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INTRODUCTION
The lizardfishes (Aulopiformes, Synodintidae) com- prise five genera with about 55 species and is widely distributed sand-rubble bottoms of tropical and subtropi- cal waters in Atrantic, Indian, Pacific Oceans (Nelson, 2006). Among the order Aulopiformes from Korea, Syn- odontidae comprise four genera and eight species (Kim et al., 2005), and three species have been hithero recog- nized into the genus Synodus (NIBR, 2011). Genus Syn- odus are characterized by pelvic fin rays 8 and length of inner and outter rays shorter than middle, branchiostegal rays 15~18, vertebrae 44, vomer absent (Cressey, 1981).
Since Mori (1952) described the first Synodus variega- tus (Lacepède) from Korea, the genus was listed as hav- ing three species, S. variegatus, S. macrops Tanaka and S. hoshinonis Tanaka, distributed in Korean waters (NIBR, 2011). And the genus Synodus was simply described the morphological characters with a provisional key (Kim et al., 2005). In this study we described its morphological description of Synodus fuscus based on the specimen and newly added it to the Korean fish fauna, and provide a key to the species of the genus Synodus in Korea.
Identification followed those of Cressey (1981) and Nakabo (2002). Counts and measurements followed those of Hubbs and Lagler (1958). Number of vertical fins and vertebrae were counted from radiographs, and the vouch-
ers are deposited at the Department of Marine Biotech- nology, Kunsan National University (KNUM), Korea.
Genus Synodus Scopoli, 1777
Synodus Scopoli, 1777: 449 (type species by absolute tautonymy, Esox synodus Linnaeus).
Synodus fuscus Tanaka
(New Korean name: Mo-rae-kkot-dong-myeol) (Fig. 1, Table 1)
Synodus fuscus Tanaka, 1917: 38 (Japan), Cressey, 1981:
16, Nakabo, 2002: 356.
Material examined. KNUM 1781, 1 specimen, 254.6 mm in standard length (SL), Seogwi-po, Jeju Island, Korea, 20 m depth, 18 August, 2002.
Description. Counts and measurements are shown in Table 1. Dorsal fin rays 12; anal fin rays 9; pectoral fin rays 12; pelvic fin rays 8; lateral line scales 55; scale rows above lateral line from dorsal origin 3.5; scale rows below lateral line to anal origin 5; vertebrae 55.
Body long, head somewhat depressed, caudal region a little compressed. Snout about as broad as long; the ante- rior nostril on each side bearing a long broad flap, widest near middle, extending beyond margin of nares when depressed anteriorly. Mouth large, upper jaw extending well beyond eye. Palatine teeth in an elongate V-shaped pad, teeth pointing backwardly. Dorsal fin base shorter than 1/2 head length. Pectoral fin short, not reaching a line joining origin of dorsal fin and origin of pelvic fin.
Outer pelvic ray unbranched and short, less than twice
First Record of the Lizardfishes, Synodus fuscus (Synodontidae, Aulopiformes) from Korea
By Youn Choi*
Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 573-701 Korea
ABSTRACT A single specimen of Synodus fuscus belonging to the genus Synodus in family Syno- dontidae was firstly collected from the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea. We newly add this species to the Korean fish fauna and propose its new Korean name, “Mo-rae-kkot-dong-myeol”. This species was characterized by having no conspicuous pigmented area on operculum. The dorsal fin base is shorter than 1/2 of the head length. The morphological measurements and counts of Synodus fuscus were described in detail and a key to species of the genus Synodus from Korea provided in this study.
Key words : Synodus fuscus, first record, Jeju Island
*Corresponding author: Youn Choi Tel: 82-63-469-1765, Fax: 82-63-465-3917, E-mail: [email protected]
KOREAN JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY, Vol. 24, No. 4, 311-313, December 2012 ISSN: 1225-8598
Received: November 7, 2012 Revised: December 1, 2012 Accepted: December 27, 2012
http://www.fishkorea.or.kr
pectoral fin length.
Color after preserved specimen. Dorsum somewhat darker than ventral surface, no trace of pigment or spots.
Distribution. From Mikawa Bay to Tosa Bay, Jeju-do.
Remarks. Tanaka (1917) originally described Synodus fuscus, as a new species based on one specimen collect- ed in Japan. The specimen of Synodus collected from Jeju-do, Korea here reported agrees precisely with the
original description and Cressey (1981). Synodus fuscus resembles S. hoshinonis, but diffes from it by having no conspicuous pigmented area on operculum (vs. present), length of dorsal fin base shorter than 50% of head length (vs. longer than 50% of head length). The new Korean name of this species, “Mo-rae-kkot-dong-meol”, reflects the habitat.
Key to Korean Peninsula Species of Synodus 1a. Snout rounded, eye diameter shorter than snout length
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2 1b. Snout pointed, eye diameter longer than snout length
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙수다꽃동멸 Synodus macrops Tanaka
2a. Scales above lateral line, 3.5 (rarely 4.5)∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3 2b. Scales above lateral line, 5.5 (rarely 6.5)∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙꽃동멸 Synodus variegatus (Lacepède) 3a. Conspicuous pigmented area on upper distal corner∙∙
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙주홍꽃동멸 Synodus hoshinonis Tanaka
3b. No conspicuous pigmented area on operculum∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙모래꽃동멸 Synodus fuscus Tanaka
REFERENCES
Cressey, R.F. 1981. Revision of Indo-West Pacific lizardfishes of the genus Synodus (Pisces: Synodontidae). Smith- son. Contrib. Zool. 342: 1-53.
Hubbs, C.L. and K.F. Lagler. 1958. Fishes of the Great Lakes Legion. Univ. Michigan Press. pp. 19-26.
Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H.
Kim. 2005. Illustrated Book Korean Fishes. Kyo-Hak Publ. Co., Ltd., 615pp.
Mori, T. 1952. Check list of the fishes of Korea. Mem. Hyogo Univ. Agri., 1(3): 1-228.
Nakabo, T. 2002. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species second edition. Tokai Univ., Tokyo, 1748pp.
National Institute of Biological Resources, 2011. National 312 Youn Choi
Table 1. Comparison of the counts and proportional measurements of Synodus fuscus
Characters Present Tanaka Cressey
(1917) (1981)
No. of individuals 1 - 9
Total length (mm) 290.0 -
Standard length (mm) 254.6 - 112.6~221.7
Measurements in % SL
Head length 29.1 - 27.7 (23.8~30.6)
Snout length 7.5 - 6.6 (5.6~7.5)
Orbit diameter 3.5 - 3.1 (2.3~3.7)
Interorbital width 3.9 - 5.2 (4.2~5.8)
Upper jaw length 19.1 - 17.4 (15.2~18.3)
Predorsal length 44.8 - 45.4 (43.0~49.3)
Preanal length 80.3 - 80.7 (76.3~87.2)
Prepelvic length 35.7 - 37.3 (33.5~42.2)
Preadipose length 82.9 - 87.9 (84.8~93.6)
Dorsal fin base 13.6 - 12.7 (11.0~14.3)
Longest dorsal fin ray 14.1 - 14.6 (13.0~16.0)
Anal fin base 9.2 - 8.8 (7.7~10.0)
Caudal peduncle length 14.0 - -
Caudal peduncle depth 5.2 - -
Counts
Dorsal fin rays 12 11 11 (10~12)
Anal fin rays 10 10 9 (8~10)
Pectoral fin rays 13 12 12
Pelvic fin rays 8 8 8
Lateral line scale 55 53 55 (53~55)
Vertebrae 55 55 (53~55)
Scale rows above lateral line 3.5 3.5 3.5 Scale rows below lateral line 5 5.5 5
Fig. 1. Synodus fuscus Tanaka, KNUM 1781, 254.6 mm SL. Jeju Island, Korea.
—313— List of Species of Korea (Vertebrates), Ministry of Environment, p. 49.
Nelson, J.S. 2006. Fishes of the world, 4th ed. John Wiley
& Sons, New York, 601pp.
Scopoli, J.A. 1777. Introductio ad historiam naturalem, sis- tens genera lapidum, plantarum et animalium hac- tenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde, ad leges naturae. Pragus, Cze-
choslovakia.
Tanaka, S. 1917. Six new species of Japanese fishes. Dobut- sugaku Zassi, 29(340): 37-40. (in Japanese)
Waples, R.S. and J.E. Randall. 1988. A Revision of the Ha- waiian Lizardfishes of the Genus Synodus, with De- scriptions of Four New Species. Pacific Science. v.42, nos. 3-4. 178-213.
First Record of Synodus fuscus 313
한국산 꽃동멸속 어류 1 미기록종, Synodus fuscus Tanaka
최 윤
군산대학교 해양생물공학과
요 약 :홍매치목 매퉁이과의 꽃동멸속에 포함되는 Synodus fuscus 1개체가 제주도에서 채집되어, 한국산 미기 록종으로 기재하고 국명은 ‘모래꽃동멸’로 명명하였다. 모래꽃동멸은 측선 상부 비늘 수가 3.5개, 하부 비늘 수는 5개로 꽃동멸 속의 다른 종과 구분된다. 또한 아가미 뚜껑 가장자리에 검은 점무늬가 없고, 등지느러미 기저장 이 두장의 1/2보다 짧은 반면, 이와 유사종인 주홍꽃동멸은 아가미 뚜껑 가장자리에 검은 점무늬가 있고, 등지느 러미 기저장이 두장의 1/2보다 길어서 두 종이 잘 구분된다. 본 연구에서는 모래꽃동멸의 계수계측치와 함께 한 국산 꽃동멸속 어류의 종 검색표를 제시하였다.
찾아보기 낱말 :매퉁이과, 모래꽃동멸, 종 검색표, 미기록종
