GRAMMAR 그래머 텔링

GRAMMAR

그래머 텔링

Answer Key

L E V E L 3

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A 1. went 2. gone 3. gone 4. have you been feeling

B 1. have felt[have been feeling] 2. visited 3. didn't open

C 1. hasn't worked, since two years ago 2. have been, for two years 3. have been saving, since two years ago 4. has gone to

D 1. you have never had 2. has not been rich before 3. has given us 4. have been looking for

A 1. had had 2. had brought 3. will have liked 4. have said, will have left, will have felt

B 1. had been 2. had, come 3. hadn't paid 4. had decided 5. will not have joined 6. will have been

C 1. had waited 2. had attended 3. will have let 4. had, wanted, had attended

much stress 5. will have become much better 6. will not have become better

C 1. has been singing 2. will have visited 3. (had) hit 4. has gone 5. had never eaten, before

D 1. Have you ever tried 2. have always enjoyed 3. have been selling 4. had been 5. will have had

E 1. ③ told 혹은 had told 2. ④ Did she tell 3. ⑤ was

F ③ 과거완료는 현재와 관계가 없고, 먼 과거부터 그 이후 다른 과거까지의 계속, 경험, 결과, 완료를 나타낸다.

A 1. have never seen 2. had never lied 3. have said 4. will have kept 5. have never seen, will have never seen 6. will have broken

B 1. has lived in Canada for 10 years 2. has been running a convenience store 3. his English had been really poor 4. had felt too

Advanced Practice

CHAPTER

01 시제

UNIT 01 ^현재완료

UNIT 02 ^{과거완료, 미래완료}

1. ② 2. ④ 3. ⑤ 4. ⑤ 5. ⑤ 6. ① 7. ⑤ 8. ⑤ 9. ④ 10. ⑤ 11. ② 12. will have kept 13. has sold 14. has been driving 15. Yesterday, I met my old friend at a shopping mall. 혹은 I have met my old friend at a shopping mall. 16. will have done → have done 17. has finished → had finished 18. will arrive → will have arrived 19.

We have been learning math since we were 8 years old. 혹은 We have learned math since we were 8 years old. 20. will not have lived 21.

had passed away 22. have never expressed 23. went to a bus stop after the bus service had finished 24. has been walking alone since 2 o'clock in the morning 25. will have reached home by 8

단원 마무리 테스트

1. 어떤 과거의 일보다 더 먼저 이루어진 것은 과거완료로 나타낸다.

2. 과거부터 현재까지 계속되는 일은 현재완료로 나타낸다.

3. 특정한 미래시점까지 계속 되는 일은 미래완료로 나타낸다.

4. 과거부터 현재까지 계속되고, 현재완료 '계속'보다 더 의미를 강조할 때는 현재완료 진행형을 쓴다.

5. for+기간: ~동안 / since+기준 시점: ~이래로

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A 1. must 2. should have 3. doesn't have to 4. should

B 1. should have finished 2. doesn't have to 3. have to, are able to

C 1. must be → must have been 2. doesn't have to be → can't be 3. must not ignore → should not have ignored

D 1. must[should] not turn up 2. may bite me 3. may have heard 4. should have locked

A 1. used 2. had, not eat 3. may as well 4. rather, than

B 1. used to 2. would rather 3. ought to

C 1. may as well to take → may as well take 2. would → used to 3. ought to not wat → ought not to watch 4. have not better watch

→ had better not watch

D 1. used to be soft 2. had better not talk back 3. ought not to talk back 4. would rather[had better] study

6. Beth has gone to England. 혹은 Beth went to England last week.이 맞다.

7. she will have finished가 맞다.

8. ⑤ 경험 ① 계속 ②, ③ 완료 ④ 결과 9. ④ 계속 ① 결과 ② 완료 ③, ⑤ 경험

10. 과거부터 현재까지 계속되고, 현재완료 '계속'보다 더 의미를 강조할 때는 현재완료 진행형을 쓴다.

11. 어떤 과거의 일보다 더 먼저 이루어진 것은 과거완료로 나타낸다.

12. 특정한 미래시점까지 계속 되는 일은 미래완료로 나타낸다.

13. 결과를 나타내는 현재완료다.

14. 과거부터 현재까지 계속되고, 현재완료 '계속'보다 더 의미를 강조할 때는 현재완료 진행형을 쓴다.

15. 현재완료는 과거를 나타내는 말과 함께 쓸 수 없다.

16. 시간과 조건을 나타내는 부사절에서 미래완료의 뜻을 반드시 현재완료로 나타내야 한다.

17. 어떤 과거의 일보다 더 먼저 이루어진 것은 과거완료로 나타낸다.

18. 특정한 미래시점까지 계속 되는 일은 미래완료로 나타낸다.

19. 현재완료진행은 'have+been+동사원형+ing'로 나타낼 수 있다. 혹은 이 문장은 현재완료로도 나타낼 수 있다.

20. 특정한 미래시점까지 계속 되는 일은 미래완료로 나타낸다.

21. 어떤 과거의 일보다 더 먼저 이루어진 것은 과거완료로 나타낸다.

22. 경험을 나타내는 현재완료다. 이때 never는 have 뒤에 위치 한다.

23. 어떤 과거의 일보다 더 먼저 이루어진 것은 과거완료로 나타낸다.

24. 과거부터 현재까지 계속되고, 현재완료 '계속'보다 더 의미를 강조할 때는 현재완료 진행형을 쓴다.

25. 특정한 미래시점까지 계속 되는 일은 미래완료로 나타낸다.

CHAPTER

02 조동사

UNIT 01 can, may, must, should

UNIT 02 had better, ought to, would rather, may as well, used to

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. O 4. O 5. X

A 1. must have begun 2. should have understood 3. used to think, didn't have to act up 4. may be harder to control 5. will be able to understand and love 6. would rather

Advanced Practice

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try to know, than avoid

B 1. must go through 2. may have had 3. used to[would] climb 4. must have felt 5. can't be a master key 6. must be the master key

C 1. must be 2. can't be 3. ought not to talk 4. had better not eat 5. would rather play 6. cannot have left 7. should have finished 8. didn't have to buy

D 1. ought not to go 2. Can[May] I hug and kiss 3. can't[may not] 4. will be able to come 5. can't be 6. must be 7. had better hit 8. used to feel 9. must be excited

E 1. ② had better hang 2. ③ ought not to make 3. ⑥ used to sleep 4. ⑦ Will he soon be able to know

F 1. ② must는 의무, 추측의 의미를 가지지만, have to는 의 무만 나타낸다. ⑧ had better not+동사원형으로 나타낼 수 있다.

1. ① 2. ② 3. ⑤ 4. ② 5. ⑤ 6. ① 7. ③ 8. ⑤ 9. ⑤ 10. ② 11. should have stopped 12. must have known 13. may have told 14. ④ 15. used to 16. must 17. have not better → had better not 18. ought to not → ought not to 19. will can → will be able to 20. killing → kill 21. used to[would] eat 22. must have been 23. would rather eat Jjambbong than eat Jjajangmyeon 24. don't have to worry / should eat 25. must not have existed Jjamjjamyeon

단원 마무리 테스트

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. X 4. X 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. O 1. must+동사원형: ~임에 틀림없다(강한 추측)

2. can't be: ~일 리가 없다(강한 부정적 추측) 3. should have+p.p: ~했어야 했는데

4. ② will must → will have to / 조동사는 두 번 연달아 쓸 수 없다.

5. ⑤ would rather to take → would rather take 6. ① can't be → can't have been: ~였을 리가 없다 7. ③ don't have to: ~할 필요가 없다 → should not: ~하면

안 된다

8. don't/doesn't have to: ~할 필요가 없다 9. should have+p.p: ~했어야 했는데

10. ② 강한 추측(~임에 틀림없다) / 나머지는 의무(~해야 한다) 11. should have+p.p: ~했어야 했는데

12. must have+p.p: ~했음에 틀림없다 13. may have+p.p: ~했을지도 모른다

14. ④ 추측(~일지도 모른다) / 나머지는 허락(~해도 된다) 15. used to+동사원형: ~하곤 했다

16. must+동사원형: ~해야 한다/~임에 틀림없다 17. had better의 부정형은 had better not이다 18. ought to의 부정형은 ought not to다 19. 조동사는 두 번 연달아 쓸 수 없다.

20. would rather+동사원형이므로 kill이 맞다.

21. used to[would]+동사원형: ~하곤 했다 / 단 동작이 아닌 상태를 나타낼 경우 would를 쓸 수 없다.

22. must have+p.p: ~했음에 틀림없다

23. would rather+동사원형(A)+than+동사원형(B): B하느니 차라리 A하는 것이 더 낫다

24. don't have to+동사원형: ~할 필요가 없다 / should+동사 원형: ~해야 한다

25. must not have p.p: ~안했음에 틀림없다

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A 1. of 2. has been heard, saying 3. have been made, to keep 4. to

B 1. were sent to 2. read 3. were shocked, talk[talking]

C 1. His life has been made successful by his honest and thrifty life 2. Her life story will be made into a movie by them 3. Their students are made to leave their smart phones at home by schools 4. His dog was heard to scratch[scratching] his door at midnight by Sam 5. was given a bone and beef jerky by Sam, were given to his dog by Sam

D 1. was made to teach, to 2. was seen, to fly 3. was made to do 4. was cooked for

A 1. is spoken well of 2. looked up to 3. with 4. with

B 1. have been looked after by Ben 2. is said that she always speaks well of others / is, said to speak well of others 3. is believed that blood B type boys are their type by some girls / are believed to be

C 1. with 2. of 3. to

D 1. is known for 2. is crowded with 3. be done away with 4. was expected to look for A 1. appeared 2. looked 3. has been studied

4. may be known 5. doesn't resemble B 1. will take place 2. seem 3. will be

welcomed 4. is located

C 1. You can be bitten by barking dogs 2. A beautiful old tree was being cut down (by them) 3. An agreement has been reached (by us) D 1. must be often watered 2. have been made

3. is thought 4. is being done

A 1. were seen to stand[standing] 2. was being stolen 3. are known to carry 4. were heard to shout[shouting] 5. was made to drive 6. is believed to do

B 1. has not been explained by modern science 2. are believed to study 3. are worried about the low level 4. cannot and must not be expected to produce 5. will be made to give scientists 6. are given, will be satisfied with

C 1. that creative thought is very important 2. are being taken good care of by 3. We are expected to do 4. have been made to run 5. say that open mind opens the world wide 6. has been bought for me

D 1. Are, worried about 2. have been watched to nod[noding] 3. can be given to 4. have been made to work 5. happened 6. will not be told to

E 1. ② was located 2. ③ was disappointed with 3. ④ Have you ordered 4. ⑤ has happened 5. ⑦ closely resemble

Advanced Practice

CHAPTER

03 수동태

UNIT 02 4, 5형식 문장의 수동태

UNIT 03 ^{주의해야 할 수동태}

UNIT 01 ^{수동태의 뜻과 형태}

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11. 동사구는 하나의 동사로 생각하고, 이를 수동태로 고칠 때는 'be동사+동사구+by'로 고친다.

12. be satisfied with: ~에 만족하다

13. 완료수동태: have been+p.p / 사역동사(make)의 목적격 보어로 쓰인 동사원형은 수동태에서 to+동사원형으로 바뀐다.

14. 능동태의 목적어가 접속사 that절인 경우 'It(가주어)+be동사 +p.p+접속사 that절(진주어)'로 수동태를 고친다.

15. 능동태의 목적어가 접속사 that절인 경우 'that절의 주어+be 동사+p.p+to+동사원형(that절 동사를 to+동사원형으로 바꾼다)+나머지'로 수동태를 고친다.

16. 지각동사(hear)의 목적격보어로 쓰인 동사원형은 수동태에서 to+동사원형 혹은 현재분사로 바뀐다.

17. 직접목적어가 주어가 되면 buy는 간접목적어(him) 앞에 전치사 for를 쓴다.

18. be dissatisfied with: ~에 불만족해 하다

19. 능동태의 목적어가 접속사 that절인 경우 'that절의 주어+be 동사+p.p+to+동사원형(that절 동사를 to+동사원형으로 바꾼다)+나머지'로 수동태를 고친다.

20. 동사구는 하나의 동사로 생각하고, 이를 수동태로 고칠 때는 'be동사+동사구+by'로 고친다.

21. 조동사가 있는 동사의 수동태: 조동사+be+p.p / 사역동사 (make)의 목적격보어로 쓰인 동사원형은 수동태에서 to+ 동사원형으로 바뀐다.

22. 조동사가 있는 동사의 수동태: 조동사+be+p.p

23. 능동태의 목적어가 접속사 that절인 경우 'It(가주어)+be동사 +p.p+접속사 that절(진주어)'로 수동태를 고친다.

24. 능동태의 목적어가 접속사 that절인 경우 'that절의 주어+be 동사+p.p+to+동사원형(that절 동사를 to+동사원형으로 바꾼다)+나머지'로 수동태를 고친다.

25. 조동사가 있는 동사의 수동태: 조동사+be+p.p / 동사구는 하나의 동사로 생각하고, 이를 수동태로 고칠 때는 'be동사+

동사구+by'로 고친다.

1. 지각동사(see)의 목적격보어로 쓰인 동사원형은 수동태에서 to+동사원형 혹은 현재분사로 바뀐다.

2. 사역동사(make)의 목적격보어로 쓰인 동사원형은 수동태에서 to+동사원형으로 바뀐다.

3. 그가 역무실로 직원에 의해 끌려간 것이므로 수동태를 써야 한다.

4. They have found him to try to get a free ride.가 수동태 된 것이다.

5. 조동사가 있는 동사의 수동태: 조동사+be+p.p / 그의 부모님 들이 벌금 내는 것이 요구되는 것이므로 수동태를 써야 한다.

6. ④ are made praise → are made to praise / 사역동사 (make)의 목적격보어로 쓰인 동사원형은 수동태에서 to+동사 원형으로 바뀐다.

7. ① resemble은 수동태로 쓰지 않으므로 I resemble my father가 맞다.

8. ① located → was located

9. 직접목적어가 주어가 되면 give는 간접목적어(him) 앞에 전치사 to를 쓴다. / be covered with: ~로 덮여있다

10. be worried about: ~에 대해 걱정하다 / be made from: ~로 만들어지다(원료)

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. X 3. O 4. O 5. O 6. O 7. O 1. ② 2. ② 3. ⑤ 4. ③ 5. ⑤ 6. ④ 7. ① 8. ①

9. ④ 10. ⑤ 11. be taken good care of by 12. be satisfied with 13. been made to get 14. is believed that newspapers tell 15. was thought to make 16. ⑤ 17. bought to him → bought for him 18. dissatisfied at → dissatisfied with 19. believed be → believed to be 20. taken care by → taken care of by 21. will be made to clean 22. will be watched and recorded 23. It was reported that blood donation was decreasing. 24. is believed to save 25. should be taken good care of by

단원 마무리 테스트

F ② 4형식 문장의 동사가 buy, make, cook, write 등 일 때 는, 직접목적어를 주어로 하는 수동태만 가능하다. ③ 문장 동 사가 지각/사역동사이고 수동태면, 수동태 동사 뒤에 반드시 'to+동사원형'을 주격보어로 써야 한다.

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A 1. of him 2. to have been 3. to be 4. to be accepted 5. for her

B 1. him to make 2. for him to stop 3. me to

become 4. of me to have talked

C 1. he makes 2. the father advised 3. to try to accept it 4. for his advice to have made D 1. to have broken the wind 2. seems to have

broken 3. for pretty girls to do 4. rude of anyone to break the wind

A 1. to die 2. it, to teach 3. to show 4. to say 5. To have, to find

B 1. It, to deceive oneself 2. To play with ears than with the tongue 3. what he should say to her

C 1. how to drive 2. where to go 3. when to sleep

D 1. It is no deceit to deceive a deceiver 2. where to lay 3. it hard to use 4. To be good to others is to be good

A 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B B 1. 어떤 학생들은 좋은 성적을 받기 위해 밤을 새운다.

2. Susan은 그녀의 여동생들과 놀아 줄 시간을 갖고자 노력 한다. 3. Micky는 아픈 사람들을 위해 헌혈하시는 엄마가 자랑스럽다. 4. 멋진 S라인 몸매를 갖기 위해, 엄마는 식사 를 줄이셨다. 5. 하루에 30분 걷고자 하는 그들의 계획은 멋 지게 들린다. 6. 그는 40살이 되기 전에 세계 일주 여행을 할 예정이다.

C 1. to have no difficulty 2. enough to govern one hundred sons 3. has no mind to change 4. nothing to choose

A 1. waste 2. to idle, to waste 3. solve[to solve]

4. to think 5. cut

B 1. to be 2. speak 3. spoken 4. to keep C 1. call → called 2. building → (to) build 3. to

cheat → cheat[cheating] 4. to clean → clean 5. wash → washed

D 1. heard children jump[jumping] 2. made Dad go, stop 3. let my children stop 4. Get your son to study

A 1. lazy enough 2. too angry 3. To tell 4. To conclude

B 1. so husky to → too husky to 2. enough charming to attract → charming enough to attract 3. Needlessly → Needless

C 1. popular enough among female dogs to have 2. too jealous to let him 3. too lovely for him to take 4. chic enough to attract

D 1. clever enough to do 2. too quick-tempered to wait 3. Strange to say, has helped Korea to make 4. To make a long story short

CHAPTER

to부정사

04

UNIT 03 to부정사의 의미상 주어, 시제, 태

UNIT 01 to부정사의 명사 용법

UNIT 02 to부정사의 형용사, 부사 용법

UNIT 04 to부정사 목적격보어

UNIT 05 to부정사 구문, 독립부정사

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질/태도를 표시하는 형용사가 아니므로 for가 맞다.

2. 지각동사(see)+목적어+원형부정사/현재분사: 목적어가 ~하는 것을 보다

3. 형용사/부사+enough to+동사원형: ~할 만큼 충분히 …하다 4. 사역동사(let)+목적어+원형부정사(동사원형): 목적어가 ~하도

록 시키다

5. get은 '시키다'의 뜻이 있지만, 사역동사가 아니므로 목적격 보어로 반드시 to+동사원형을 써야 한다.

6. ③ of him → for him / important는 사람의 성질/태도를 표시하는 형용사가 아니다. ④ take care of babies → to take care of babies / it은 가목적어고, to take care of babies는 진목적어다.

7. ④ to bring → bring / 사역동사(let)+목적어+동사원형 8. ④ 부사 용법 / 나머지는 명사 용법

9. ② 명사 용법 / 나머지는 형용사 용법 10. ③ 형용사 용법 / 나머지는 부사 용법

11. ⑤ they can wash → they can't wash / too+형용사/

부사+to+동사원형: 너무나 ~해서 …할 수 없다

12. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제와 같을 경우 단순부정사를 쓴다.

13. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제보다 앞설 경우 완료부정사를 쓴다.

14. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제보다 앞설 경우 완료부정사를 쓴다.

15. ④ get은 to+동사원형을 쓰므로 to plant가 맞다.

16. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제보다 앞설 경우 완료부정사를 쓴다.

17. 사역동사(have)+목적어+원형부정사(동사원형): 목적어가 ~하도록 시키다

18. 형용사/부사+enough to+동사원형: ~할 만큼 충분히 …하다 19. generous는 사람의 성질/태도를 나타내는 형용사이므로

of를 써야 한다.

20. 새로운 무언가를 배울 기회를 받는 것이므로 to부정사를 수동 태로 써야 한다.

21. impossible은 사람의 성질/태도를 표시하는 형용사가 아니 므로 의미상 주어(him) 앞에 전치사 for를 써야 한다.

22. 사역동사(let)+목적어+원형부정사(동사원형): 목적어가 ~하도 록 시키다

23. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제보다 앞설 경우 완료부정사를 쓴다.

24. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제와 같을 경우 단순부정사를 쓴다.

25. 부정사의 시제가 주절의 시제보다 앞설 경우 완료부정사를 쓴다.

A 1. makes the cup run 2. To fright, the way to catch 3. for us to obtain 4. to be judged 5. It, to change, to change 6. are too arrogant to understand 7. is foolish of you to show off

B 1. rich enough to do 2. the hen where to hatch 3. is not to remember 4. is thought to be 5. To see a man do a good deed 6. a ladder for some to go up

C 1. 형용사, 명사 2. 명사 3. 형용사 4. 명사 5. 부사 6. 부사

D 1. are to get 2. are to follow 3. you seen me do 4. didn't you help me (to) study 5. too slow to understand 6. crazy enough to make me get 7. too lazy and foolish to study 8. for you to do is to master

E 1. ① too difficult for Number 3 to understand 2. ② help 3. ⑦ for me to speak

F ④ (대)명사 뒤에서 꾸민다. ⑤ for가 아닌 of를 쓴다. ⑧ '형용 사/부사+enough+to+동사원형'로 나타낼 수 있다.

Advanced Practice

1. ⑤ 2. ② 3. ① 4. ② 5. ③ 6. ③, ④ 7. ④ 8. ④ 9. ② 10. ③ 11. ⑤ 12. to have 13. to have enjoyed 14. to have been 15. ④ 16. be playful → havebeen playful 17. to touch → touch 18. enough smart → smart enough 19.

generous for → generous of 20. to give → to be given 21. for him to share 22. lets anyone try to touch 23. seems to have enjoyed making fun of 24. didn't feel sorry to see her cry 25. to have made her cry

단원 마무리 테스트

1. too+형용사/부사+for+의미상의 주어+to+동사원형: 너무나 ~ 해서 의미상의 주어가 …할 수 없다 / expensive는 사람의 성

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A 1. walking 2. my, playing 3. having played 4. Not having 5. being left

B 1. 주어 2. 전치사 without의 목적어 3. 주어, 동격의 주 격보어 4. 동사 keep의 목적어

C 1. having missed 2. your seat[your seat's]

being exchanged 3. her sister('s) singing and dancing

D 1. imagines hitting 2. his[him] being dismissed 3. having been warned 4. His getting

A 1. saying 2. saying 3. saying 4. living 5. to stop

B 1. to talk[talking] 2. turning 3. changing 4. having

C 1. joining 2. to stop, being 3. to accept 4. to disagree, talking

D 1. On seeing, smoking 2. kept smoking, coming 3. stop you from smoking 4. quitting smoking 5. forgot to stop smoking

UNIT 01 ^{동명사의 역할}

UNIT 02 ^{동명사, to부정사}

동명사

CHAPTER

05

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. X 4. X 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. X A 1. decided to open 2. Being[To be], helping[to help] 3. forgot to live 4. his mother('s) telling him to give 5. having, having been born 6. Being[To be] able to keep providing

B 1. is worried about being scolded 2. forget her mom scolding 3. for her mom's having scolded was 4. looks forward to seeing Youngmi do 5. Not doing best is ruining the future

C 1. to lock the door 2. not having locked 3. not locking the door 4. Trying[To try] not to forget to lock 5. to change the lock system

D 1. racing 2. winning 3. your winning 4. calling 5. doing 6. never winning 7. agree to call

E 1. ⑤ having practiced 2. ⑥ staying 3. ⑦ being broken

F ② 둘 다 모두 문장에서 주어, 목적어, 동격의 주격보어가 될 수 있지만, 전치사 뒤에는 to부정사가 못 오고, 동명사만 올 수 있 다는 점이 다르다.

Advanced Practice

1. ② 2. ③ 3. ⑤ 4. ② 5. ④ 6. ③ 7. ④ 8. ① 9. ① 10. ⑤ 11. ③ 12. ② 13. ③ 14. ④ 15. ⑤ 16. to go → going 17. coming → to come 18. Having not → Not having / being not → not being 19. scolding → being scolded 20. to keep → keeping 21. trying challenging 22. feels shamed of having been suspended 23. is busy taking care of abandoned dogs 24. Abusing and abandoning pet animals is 25. prevent them from being abused and abandoned

단원 마무리 테스트

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A 1. known 2. barking 3. following 4. spent, lost 5. feeling

B 1. used 2. united 3. recalled 4. shocking, shocked

C 1. bored, boring 2. shocked 3. dancing 4. parked

D 1. interesting explanation, interested 2. made him pleased 3. felt ashamed of, surprising 4. heard his name called

A 1. Being 2. not having 3. shouting 4. Feeling

B 1. Being tasty and easy to eat 2. Not eating them too often 3. Knowing this

C 1. Though the people[they] were very poor 2. As [Because] they[men and women] come from different planets 3. If men[they] act like women

D 1. Taking a hot shower 2. Being out of order 3. Not wanting to take 4. Finishing the shower, feeling

1. consider는 동명사만 목적어로 갖는 동사다.

2. keep+목적어+from+동명사: ~하는 것을 막다

3. stop+목적어+from+동명사: ~하는 것을 막다 / 다른 서비스 프로그램들이 영향을 받는 것이므로 수동태가 맞다.

4. be worth+동명사: ~할 가치가 있다

5. ④ study → studying / 여기서 studying은 동명사 주어다.

6. ③ to see → seeing / 전치사 뒤에는 to부정사를 쓸 수 없고, 동명사를 쓸 수 있다.

7. ④ to get → getting / remember+동사원형+ing: ~했던 것을 기억하다

8. ① Don't making → Not[Never] making / 동명사를 부정할 때는 동명사 바로 앞에 not이나 never를 쓴다.

9. ① telling → having told / 동명사의 시제가 문장의 동사 보다 더 먼저 이루어진 경우 완료동명사를 쓴다.

10. 동명사의 시제가 문장의 동사보다 더 먼저 이루어진 경우 완료 동명사를 쓴다. / 뽑는 것이 아닌 뽑히는 것이므로 수동태를 쓴다.

11. plan은 to부정사만 목적어로 갖는 동사다.

12. suggest는 동명사만 목적어로 갖는 동사다.

13. look forward to+동명사: ~하기를 고대하다 / be used to+동명사: ~하는데 익숙하다

14. 동명사의 시제가 문장의 동사보다 더 먼저 이루어진 경우 완료 동명사를 쓴다. 취급되는 것이므로 수동태를 쓴다. / 여겨지는 것이므로 수동태를 쓴다.

15. ⑤ laughing / cannot help+동명사: ~하지 않을 수 없다 16. suggest는 동명사만 목적어로 갖는 동사다.

17. forget+to+동사원형: ~할 것을 잊다

18. 동명사를 부정할 때는 동명사 바로 앞에 not을 쓴다.

19. 많은 사람들 앞에서 비난을 당하는 것이므로 동명사를 수동태 로 써야 한다.

20. enjoy는 동명사만 목적어로 갖는 동사다.

21. 전치사 뒤에는 to부정사를 쓸 수 없고, 동명사를 쓸 수 있다. / try+동사원형+ing: (시험 삼아) ~해보다

22. 전치사 뒤에는 to부정사를 쓸 수 없고, 동명사를 쓸 수 있다. / 동명사의 시제가 문장의 동사보다 더 먼저 이루어진 경우 완료 동명사를 쓴다. / 정학을 당하는 것이므로 수동태를 쓴다.

23. be busy+동명사: ~하느라 바쁘다 24. 동명사가 주어인 경우다.

25. prevent+목적어+from+동명사: ~하는 것을 막다 / 학대 받고 버려지는 것이므로 수동태를 쓴다.

CHAPTER

06 분사

UNIT 01 ^{현재분사, 과거분사}

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. X 3. X 4. O 5. O 6. O 7. O

UNIT 02 ^분사구문

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A 1. Asked 2. Judging 3. The boy saying B 1. (Being) A small country 2. Snow keeping

falling down 3. There having been a car accident 30 minutes ago

C 1. put 2. having lived 3. having done 4. Considering

D 1. Generally speaking 2. with TV turned on 3. Written in Chinese

1. '놀라운'이라는 능동의 의미이므로 현재분사를 써야 한다.

2. '놀란'이라는 수동의 의미이므로 과거분사를 써야 한다.

3. '기쁜'이라는 수동의 의미이므로 과거분사를 써야 한다.

4. 질문을 받은 것이므로 수동의 분사구문인 Asked가 맞다.

5. 문장 동사 시제보다 분사의 시제가 먼저 일어난 경우 완료분사 구문을 쓴다.

6. ② 동명사 / 나머지는 현재분사 7. ② 동명사 / 나머지는 분사구문

8. ④ 발표회(recital)가 취소된 것이므로 cancelled가 맞다.

9. 분사구문의 부정은 분사 앞에 not을 쓴다.

10. ⑤ Congratulated → Congratulating / 그가 축하한 것 이므로 능동이 맞다.

11. 이유를 나타내는 분사구문이다.

12. Being이 생략되어 원래는 Being satisfied with it인 분사구문이고, 수동이므로 Because he was satisfied가 맞다.

13. 분사구문의 부정은 분사 앞에 not을 쓴다.

14. 의미상 주어가 있는 분사구문에서는 분사 앞에 의미상 주어를 써야한다. / 문장 동사 시제보다 분사의 시제가 먼저 일어난 경우 완료분사구문을 쓴다.

15. 수동 분사구문은 being+p.p로 나타낸다.

16. 의미상 주어가 있는 분사구문에서는 분사 앞에 의미상 주어를 써야한다.

17. 양보를 나타내는 분사구문이다. Though[Although]: 비록 ~일지라도

UNIT 03 ^{여러 가지 분사구문}

A 1. rising prices 2. fathers' salary staying 3. Economy (being) 4. Ordinary people (being) 5. Respecting and loving 6. Not (being) frustrated

B 1. with his smart phone locked 2. thinking his phone safe 3. breaking a password set 4. Deciding to break 5. Not knowing it, had his phone's password broken

C 1. depressing → depressed 2. amused → amusing 3. The satisfied test result → The satisfying test result 4. boring → bored 5. crossing → crossed 6. Being not → Not (being)

D 1. shocking news 2. (having been) shocked 3. got caught cheating 4. unlimited suspension 5. Regretting his wrongdoing and promising not to do it

E 1. ① It (being) 2. ③ (being) 3. ④ excited

F ⑤ 사람주어나 목적어의 감정과 느낌은 언제나 과거분사 보 어를 쓴다. ⑦ 분사구문 만들 때, 종속절 주어가 문장 주어 와 같을 때 생략하고, 분명히 다르면 반드시 써 준다. ⑧ 종 속절 동사가 문장 동사 시제와 같을 때만, 종속절 동사를 '동사원형+ing'로 고친다.

Advanced Practice

1. ① 2. ③ 3. ② 4. ④ 5. ④ 6. ② 7. ② 8. ④ 9. ① 10. ⑤ 11. ④ 12. ② 13. Not (being) good at cooking 14. Micky having stayed only at home 15. (Being) Washed and waxed properly 16. As[Because, Since] the weather got colder 17. Though[Although] she was sick, 18. Being → It (being) 19. washing → washed 20. turning → turned 21. waiting for a bus heading 22. his car parked 23. Having lived honestly 24. There having been their love 25.

Not being thankful

단원 마무리 테스트

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A 1. coldest 2. more often 3. far 4. coldest, good

B 1. the best 2. poorer than 3. much better / much more 4. important

C 1. not as[so] high 2. much shorter than 3. the longest hours

D 1. as long as 2. even lower than 3. not as[so]

happy as 4. the happiest life that you have ever imagined

A 1. Twice as many 2. possible 3. The more, more loudly 4. harder and harder 5. events B 1. as hard as she could 2. The harder, the

more pain 3. more considerate than any other woman, more considerate than all the other women

C 1. kinder than any other girl 2. kinder than all the other girls 3. kinder than 4. as[so] kind as

D 1. three times as much money as 2. one of the most generous friends 3. The more money, the heavier 4. as much as I can

CHAPTER

07 비교

UNIT 01 원급, 비교급, 최상급

UNIT 02 ^{여러 가지 비교구문}

A 1. cut more than 2. better, worse 3. much more accurate than 4. The more, the more modest 5. One of the saddest things 6. as much as possible[as much as you can]

B 1. as comfortable as my home 2. 5 times more comfortable than 3. far better, than 4. is getting smaller and smaller 5. Korea is one of the countries 6. The more importance, the more empty

C 1. as heavy as 2. the most intelligent 3. heavier than 4. as[so] short as 5. shorter than 6. older than, younger than 7. as[so] tall as 8. taller than

D 1. more beautiful than me 2. 100 times more beautiful women 3. The more 4. the uglier 5. even more than 6. as[so] thick as 7. lasts more than 10 years

E 1. ① more beautiful 2. ③ the worse 3. ⑤ much[even, still, far, a lot] 4. ⑦ twice as

Advanced Practice Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. O 4. X 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. O 18. 의미상 주어가 있는 분사구문에서는 분사 앞에 의미상 주어를

써야한다.

19. 차가 '닦이는' 수동의 의미이므로 과거분사를 써야 한다.

20. TV가 '켜지는' 수동의 의미이므로 과거분사를 써야 한다.

21. 그 남자가 버스를 '기다리는' 능동의 의미이므로 현재분사를 써 야 한다.

22. 그의 차가 '주차되는' 수동의 의미이므로 과거분사를 써야 한다.

23. 문장 동사 시제보다 분사의 시제가 먼저 일어난 경우 완료분사 구문을 쓴다.

24. 의미상 주어가 있는 분사구문에서는 분사 앞에 의미상 주어를 써야한다. / 문장 동사 시제보다 분사의 시제가 먼저 일어난 경우 완료분사구문을 쓴다.

25. 분사구문의 부정은 분사 앞에 not을 쓴다.

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1. ③ 2. ① 3. ⑤ 4. ② 5. ④ 6. ⑤ 7. ① 8. ⑤ 9. ④ 10. ③ 11. ③ 12. ④ 13. The more often, the happier 14. as much as she can 15. twice as fast as 16. more money than any other 17. prettier → pretty 18. thickly → more thickly / teachers → teacher 19. as possible as easily → as easily as possible 20. teacher → teachers 21. more and more handsome 22.

ten times as attractive as 23. even more boring than memorizing 24. The more English words you know, the more interesting English becomes 25. good at English as soon as possible

단원 마무리 테스트

A 1. stops 2. continues 3. Though 4. until, can

B 1. finishes 2. turns 3. will arrive 4. buy C 1. Though 2. while 3. as soon as

4. because 5. As

D 1. until I come back 2. If you move 3. Though[Although] I will not be 4. As soon as I come

beautiful as

F ① 원급에서 as와 as 사이에는 형용사나 부사가 온다.

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. O 4. X 5. X 6. O 7. O

1. The+비교급+..., the+비교급+...: ~하면 할수록 점점 더 … 하다

2. as+원급의 형용사/부사+as: ~만큼 …한/하게

3. 배수사+as+원급의 형용사/부사+as: ~의 몇 배로 …한/하게 / 여기서 3배 이상부터는 기수+times로 나타낸다.

4. 비교급+than: ~보다 더 …한/하게

5. the+최상급+in+장소 표시 단수명사: ~에서 가장 …한 6. ⑤ much rich than → much richer than / 여기서

much는 비교급을 강조해주는 말이다.

7. ① place → places / one of the+최상급+복수명사: 가장 ~한 ~중에서 하나

8. ... ~ 비교급+than+any other+단수명사

9. ④ is not as tall as → taller than 혹은 is not shorter than

10. ③ woman → women / one of the+최상급+복수명사:

가장 ~한 …중에서 하나

11. very는 비교급을 강조할 수 없고, 원급을 강조할 수 있다.

12. ④ is not → is

13. The+비교급+..., the+비교급+...: ~하면 할수록 점점 더 …하다

14. as+원급+as+주어+can - 가능한 ~한/하게

15. 배수사+as+비교급의 형용사/부사+as: ~의 몇 배로 …한/하게 16. ... ~ 비교급+than+any other+단수명사

17. as+원급의 형용사/부사+as: ~만큼 …한/하게 18. 비교급+than: ~보다 더 …한/하게 / ... ~ 비교급

+than+any other+단수명사

19. as+원급+as possible: 가능한 ~한/하게

20. one of the+최상급+복수명사: 가장 ~한 ~중에서 하나 21. 비교급+and+비교급: 점점 더 ~한/하게

22. 배수사+as+원급의 형용사/부사+as: ~의 몇 배로 …한/하게 23. 비교급을 강조할 때는 비교급 앞에 '훨씬'의 뜻을 가지는

even[much, still, far, a lot]을 쓴다.

24. The+비교급+..., the+비교급+...: ~하면 할수록 점점 더 …하다

25. as+원급+as possible: 가능한 ~한/하게

CHAPTER

08 접속사

UNIT 01 ^{종속 접속사}

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1. either A or B: A와 B 둘 중 하나

2. 의문사가 없는 경우 간접의문문은 'if[whether]+주어+동사'로 나타낸다.

3. Though: 비록 ~일지라도

4. Unless: 만일 ~아니라면 / If: 만일 ~라면

5. ② Do you know why he didn't come이 맞다.

6. ④ were → was / B as well as A에서 B에 동사의 수를 일치시킨다.

1. ② 2. ① 3. ② 4. ⑤ 5. ② 6. ④ 7. ① 8. ① 9. ⑤ 10. ① 11. ⑤ 12. as well as 13. whether, if, don't tell 14. Who did you believe stole your cheese? 15. She doesn't know where she can get the free lipsticks 16. We wonder if[whether] they visited us while we were out. 17. will snow

→ snows 18. where can I meet → where I can meet 19. Do you think who loves → Who do you think loves 20. you will be → you are back 21. Neither he nor she remembers when they first met 22. Unless someone tells[If someone doesn't tell] / she as well as he / what day today is 23. Either Thursday or Friday is 24. won't smile until he understands 25. What do you think will make

단원 마무리 테스트

A 1. or 2. Neither, nor 3. when he or she will die 4. but also

B 1. Both, and, have 2. neither, nor 3. as well as

C 1. I want to know how much it costs to rent a car 2. When do you think they will be able to join you? 3. I don't know if[whether] he said yes to my offer 4. Who can you guess will stay with you forever?

D 1. Both English and math are 2. Why do you think not only English but also math is 3. why neither English nor math is easy

UNIT 02 상관 접속사, 간접의문문

A 1. Why do you think Dad doesn't lift 2. not only breaks, but also gets 3. Mom as well as Dad gets stressed / not only Dad but also Mom gets stressed 4. Both Mom and Dad are going through 5. While neither you nor I am studying, both you and me 6. Unless we do[If we don't do], until they pass away

B 1. not only felt sad but also lonely 2. While he was alone, what he should do 3. Hope as well as food 4. until he could provide 5. unless it is morally wrong 6. how important his family is, until he failed

C 1. either a cake or ice cream 2. Although she wants to eat both at the same time 3. Since she has only one mouth 4. if he may eat either the cake or the ice cream 5. Both Harry and her little brother want to eat both the cake and the ice cream 6. As they fight against each other / neither the cake nor the ice cream

D 1. Who(m) do you think you will marry 2. either, or 3. both beautiful and good-natured 4. do you think you have to[should] be if you want to marry 5. if I say the truth 6. Since[As, Because]

7. have 8. neither pretty nor good-natured

E 1. ① what he will do 2. ② doesn't like 3. ③ like 4. ⑦ and

F ① 보통, 종속접속사 뒤에는 '주어+동사'를 포함해서 완전한 문장이 온다. ② 시간과 조건표시의 부사절에서만 미래의 뜻 을 현재시제로 나타낸다. ③ 부사절은 생략해도 나머지로 완 전한 문장이 된다. ⑥ '의문사+주어+동사'순으로 쓴다.

Advanced Practice

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A 1. who 2. what 3. that 4. which 5. whose

B 1. what → that[who] 2. who → whose 3. that

→ what 4. what → that[which]

C 1. The book whose author is Bernard Werber is popular among Korean readers 2. Harry likes the subject that[which] is modern English literature 3. I was disappointed with the poor service that[which] I got from the service center D 1. who lives by the sword dies 2. tomorrow

what you can do 3. that bark at a distance don't bite

A 1. where 2. when 3. why 4. how B 1. where 2. why 3. how

C 1. May 1st in 1980 was the day when Dad began to learn Taekwondo 2. His friends didn't know the reason why Dad just smiled at them 3. The school playground was the place where Dad invited them to come after school

D 1. the reason why 2. the way he could beat 3. the time when, came up 4. the playground where

A 1. which 2. set 3. which 4. where B 1. X 2. X 3. that 4. which were 5. that

are 7. ① who is she → who she is

8. ① I am not sure if[whether] my help will be helpful. 이 맞다.

9. ⑤ '반면에' / 나머지는 '~동안'

10. ① '~인지 아닌지' / 나머지는 '만일 ~라면'

11. ⑤ '~함에 따라' ①, ④ '~때문에' ② '~처럼/듯이' ③ '~할 때' 12. not only A but also B = B as well as A: A뿐 아니라

B 또한

13. if[whether]: ~인지 아닌지 / unless: 만일 ~아니라면 14. 주절 동사가 believe, think, expect, guess, suppose

등일 때는 의문사를 문장 맨 앞에 쓴다.

15. 의문사가 있는 경우 간접의문문은 '의문사+주어+동사'로 나타 낸다.

16. 의문사가 없는 경우 간접의문문은 'if[whether]+주어+동사' 로 나타낸다.

17. 시간을 나타내는 부사절에서는 미래의 뜻을 반드시 '현재시제' 로 나타낸다.

18. 의문사가 있는 경우 간접의문문은 '의문사+주어+동사'로 나타 낸다.

19. 주절 동사가 think, believe, expect, guess, suppose 등일 때는 의문사를 문장 맨 앞에 쓴다.

20. 시간을 나타내는 부사절에서는 미래의 뜻을 반드시 '현재시제' 로 나타낸다.

21. neither A nor B: A도 아니고 B도 아닌 / neither가 이미 부정의 의미를 담고 있기 때문에 부정문으로 쓰지 않는다.

22. Unless: 만일 ~아니라면 / B as well as A: A뿐 아니라 B 또한 / 의문사가 있는 경우 간접의문문은 '의문사+주어+동사' 로 나타낸다.

23. either A or B: A와 B 둘 중 하나

24. until: ~까지 / 시간을 나타내는 부사절에서는 미래의 뜻을 반드시 '현재시제'로 나타낸다.

25. 주절 동사가 think, believe, expect, guess, suppose 등일 때는 의문사를 문장 맨 앞에 쓴다.

CHAPTER

09 관계사

UNIT 01 ^{관계대명사}

UNIT 02 ^관계부사

UNIT 03 ^{주의해야 할 관계사}

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. X 3. O 4. X 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. O 9. O

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A 1. who laughs last 2. where it is the weakest 3. What is sweet, is often bitter 4. wherever you can save 5. whenever you must spend 6. which makes them hard later

B 1. whose dream was to become 2. whenever and wherever she was 3. What she did well, the house messed up by 4. with which the kids played 혹은 which the kids played with 5. the kids making trouble 6. The best thing that she did was

C 1. when I graduated from elementary school 2. where I had good time for six years 3. why the school has been closed 4. whose parents were farmers 5. that liked to play doctor 6. for which we were happy

D 1. whose son is a famous singer 2. (who is) known to many people 3. that nurse (who is)

smiling at me 4. who(m)[that] she is interested in 5. the reason why she puts 6. where you can get treated

E 1. ② why 2. ⑤ What 3. ⑥ which 4. ⑧ which

F ① 관계대명사 뒤에는 꼭 필요한 주어나 목적어가 없는 불완전 한 문장이 온다. ⑨ ‘주격 관계대명사+be동사+분사’일 때, ‘주 격 관계대명사+be동사’를 생략할 수 있다.

Advanced Practice

1. 사람/사물/동물이 선행사인 목적격 관계대명사다.

2. whenever: ~할 때마다

3. 사물/동물이 선행사인 목적격 관계대명사다.

4. 목적격 관계대명사 that은 전치사 뒤에 쓰지 못한다.

5. 계속적 용법으로 쓰인 관계대명사 which다. that은 계속적 용법으로 쓸 수 없다.

1. ② 2. ⑤ 3. ④ 4. ④ 5. ② 6. ① 7. ⑤ 8. ⑤ 9. ④ 10. ①, ⑤ 11. The hybrid cars that are selling like hot dogs are still expensive. 12. I don't know the reason why my uncle didn't buy a lottery ticket. - the reason 혹은 why 둘 중 하나를 생략할 수 있다. 13. The old man picked up everything that was thrown on the street. 14. Frank didn't eat the pizza which his wife made for him yesterday. 15. where 16. which 17. These students are the lovely ones of whom I am proud. 혹은 These students are the lovely ones (whom[that]) I am proud of. 18. Mom told me to buy whatever I liked. 혹은 Mom told me to buy anything that[which] I liked. 19. where → that 20. that → which / what

→ that 21. Whenever mothers meet 22.

However often they meet 23. What we did yesterday makes what we are 24. the day when a person who died yesterday wanted to live 25. went to Germany, where they succeeded

단원 마무리 테스트

A 1. Whenever 2. whomever 3. However 4. wherever

B 1. Whatever 2. whenever 3. However C 1. No matter when 2. no matter where

3. whatever 4. Whoever

D 1. Whoever comes first 2. whatever he wanted to do 3. Whenever I go to 4. however hard I try

C 1. who didn't answer them at all 2. where he thought about her 3. which she didn't know about

D 1. whom every boy fell for 2. the girls known 3. about whom she never talks 4. where she often walks

UNIT 04 ^{복합관계사}

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A 1. had 2. had helped 3. had done 4. thought

B 1. Nick solved money problems 2. he hadn't sold his house for business 3. he knew about business 4. he had listened to his wife's advice C 1. had studied 2. didn't waste 3. played

4. had not checked

D 1. It's time my son thought 2. My son behaves as if he were 3. I had been a better model

A 1. But 2. to try 3. Were it not for 4. Had we lost

B 1. Were he with us now 2. Without the quick service 3. Had she stopped speaking like that 4. Had it not been for her advice

6. ① any thing → any thing that 혹은 whatever 혹은 whichever로 고쳐야 한다.

7. ⑤ the way와 how 둘 중 하나를 생략해야 한다.

8. ⑤ Whomever → Whoever

9. 앞에는 which, that이 올 수 있고, 뒤에는 which가 올 수 있다. that은 계속적 용법으로 쓸 수 없으므로 뒤에 올 수 없다.

10. ① That → What ⑤ that → whom 혹은 the tallest boy that most girls showed interest in이 맞다.

11. ‘주격 관계대명사+be동사+분사’일 때 관계대명사와 be동사 를 같이 생략할 수 있다.'

12. 선행사가 reason일 경우 선행사나 관계부사를 생략할 수 있다.

13. ‘주격 관계대명사+be동사+분사’일 때 관계대명사와 be동사 를 같이 생략할 수 있다.

14. 목적격 관계대명사는 생략할 수 있다.

15. 장소를 나타내는 명사가 왔으므로 where가 맞고, 여기서 where는 계속적 용법으로 쓰였다.

16. 앞 문장 전체를 선행사로 가지므로 which가 맞고, 여기서 which는 계속적 용법으로 쓰였다.

17. 목적격 관계대명사 whom은 생략할 수 있지만, 전치사가 앞에 오는 경우 생략할 수 없다. 또한 that은 전치사가 앞에 오는 경우 쓸 수 없다.

18. whatever=anything that[which]: ~하는 것은 무엇이나 19. 선행사 앞에 the only가 있을 때는 대부분을 관계대명사

that으로 쓴다. 또한, visit은 목적어를 갖는 동사인데 목적어 가 없는 불완전한 문장이므로 where는 적합하지 않다.

20. that은 계속적 용법으로 쓸 수 없다. / what 앞에는 선행사가 올 수 없다.

21. Whenever: ~할 때마다 22. However: 아무리 ~하더라도

23. 관계대명사 what은 앞에 선행사가 올 수 없고, 그 뜻은 ‘~것’

으로 ‘the ting(s) that[which]와 같다.

24. 관계부사 when은 시간을 나타내는 명사를 선행사로 갖는다.

25. 관계부사 where는 장소를 나타내는 명사를 선행사로 갖는다.

여기서 where는 계속적 용법으로 쓰였다.

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. O 4. X 5. O 6. O 7. X 8. O

A 1. were 2. would have punched 3. will 4. would not meet

B 1. had 2. would have 3. had not wasted 4. wouldn't be

C 1. didn't hate, could eat 2. had used, wouldn't have liked 3. hadn't stayed, wouldn't feel D 1. were, would[might] be 2. had not loved,

might have become 3. had not worked, could not enjoy

CHAPTER

10 가정법

UNIT 02 I wish, as if, It's time+가정법

UNIT 03 ^{주의해야 할 가정법}

UNIT 01 가정법 과거, 가정법 과거완료,

혼합 가정법

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C 1. A good doctor 2. to meet good doctors 3. With trust

D 1. What would happen without typhoons 2. Had it not been for 3. Animal lovers would not abandon

A 1. had not had, could have eaten 2. I wish I had had 3. mom talks as if I had eaten 4. had seen, would not say 5. eats as if she were 6. But for, would look

B 1. talked as if she hadn't studied 2. If she hadn't studied, would be 3. I wish she didn't tell 4. Had I known, would have studied 5. A good friend would not have told 6. Were she I, how would she feel 7. It's time we helped

C 1. didn't occur, couldn't live 2. could be 3. had liked 4. had said, would[could, might] have known 5. had not lost 6. had not snowed, would not be

D 1. would you do 2. were 3. as if you were 4. didn't tell 5. it were 6. Were I 7. would travel 8. had not lived 9. wouldn't feel E 1. ③ could help

F ③ 혼합가정은 과거의 일이 현재까지 영향을 줄 때 쓴다.

Advanced Practice

mistakes 24. hip hop dancing were included 25. Had I read / would have enjoyed

1. ④ 2. ③ 3. ③ 4. ② 5. ④ 6. ③ 7. ③ 8. ② 9. ③ 10. ① 11. ③ 12. ③ 13. didn't drive, could have 14. had called 15. don't have 16. ① 17. have tried → had tried 18. met

→ had met 19. will begin → began 20. watched

→ had watched 21. we said 22. it not for / I could not enjoy 23. Fools would repeat the same

단원 마무리 테스트

1. 혼합 가정법: If+주어+had+p.p, 주어+would/could/ might+동사원형 / 접속사 if를 생략할 경우 그 뒤에서 주어와 동사의 위치가 바뀐다.

2. I wish+가정법 과거완료: I wish+주어+had+p.p

3. 가정법 과거완료: If+주어+had+p.p, 주어+would/could/ might+have+p.p

4. It's time+가정법: It's time+주어+과거동사 5. as if 가정법 과거완료: as if+주어+had+p.p 6. ③ get up → got up

7. ③ If it had not been for 혹은 Had it not been for가 맞다.

8. 혼합 가정법: If+주어+had+p.p, 주어+would/could/ might+동사원형

9. as if 가정법 과거완료: as if+주어+had+p.p

10. But for, Without, Were it not for, If it were not for:

~이 없다면

11. 가정법의 if절을 대신하여 부사구를 쓸 수 있다.

12. 가정법의 if절을 대신하여 부정사구를 쓸 수 있다.

13. 가정법 과거: If+주어+과거동사, 주어+would/could /might+동사원형

14. I wish+가정법 과거완료: I wish+주어+had+p.p 15. as if 가정법 과거: as if+주어+과거동사

16. With로 쓰면 ‘있었다면’이기 때문에 틀리다.

17. 혼합 가정법: If+주어+had+p.p, 주어+would/could /might+동사원형

18. as if 가정법 과거완료: as if+주어+had+p.p 19. It's time+가정법: It's time+주어+과거동사 20. I wish+가정법 과거완료: I wish+주어+had+p.p 21. It's time+가정법: It's time+주어+과거동사

22. If it were not for[Without]에서 If를 생략하여 주어와 동사의 위치가 바뀌었다. / 가정법 과거: If+주어+과거동사 23. 본래는 If they were fools, they would repeat the

same mistakes.이나 가정법 조건절을 대신하는 명사주어 를 활용한 경우다.

24. I wish+가정법 과거: I wish+주어+과거동사

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A 1. know (that) ten years is 2. Achieving[To achieve] a number of things is 3. learned, is 4. Grandfather said that many countries helped 5. asked parents if[whether] they had studied 6. asked, why the number of, was[is] decreasing

B 1. Picking up four-leaf clovers was fun 2. asked me if I had picked 3. them not to be interested 4. that a four-leaf clover is 5. if they knew why 6. said that they would concentrate

C 1. what his purpose of visiting Korea was 2. that he had come to enjoy his holiday there 3. if[whether] he had any friend or relative in Korea 4. that he had a few friends in Daejeon, Jeonju, and Busan 5. how long he would stay there 6. that his holiday is[was] one month long 7. to have a good time in Korea

D 1. is too much 2. not to say like that 3. why you say this 4. he had never seen 5. thinks 6. opens

E 1. ① if 2. ③ not to pig 3. ④ if two million won was 4. ⑥ how he could be 5. ⑦ plastic surgeon says 6. ⑧ are

F ① every 뒤에는 반드시 ‘단수명사+단수동사’가 와야 한다.

② 복수형의 국가이름, 학문의 이름, 시간, 거리, 금액, 무게 모두 다 단수다.

Advanced Practice

and their 2. asked him why he didn't want 3. asked him if[whether] there was anyone else he loved 4. told[advised, asked] her not to get him 5. asked her who loved her more than him 6. told her that he had loved, loved, and would love only her

C 1. told him that he had not answered 2. said, had made 3. said, was 4. told him to share

A 1. if 2. told 3. why he had said 4. not to expect

B 1. told her that he was happy because of her 25. 가정법 과거완료: If+주어+had+p.p, 주어+would/could

/might+have+p.p / 접속사 if를 생략할 경우 그 뒤에서 주어와 동사의 위치가 바뀐다.

A 1. is 2. is 3. want 4. is

B 1. are → is 2. belongs → belong 3. economists say → economist says 4. are → is

C 1. are 2. gives, is 3. is 4. is

D 1. The Philippines is 2. What they did, was 3. The number, is increasing 4. Being, is

A 1. is 2. broke 3. would 4. had B 1. had hit 2. gives 3. [had] hit 4. make C 1. is 2. was 3. would be able to live 4. had

lived

D 1. heard, are 2. reported, enjoy 3. learned, established 4. knew, would be

CHAPTER

일치와 화법

11

UNIT 01 ^{수의 일치}

UNIT 02 ^{시제의 일치}

UNIT 03 ^화법

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. O 3. O 4. X 5. X 6. O

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1. ⑤ 2. ② 3. ④ 4. ① 5. ④ 6. ④ 7. ④ 8. ⑤ 9. ③ 10. ① 11. ① 12. ④ 13. The teacher asked us when we felt happy. 14. He told[advised] me to start to study as soon as I took a seat. 15. He told me (that) he had done so in his school days and had gotten good grades. 16. don't eat → not to eat 17. were → was 18. has met → had met 19. are → is 20. is → are 21. asked her if[whether] watching movies was 22. Is ten million dollars big enough to change 23. told him that her ten million dollars is 24. was to be used 25. didn't ask him how he would use

단원 마무리 테스트

1. 의문문의 간접화법 전환에서 의문사가 없는 경우: 'ask+(목적 어)+if[whether]+주어+동사‘

2. 명령문의 간접화법 전환: tell[ask, advise, order]+목적어 +to+동사원형

3. 일반적으로 주절의 시제가 과거인 경우 종속절의 시제는 과거나 과거완료를 쓸 수 있다.

4. 일반적 사실은 언제나 현재시제를 쓴다.

5. 역사적 사실은 언제나 과거시제를 쓴다.

6. ④ are → is / 동명사구 주어는 단수 취급한다.

7. ④ are → is / the number of+복수명사는 단수 취급한다.

8. ⑤ had become → became / 역사적 사실은 언제나 과거 시제를 쓴다.

9. ③ have ever been → had ever been

10. 동명사구 주어는 단수 취급한다. / a number of+복수명사 는 복수 취급한다.

11. every는 단수 취급한다. / the+형용사는 복수 취급한다.

12. 복수의 거리는 주어가 be동사일 경우 단수 취급한다. / the number of+복수명사는 단수 취급한다.

13. 의문문의 간접화법에서 의문사가 있는 경우: 'ask+(목적어)+

의문사+주어+동사‘

14. 명령문의 간접화법 전환: ‘tell[ask, advise, order]+목적 어+to+동사원형’

15. 평서문의 간접화법 전환: 'tell+목적어+(that)+주어+동사' 16. 부정명령문의 간접화법 전환: ‘tell[ask, advise, order]+목

적어+not+to+동사원형’

17. 복수의 금액은 주어가 be동사일 경우 단수 취급한다.

18. 일반적으로 주절의 시제가 과거인 경우 과거시제는 과거완료 로 바꾼다.

19. 복수형의 학문 이름은 단수 취급한다.

20. (both) A and B가 주어인 경우 복수 취급한다.

21. 의문문의 간접화법 전환에서 의문사가 없는 경우: 'ask+(목적 어)+if[whether]+주어+동사‘

22. 간접화법이 아닌 직접화법인 경우다.

23. 복수의 금액은 주어가 be동사일 경우 단수 취급한다. / 일반 적 사실은 언제나 현재시제를 쓴다.

24. 일반적으로 주절의 시제가 과거인 경우 종속절의 시제는 과거 나 과거완료를 쓸 수 있다.

25. 의문문의 간접화법에서 의문사가 있는 경우: 'ask+(목적어)+

의문사+주어+동사‘

A 1. does make 2. stink 3. bad

B 1. did spend 2. is the Internet that Molly surfs in the kitchen 3. was in the living room that her dogs barked hard

C 1. all 2. every 3. None

D 1. A woman's mind and winter wind change 2. may die, but old men must die 3. A smart spouse is not always good 4. It is not the beard that makes

CHAPTER

기타 구문

12

UNIT 01 강조, 부정구문, 병렬

Finishing Touch

1. O 2. X 3. O 4. O 5. O 6. O 7. O 8. O

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