—143—
INTRODUCTION
The family Serranidae, comprising three subfamilies of about 64 genera with about 475 species, are widely distributed tropical and temperate seas of the world (Nel- son, 2006). Among them, 12 genera with 29 species of serranid fishes were known in Korea (Kim et al., 2005;
Kim et al., 2009; Kim and Song, 2010; Myoung et al., 2013). Among 85 species of the genus Epinephelus dis- tributed in the world, 14 species of Epinephelus have been reported in Korea so far (Kim et al., 2005; Kim and Song, 2010; Eschmeyer, 2011). These Epinephelus spec- ies are of considerable economic value, and thus become a target species of coastal longline fisheries in Korea.
In this study, one specimen of Epinephelus radiatus was collected by a hook for the commercial longline fish- eries in Marado, locating about 11 km away from the south-western tip of Jeju Island, Korea. The morphologi- cal characteristics of E. radiatus were described to be added to the list of the Korean fish fauna. Counts and measurements followed the method of Nakabo (2002).
The examined specimen was deposited at the Fish Gene- tics and Breeding Laboratory, Jeju National University (JNU), Korea.
Epinephelus radiatus (Day, 1867) (New Korean name: Ma-ra-ba-ri)
(Fig. 1; Table 1)
Serranus radiatus Day, 1867: 699 (type locality: near Madras, India).
Epinephelus radiatus: Heemstra and Randall, 1986: 530 (Natal, Japan); Allen and Swainston 1988: 56 (North Western Australia); Lee, 1990: 52 (East China Sea);
Randall and Heemstra, 1991: 243 (Red sea, East Africa, Gulf of Oman, India, Western Australia, Japan); Hee- mstra and Randall, 1993: 222 (Hong Kong, Japan, Sri Lanka); Randall in Randall and Lim, 2000: 610 (South China Sea); Senou in Nakabo, 2002: 716 (Japan).
Material examined. JNU-315, one specimen, 371 mm in standard length (SL), off Marado, collected by long- line, Gapa-ri, Daejeong-eub, Jeju-si, Jeju-do, Korea. 15 April 2011.
Description. Dorsal fin rays XI, 14; anal fin rays III, 8; pectoral fin rays 16; ventral fin ray I, 5; lateral-line scales 55; scales in longitudinal row 107; gill rakers 8++ 15 (Table 1).
Measurements are shown as a percentage against stan- dard length: Body depth 35.1; body width 18.7; head length 40.7; upper jaw length 19.0; snout length 10.7;
eye dimeter 5.6; interorbital width 7.9; predorsal length 33.1; prepectoral length 38.7; preanal length 71.7; length of longest dorsal fin ray 13.6; length of longest pectoral
First Record of the Oblique-banded Grouper, Epinephelus radiatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) from Korea
By Song-Hun Han, Maeng Jin Kim
1and Choon Bok Song*
Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
1Subtropical Fisheries Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Jeju 690-192, Korea
ABSTRACT A single serranid specimen of Epinephelus radiatus was collected by a hook for the commercial longline fisheries occurred near Marado, Jeju Island, Korea. The present specimen was characterized by five irregular dark brown bands passing downward and forward from upper edge of body, scales in longitudinal row 107, and pored lateral line scales 55. This species is easily distinguishable from the morphologically similar Korean serranid species of E. poecilonotus based on band patterns on body. That is, the former has five irregular oblique dark-edged brown bands, and the latter has several long horizontal bands on lateral body. We propose a new Korean name, “Ma-ra-ba- ri,” for Epinephelus radiatus.
Key words : First record, Epinephelus radiatus, Serranidae, Jeju Island
*Corresponding author: Choon Bok Song Tel: 82-64-754-3471 Fax: 82-64-756-3493, E-mail: [email protected]
KOREAN JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY, Vol. 26, No. 2, 143-146, June 2014 ISSN: 1225-8598 (Print), 2288-3371 (Online)
Received: November 27, 2013 Revised: March 21, 2014 Accepted: June 21, 2014
http://www.fishkorea.or.kr
fin ray 21.5; length of longest anal fin ray 15.9; caudal peduncle depth 11.3; caudal peduncle length 15.5.
Both body and head are compressed; maxilla reaching to hind margin orbit; mid-lateral part of lower jaw with two rows of palatine teeth; posterior margin of preoper- cle serrated and five enlarged serrae at coner; three spines on opercle and one spine hided membrane; dorsal spines easily distinguished from rays; third dorsal spine longest;
second and third anal spines subequal; pelvic fins not reaching anus; caudal fin convex to moderately rounded.
Color when fresh. Grayish brown with five irregular oblique dark-edged brown bands; first band curvilinearly extending from upper half of orbit to nape; second band branching from first band just behind eye, crossing ante- rior dorsal margin of operculum, broadening on back and extending fourth dorsal spine; third band began basally to second band at opercular flap, expanding into posterior spinous of dorsal fin; fourth band runs from rear end of dorsal fin, branching at midside, with one branch going towards origin of anal fin, the other to rear end of base
of anal fin, fifth band on caudal peduncle, also branching ventrally.
Color after preservation. Grayish brown with five irregular oblique dark-edged brown bands paler than alive; expressly, margin of body paled.
Distribution. Widely known from Indo-West Pacific:
Red Sea, East Africa, Gulf of Oman, India, South China Sea, East China Sea, Japan (Heemstra and Randall, 1986;
Lee, 1990; Randall and Heemstra, 1991; Heemstra and Randall, 1993; Randall in Randall and Lim, 2000; Senou in Nakabo, 2002), North Western Australia (Allen and Swainston, 1988), and Korea (Jeju Island, present study) Remarks. The present specimen was characterized and easily distinguishable from similar species by having five irregular oblique dark-edged brown bands on body. The morphological characteristics of the specimen matched the species description given by previous studies (Randall and Heemstra, 1991; Senou in Nakabo, 2002), and all counts of the present specimen coincide with those of Randall and Heemstra (1991), but were partly different
144 Song-Hun Han, Maeng Jin Kim and Choon Bok Song
Fig. 1.Epinephelus radiatus, JNU-315, 371 mm SL, Marado, Jeju Island, Korea.
Table 1.Comparison of morphological characters of Epinephelus radiatus
Morphological characters Present study Day (1867) Lee (1990) Randall and
Heemstra (1991)
Standard length (mm) 371 102* 191 109-416
(n==1) (n==1, holotype) (n==1) (n==9)
Counts
Dorsal fin rays XI, 14 XI, 15 XI, 15 XI, 13-15
Anal fin rays III, 8 III, 8 II, 8 III, 8
Pectoral fin rays 17 19 18 17-18
Pored Lateral line scales 55 - - 52-66
Scales in longitudinal row 107 120 - 102-120
Gill rakers 9++17 - 8++15 8-9++16-18
* indicates total length instead of standard length.
10 cm
from those of Day (1867) and Lee (1990) (see Table 1) probably due to intra-specific variation of meristic char- acters and their examination with only one specimen. E.
radiatus is morphologically similar to E. poecilonotus, E. morrhua and E. tuamotuensis, and thus these four spec- ies are called as the members of “E. morrhua species- complex” which are often misidentified because they do not have obvious meristic and morphological characters that will separate them (Heemstra and Randall, 1993).
In the early days, Katayama (1960) suggested to classify them by using subspecies such as E. morrhua radiatus, E. morrhua morrhua, and E. morrhua poecilonotus. Later, Chen and Yu (1986) combined those three species into a single species of E. morrhua. However, other researchers, such as Lee (1990) and Heemstra and Randall (1993), considered E. morrhus species-complex as four separate species that can be distinguishable by using band patterns on the body. That is, E. radiatus differs from E. poecilo- notus and E. morrhua by the lack of horizontal band on body side (Lee, 1990), and is also distinguishable from E. tuamotuensis by having neither dark bands on postor- bital head or coarse reticulum on the body, but having diagonal bands passing to ventral part of body (Heemstra and Randall, 1993). Among four species of E. morrhua species-complex, E. poecilonotus and E. radiatus have been known to inhabit the southern coastal waters of Korean peninsula up to the present.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This research was supported by the 2014 scientific pro- motion funded by Jeju National University.
REFERENCES
Allen, G.R. and R. Swainston. 1988. The marine fishes of north-western Australia. A field guide for anglers and divers. Western Australian Mus., vi++201pp.
Chen, J.T.F and M.J. Yu. 1986. A synopsis of the vertebrates of Taiwan. Revised and enlarged ed. Vol. II, Commer- cial Books, Taipei, pp. 443-1092.
Day, F. 1867. On some new or imperfectly known fishes of India. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lon., pp. 699-707.
Eschmeyer, W.N. 2011. Catalog of fishes electronic version.
Available from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.
org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp., (accessed 18 Apr. 2011).
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall. 1986. Family No. 166: Ser- ranidae In: Smith M.M. and Randall J.E. (eds.), Smiths’
Sea Fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 509-537.
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall. 1993. Groupers of the World (Family Serranidae, Subfamily Epinephelinae); an annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. FAO Species Catalog 16. Rome. Catalog of groupers: viii++382pp., 31pls.
Kang, G.Y. and C.B. Song. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships among groupers (Genus Epinephelus) based on mito- chondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences. J. Kor. Fish.
Soc., 37: 414-422.
Katayama, M. 1960. Fauna Japonica. Serranidae (Pisces).
Tokyo News Service Ltd., Tokyo, vii++189pp., 86pls.
Kim, B.J., I.-S. Kim, K. Nakaya, M. Yabe, Y. Choi and H.
Imamura. 2009. Checklist of the fishes from Jeju Island, Korea. Bull. Fish. Sci. Hokkaido Univ., 59: 7- 36.
Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H. Kim.
2005. Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyohak Pub- lishing Co., Seoul, 613pp.
Kim, M.J. and C.B. Song. 2010. First record of Epinephelus areolatus (Perciformes: Serranidae) from Korea. Fish.
Aquat. Sci., 13: 340-342.
Lee, S.-C. 1990. A revision of the serranid fish (family Ser- ranidae) of Taiwan. J. Taiwan Mus., 43: 1-72.
Myung, J.-G., C.B. Kang, J.M. Yoo, E.K. Lee, S. Kim, C.-H.
Jeong and B.-I. Kim. 2013. First record of the giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus (Perciformes: Serra- nidae: Epinephelinae) from Jeju Island, South Korea.
Fish. Aquat. Sci., 16: 49-52.
Nakabo, T. 2002. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition, Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo, xxi-xlii.
Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the world. 4th edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 601pp.
Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra. 1991. Revision of Indo- Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephe- linae), with descriptions of five new species. Indo- Pacific Fishes, 20: 1-332.
Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim. 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool., 8: 569- 667.
Senou, H. 2002. Serranidae. In: Nakabo T.(ed.), Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species. English edi- tion. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo, pp. 690-731.
First Record of Epinephelus radiatus 145
한국산 바리과(family Serranidae) 어류 1 미기록종, Epinephelus radiatus
한송헌∙김맹진1∙송춘복
제주대학교 해양과학대학, 1국립수산과학원 아열대수산연구센터
요 약 :바리과(family Serranidae), 능성어아과(subfamily Epinephelinae)에 속하는 Epinephelus radiatus 1개체 가 제주도 서귀포시 마라도 주변 해역에서 채집되었다. 본 종은 체측을 가로지르는 5개의 불규칙한 암갈색의 대 각선 줄무늬와 측선비늘수 107개, 측선비늘공수 55개의 형태적 특징을 갖고 있다. 형태적으로 유사한 바리과 어 류인 닻줄바리(E. poecilonotus)는 체측에 긴 수평 줄무늬를 가지는 반면, E. radiatus는 체측의 앞에서 뒤쪽으로 대각선 모양의 불규칙한 줄무늬를 가지고 있어서 쉽게 구분할 수 있다. 이 종의 새로운 국명은 우리나라 최남단 섬인 마라도 인근 해역에서 처음으로 채집되었기 때문에 “마라바리”로 명명하였다.
찾아보기 낱말 :바리과, 마라바리, 미기록종, 제주도 146 Song-Hun Han, Maeng Jin Kim and Choon Bok Song
