한글(Hangeul): the Korean alphabet
Meaning: ‘
Unique
andGreat
Alphabet’ Invented in
1443 A.D.
by King Sejong Original name:
Hun-Min-Jeong-Eum
(훈민정음: 訓民正音)
“Correct sounds for the instruction of the general public”
Invented for all the people
of his kingdom:Literacy was not a privilege any more.
-
Before its invention
, the upper class who could read and write Chinese characters was privileged in most aspects of life: politics, economics, culture, etc. Hangeul is a
phonogram (표음문자)
: Easy to learn.[King Sejong the Great]
4th king of Joseon Dynasty (1397~1450 A.D.);
Inventor of Hangeul; and One of
the most respected in Korean history
Speakers of the Korean
Language throughout the World 77 million
Possible combinations
of sound syllables 11 thousand
Currently used combinations
of sound syllables 29 hundred
홍길동전 (1612)
First novel published in Hangeul
독립신문 초판(1896)
First newspaper published in Hangeul only
초등학교 교과서(current)
Elementary school textbookㄷ
Last updated on April 4, 2013
Fact sheet
[14 basic consonants]
Origin of consonants:
Shapes of articulatory organs
Consonants Name Articulation* Othersㄱ
Giyeok 기역[g, k]
ㅋ
[kh]
ㄴ
Nieun 니은[n]
ㄷ ㅌ
[d, t] [th]
ㄹ
[r, l]
ㅁ
Mieum 미음[m]
ㅂ ㅍ
[b, p] [ph]
ㅅ
시옷 Siot[s, sh]
ㅈ ㅊ
[j] [ch]
ㅇ
Ieung 이응[Ø , ng]
ㅎ
[h]
(*Source: http://blog.naver.com/PostView.nhn?blogId=veero&logNo=100087736583)
☞ 5 double consonants: ㄱㄱ ㄷㄷ ㅂㅂ ㅅㅅ ㅈㅈ
[10 basic vowels]
Origin of vowels:
Three basic
elements3 Basic elements
Symbol · ㅡ ㅣ
Meaning Sky(天) Earth(地) Man(人)
Vowels Names Combination
ㅡ 으 (eu) -
ㅣ 이 (i) -
ㅗ 오 (o) · + ㅡ
ㅏ 아 (a) ㅣ+ ·
ㅜ 우 (u) ㅡ + ·
ㅓ 어 (eo) · + ㅣ
ㅛ 요 (yo) ·· + ㅡ ㅑ 야 (ya) ㅣ + ··
ㅠ 유 (yu) ㅡ + ··
ㅕ 여 (yeo) ·· + ㅣ
☞ 11 complex vowels: ㅐ ㅔ ㅒ ㅖ ㅘ ㅙ ㅝ ㅞ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ
Examples
Canada
캐나다 = ㅋ+ㅐ ㄴ+ㅏ ㄷ+ㅏ
Ottawa
오타와 = (ㅇ)+ㅗ ㅌ+ㅏ (ㅇ)+ㅘ
Stephen
스티븐 = ㅅ+ㅡ ㅌ+ㅣ ㅂ+ㅡ+ㄴ
Harper
하퍼 = ㅎ+ㅏ ㅍ+ㅓ
☞
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