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(1)

 ¼ # t + þ A 7 Hë  H  Sae Mulli (The Korean Physical Society), Volume 49, Number 6, 2004¸   12 Z 4, pp. 451∼453

s

ð ' [ õ u § T  “ Ó Þ” X ¢ 4  ¶ ˆ õ —  Þ Ì g ¶  ¥ X c l Ž Ò ÞÌ ¦ RP 8 ý Ä Z ØV Ä

™

»` 9 ' å 

ƒ 

[ j@ /† < Ɠ § Ó ü t o † < Æõ , " é ¶ Å Ò 220-710 (2004¸   11 Z 4 20{ 9  ~ à Î6 £ §)

3 > h $ í } \  ¦ — ¸4 S q– Ð # Œ [ j@ /\  ¦ : Ÿ xô  Ç a ž =ƒ  _  ™ D ¥½ + Ë õ & ñ `  ¦ ƒ  ½ ¨ % i  . 3> h_  $ í } \  ¦ 3 > h $ í ì  r`  ¦ 

”

  >  7 ˜' (family vector)– Ð & ñ _  “ ¦ s  7 ˜' \  [ j@ / B jà Ôa Ë :Û ¼(generation matrix)\  ¦  Œ •6   x r ( ” Ü ¼

–

Ð+ ‹  6 £ § [ j@ / 7 ˜' \  ¦ ½ ¨   H ”   oõ & ñ `  ¦ µ 1 Ï|  % i  . [ j@ /  [ þ v| ¨ c à º2 Ÿ ¤ [ j@ / 7 ˜'   H " é ¶ A  [ j@ /_ 

>  7 ˜' _  ½ + Ë ~ ½ ӆ ¾ Ó\  ] X   H   H  כ `  ¦ › ' a¹ 1 Ï % i  . s  ~ ½ ÓZ O “ É r † ¾ ÓÊ ê “  À Ó_  Ä »„  & h    † < Ês   | 9 ¨ 8 Š s  [

j@ /\  ¦ : Ÿ x # Œ # Qb  G>  „   ÷ &  H \  ¦ ƒ  ½ ¨   H  _  ~ ½ ÓZ O s  | ¨ c à º e ”  .

PACS numbers: 87.10.+e, 87.23.Kg, 87.90.+y Keywords: > ™ D ¥½ + Ë, >  7 ˜' , [ j@ /' Ÿ § > =, Ä »„  & h    † < Ê

“

 ç ß –“ É r   É r 1 l xÓ ü t[ þ t õ   ð ø Ít – Ð a ž =ƒ  & h Ü ¼– Ð €   >  _   | à Ð[ þ t õ    ™ D ¥ # Œ M ® o  . s  Qô  Ç ‰ & ³ © œ“ É r 4 Ÿ ¤¸ ú šô  Ç DNA

›

¸½ + Ë`  ¦ : Ÿ x # Œ  œ É r Ä »„   + þ A| 9 s  „  s  | ¨ c 0 p x$ í `  ¦ ×  ¦ s

“ ¦ a % ~“ É r Ä »„   \  ¦ µ 1 τ  r v   H ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼– Ð s K ÷ &“ ¦ e ” 



. “  ç ß –“ É r s  Qô  Ç õ & ñ `  ¦ ^ ‰> & h Ü ¼– Ð µ 1 ÏÒ q tr v l  0 AK 

‘$ í (Surname)’s    H ^ ‰> \  ¦ “ ¦î ß – % i  .

þ

j  H \   H Ó ü t o   à º† < Æ`  ¦ Ò q tÓ ü t† < Æ& h “   õ & ñ \  ´ ú §s  s  6

 

xô  Ç  [1]. [ j@ /\  ¦ : Ÿ xô  Ç Ä »„  & h    † < Ês   | 9 ¨ 8 Š_  ”   oõ 

&

ñ `  ¦ Ó ü t o † < Æ_   © œ : r \ " f  š ¸  H > h¥ Æ “   renormalization group equation`  ¦ s 6   x # Œ S X ‰Ò  ¦& h “   ì  r$ 3  l • ¸ % i 



 [2–4]. # Œl " f  H a ž =: Ÿ x_  ™ D ¥½ + Ëõ & ñ _  { 9 ì ø Í& h “    © œS ! `  ¦ é

ß –í  H o ) a ^ ‰>  \ " f 7 ˜' ü < matrix\  ¦ s 6   x # Œ · ú ˜ 

˜

Г ¦  ô  Ç .



7 H_ \  [ þ t # Ql  · ú ¡" f # Œl " f  H 1 l x$ í ç ß –_    ™ D ¥“ É r F K t

  9 ë  H ] j\  ¦ ç ß –é ß – o l  0 A # Œ $ í }    É r  â Ä º  H

•

@ r à º\  › ' a > \ O s    ™ D ¥½ + É Ã º e ”   H  כ Ü ¼– Ð ô  Ç . • @ r à º\  ¦   t

>  ÷ &€   a ž =ƒ  \  › ' aº   ) a > h“  _  7 á ¤› ' a > \  ¦ — ¸¿ º · ú ˜ 



   H X < # Œl " f  H >  „  ^ ‰_  ¨ î ç  H& h “    © œS ! ë ß –`  ¦ “ ¦



9 “ ¦ > h“  & h “    © œS ! “ É r Æ ÒÊ ê õ ] j– Ð z Œ ™|   .

3 > h_  $ í } \  ¦ A, B, C   “ ¦ y Œ • $ í } _   | à Рà º\  ¦ y Œ • y

Œ

• N 1 , N 2 , N 3  “ ¦ & ñ  . Õ ª Q€   ‘0’  P : [ j@ / 7 ˜' 

\

 ¦  6 £ § õ  ° ú  s  & ñ _ ½ + É Ã º e ”  .

A 0 = (N 1 , 0, 0), B 0 = (0, N 2 , 0), C 0 = (0, 0, N 3 ). (1)

#

Œl " f y Œ • 7 ˜'   H y Œ • > _  a ž =: Ÿ x`  ¦    · p .  ð ø Ít 

–

Ð ô  Ç > _  > h“  \  › ' aº   ) a 7 ˜'   H  6 £ § õ  ° ú  s  & ñ _  ) a

E-mail: [email protected]



.

A a 0 = (1, 0, 0), B 0 b = (0, 1, 0), C 0 c = (0, 0, 1). (2)

#

Œl " f ' ‘   a, b, c  H y Œ •y Œ • (a = 1, · · · , N 1 ), (b = 1, · · · , N 2 ), (c = 1, · · · , N 3 )_  # 3 0 A\  ¦ ° ú   H  . Õ ª Q  s 



7 Hë  H \ " f  H > h“  & h “   ? /6   x“ É r  À Òt  · ú §“ ¦ ô  Ç > _  ¨ î ç

 H& h “   › ' a > ë ß –`  ¦ “ ¦ 9½ + É  כ s  . > h“  & h “   õ & ñ “ É r † ¾ ÓÊ ê

ƒ 

½ ¨\ " f Monte Carlo simulation`  ¦  6   x >  | ¨ c  כ s  .

>  7 ˜' _  { 9 ì ø Í& h “   ' Ÿ I \  ¦ ˜ Ðl  0 AK " f  6 £ § Y > > h _  & ñ `  ¦ ô  Ç .

1. A > _   | à Ð[ þ t“ É r B ¢ ¸  H C > _   | à Ð[ þ t õ ë ß –

 

™ D ¥`  ¦ ô  Ç  (1 l x$ í 1 l x‘ : rF K t ). s  ½ ©Ö  ¦“ É r B ü < C\ • ¸ > á ¤

°

ú  s  & h 6   x ) a  .

2. y Œ • > _  — ¸Ž  H  | à Ð[ þ t s    ™ D ¥ô  Ç .

3. y Œ • > _  z Œ ™ ._  à º  H ° ú   . (N i “ É r ‹ Œ •à º ÷ &# Q  ô 

Ç .)

4. y Œ • > _   | à Рà º  H    t  · ú §  H  .

& ñ 2ü < & ñ 3Ü ¼– РÒ'  N i   H „  ^ ‰  | à Рà º_  ì ø ͘ Ð 



Œ •   † < Ê`  ¦ · ú ˜ à º e ”  . 7 £ ¤, N i ≤ ( P

j N j )/2. ¢ ¸ô  Ç, — ¸

Ž

 H  | à Ðs    ™ D ¥  9 # Œ$ í “ É r   ™ D ¥ õ   8Ô  ¦ # Q > \  ¦ `  …|  



“ ¦ Ò q ty Œ • €   y Œ • > _  › ' a& h \ " f s  > \  ¦  š ¸  H # Œ

$ í

õ  s  > – Ð [ þ t # Q  H # Œ$ í _  à º  H ° ú     ô  Ç .

>  A– Ð [ þ t # Q  H  | à Ð_  8 ú x à º  H N 1 /2 s “ ¦  ð ø Í

t

– Ð B\  @ /K " f  H N 2 /2, C \  @ /K " f  H N 3 /2 s  . s 

\

 ¦ & ñ o  €   N 1

2 = x 12 + x 13 , N 2

2 = x 21 + x 23 , N 3

2 = x 31 + x 32 . (3)

-451-

(2)

-452- ô  Dz D GÓ ü t o † < Æ rt  “D hÓ ü t o ”, Volume 49, Number 6, 2004¸   12 Z 4

#

Œl " f, x ij   H >  j\ " f > i– Ð `  … l   H # Œ$ í _  à ºs  .

Õ ü

w   1,2,3  H y Œ •y Œ • >  A, B, C\  ¦    · p . y Œ • > \ 

"

f  š ¸  H  | à Ð[ þ t_  à º\  @ /K " f• ¸ q 5 p wô  Ç › ' a > d ” s  $ í w n

ô  Ç .

N 1

2 = x 21 + x 31 , N 2

2 = x 12 + x 32 , N 3

2 = x 13 + x 23 . (4) y

Œ • > _   | à Рà º [ j@ /\        t  · ú §Ü ¼Ù ¼– Ð › ' a

>

d ”  (3)õ  (4)_  + þ AI   H — ¸Ž  H [ j@ /\  @ / # Œ ° ú   . é ß –t 

 

à º x ij  ^ ‰  H [ j@ /\       É r ° ú כ`  ¦ ”   .

ô 

Ç [ j@ / Ê ê\  >  7 ˜'   H  6 £ § õ  ° ú   .

A 1 = ( N 1

2 , x 12 , x 13 ), B 1 = (x 21 , N 2

2 , x 23 ), C 1 = (x 31 , x 32 , N 3

2 ). (5)

‘0’ [ j@ / >  7 ˜' ü < ‘1’[ j@ / >  7 ˜'   s _  › ' a > – Ð Â

Ò'  [ j@ / matrix (generation matrix) ˜ G\  ¦  6 £ § õ  ° ú  s 

&

ñ _ ½ + É Ã º e ”  .

A 1 ≡ ˜ GA 0 , B 1 ≡ ˜ GB 0 , C 1 ≡ ˜ GC 0 . (6) 0

A_  › ' a > d ” \ " f  6 £ §_  [ j@ / matrix ˜ G\  ¦ % 3 `  ¦ à º e ”  .

G = ˜

1 2

x

12

2N

1

x

13

2N

1

x

21

2N

2

1 2

x

23

2N

2

x

31

2N

3

x

32

2N

3

1 2

 = 1 2

1 x N

12

1

x

13

N

1

x

21

N

2

1 x N

23

x

31 2

N

3

x

32

N

3

1

 (7) [

j@ / matrix  H x ij – Ð   è ­ q à º e ” Ü ¼Ù ¼– Ð e ” _  [ j@ /_ 

>  7 ˜'   H Õ ª f ” „   >  7 ˜' ü < [ j@ / matrix\  ¦ s 6   x 

#

Œ % 3 `  ¦ à º e ”  . Õ ª Q    à º x ij   H [ j@ / n\  Á º Œ •0 A– Ð _

” > r Ù ¼– Ð [ j@ / matrix ¢ ¸ô  Ç [ j@ / n\  Á º Œ •0 A– Ð _ ” > rô  Ç



. (  ™ D ¥“ É r p o    & ñ ÷ &t  · ú §  H  .)

A n+1 = ˜ G(x ij (n))A n , B n+1 = ˜ G(x ij (n))B n , C n+1 = ˜ G(x ij (n))C n . (8) [

j@ / matrix\  ¦ ½ ¨ l  0 AK " f  H 6 > h_    à º x ij \  ¦ · ú ˜



  ô  Ç . d ”  (3)õ  (4)\ " f ^  ¦ à º e ” 1 p w s  # Œl \   H 6 > h _

   à º, x 12 , x 13 , x 21 , x 23 , x 31 , x 32 \  @ / # Œ 6> h_  d ”  s

 e ”  . Ô  ¦' Ÿ y • ¸ 6> h d ” _  > à º[ þ t_  ' Ÿ § > =d ” “ É r ‘0’ s # Q

"

f K   H    m  .  z  ´, & ñ à º_  x\  @ / # Œ ´ ú §“ É r K

 0 p x  .

Õ

ª Q  z  ´] j– Ð K $ 3 † < Æ& h “   K \  ¦ ½ ¨ t  · ú § 8 • ¸ >  7 ˜' [ þ t_  F Gô  Ç\ " f_  ' Ÿ I \  ¦ Æ Ò8 £ ¤½ + É Ã º e ”  . (n → ∞)

A = N 1

(N 1 + N 2 + N 3 ) (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 ), B = N 2

(N 1 + N 2 + N 3 ) (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 ), C = N 3

(N 1 + N 2 + N 3 ) (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 ). (9)

Table 1. Family Vectors in Generation: Solution 1.

[

j@ / A B C

1 (20.00,15.00,5.00) (10.00,15.00,5.00) (10.00,0.00,10.00) 2 (17.50,15.00,7.50) (12.50,11.25,6.25) (10.00,3.75,6.25) 3 (17.50,14.06,8.44) (13.13,10.31,6.56) (9.38,5.63,5.00) 6 (17.76,13.36,8.88) (13.33,10.00,6.67) (8.91,6.64,4.46) 10 (17.78,13.33,8.89) (13.33,10.00,6.67) (8.89,6.67,4.44)

Table 2. Family Vectors in Generation: Solution 2.

[

j@ / A B C

1 (20.00,12.00,8.00) (13.00,15.00,2.00) (7.00,3.00,10.00) 2 (18.00,13.20,8.80) (13.70,11.70,4.60) (8.30,5.10,6.60) 3 (17.80,13.32,8.88) (13.53,10.65,5.82) (8.67,6.03,5.30) 6 (17.78,13.33,8.89) (13.35,10.04,6.61) (8.88,6.63,4.50) 10 (17.78,13.33,8.89) (13.33,10.00,6.67) (8.89,6.67,4.45)

0

A_  3> h_  >  7 ˜' [ þ t“ É r ‘0’ [ j@ / >  7 ˜' [ þ t_  ½ + Ë\ 

¨ î

' Ÿ   . ¢ ¸ô  Ç, s  7 ˜' [ þ t_  ½ + ˓ É r ‘0’ [ j@ / 7 ˜' [ þ t_  ½ + Ë õ

 ° ú   . A + B + C = A 0 + B 0 + C 0 .

>  7 ˜'  [ j@ / ”   o† < Ê\     # Qb  G>     o   H t

 · ú ˜l  0 AK  N 1 = 40, N 2 = 30, N 3 = 20“   \ V\  ¦ Ò q ty Œ •K 

˜

Ð . d ”  (9)\   Ø Ô€   n → ∞“   F Gô  Ç\ " f_  >  7 ˜' 

\

 ¦ ™ èà º& h  ¿ º  o  t    ? /€    6 £ § õ  ° ú   .

A = (17.78, 13.33, 8.89), B = (13.33, 10.00, 6.67), C = (8.89, 6.67, 4.44). (10) d ”

 (3)ü < (4)\  ¦ mathematica\  ¦ s 6   x # Œ Û  ¦% 3  . 6> h_  Â

Ò& ñ ~ ½ Ó& ñ d ” \ " f 6> h_    à º ×  æ ô  Ç   à º\  # Q‹ "  ° ú כ`  ¦ Å Ò

#

Q" f É Ò  H ~ ½ Ód ” \ " f  H # Œ Q > h_  K  0 p x  . ³ ð\   H

¿

º> h_  K \  › ' aô  Ç ”   o õ & ñ ë ß –`  ¦ ˜ Ð% i  . # Œl  ³ ð\   H  

? /t  · ú §€ Œ ¤Ü ¼    É r 0 p xô  Ç K [ þ t • ¸ — ¸¿ º ° ú  “ É r { 9 ì ø Í& h 

“

  ' Ÿ I \  ¦ ˜ Ð% i  . ³ ð\ " f ' Í P : \ P “ É r [ j@ /(generation)\  ¦, A \ P “ É r K { © œ [ j@ /_  A 7 ˜' \  ¦   ? /“ ¦ Bü < C \ P \  @ / K

" f• ¸  ð ø Ít s  .

¿

º ³ ð — ¸¿ º >  7 ˜' _  { 9 ì ø Í& h “   ' Ÿ I \  ¦ ˜ Ð# Œï  r  .

A n , B n , C n [ þ t“ É r y Œ •y Œ • A, B, C\   © œ{ © œy   Ø Ô>  à º§ 4 ô  Ç



. 7 £ ¤, y Œ • >  7 ˜' _  ~ ½ ӆ ¾ ӓ É r  Ø Ô>  A 0 + B 0 + C 0 = (40, 30, 20) 7 ˜' \  ] X   Hô  Ç . é ß –t  3[ j@ / Ê ê_  >  7 ˜'  A 3 , B 3 , C 3  A, B, C\   _  5 % ? /– Ð Ã º§ 4 † < Ê`  ¦ ^  ¦ à º e ”

 . z  ´] j > í ß –\ " f  H 30 [ j@ / t  K \  ¦ ½ ¨K ˜ Ѐ Œ ¤t ë ß –



_     o \ O # Q" f # Œl " f  H 10 [ j@ / t ë ß – ˜ Ð% i  . ¢ ¸ ô 

Ç # Œ Q 0 p xô  Ç K [ þ t_  ([ j@ /Z > ) › ¸½ + Ë\  e ” # Q" f• ¸   õ 



 H  _  s  \ O % 3  . s  \ V # Q‹ "  כ ¹™ è[ þ t(4 > h_  & ñ

‚

à Л ¸)`  ¦ z  ´] j\  q K   -Á º é ß –í  H oô  Ç 8 £ ¤€  s  e ” t ë ß – > 

(3)

 ¼ # t + þ A 7 Hë  H  7 ˜' \  ¦ s 6   xô  Ç >  a ž =: Ÿ x ™ D ¥½ + Ë  Œ •1 l x" é ¶ o _  ì  r$ 3  – ^ ” ‚  " î -453-

_

 a ž =: Ÿ x_  ™ D ¥½ + Ë_  { 9 ì ø Í& h “   + þ AI \   H    o \ O  “ ¦ Ò q t y

Œ

•ô  Ç .

>  a ž =: Ÿ x ™ D ¥½ + Ë " é ¶ o   H ç ß –é ß – t ë ß – ´ ú §“ É r 6 £ x6   x`  ¦ | 9  Ã

º e ”  .  8 ‰ & ³z  ´& h “   \ V[ þ t \  6 £ x6   x l  0 AK " f  H ^ ‰> & h 

“

  Monte Carlo ~ ½ ÓZ O `  ¦  6   x K   ½ + É  כ s  . ‰ & ³z  ´& h “  

 â

Ä ºê ø Í (1) 8 ´ ú §“ É r > [ þ t õ   | à Ð[ þ t s  e ” `  ¦  â Ä º, (2){ 9 

&

ñ à º_   | à Ðs    ™ D ¥ t  · ú §  H  â Ä º, (3)# Q‹ "  > \ " f Ô

 ¦ ½ ©g Ë :ô  Ç “  ½ ¨_  7 £ xy Œ ™s  e ”   H  â Ä º, (4)y Œ • > _  z Œ ™ . Ã

º_  q    É r  â Ä º, (5)• @ r à º\    É r   ™ D ¥ ) ‡6   x_   â Ä º 1

p

x1 p x s  .

s

 ~ ½ ÓZ O “ É r ¢ ¸ô  Ç # Œ Q Ò q tÓ ü t† < Æ& h “   ë  H ] j\  6 £ x6   x| ¨ c à º e ” 



. Ä »„  & h “     † < Ês   | 9 ¨ 8 Š_  [ j@ /\  ¦ : Ÿ xô  Ç „   \  ¦ · ú ˜l  0 AK  >  7 ˜'   H B Ä º ¼ # o   . 7 £ ¤, y Œ • > h“  _  >  7 ˜ '

  H Ä »„  & h “   ë  H ] j\  ¦ Æ Ò& h    H X <  6   x| ¨ c à º e ”  . \ V– Ð

‘Ò  oÐ q t’_  „   õ & ñ `  ¦ K $ 3    H  כ `  ¦ † ¾ ÓÊ ê ƒ  ½ ¨õ ] j– Ð Ò q t y

Œ • “ ¦ e ”  . s  כ “ É r ë  H‰  ³ [2]\ " f   É r ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼– Ð K $ 3  

%

i   H X < s  ë  H‰  ³\ " f % 3 “ É r   õ \  ¦ Ä ºo _  ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼– Ð K $ 3 

# Œ q “ §   H  כ “ É r _ p e ”   H { 9 s  .

Y >

[ j@ / Ê ê\  : £ ¤& ñ Ä »„  | 9 ¨ 8 Š[ þ t s  # Qb  G>  „   ÷ &“ ¦ ì  r

Ÿ

í | ¨ c  כ “  \  ¦    H  כ “ É r ² D G  _  | y © œ`  ¦ 0 AK  ² D G & h Ü ¼

–

Ð B Ä º ×  æ כ ¹ô  Ç { 9 s  . Ä ºo   H s  ~ ½ ÓZ O `  ¦ : Ÿ x # Œ Õ ª Q ô 

Ç  Œ •\ O `  ¦ Æ Ò”  ½ + É Ã º e ” l \  ¦  B} © œô  Ç .

P c

p 8 ý ò k >

s

 ƒ  ½ ¨  H ƒ  [ j† < ÆÕ ü tƒ  ½ ¨q _  t " é ¶ Ü ¼– Ð s À Ò# Q& ’  .

Y c

p w Š à U Ø ”  ô

[1] D. A. Z. Mekjian, Phys. Rev. A 44, 8361 (1991); A.

S. Perelson and G. Weisbuch, Rev. Mod. Phys. 69, 1219 (1997).

[2] S.P. Lee, M-H Chung, C. K. Kim and K. Nahm, Phys- ica A 291, 533 (2001)

[3] M-H Chung, S. P. Lee, C. K. Kim and K. Nahm, Phys. Rev. E 56, 865 (1997).

[4] M-H Chung, C. K. Kim and K. Nahm, Bioinfomatics 19, 256 (2003).

Analysis the Mechanism of Family Mixing by Using Vectors

Sun Myong Kim

Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710 (Received 20 November 2004)

We investigate the mechanism of family mixing in a generation in the three-family model. We define family vectors with three components and then find through evolution that a new genera- tion of family vectors is obtained from the previous generation of family vectors by applying the generation matrices generation after generation, the asymptotic vector of each family vector is in the direction of the sum of the initial (zeroth generational) three-family vectors. We consider that this will be a basic step toward the analysis of how genetic defects or diseases in humans propagate from generation.

PACS numbers: 87.10.+e, 87.23.Kg, 87.90.+y

Keywords: Family mixing, Family vector, Generation matrix, Genetic defects

E-mail: [email protected]

수치

Table 2. Family Vectors in Generation: Solution 2.

참조

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Holst, Sampling, Aliasing and Data Fi- delity (SPIE Optical Engineering Press, Washing- ton, 1998), Chap.. Holst, Sampling, Aliasing and Data Fi- delity (SPIE Optical Engineering

A plasma source using cw e-beams of low energies has been constructed, and the effects of the cathode current(21 ∼ 25 A) and the anode voltage(40 ∼ 80 V) on the plasma density and

We propose the viewpoint that an instantaneous action-at-a-distance interaction between two particles at rest is, indeed, the result of a local interaction of one particle with