7 Z 4, pp. 723∼729
ë
ÅT Ì ¦ R} º(Ni, Cr, Ti)õ u § Y 8 È X ¢ Bi 0.9 Dy 0.1 FeO 3 U c lT c l8 ý V R ËX ê sÊ Ý ¹ ÅM X ì Ä ¤V R Ë
»ª <` 9 · » . > 4 w H · »A I . > · » ç ¡¬ £
½ Ó" é ¶ @ / < Æ § Ó ü t o < Æõ , ½ Ó" é ¶ 641-773
(2012¸ 5 Z 4 3{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2012¸ 5 Z 4 22{ 9 Ã º& ñ : r ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2012¸ 7 Z 4 2{ 9 > F S X & ñ )
o < Æ 6 xÓ o 7 £ x à ÌZ O Ü ¼ Ð í H à ºô Ç BiFeO
3(BFO) ~ Ã Ì} õ BiFeO
3_ Bi
3+s : r { 9 Â Ò\ ¦ Dy
3+Ü ¼ Ð u ¨ 8
¦ Fe
3+s : r { 9 Â Ò\ ¦ Ni
2+, Cr
3+, Ti
4+s : r Ü ¼ Ð 1 l x r \ u ¨ 8 ô Ç (Bi
0.9Dy
0.1)(Fe
0.975B
0.025)O
3±δ(B
= Ni
2+, Cr
3+, Ti
4+, BDFNi, BDFCr, BDFTi < Ê) ~ Ã Ì} [ þ t` ¦ Pt(111)/Ti/SiO
2/Si(100) l ó ø Í 0 A\
$ í
© r & ~ à Ì} _ ½ ¨ ¸ü < l & h : £ ¤$ í o\ ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ , q § ì r$ 3 % i . $ í © r ~ à Ì} [ þ t É r 550
◦C _
| 9
è ì r 0 Al \ " f : x © & h ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼ Ð \ P % o % i . ~ Ã Ì} [ þ t É r ¸ ú & ñ o÷ &# Q e Ü ¼ 9 # Q " » ¡ ¤ ~ ½ Ó ¾ ÓÜ ¼
Ð ¸ & ñ § > =÷ &# Q e t · ú § ¤ ¦ è H \ ` ( H s © s Ô ¦í HÓ ü t © ¸ µ 1 Ï| ÷ &t · ú § ¤ . ü @Â Ò l © s 1000 kV/cm { 9 M :, BDFNi, BDFCr, BDFTi ~ à Ì} \ @ /ô Ç ï ß À Ó ì rF G(2P
r) õ ½ Ó l © (2E
c) ° ú כ É r y y 38 µC/cm
2õ 937 kV/cm, 36 µC/cm
2õ 954 kV/cm, 49 µC/cm
2õ 1070 kV/cm s % 3 . ¢ ¸ ü @Â Ò l
© s 100 kV/cm{ 9 M : BFOü < BDFNi, BDFCr, BDFTi ~ Ã Ì} _ ¾ º[ O À Ó x 9 ¸ H y y 2.58 × 10
−3A/cm
2, 8.62 × 10
−5A/cm
2, 1.91 × 10
−5A/cm
2, 5.71 × 10
−5A/cm
2s % 3 Ü ¼ 9, Å Ò Ã º 1 kHz{ 9 M
: BFOü < BDFNi, BDFCr, BDFTi ~ Ã Ì} _ Ä » Ö ¦ É r y y 121õ 130, 145, 124 s % 3 Ü ¼ 9, ° ú É r Å Ò Ã
º\ " f Ä » < Hz ´ É r y y 0.049, 0.042, 0.039, 0.043 s % 3 . s ü < ° ú s 1 l x r u ¨ 8 ô Ç ~ Ã Ì} [ þ t s a % ~ É r l
& h : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ Ðs H כ É r u ¨ 8 \ _ K " f í ß è o à º_ y èü < p [ j ½ ¨ ¸_ o { 9 # Qz ¤l M : ë
H s ¦ Ð# .
Ù þ
d # Q: BiFeO
3~ à Ì} , o < Æ 6 xÓ o 7 £ x à ÌZ O , p [ j½ ¨ ¸, l & h : £ ¤$ í
Preparation and Electrical Properties of
Transition-metal (Ni, Cr, Ti)-doped Bi 0.9 Dy 0.1 FeO 3 Thin Films
Eun Sun Kim · Jin Won Kim · Hae Jin Kim · Sang Su Kim ∗
Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Received 3 May 2012 : revised 22 May 2012 : accepted 2 July 2012)
Pure BiFeO
3(BFO) and Dy
3+- and transition-metal (Ni
2+, Cr
3+, Ti
4+)-ion co-doped (Bi
0.9Dy
0.1)(Fe
0.975B
0.025)O
3±δ, (B = Ni
2+, Cr
3+and Ti
4+, denoted by BDFNi, BDFCr and BDFTi), respectively thin films were prepared on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO
2/Si(100) substrates by using a chemical solution deposition method. The coated thin films were annealed at 550
◦C for 30 min by using a conventional annealing process under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the changes in the microstructure and the electrical properties with doping were investigated. The thin films were well crystallized and randomly oriented, with no detectable impurity and secondary phases. The values of the remnant polarization (2P
r) and the coercive field (2E
c) of the BDFNi, BDFCr and BDFTi thin films were 38 µC/cm
2and 937 kV/cm, 39 µC/cm
2and 954 kV/cm, and 49 µC/cm
2and 1070 kV/cm at an electric field of 1000 kV/cm, respectively. The leakage current densities of the BFO,
-723-
BDFNi, BDFCr and BDFTi thin films were 2.58 × 10
−3A/cm
2, 8.62 × 10
−5A/cm
2, 1.91 × 10
−5A/cm
2, and 5.71 × 10
−5A/cm
2at an electric field of 100 kV/cm, respectively. The dielectric constants of the BFO, BDFNi, BDFCr and BDFTi thin films were 121, 130, 145, and 124 at a frequency of 1 kHz, respectively, and at the same frequency, the dielectric losses were 0.049, 0.042, 0.039, and 0.043, respectively. The improved electrical properties for the co-doped thin films could be explained by a reduction of oxygen vacancies due to the substitution of Dy and transition-metal (Ni, Cr, Ti) ions and the change in the microstructure.
PACS numbers: 77.84.-s
Keywords: BiFeO
3thin films, Chemical solution deposition, Microstructure, Electrical properties
I. " e  ] Ø
:
£ ¤& ñ : r ¸\ " f y © Ä » $ í õ (ì ø Í)y © $ í , y © ò ø Í$ í × æ ¿ º :
£ ¤$ í s © ` ¦ 1 l x r \ ° ú H Ó ü t| 9 ` ¦ y © ^ ô Ç . l 0 p x
$ í
Ó ü t| 9 BiFeO 3 (BFO) H © : r \ " f Ö ¸6 x ½ + É Ã º e H Ä » { 9
ô Ç é ß { 9 © y © ^ Ð ´ ú § É r ' a d ` ¦ = å J # Q ¸ ¦ e . s
H BFO _ ½ ¨ ¸ q §& h ç ß é ß ¦ Z } É r l & h | 9 " f : r
¸(high electric ordering temperature: T C ∼ 830 ◦ C) ü <
l & h | 9 " f : r ¸(high magnetic ordering temperature:
T N ∼ 370 ◦ C)\ ¦ ° ú l M :ë H s [1]. Õ ª Q s Qô Ç l @ /
\
¸ Ô ¦ ½ ¨ ¦ BFO? /_ í ß è o Fe_ " é ¶ © I
(Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ) 1 p x \ _ ô Ç H ¾ º[ O À Óü < É r ï ß À Ó ì rF G
° ú
כ 1 p x É r BFO \ @ /ô Ç ½ ¨ 6 £ x6 x \ H © E ÷ & ¦ e
[1–3]. " f BFO ? /_ í ß è o à º\ ¦ × ¦ # ¾ º[ O
À Ó x 9 y © Ä » : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ¾ Ó © r v 9 H ½ ¨ þ j H ´ ú §s s
À Ò# Qt ¦ e [4–6].
· ú
¡\ " f ¸ t & h Ù þ ¡1 p w s BFO_ H ¾ º[ O À Ó H r « Ñ ? / _
í ß è o Fe_ s : r © I \ _ K Ä »µ 1 Ï÷ & H כ Ü ¼
Ð Ð ¦ ÷ &# Q e Ü ¼ 9, s H 6 £ § õ ° ú É r < Ê ì ø Í6 £ xd Ü ¼
Ð è q à º e [6].
2Bi X Bi + 3O X O ⇔ 2V 000 Bi + 3V 00 O + Bi 2 O 3 ↑ (1) 2Fe X F e + O X O ⇔ 2Fe 0 F e + V 00 O + 1
2 O 2 ↑ (2) (1) d É r \ P % o r \ Bi 2 O 3 _ 6 fµ 1 Ï\ _ K q Û ¼Á ºÛ ¼
o (V Bi 000 ) ü < í ß è o (V O 00 ) Ò q t$ í ÷ & H ì ø Í6 £ xd s 9 (2)d É r ;s F K5 Å q Fe_ " é ¶ +3\ " f +2 Ð
| ¨
c M : { 9 # Q± ú Ã º e H ì ø Í6 £ x Ü ¼ Ð Ð © \ _ K í ß è
o (V o 00 ) Ò q t$ í ÷ & H â Ä ºs . 7 £ ¤, é ß { 9 © _ BFO\ ¦ ]
j ¸½ + É M : s < Ê ì ø Í6 £ xd (1), (2)\ í ß è o
Ò q
t$ í ÷ & 9 s X O > Ò q t$ í ) a í ß è o H H ¾ º[ O À Óü <
É r ï ß À Ó ì rF G` ¦ l r v H Å Òכ ¹ " é ¶ s ) a [6]. þ j
H, BFO ? /_ Bi Fe s : r { 9 Â Ò\ ¦ La, Nd, Cr, Mn, Ti
∗