KRIHS aggressively promotes network-type collaborative research involving experts and professionals at home and abroad, holding over 20 international conferences throughout the year. Besides, KRIHS is actively engaged in exchange of scholarly information with research institutes and universities overseas under agreement on academic exchange and joint research.
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■Purpose
The purpose of this International Workshop is to build an international collaboration research sys-tem concerning the construction of BESETO cor-ridor through international studies on the North-east Asian transportation system, especially cur-rent situation, problems, improvement and action plan of constructing BESETO corridor.
■Brief Summary
Session-I started out with Naoko Mori's, Researcher at NIRA, keynote speech, “Follow up presentation on current status and problems of Haneda Int'l airport and prospects of the BESETO air shuttle service". This session was presided over by the Director of International Cooperation Divi-sion at NIRA, Dr. Motoshige Kato. Naoko Mori explained the general concept and meaning of air shuttle services in BESETO corridor ; the corridor linking among the capitals of Korea, Japan and China, and the vision of BESETO air shuttle ser-vices. To support the development of BESETO air shuttle services, he referred to the possibility, obstacles and strong/weak points of “One-Day Bussiness Trip" between Beijing and Tokyo, and to expansion strategy and project of Haneda airport.
Followed by Mori's speech, Dr. Yosuke Oneda, President of C.S. Japan Co., made a comment con-cerning the international aviation agreements among Korea, Japan and China. Moreover, he provided information about the current air trans-portation networks among three countries and
increasing demands of air transportation.
Two subjects were introduced during the after-noon session. This session-II was presided over by Kim Wonbae(Senior Fellow at KRIHS). Firstly, Dr.
Ryu Jaiyoung, Director & Research Fellow in KRIHS, made a presentation on the first subject,
“Strategy to strengthen interchange in BESETO corridor - focusing on short-term action plan", explained a status, strategy and vision of passen-ger and freight interchange in BESETO Corridor.
And he also proposed short-term action plan, such as multimodal system(train-ferry and road-feeder system) and air shuttle service, and requirement of public, research and private par-ties through analysing related policies and poten-tialities of interchange cooperation in three coun-tries. Dr. Kim Wonbae, Senior Research Fellow at KRIHS, maintained that the BESETO corridor is a linear representation of urban agglomerations in C-J-K, which contains major centers of talents and innovation, financial and industrial capital, and manufacturing and advanced services and the BESETO corridor, if equipped with less insti-tutional barriers and a smoothly functioning transport system would certainly contribute to building a more or less homogenized economic space, wherein agglomeration benefits can be spread to enterprises and people. And he pro-posed that we need to place on emphasis on transport corridor, information highway and inter-city networks, which these three elements are complementary to each other and thus consti-tute building blocks of the BESETO corridor.
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Lastly, Session-III and Conclusion, Dr. Yasuo Sawai at NIRA, Dr. Xiao Jincheng at ISPRE, and Dr. Kim Wonbae agreed on the BESETO corridor's political and economical significance and asserted the need of additional research about the specific way of the action plan related to the construction of the BESETO corridor and moreover had the same opinion about the necessity of continuous national cooperative research in Northeast Asia.
■Policy Implications
The attendants from the Korea, China and Japan
National Policy Institution and transportation specialists agreed on the BESETO corridor's politi-cal and economipoliti-cal significance and gained the sympathy of enormous significance to the revi-talization not merely of Northeast Asia, but of East Asia more generally.
Also, they believed to expand this tripartite international research alliance to various discus-sion about the Vidiscus-sion and Action Plan for Trans-Northeast Asian Transport Network and hoped this vision to be a suitable subject for discussion and examination at the governmental level in China, South Korea and Japan.
■Participants
Korea :
Lee Yongsup(Minister, Construction & Transporta-tion), Seong Kyongryung(Chair, Presidential Com-mittee on Balanced National Development), Choe Byungsun(President, KRIHS), Kim Taehwan (Research Fellow, KRIHS), Kim Sungjei(Director of Relocations Support Division, Ministry of Con-struction & Transportation), Lee Taeil(President,
Land & Urban Research Institute), Park Heonjoo (President, Housing & Urban Research Institute), Lee Byounglyul(T/F for Innovation City-Gwangju
& Jeonnam), Jin Younghwan(Director of Center for Urban Innovation, KRIHS), Heo Mungu (Research Fellow, Korea Institute for Industrial Economics & Trade)
Overseas :
Neill Marshall(Professor, University of Newcastle
>> International Seminar on Public Agency Relocation and Regional Development 공공기관 지방이전과 지역발전에 관한 국제세미나
■Date : July 18, 2007 ■Venue : KRIHS
85KRIHS upon Tyne in England), Guy Baudelle(Professor,
Universite de Rennes 2-Haute Bretagne in France), Sten Gunnar Johansson(CEO, Mjardevi Science Park), Mayumi Edagawa(Senior Coordi-nator for Tsukuba Science City, City and Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infra-structure and Transport in Japan), Takehiko Suzuki(Deputy Director of Metropolitan Areas Development Division, City and Regional Devel-opment Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport in Japan)
■Presentations
■Session 1 : Cases of Public Agency Relocation 1. Public Sector Relocation Polices in the United
Kingdom
- Neill Marshall(Professor, University of New-castle upon Tyne in England)
2. French Public Sector National Relocation - Guy Baudelle(Professor, Universite de Rennes
2-Haute Bretagne in France)
3. Public Agency Relocation Plan in Korea - Kim Taehwan(Research Fellow, KRIHS)
■Session 2 : Public Sector Relocation and
link-age among industry-university-research insti-tute for Innovation Cluster
1. The Role of Public Sector for the linkage among industry-university-research institute:
Case of Mjardevi Science Park, Sweden - Sten Gunnar Johansson(CEO, Mjardevi
Sci-ence Park)
2. Innovation Cluster and Urban Development:
Case of Tsukuba, Japan
- Mayumi Edagawa(Senior Coordinator for Tsukuba Science City, City and Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infra-structure and Transport in Japan)
■Purpose
The Korean government announced in June 2005 a plan to arrange 176 public agencies in the Met-ropolitan area dispersedly into various regions for the decentralization of Seoul Metropolitan Area and balanced regional development. In addition to this plan, it has been promoting a plan to con-struct future Innovative Cities equipped with set-tlement environment such as high-level dwelling, education and culture in each city and province and to let the relocated public agencies move in there. In accordance with this plan, the basic scheme and development plan of 10 Innovative Cities will be completed in this year.
The purpose of this International Seminar is to hear experiences and lessons from other countries that has already experienced the relocation of public agencies.
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■Brief Summary
Session 1, focuses on the cases of public agency relocation. Professor Neill Marshall from Univer-sity of Newcastle presented the “Public Sector Relocation Policies in the U.K.". The main object of the relocation was to reduce high rents and labor costs in London. The Lyon Review consid-ers the modernization of government and admin-istrative reform as the core issues for the reloca-tion policy. Over 20 thousand officials will be relocated in the year 2010 to 70 different cities is England.
Guy Baudelle from University of Rennes in France, presented “French Public Sector National Relocation" mentioning that the mayor object of relocation in France was to balance national development. After the 1990's the French govern-ment linked the relocation with designated cities for regional development.
The Korean Relocation Plan presented by Tae Hwan Kim from KRIHS, explains that the Korean relocation is quite different for its relocating scale from other countries. Korean relocation plan aims to relocate the hole ministry(including the minis-ter) and expects a bigger effect rather than Eng-land which only executive agencies are relocated.
Also, benchmarking the case of France, the relo-cation effect could be maximized by linking the relocated agencies with regional strategic indus-tries which will give national balanced develop-ment.
Session 2, focuses on more specific method for
regional development. Sten Gunnar Johansson, CEO of Mjardevi Science Park presented the case of Mjardevi in Sweden, introducing the science district in Mjardevi and Lingoping University in Lingoping. He emphasizes that the key point for success in Mjardevi was the collaboration between local government, enterprises and local universities.
Mayumi Edagawa from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, presented the case of Tsukuba in Japan. In 1960's the Japanese gov-ernment relocated national research institutes for decentralization of Toyko and built a eco-friendly urban village. Tsukuba is now famous for its pleasant environment and high quility of educa-tion facilities.
■Policy Implications
The seminar shows the differences of Korean Relocation Plan from other countries experience.
The Korean Relocation Plan emphasis more on the administrative decentralization of Seoul Met-ropolitan Area and national balanced develop-ment as most of the public agencies relocates from Seoul. To maximize the impacts of reloca-tion public agencies must be clustered with regional industries. In Korea, most of the agencies are relocated in the areas were their industrial characteristics are similar to each other. Therefore the next step will be to find the method for syn-ergy effect in the relocated regions.
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■Participants
Korea :
Kim Wonbae(Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS), Lee Sangjun(Research Fellow, KRIHS), Na Heeseung (Research Fellow, Korea Railroad Research Insti-tute), Zhang Hyungsoo(Professor, Hanyang Uni-versity), Jo Dongho(Professor, Ewha UniUni-versity), Yang Moonsoo(Professor, University of North Korean Studies)
Japan :
Mimura Mitsuhiro(Research Fellow, ERINA) USA :
Edward Reed(Country Representative, The Asia Foundation), Graeme Auton(Professor, University of Redlands), Karl Kim(Professor, University of Hawaii)
■Presentations
1. Policy Framework for Economic Cooperation with North Korea focusing on Infrastructure Development
- Kim Wonbae(Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS) 2. Catalyst Projects and Application of
Multilater-al Cooperation Framework
- Lee Sangjun(Research Fellow, KRIHS)
■Purpose
The purpose of this International Workshop is to find policy directions to establishing a coopera-tion framework for development assistance to North Koreas focusing on infrastructure develop-ment.
■Brief Summary
In the session-I, Kim Wonbae(Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS) represented “Policy Framework for Economic Cooperation with North Korea focusing on Infrastructure Development”. Kim Wonbae explained meaning of development assistance to DPRK and alternative approaches for development assistance. He proposed a mixed and gradual approach, collaboration among con-cerned countries first, then an interim multilateral mechanism targeted for early development assis-tance and finally a multilateral framework for normal development assistance. He suggested KIDO(Korean Peninsula Infrastructure Develop-ment Organization) as a modified KEDO(Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization) model. It has a definite advantage over other
>> Reconstruction of Infrastructure in North Korea and the Framework for Implementation 북한의 기반시설 재건을 위한 실행방안 워크숍
■Date : September 13, 2007 ■Venue : KRIHS
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interim frameworks in the respects that it can be easily established once the Six-Party countries agree because it already has an experience.
At the session-II, Dr. Sangjun Lee, Research Fellow of KRIHS, made a presentation on the subject, “Catalyst Projects and Application of Multilateral Cooperation Framework”. He sug-gested the “Rajin Project" as a catalyst project for multilateral cooperation under the framework of KIDO. China and Russia have been showing interest in using the Rajin Port. Since Rajin is a connecting point of the TKR and the TSR, an integrated multilateral project, which is composed of several sub-projects, can be implemented as a catalyst project for international cooperation. The project should include training and capacity building in its initial stage. In the longer run, major infrastructure development projects along two axes of the Korean Peninsula can be imple-mented through the KIDO and international financial institutions.
■Policy Implications
Developing infrastructure of North Korea requires massive investment. Therefore, development assistance from international society is a necessi-ty. In this regard, the concept of KIDO may be on of nice alternatives in building development assistance framework for North Korea.
This multilateral framework has two merits.
First, it would provide a more secure structure by
preventing possible evasive behavior of the North Korean government. Second, it would be easier to secure funds for infrastructure development from diverse sources.
Once the six-way talks find a solution to the security issue, a multilateral framework, KIDO, can be arranged for facilitating political aid to North Korea. Following the example of the KEDO, the Korean Peninsula Infrastructure Development Organization can be considered as a body to coordinate and implement major infrastructure projects funded largely through public capital.
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■Participants
Korea :
Choe Byungsun(President, KRIHS), Chae Mieoak (Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS), Jung Heenam (Research Fellow, KRIHS), Choi Soo(Associate Research Fellow, KRIHS), Kim Sangjo(Associate Research Fellow, KRIHS)
China :
Wu Xifang(President, College of Southeast Land Management of Zhejiang University), Ye Yen-mei(Vice President, College of Southeast Land Management of Zhejiang University), Park Insung(Professor, Zhejiang University), Jin Sang-mu(Professor, Zhejiang University)
■Presentations
1. Korean land policy toward an era of localization - Chae Mieoak(Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS) 2. Competing models to theorize the role of
cen-tral and local governments in agricultural land conversion policy
- Jin Sangmu(Professor, Zhejiang University) 3. Division of labor between central and local
gov-ernments in city and country planning of Korea - Kim Sangjo(Associate Research Fellow, KRIHS), Jung Heenam(Research Fellow, KRIHS) 4. Urban planning administrative system of China
from the perspectives of the role of central and local governments
- Park Insung(Professor, Zhejiang University) 5. Empirical research on regional equality
regard-ing realestate taxation burden in Korea - Choi Soo(Associate Research Fellow, KRIHS)
■Purpose
The Korea Research Institute for Human Settle-ments(KRIHS) and College of Southeast Land Management of Zhejiang University in
Hang-ⅢInternational Cooperative Projects
>> Joint Workshop on Land Policies of Korea and China(VI) : Government, Locality and Land Policies
한·중 토지정책연구(VII) 국제공동 워크숍
■Date : October 10~13, 2007 ■Venue : Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China
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zhou, China have conducted a joint research since the year of 2001 pursuant to the Joint Research Agreement made in 2003. As a part of this, last October, the two organizations held the joint workshop.
■Brief Summary
First paper(Chae Mieoak, KRIHS) deals with Kore-an lKore-and policy toward Kore-an era of localization. The paper suggests that land policy in the era of localization should emphasize public interests of land, and also reflect the characteristics of local markets on the other hand.
Second paper(Jin Sangmu, Zhejiang University) discusses two competing models to theorize the role of central and local governments in agricul-tural land conversion policy. To keep agriculagricul-tural land for food security and environmental protec-tion, central government's guidelines for allocat-ing urban land and implementallocat-ing conversion ceiling regulations may be inevitable. However, the schemes need to be re-adjusted towards upgrading localities interests and local land mar-ket efficiency.
Third paper(Kim Sangjo & Jung Heenam, KRIHS) deals with the division of labor between central and local governments in city and country planning of Korea. The paper suggests several pol-icy alternatives, including preparation of national-level guidelines, which offers a guide to urban
policy and urban planning to local governments.
Fourth paper(Park Insung, Zhejiang University) reviews the urban planning administrative system of China from the perspectives of the role of cen-tral and local governments. The paper reviews the current issues of urban planning authority and administration system from the division of labor between central and local governments.
Finally, last paper(Choi Soo, KRIHS) presents the result of an empirical research on regional equality regarding realestate taxation burden in Korea. According to the analysis results, realestate taxation is more unequal than other taxations. Property taxation is more unequal than acquisition taxation. And capital gains taxation is more unequal than property taxation. The author anticipates that the comprehensive realestate tax plan, recently introduced in 2005, may worsen the unequal situation regarding realestate taxa-tion burdens, but improve financial equality among local governments.
■Policy Implications
The two organizations agreed to extend the joint research period for the next five years. Also, they asserted the need for extending the joint research topics from land issues to other fields such as urban policy, SOC policy, environment protection policy, etc.. The next joint workshop would be held in Seoul, Korea around October 2008.
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■Participants
Korea :
Kim Wonbae(Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS), Kim Euijune(Associate Professor, Seoul National University), Hahn Donghoon(Professor, Catholic University), Kim Hongbae(Professor, Hanyang University), Hahn Yeongjoo(Senior Research Fel-low, Seoul Development Institute), Lim Jung-duk(Professor, Pusan National University), Kim Sungbae(Professor, Soongshil University) Japan :
Masato Hisatkae(Director, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Investment), Kenkichi Nagao(Associate Professor, Osaka City University)
China :
Tu Qiyu(Professor, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences) & He Canfei(Associate Professor, Bei-jing University)
■Presentations
1 Korean land policy toward an era of localization - Kim Wonbae(Senior Research Fellow, KRIHS) 2. Schematic Economic Interactions among the
Eight Core Regions
- Kim Euijune(Professor, Seoul National Uni-versity)
3. The Geoeconomic Position of Yangtze River Delta in Northeast Asia
- Tu Qiyu(Professor, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences)
4. Regional Development of the Jing-Jin-Ji Area and its Economic Linkages with Northeast Asia - He Canfei(Professor, Beijing University) 5. Transformation of Regional Economic System
in Japan and East Asia
- Masato Hisatake(Director, Ministry of Econo-my, Trade and Industry)
6. Kinki Economy under Changing Geo-Econom-ic Landscape : Retrospect and Prospect of a Mature Core Economic Region
- Kenkichi Nagao(Associate Professor, Osaka City University)
■Purpose
The purpose of the seminar is to identify the cur-rent status of the eight core regions of Northeast Asia, and analyze and discuss the development prospect and interdependence among them.
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>> International Conference on Development Prospects for and Interdependence of Core Economic Regions of Northeast Asia
동북아 핵심경제지역의 발전전망과 연계망 구축 세미나
■Date : October 11~12, 2007 ■Venue : KRIHS
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■Brief Summary
Opening the Session One, Dr Kim Wonbae, KRIHS Senior Research Fellow gave a keynote speech, titled, ‘Changing Economic Landscape of Major Economic Regions of Northeast Asia'. Describing the reasons for the Northeast Asian geoeconomic terrain transformation from a single-pole system to a multi-pole one, Dr. Kim forecast in his speech that eight major economic regions will lead the future economy of Northeast Asia.
Accordingly, he predicted, competition and coop-eration among the eight regions are the key fac-tors for the geoeconomic change of Northeast Asia, and in this regard, he stressed, it is crucial to identify the relations of the eight regions.
The following presentation was delivered by Kim Euijune, Professor of Seoul National Univer-sity on the theme, ‘Schematic Economic Interac-tions among the Eight Core Regions'. Dr. Kim presented the development prospect for the eight major regions based on the Purchasing Power Parity, along with analysis on the interactions among them. Additionally, he disclosed the results of the estimation on the economic interac-tions among the eight regions employing an econometric model. He pointed out that, accord-ing to the results, the Jaccord-ing-Jin-Ji Area has the most regional linkages of the eight Northeast Asian regions.
Four themes were covered at the Session Two with Dr. Kim Wonbae presiding over the session.
Firstly, Dr. Tu Qiyu, Professor of the Shanghai
Academy of Social Sciences gave a presentation titled, ‘The Geoeconomic Position of Yangtze River Delta in Northeast Asia', reviewing the cur-rent status of the Yangtze Delta, and providing the future development prospect for the area.
Indicating the fact that the development strate-gies of the Yangtze area are outward-looking, Dr.
Tu Qiyu stressed that, as such, it is inevitable for the region to promote cooperation with other core regions of Northeast Asia as well as compe-tition. Additionally, he presented strategies for advancing the industrial structure of the region.
Next, Dr. He Canfei, Professor of Beijing Uni-versity, gave a presentation, titled, ‘Regional Development of the Jing-Jin-Ji Area and its Eco-nomic Linkages with Northeast Asia' to forecast the development of the Jing-Jin-Ji region center-ing around Beijcenter-ing and Tenjin and discuss link-ages of the region to Korea and Japan. According to his analysis, foreign investment including Korea and Japan contributed to the economic development of the region to some degree, and this results from the interdependence among Northeast Asian countries. He forecast that once the planned development in Tenjin and the Hebei region, which is being currently promoted by the Chinese government, is completed, the linkage of the regional development to other Northeast Asian regions will be further strengthened.
The third presenter, Dr. Masato Hisatake, Direc-tor of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Indus-try delivered the presentation titled,
‘Transforma-93KRIHS tion of Regional Economic System in Japan and
East Asia', focusing on the findings of the analy-sis on change in manufacturing agglomeration.
Dr. Hisatake pointed out that the economic struc-ture of East Asia has transformed; in the past Japan was at the center with China and East Asian countries on the fringes, and now, the boundaries have become ambiguous. He analyzed the reason as decentralization of the manufactur-ing industry. The regional economic system of Japan is structured primarily around metropolitan regions including Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya.
However, in recent years, only Tokyo is growing with Osaka depressed and Nagoya experiencing a lull. Dr. Hisatake explained that the major cause of the change lies in deindustrialization of the Japanese economy, or a shift to a service-orient-ed industrial structure.
Lastly, Dr. Kenkichi Nagao, Associate Professor of Osaka City University gave a speech, titled,
‘Kinki Economy under Changing Geo-Economic Landscape : Retrospect and Prospect of a Mature Core Economic Region'. Pointing out that the economic slowdown of the Kinki region resulted from the regional industrial structure along with the relocation of business headquarters to Tokyo, he forecast that future development of the region is dependent upon several factors including rela-tionship with the Tokyo region, linkage to East Asia, intermediate goods trade structure and industrial cluster formulation.
■Policy Implications
In regard of development of the core economic regions of Northeast Asia, the participating experts agreed on the emergence of the three core regions of China and their growing role, nothing that the future economic landscape of Northeast Asia may develop into either an interdependent or a competitive one depending on the interac-tions among these regions. In terms of change in regional interactions, while government's role in this matter cannot be underrated, corporate strategies will exercise the most crucial influence.
In particular, trade and supply of components between companies are likely to bring transfor-mation to spatial division of labor. In this regard, they pointed out, it is necessary to carry out an in-depth research on the roles of multinational corporations.
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