영아반 운영 내실화를 위한 교사 지원 방안

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(3) 연구보고 2017-12. 영아반 운영 내실화를 위한 교사 지원 방안. 양미선 이윤진 장문영.

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(5) 머리말. 영아기는 전 생애에서 인지, 언어, 사회·정서, 신체 등 각 영역의 발달이 급속 하게 일어나는 시기이며, 개별적으로 발달 속도나 요구, 흥미도가 다르고 즉각 적인 만족과 소유욕, 자기 주장이 강한 시기이다. 따라서 영아를 담당하는 교사 의 역할은 유아교사보다 더 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 정부는 가족 특성이나 보육 필요에 따라 어린이집 이용시간을 차등화하는 맞 춤형보육을 2016년 하반기부터 실시하였다. 그러나 제도 도입 취지와는 다르게 영아의 어린이집 이용시간은 크게 줄지 않았고, 맞춤반으로 인한 업무가 이전보 다 증가하였다는 현장의 불만이 커졌다. 문재인정부는 이러한 현장의 의견을 수 렴하여 맞춤형보육 제도에 대한 전면적 검토 작업을 착수하였다. 이러한 배경에서 영아반 운영 현황과 문제점 및 어려움을 살펴보고, 영아반 교사의 애로 및 요구를 파악하여 영아보육의 질적 수준을 제고하기 위한 단·중 장기 방안을 제안하였다. 본 보고서는 영아반을 운영하는 어린이집을 지원하고, 영아반 담당교사의 근 무환경 및 처우 개선을 위한 기초 자료로 활용되기를 바란다. 아울러, 영아보육 및 영아반 담당교사 관련 정책을 수립하는 정책 입안자들에게 도움이 되기를 기대한다. 본 연구에 도움을 주신 영아반 운영 어린이집 원장 및 영아반 담당교 사, 시도 및 시군구 담당자 공무원 등 많은 분들게 진심으로 감사의 마음을 전 한다. 아울러 본 보고서의 내용은 연구진의 의견이며, 육아정책연구소의 공식적인 입장이 아님을 밝혀둔다.. 2017년 11월 육아정책연구소 소장직무대행.

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(7) 차례. 요 약 ······················································································································ 1 Ⅰ. 서론 ················································································································· 11 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ················································································· 11 2. 연구내용 ········································································································ 12 3. 연구방법 ········································································································ 13 4. 용어 정의 ······································································································ 18 Ⅱ. 연구의 배경 ····································································································· 20 1. 영아반 및 보육교사 지원사업 ······································································ 20 2. 유사 직종 자격기준 및 처우 ········································································ 36 3. 해외 사례 ······································································································ 42 4. 선행연구 ········································································································ 49 Ⅲ. 영아반 운영 현황과 요구 ··············································································· 55 1. 영아반 운영 현황 ·························································································· 55 2. 영아반 운영 애로 및 요구 ··········································································· 72 3. 영아반 운영 우수 사례 ················································································· 97 4. 시사점 ·········································································································· 101 Ⅳ. 영아반 교사의 근무현황 및 요구 ································································· 104 1. 보육교사 현황 ····························································································· 104 2. 영아반 교사 배치 및 운영 ·········································································· 108 3. 교사 지원 ····································································································· 114 4. 보육교사 근무조건 및 처우 ········································································ 134 5. 시사점 ·········································································································· 150 Ⅴ. 정책 제언 ······································································································· 153 1. 영아반 보육교사 지원 방안 ········································································ 153 2. 영아반 운영 내실화 방안 ··········································································· 158.

(8) 3. 맺는 말 ········································································································ 160 참고문헌 ··············································································································· 162 Abstract ················································································································ 168 부 록 ···················································································································· 173 부록 1. 부록 표 ······························································································· 175 부록 2. 조사표 ································································································· 188. - ii -.

(9) 표 차례. 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 1〉 영아반 운영 어린이집 현황 ························································ 14 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 2〉 기관조사 조사내용 ······································································· 14 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 3〉 영아반 운영 어린이집 응답자 특성 ············································ 15 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 4〉 영아반 현황 ················································································· 16 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 5〉 교사조사 조사내용 ······································································· 16 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 6〉 영아반 담당교사 조사 응답자 특성 ············································ 17 〈표 Ⅰ-3- 7〉 심층면접 대상자: 원장 및 보육교사 ··········································· 18 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 1〉 종일반 자격 사유 ········································································ 21 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 2〉 영아 보육료 지원단가 ································································· 22 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 3〉 영아보육료 지원 아동 수 ···························································· 22 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 4〉 0~2세 보육료 예산 ······································································ 22 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 5〉 보육교사 인건비 지급기준: 1호봉 ·············································· 24 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 6〉 기본 보육료 지원 요건 ······························································· 24 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 7〉 기본보육료 지원단가 ··································································· 25 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 8〉 기본보육료 지원 아동 수 ···························································· 25 〈표 Ⅱ-1- 9〉 보육교직원 인건비 지원 예산 ····················································· 26 〈표 Ⅱ-1-10〉 대체교사 지원단가 ······································································· 27 〈표 Ⅱ-1-11〉 대체교사 인건비 지원 예산 ························································ 27 〈표 Ⅱ-1-12〉 원장․보육교사 인건비 지원 ······················································ 28 〈표 Ⅱ-1-13〉 교사근무환경개선비 지원단가 ····················································· 30 〈표 Ⅱ-1-14〉 교사근무환경 개선비 예산 ·························································· 30 〈표 Ⅱ-1-15〉 어린이집 원장의 직무교육 구성 ················································· 31 〈표 Ⅱ-1-16〉 보육교사 등의 보수교육 유형 ····················································· 31 〈표 Ⅱ-1-17〉 시도 보육교직원 수당 지원 사업 ··············································· 32 〈표 Ⅱ-1-18〉 시도 지원인력 인건비 지원 사업 ··············································· 33 〈표 Ⅱ-1-20〉 시군구 보육교직원 수당 지원 사업 ············································ 33 〈표 Ⅱ-1-21〉 시군구 지원인력 인건비 지원 사업 ············································ 33 〈표 Ⅱ-1-22〉 시도 어린이집 지원사업 ······························································ 34. - iii -.

(10) 〈표 Ⅱ-1-23〉 영아반 보육교사 전문과정 교육 프로그램 ································· 35 〈표 Ⅱ-1-24〉 영아반 보육교사 전문과정 이수자 현황 ···································· 35 〈표 Ⅱ-1-25〉 영아반 보육교사 전문과정 교육내용 ·········································· 36 〈표 Ⅱ-2- 1〉 유사직종 자격기준: 유치원 교사 ················································ 37 〈표 Ⅱ-2- 2〉 유사직종 자격기준: 사회복지사 ·················································· 37 〈표 Ⅱ-2- 3〉 유사직종 자격기준: 돌봄 인력 ···················································· 39 〈표 Ⅱ-2- 4〉 유사 직종 주당 근무시간 ···························································· 40 〈표 Ⅱ-2- 5〉 유사직종 인건비 및 수당 ···························································· 41 〈표 Ⅱ-3- 1〉 OECD 영아보육 유형 ·································································· 42 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 1〉 영아반 운영 어린이집 수 ···························································· 55 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 2〉 어린이집 유형별 영아반 비율 및 1개소 당 영아반 수 ············· 56 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 3〉 제 특성별 영아반 비율 ······························································· 57 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 4〉 제 특성별 영아반 수 ··································································· 58 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 5〉 어린이집 이용 영아 수 ······························································· 59 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 6〉 시도별 어린이집 이용 영아 수: 2016년 ····································· 61 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 7〉 맞춤반/종일반 이용 아동 수 ······················································ 62 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 8〉 어린이집 유형별 종일반 이용 아동 수 ······································ 62 〈표 Ⅲ-1- 9〉 연령반별 종일반 아동비율 ·························································· 63 〈표 Ⅲ-1-10〉 맞춤반의 단독반 편성 ································································· 63 〈표 Ⅲ-1-11〉 월별 긴급보육바우처 사용 현황 ················································· 64 〈표 Ⅲ-1-12〉 맞춤반 아동 대비 긴급보육바우처 사용 아동 비율 ·················· 65 〈표 Ⅲ-1-13〉 긴급보육바우처 사용 사유 ·························································· 66 〈표 Ⅲ-1-14〉 긴급보육바우처 사용 이유: 1+2순위 ·········································· 66 〈표 Ⅲ-1-15〉 제 특성별 긴급보육바우처 이용 이유: 1순위 ···························· 67 〈표 Ⅲ-1-16〉 정부지원 어린이집 수 ································································· 68 〈표 Ⅲ-1-17〉 영아반 운영 정부지원 어린이집 수 ············································ 68 〈표 Ⅲ-1-18〉 정부지원 어린이집 유형별 영아반 수 및 1개소당 영아반 수 ·· 69 〈표 Ⅲ-1-19〉 정부지원 어린이집 유형별 영아반 비율 ···································· 69 〈표 Ⅲ-1-20〉 영아전담 어린이집 수 ································································· 70 〈표 Ⅲ-1-21〉 영아전담어린이집 유형별 영아반 수 및 1개소당 영아반 수 ···· 70 〈표 Ⅲ-1-22〉 영아전담어린이집 유형별 영아반 비율 ······································ 71. - iv -.

(11) 〈표 Ⅲ-1-23〉 영아전담 어린이집 이용 아동 수 ··············································· 71 〈표 Ⅲ-1-24〉 영아전담 어린이집 정원충족률 ··················································· 72 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 1〉 어린이집 유형 및 정원규모별 시작시간 ···································· 73 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 2〉 지역규모 및 영아반 수별 시작시간 ············································ 73 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 3〉 어린이집 유형 및 정원규모별 시작시간 ···································· 74 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 4〉 지역규모 및 영아반수별 시작시간 ············································· 75 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 5〉 맞춤반 하원시간으로 인한 일과 조정 여부 ······························· 75 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 6〉 일과 운영시간 조정 개요 ···························································· 76 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 7〉 오후 간식시간 변경 정도 ···························································· 77 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 8〉 어린이집 유형 및 정원규모별 맞춤반 아동 하원시각 ··············· 78 〈표 Ⅲ-2- 9〉 지역규모 및 영아반 수별 맞춤반 아동 하원시각 ······················ 79 〈표 Ⅲ-2-10〉 종일반 운영 형태 ········································································ 80 〈표 Ⅲ-2-11〉 연령별 통합반 및 연령 혼합반 교사 배치 ································· 81 〈표 Ⅲ-2-12〉 어린이집 유형 및 정원규모별 종일반 아동 하원시각 ··············· 82 〈표 Ⅲ-2-13〉 지역규모 및 영아반수별 맞춤반 아동 하원시각 ························ 83 〈표 Ⅲ-2-14〉 어린이집 유형별 등원시각 ·························································· 84 〈표 Ⅲ-2-15〉 어린이집 유형 및 맞춤반별 하원시각 ········································ 84 〈표 Ⅲ-2-16〉 맞춤형보육 시행 이후 현원 변화 ··············································· 85 〈표 Ⅲ-2-17〉 맞춤형보육 시행 이후 어린이집 수입 변화 ······························· 86 〈표 Ⅲ-2-18〉 맞춤형보육 시행 이후 어린이집 행정 업무량 변화 ·················· 87 〈표 Ⅲ-2-19〉 맞춤형보육 시행 이후 어려운 점: 1+2순위 ································ 88 〈표 Ⅲ-2-20〉 제 특성별 맞춤형보육 시행 이후 어려운 점: 1순위 ················· 89 〈표 Ⅲ-2-21〉 평가인증 방문 컨설팅 및 교육 추진 현황 ································· 90 〈표 Ⅲ-2-22〉 어린이집 보육과정 방문 컨설팅 및 교육 추진현황 ·················· 90 〈표 Ⅲ-2-23〉 영아보육 컨설팅 지원 여부 및 계획 ·········································· 91 〈표 Ⅲ-2-24〉 컨설팅 받은 주요 분야 ······························································· 92 〈표 Ⅲ-2-25〉 컨설팅 제공 컨설턴트 ································································· 93 〈표 Ⅲ-2-26〉 영아보육 컨설팅 도움정도 ·························································· 94 〈표 Ⅲ-2-27〉 영아보육 컨설팅 지원사업 확대의 필요성 ································· 95 〈표 Ⅲ-2-28〉 영아보육 컨설팅 사업 활성화 시 컨설팅 영역: 1+2순위 ·········· 96 〈표 Ⅲ-2-29〉 영아보육 컨설팅 사업 활성화 시 컨설팅 영역: 1순위 ·············· 97. - v -.

(12) 〈표 Ⅲ-3- 1〉 종일반 우수 어린이집 사례 조사 ··············································· 98 〈표 Ⅲ-3- 2〉 E어린이집 근무시간표 예시 ······················································ 100 〈표 Ⅲ-3- 3〉 종일반 운영 시간표 ··································································· 100 〈표 Ⅲ-3- 4〉 종일반 프로그램 구성 ······························································· 101 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 1〉 유형별 보육교사 수 ··································································· 104 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 2〉 시도 및 유형별 보육교사 수 ····················································· 105 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 3〉 어린이집 유형별 보육교사 수 ··················································· 105 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 4〉 자격 및 연도별 보육교사 수 개요 ············································ 106 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 5〉 1급 보육교사 수 ········································································ 106 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 6〉 2급 보육교사 수 ········································································ 107 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 7〉 3급 보육교사 수 ········································································ 107 〈표 Ⅳ-1- 8〉 영아전담 어린이집 영아반 보육교사 수 ··································· 108 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 1〉 영아반 담당교사 선정‧배치 기준: 원장 ··································· 108 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 2〉 경력 및 연령 고려 시 배치기준 ··············································· 110 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 3〉 영아반 배치 기준 ······································································· 110 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 4〉 어린이집 내 경력 위치 ······························································ 111 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 5〉 맞춤반 하원 후 종일반 운영 형태 ············································ 112 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 6〉 연령별 통합반 또는 연령 혼합반 담당교사 ····························· 112 〈표 Ⅳ-2- 7〉 영아 혼합반 운영 시 어려운 점 ··············································· 113 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 1〉 영아보육 직무교육 이수 여부 ··················································· 115 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 2〉 영아보육 직무교육 미참여 이유 ··············································· 115 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 3〉 어린이집 원장 대상 영아보육 직무교육 이수 여부 ················· 116 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 4〉 영아보육 직무교육 도움정도 개요 ············································ 117 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 5〉 제 특성별 영아보육 직무교육 도움정도 ··································· 118 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 6〉 영아보육 직무교육 중 도움 영역: 1+2순위 ······························ 119 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 7〉 제 특성별 영아보육 직무교육 중 도움 영역: 1순위-교사 ······· 121 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 8〉 제 특성별 영아보육 직무교육 중 도움 영역: 1순위-원장 1 ···· 121 〈표 Ⅳ-3- 9〉 제 특성별 영아보육 직무교육 중 도움 영역: 1순위-원장 2 ···· 122 〈표 Ⅳ-3-10〉 영아보육 직무교육 중 개선 필요영역: 1+2순위 ······················· 123 〈표 Ⅳ-3-11〉 제 특성별 영아보육 직무교육 중 개선 필요 영역: 1순위-교사 · 124 〈표 Ⅳ-3-12〉 제 특성별 영아보육 직무교육 중 개선 필요 영역: 1순위-원장 1 · 125. - vi -.