볼리비아 약사
1. 스페인 식민시대 이전 .
ㅇ BC 2 BC 10
ㅇ .
ㅇ BC 800 Chavin
, Tiwanaku
(AD 7-13 ) Wari (AD 8-12 )
ㅇ Tiwanaku ,
7 Aymara (AD 12-16 )
- Aymara Arequipa, Puno
La Paz, Oruro, Cochabamba .
ㅇ 15 Cusco
Inca (Quechua )
- 15 -16 ,
, ,
ㅇ 1 Collasuyo
4
2. 스페인 식민시대
o 1535 Diego de Almagro Cusco
, Diego de Almagro Francisco Pizarro
o 1538 Francisco Pizarro ,
,
1545 (銀)
- (Sucre 1538 , Potosi 1545 , La Paz
1548 ) , 17
Potosi 1574 12
o Alto Peru( )
- 1544 (Viceroy)
, 18 Nueva Granada( , ), Rio de la Plata
( ) 170
o 1776
o 1780-81 , Tupac
Katari
,
, ,
( 19 )
o 16 17 △
, △ , △
· , 19
o 1806 , 1809.7
3. 독립 이후
o 19 ,
(Criollo) ,
( ) ,
o 1825.8.6 Simon Bolivar Antonio Jose de Sucre
o 1826 Bolivar ,
Sucre
o , 1829
Mariscal Andres de Santa Cruz
, 1839 10 ․
o 1836 , ,
, 1839 1
o 1841 Ballivian
o Ballivian ,
o 19
, 1873-95
o 1857 Linares ,
Linarista ,
o 1879-83 (Guerra
del Pacifico) ,
( 1904
)
4. 태평양 전쟁 이후 근대사
o 1879 · 1880
, 1936
- 1884-1899 1899
o 1899-1920
o , 1932-35 Chaco ,
40% , ․
o 1951 1952
74% 3
, 1952.4
- ,
o 1952 Estenssoro (MNR) , 1952-56 1960-64 2
, Barrientos 1969
o 1969 Barrientos 1970.10
Torres , ,
․ , ,
· , ,
o 1971.8 Hugo Banzer Torres
, Banzer 8.22
o Torres
, Banzer 1967 Che Guevara
(Army of National Liberation)
o 1977.11 Banzer 1978.7.9.
180
o 1978.7.21. , Juan Pereda
, Banzer 3
, 3
Pereda ,
o 1978.11.23. David Padilla Arancibia
, 1978.7.21. Pereda
o , Padilla 1979.1.1.
7
8.1
3 ( (UDP) Hernán Siles Zuazo,
(MNR) Víctor Paz Estenssoro, (ADN) Hugo Banzer )
- 5 ,
3
, Walter Guevara
1980.5.4.
o 1979.11.1. Alberto Natusch Busch
(Banzer ) , Walter
Guevara
, 11.16
, Lidia Gueiler Tejada
80.6.29.
o , 1980.6.29 13
, 7.17 Lidia Gueiler Tejada
, Lidia Gueiler Tejada 3
, Luis Garcia Meza
o 1981.5.11, 5.26, 6.27 8.3 ,
Meza 1981.8.4. Waldo Bernal
3 , 3
9.4 Celso Torrelio Villa
o Torrelio (1981.9.4-82.7.20) ,
1982.7.14. , 3 7.19.
Guido Vildoso Calderón
o Guido Valdoso Calderón ․
1982.10.4.
o (MNR)
Hernán Siles Zuazo , 10.10.
- , ,
( ) ,
, , Siles
, 1985.7 1 ,
o 1985.7 , Paz Estenssoro (MNR
) , MIR
( ) ,
(ADN: ) “ ”
, ,
,
o 1989.5.7.
, 1 (ADN)
Banzer 2
(MIR) Jaime Paz Zamora 1989.8.3.
o 1993.6.6 (MNR) Gonzalo Sánchez
de Lozada 36% ,
(UCS) (MBL)
- Sánchez 1993.8.6. , ․
(Participación Popular), , ,
o 1997.6.1 22.62% ADN( ) Hugo
Banzer Suárez MIR( ), UCS( ),
CONDEPA( ) , 157
118
o 1997.8 Banzer Suarez 2001.8 Jorge Quiroga
o 2002.8 (MNR) Gonzalo Sanchez
de Lozada , ,
· , ,
- 2002.9 ,
- 2003.2 , , ,
, , 100
o 2003.9.15. Tarija ,
, Gonzalo Sanchez
( 68 , 400 ), ‘
10 ’
