In term s of in d u strial-ed u cation al in tegration, th e p roblem s related to Korean v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g system are as follow s:
First, in relation w ith th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g p olicy, su p p ort for th e p articip an ts in vocation al ed u cation is
in su fficien t . Accred itation system s for variou s v ocation al train in g an d ed u cation p rogram s are u n p rep are in tegration p olicies betw een th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes an d th e in d u strial bod ies are n ot su fficien t, an d th e certificate system an d v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g are sep arated .
Secon d ly, regard in g th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g fram ew ork, th e com m ittee organ ization betw een th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes an d th e in d u strial bod ies is virtu ally in activated . Su p p orts for th e vocation al ed u cation an d train in g system at th e local lev el is feeble, th e in terv en tion organ ization for in tegratin g an d su p p ortin g v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g is u n p rep ared . Th e vocation al ed u cation an d train in g an d th e certificate m an agem en t an d in terv en tion organ ization s are n ot m u tu ally su p p ortiv e.
Th ird ly, in relation w ith th e vocation al ed u cation an d train in g system , th ere exist m ism atch es betw een th e con ten ts of th e vocation al ed u cation an d train in g p rogram s an d th e corp orate d em an d s. Oth er p roblem s in clu d e th e lack of in tegration betw een th e certificates an d th e h igh er vocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes, th e inflexible op eration of th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes, th e in efficien t op eration of th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g system , an d th e absen ce of th e ev alu ation system for v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g.
Fou rth, regard in g th e certificate system , th e fu n ction s of th e lifelon g v ocation al skills d ev elop m en t are lackin g an d th e fu n d am en tal fu n ction s of th e certificates are n ot w ell fu lfilled . Th e resp on ses to th e techn ological ch an ges are slow an d in ad equ ate an d th e gen eral certificate m an agem en t・op eration system at th e n ation al lev el h as n ot yet been establish ed .
B. Ch aracteristics of A u stralian V ocational Education an d Training Sy stem
Th e follow in g are th e ch aracteristics of Au stralian v ocation al ed u cation train in g system :
First, Au stralian v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g p olicies at th e n ation al level are clearly set ou t in th e strategies p rep ared by MIN CO (Min isterial Cou n cil), w h ile com p eten cy-based train in g p rogram s led by in d u strial bod ies are offered by ITABs (In d u stry Train in g Advisory Bod ies). Th e com p etition -based system d u rin g th e train in g p eriod are in trod u ced . As th e vocation al ed u cation an d train in g system is adju sted to th e n eed s of in d u strial bod ies, th e focu s is p laced on th e resu lts of th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g. In th e m ean tim e, stable fin an cial su p p ort is secu red th rou gh th e Vocation al Ed u cation Train in g Act, w h ich d efin es th e in ter-fu n ction s of th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes.
Secon d ly, th e m ain train in g fram ew ork in Au stralia is based on th e coop eration am on g th e fed eral gov ern m en t, state gov ern m en t, state train in g com m ittee, in d u strial bod ies rep resen tin g th e in d u strial train in g advisory com m ittee, an d th e ed u cation / train in g in stitu tes. With regard s to d ecision -m akin g an d p olicy cou n selin g, advices at th e n ation al v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g p olicies are d on e to th e AN TA (Au stralian N ation al Train in g Au th ority) th rou gh th e n ation al in d u stry train in g advisory organ ization n etw ork . Fin al d ecision s related to th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g are m ad e by th e m in isterial cou n cil on v ocation al ed u cation train in g. Regard in g fin an cial su p p ort, th e fed eral govern m en t fin an ces AN TA, w h ich in tu rn p rovid es fin an cial su p p orts to th e state gov ern m en t or train in g com m ittee. Fin ally, th e state train in g com m ittee fin an cially su p p orts th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes.
Th ird ly, th e N TF (N ation al Train in g Fram ew ork), th e core of Au stralian v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g system , p rovid es Train in g Packages an d th e AQTF (Au stralian Qu ality Train in g Fram ew ork). Train in g Packages are d evelop ed by th e ITABs of each in d u stry, are au th orized by AN TA, an d are op erated by in d ivid u al v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes. Th e AQTF p lays an activ e role in h elp in g v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g in stitu tes p rovid e good -qu ality ed u cation an d train in g.
Fou rth, Au stralian certificate system en ables th e gen eral ed u cation in stitu tes to w ork in conju n ction w ith th e vocation al ed u cation in stitu tes w ith regard s to th e certificates. Th is system m akes it p ossible to obtain a certificate after h avin g com p leted a Train in g Package cou rse, p rovid es an sw ers on h ow to acqu ire a h igh er-ran kin g certificate, an d op erates a p re-learn in g au th orization system .
C. A Com p arison of th e V ocational Education an d Training Sy stem s of Korea an d A u stralia
Th e resu lt of th e an alysis of th e v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g system s of Korea an d Au stralia are like th e follow in gs:
Firstly, th ere are tw o con trastin g ap p roach es: th e sch ool-orien ted an d th e in d u stry-orien ted ap p roach . Korean v ocation al ed u cation train in g system is sch ool-orien ted . More sp ecifically, th e Min istry of Ed u cation an d H u m an Resou rces Develop m en t an d th e Min istry of Labor are in ch arge of ov erall p olicies for th e vocation al ed u cation an d train in g an d for th e fin an cial su p p orts at th e n ation al level. On th e oth er h an d, Au stralian v ocation al ed u cation an d train in g system is in d u stry-orien ted . In oth er w ord s, in d u strial bod ies are actively lead in g in d u strial-ed u cation al coop erativ e efforts an d exp ressin g th eir train in g d em an d s. Th e m ajor role of th e