1991ڂࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇ઩ছۀ֜୪ࢺ࣑ଲคୋܣઘ௃࣎ୡৃැࢼঃր ࣪ঃୡৃැࢼঃଲசઘ஺ճ଼ଣ

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Korea

Legislation Research Institute

ၙǎŝ⋱ӹ݅᮹

ᱽᯱᖒ⯍೒ᨱݡ⦽ჶᱢǍᱽ

ᯕݍ⮕

(2)

ⷚ 3ⵎ# ⛯㴪ḯ⮎# ᢾ㬚# ≓⶿# ጪⷚ

(3)

(4)

J

ࢠ֝

ࡋୠ ࢠ֝ଭ ন็߭઩ ۩෉ ச૬ ࣑ߡଡ ॼආ࣪࡟, ࢢ࣑֫ր ଲଭ

ਓෘଡ଍෉EEOCଭԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଲ଼ଣ.

1964ڂ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ఙ࣢ׁ஺ָ୨઩ ন็߭઩ ւ෉ ָ୨ଠ

ઢଞي, ࣑଀ଠఙ࣢ॷକ઩එ෌ܤۗճൡਏ෌.

1991ڂࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇ઩ছۀ֜୪ࢺ࣑ଲคୋܣઘ௃࣎ୡৃැࢼঃր

࣪ঃୡৃැࢼঃଲசઘ஺ճ଼ଣ.

EEOCଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ਓෘଡ ଍ැ EEOCԧ ୨෉

஺ಅছହ. ଲ߇෉ ஺ಅছۀ ࣑଀઩ ଭ෇઱ ࣑ୡ ֜ুߚଲ ଴୨ܣճ

଼ଣ.

ࢠ֝ଭ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠন็߭઩۩ැ1986ڂfederal law઩ছׁ஺෇ճ

଼ۀ নఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾ޭճ ෌. ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson ॷՍ઩ছ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ ׁ஺ܤ নఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾ࠜ

൉࣢ฃ෉ՓଲEEOC Guidelinesޭճ෌.

ச૬෉ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଞߦۀ 1980ڂ EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Guidelines on Discrimination Because of Sex)ଲ଼ଞ࡝, ଲۀন็߭઩۩෉ ॷ૳

ୀଭ థହր ࡟థଡ ָ୨෇࡝, ॷ૳ୀۀ ন็߭ଭ ુࢺଡ ଍෉

ࡦ݃୺౿ࠜ౫්Փଡָ୨෇ճ଼ଣ.

1990ڂEEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Policy Guidance on Current Issue of Sexual Harassment)઩ছۀ, Meritor ॷՍଡծ׆ߦঃॷଭন็߭઩ ۩෉

ॷ૳ୀ థହր ন็߭ଭ ࢺ஺૕ Թটథ઩ ւ෇઱ ঃপ෇՚ ׆২ ܣઘ଼ଣ.

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JJ

ࢺ஺ڋߚଭ ෂ૬ন))ଠ ॷ૳ୀԧ ճ૳෉ ஂડ଀ଭ ন็߭઩

۩෇઱ܑॷ૳ୀԧథହଲ଼ۗճ ָ୨෇ճ଼ଣ.

୪3ୀন็߭ଭԹڄրনࠩ૬Ս

୪3ୀ ন็߭ଭ Թڄଠ ଵࢱୡ ন็߭଴ ۩ԧ෴ ন็߭ր ฅլ෴

ন็߭ଡୢ୪ߦଲ߇෉ন็߭ଭச఼ԧ୪3ୀ଴Փଡ࠱෌.

ࢠ࣑֝଀ଠ୪3ୀন็߭઩۩෇઱ॷ૳ୀԧథହ஺׆଍෉૬Ս ଞߦছ ୪3ୀন็߭ෘ଍ԧۜԯ஺ੴۀෘ଍ଵՓ, ֻෘ଍ԧ

ন(sex or gender)઩ ֽՋ෇઼ଡ Փ, ֻ ෘ଍ԧ ୡ۩ୡ ֽߦ

ฅլଡ࠮݁ۀ܁౦ंํਕԨ෇઼Ջي࠮઴ැ଼ત׆ݡࢂ઩඿ැ

ୀଭճ૳׆ԩଲي୺Ս઩ઽේଡࢠెଡՓ, ॷ૳ୀԧন็߭ଡ

ੵ੼Ջي ੵ ৤ ଼તଡ Փ, ॷ૳ୀԧ ୀ਑ଭ ധ୪ ٛ઩ ଼ۀ

ন็߭ଡ ુࢺ෇Ջي ֜୪෇׆ ଍෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇஺ ੴ੼ଡ Փଡ

ஹࡣැઉ࠮෌.

୪3ୀন็߭֜୪୪ܑ

ন็߭઩۩෉ࢠ֝ଭ֜୪୪ܑۀۗઑ෉෴೾ߦਓෘܦ.

ࡋୠ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ෘ୨ୡ ֜୪ۀ ෘ୨׆ւ଴ EEOC઩ ଭ෉

֜୪ࠜ࠱෌.

ச(᲼)ଭվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑(State Fair Employment Practices Laws: EEP)઩

ଭ෉ ֜୪ԧ ଼ଣ. ள ச࣑઩ছۀ ࢢ࣑֫ କॷଭ ָ୨ր ࣑ୡ

֜୪ࠜܪճ଼ଣ. Ԩசଭվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑(Fair employment practice statute)ଲন็߭઩ୡ૳ܦ.

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JJJ

ऄ࣑ෘ଍ࠜ଺ஹ෇ۀՓହ.

ࠬ஺࠭ଞߦ෴ඌୡ ࣑ୡ֜୪૕෴ॷୡ୪୍ԧ଼ଣ.

- ෴ඌୡ ֜୪઩ۀ ଴୸೥ൖज ֜୪(ন็߭ଭ ծুୡ ࢳ঍ଡ

ׁ஺෇ۀ ֜୪, େ୨ୡ ׁ஺ࡣߡ), ࣫஻, ীׂହׁ஺ׂ,

ැէׁଲ଼ଣ.

- ࣑ୡ ֜୪ߦছۀ ࣪ঃୡ ࢫ ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃଲ ଼ଣ. ֽߦୀԧ

֜୪ࢲଡ৤଼ۀ࣪ঃୡࢫ௃࣎ୡৃැࢼঃ઩ۀ෉ܑԧ଼ଣ.

- ࠬ஺࠭ଞߦ ෴ॷ୪୍ԧ ଼ଣ. ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଠ ন็߭ ඿ැୀ઩՚

௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃଡ එ෌෉ ࢢॷୡ ֜୪థଡ ୪վ෇஺࠮ ෴ॷୡ଴

֜୪థଠָ୨෇஺ੴճ଼ଣ.

಑يۗ

಑يۗ ڋܛ࣑ୢ(the Canadian Labour Code) ଠ ন็߭ଡ Թڄ

୨ଭ෇ճ ଼ଣ. ۩࣑଀ଠ ন็߭ଡ নఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾ߦ ଴୨෇ճ

଼ଞ࡝, ଴࣑֫(Canadian Human Rights Act)ঃ ఙ࣢ׁ஺ ୺ාଡ

ୡ૳෌. ֻ էր ন็߭઩ ۩ැ ࣑଀઩ ੿ছ ଴֫଍଀ฎ ࢫ ଴֫

୍ൡী઩ছࡋୠ֜୪୺౿ԧԧۇ෌.

಑يۗ઩ছۀ ஻ୋঃॷ, ܛ߹ֽߦୀ ݊ଲ ֽߦୀ઩ ۩ැ ন็߭෉

լ૴ ۥැ ॷડୋ ॷ૳ୀଭ ۩ࠤథହ(vicarious liability)ଡ ଴୨෇ճ

଼ଣ. ॷ૳ୀۀ ‘ճ૳ ண(in the course of their employment)’ ন็߭

݊ଡෘ෉ֽߦୀଭఙ࣢ୡళ૴઩۩ැథହଲ଼ۗճ࣪ճ, ੰ૷߇

଴࣑֫ଭ ࡧୡଡ ճߙ් ݡ઩ܑ ॷ૳ୀۀ ఙ࣢ୡ ళ૴ࠜ ֜୪්

஺଍઩ ଼ۀ କଵ෉ ୀଲ࢛ߦ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ థହଡ ऀր් ෂ૬ԧ

଼ۗճ࣯.

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JW

߭઩ Թ଺් ଭࡿܑ ଼ଣ. ॷ૳ୀۀ ճԺ ૴টசଭ઩ ݗࠛۗճ

෇઱థହଡฎ඿්৤ઢଣ. ճԺ઩ଭ෉ন็߭ଭլ૴ॷ૳ୀۀ

ડࡿ৤ෘ ୋীଭ ୺Ս઩ ۩ැ ԧୋ Գߚ෉ ധ୪ࠜ ෇ճ, ֻ߇෉

ন็߭ଡ ֽୣਏ೬׆ ଍ැ ตրୡଞߦ Թ଺ැઉ ෌. ॷ૳ୀଭ

ਓாୡ థହଠ ୪3ୀ઩ ۩෉ ॷ૳ୀଭ ധ୪ଭ ࣐଍૕ ॷ૳ୀԧ

୪3ୀଭෘ଍઩۩ැԧா৤଼ۀ࣑ۗࠛࠔঃథହ઩ۜߙ଼ଣ.

୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩෉ ॷ૳ୀଭ థହଠ ୪෉ܥ ৤ ଼ଣ. ตրୡ଴

ন็߭ ુࢺଡ ଍෉ ୨థஜಀ(಑يۗ ڋܛ࣑ঃ ୨థஜಀ઩ එ෌

ܣઘઉ ෇ۀ ٛ૳ଲ ָ୨ܣઘ ଼ଣ)ଲ ଼ۀ լ૴ ଴֫଍଀ฎ઩

஼୨ଲ୪׆ܤլ૴઩ܑॷ૳ୀଭథହଠԮী්৤଼ଣ. ॷ૳ୀԧ

ֽߦୀଭ ন็߭ ճ౦୪׆઩ ۩ැ ୡּୡଲճ ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ

౫෇ۀ լ૴ థହଡ Ԯীਏ೯ ৤ ଼ଣ. ࠮ઊ ଲ߇෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇஺

ੴଡլ૴଴࣑֫ঃন็߭థହଡऀ්ۡ৤଼ଣ.

ଲ૕ Զଲ ಑يۗ઩ছۀ ׆࣭ୡଞߦ ஻ୋٛ઩ছ ন็߭ଲ ࢳ঍෉

լ૴ ֽߦୀࠜ ࣪෹෇׆ ଍෉ ુࢺ ࢫ ୺౿ ଭࡿԧ ୼୍෇ۀ

ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ థହଡ ࢄଡ ৤ ଼ۀ ୪ܑࠜ ࠬߛ෇ճ ଼ଞي, ୪3ୀ

࣭଴ր ୪3ୀଭ ॷ૳ୀ઩ ۩෉ ୪୍ ւߛ ָ୨ଠ ణੰ࣪׆ ઘߙૺ.

ݗޭছ ন็߭ ԧැୀ଴ ୪3ୀ઩ ۩ැছۀ ෴ॷঃ ন౟ෘ ݊઩

ැۥܥ լ૴ ճীࠜ ෇ۀ ࢺ࣑, ֻࠤճ ࢢॷঃ ৃැࢼঃ ఻֜ଭ

ࢺ࣑ଲ ԧۇ් Փହ. ୪3ୀଭ ॷ૳ୀ઩ ۩ැছۀ ࢢॷঃ ॷ૳ୀଭ

ડࡿ஺ฬԮܒ֫ଡճߙැॷ૳ୀథହଡࢄଡ৤଼ଡՓହ.

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. ंজଭࢼլ

··· 1

. ࢠ֝ଭন็߭֜୪୪ܑ

··· 2

1. ন็߭઩ւ෉ண૬࣑ߡ··· 2

(1) ࢢ࣑֫(The Civil Rights Act) ··· 2

(2) EEOCଭԧଲ݁ޭ଴ ··· 5

2. ୪3ୀন็߭ଭԹڄրনࠩ૬Ս ··· 8

(1) ন็߭ଭԹڄ ··· 8

(2) ন็߭ଭনࠩ૬Ս(EEOC ஺ಅ) ··· 10

(3) ୪3ୀଭন็߭ଭକ෴րథହ ··· 11

3. ֜୪୪ܑ··· 16

(1) ෘ୨ୡ֜୪ ··· 17

(2) Թ଴ୡ֜୪ ··· 28

(3) ෴ඌୡࢫ࣑ୡ֜୪૕෴ॷୡ୪୍ ··· 29

. ಑يۗଭন็߭֜୪୪ܑ

··· 38

1. ন็߭ଭ୨ଭ··· 38

2. ন็߭઩۩෉ॷ૳ୀଭథହ··· 39

3. ন็߭ଭକ෴··· 41

4. ন็߭ധծ··· 41

5. ֜୪··· 42

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(3) ஻ડՍԳࢫੲୢ࣑(Occupational Health and Safety

Act)ঃ֜୪ ··· 47

(4) ڋܛ୺෍ଡധ෉֜୪ ··· 47

(5) ෴࣑ঃ֜୪ ··· 48

(6) ࢢ࣑ঃ֜୪ ··· 48

. ंজէրࢫ૴ࠤيޭ઩ਏॷ୥

··· 50

[ఞ ճ ࢂ ෝ]

··· 53

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. ᇥᕾ᮹႑Ğ

෮ෘ࣑ঃ ճԺ݊ ୪3ୀ઩ ଭ෉஻ୋ ٛন็߭ ࢳ঍ਏෘ଍ୀ ॣ

ੰۍޭ ෘ଍ୀԧ ীু෉ ॷડୋଭ ॷડச઩ ۩෉ ୪୍୺౿ԧ ઢଣ.

ݗޭছ ୪3ୀ ন็߭ਏ ෘ଍ୀ૕ ۳ऄઘ ෘ଍ୀ ীু ॷડୋଭ

ॷડச઩ ۩෉ ୪୍୺౿ଭ ෂ૬নଲ ୪׆ܣճ ଼ଣ. ଲ૕ ւߛැ

ࢠ֝ր ಑يۗ઩ ւߛ ଺࣑ߢԧ ୼୍෇ۀ஺ ઱ऀ ۩ැ ंজ෇઱

૴ࠤيޭଭ୨థࢺේড୨઩ఞճ෇ճୀ෌.

෮ෘ࣑ঃॷ૳ୀ, ঃॷ, ܛ߹݊઩ଭ෉ন็߭ଭլ૴૕ۜࠤ୪3ୀ

ন็߭ଭ լ૴ ֻ ෘ଍ୀ ࢫ ֻ ෘ଍ୀ ীু ॷડୋଭ ॷડச઩

۩෉ ୪୍ࢫֻ ਓตনۡ࣪ԧ૳ଲ෇஺ੴଠ౸࡟ଲ଼ଣ.

ֻ ଲକۀ ෮ෘ࣑ଲ ճԺ ݊ ડࡿ૕ ࢤ୦෉ ւߛଲ ଼ۀ ୀԧ

ֽߦୀ઩ ۩ැ ন็߭ଡ ෉ լ૴ ඿ැֽߦୀଭ ॷડச઩ ۩෉

ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇ܑߧ ڋߚ් ଭࡿࠜ ऀր෇ճ ଼ճ, ැճ ݊

ऄଲଳ ୺౿઩ ۩ැছۀ ׁ஺ଭࡿ ࢫ ଲ઩ ۩෉ ଍ࢱਏ ր೾߹ࠜ

ऀր෇ճ ଼ଡ ॣ, ԧැୀ଴ ճԺ ݊ ୪3ୀ઩ ۩෉ ൉࣢෉ ୪୍

୺౿ࠜࠬߛ෇ճ ଼஺ ੴ׆ ݡࢂହ.

ন็߭ւߛ ਓ೾୺ॷ էր઩ ݗ࠙࡟ ୢ఼ ন็߭ ࢳ঍Ս৤ ۩ण

ճԺ ݊ ୪3ୀ઩ ଭ෉ ஻ୋ ٛ ন็߭ଲ 16%ࠜ ٱճ ଼ଣ.¹⁾ ෮ෘ

࣑ঃ ন็߭ଭ ச఼ۀ ճԺ ݊ ୪3ୀ઩՚ߦ ค۩ܣત஺࠮, ୪3ୀଭ

ন็߭઩ ۩෉ థହ ச఼ۀ ඿ැֽߦୀଭ ॷડச઩ ֝෉ܣઘ

଼ଞ࢛ߦଲ઩۩෉୍Ցഠଭෂ૬নଲ ଼ۀ Փଞߦ࣪ହ.

ݗޭছ ࢠ֝ր ಑يۗ઩ছଭ ন็߭ ւߛ ࣑୪ܑ ࢫ ૶૳઩ ۩෉

Ցഠࠜ ധැ ୪3ୀ ন็߭઩ ۩෉ థହ ச఼ࠜ ୪3ୀ ࣭଴ ࢫ

୪3ୀଭॷ૳ୀ઩՚ג஺ ค۩්৤ ଼ۀ஺઱ऀࠜࡦআ් Փହ.

1) ࢢசڋ౑, ઱নڋܛୀ஻ୋٛন็߭ਓ೾୺ॷࢫ۩ੲ઴֜, 2011.8, 52࡟.

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. ၙǎ᮹ᖒ⯍೒Ǎᱽᱽࠥ

1. ন็߭઩ւ෉ண૬࣑ߡ

(1) ၝǭჶ(The Civil Rights Act)

1) 1964ڂଭࢢ࣑֫

઴ࢺ ୪୨࣑ଞߦছ ճ૳ఙ࣢ଡ ָଘ෇ճ ଼ۀ ࣑ଠ Civil Rights Act Title VIIହ. ࠯ଠ ઴ࢺ࣑ଠ Թ଴ଭ ܛଵڋܛ֫ଡ ָ୨෇ճ

଼ଣ. 1981ୋ ੰ޹ছ ࣑ୡ ী৉઩ ւ෇઱ சߦ ચׂܣઘ ଼ଞ࡝,

଴ஂ઩׆ొ෉ఙ࣢ଡ ֜୪෌.

1964ڂଭ Civil Rights Act Title VII(ଲ෇ ‘ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ’ଲޭ ෉ۗ)ଠ

ճ૳ෘ଍઩଼ઘছ ఙ࣢ଡׁ஺෇ۀ઴ࢺ࣑ଭணਕହ. ளࢢ࣑֫

୪7ඇଠ ճ૳઩ছ ఙ࣢ׁ஺ࠜ ָ୨෇ۀ ࣑ࠔଲճ 15଴ ଲঃଭ ڋܛ

ୀࠜ ճ૳෇ۀ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ճ૳ܤ ࢢԩ ڋܛୀ, ઴ࢺ୨ऀ஻଀, ઴ࢺ ଭฎ஻଀, ச୨ऀ஻଀, ஺ࢺୀ౿఼஻଀઩՚ୡ૳ܣۀճ૳࣪෹࣑ହ.²⁾ ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଠ଀ಀୡଞߦசԩധঃ(interstate commerce)઩ઽේଡ ࢠ౿ۀ ॺડ઩ছ ۥැ ઴ܑ ށۀ ଲୢ ઴ܑ઩ 20ச ଲঃ Ԩ ֽࡿ

࣢ߦ ֽߦୀ 15଴ ଲঃଡ ॷ૳෇ۀ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ୡ૳ܣ࡝, 1954ڂ

ٛ֝প࣑(Internal Revenue Code)઩ ଭ෇઱ րপԧ ࡟୪ܣۀ ஼୨෉

ॷୡ ฎ଀୪೨ߌ઩۩ැছۀୡ૳ଲ୪૤ܦ.

ச୨ऀ ٛ஺ ஺ࢺ୨ऀଭ լ૴ ଵࢱ ॷ૳ୀ૕ ۗࠝઢଲ ֻ ୡ૳ଭ

۩ঃଲ ܦ. ۚ, ஂ֗ࠜ ଲକߦ ෇ۀ ఙ࣢ଭ լ૴ ஂ఼֗ۚ઩ছۀ

ֻ ୡ૳ଲ ࢼ୪ܣ࡝, ஂ఼֗ۚ ୀ఼ۀ ੰۍ஺࠮ ஂ఼֗ۚ઩ ଭ෇઱

2) Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, 1999, pp. 3 et s.

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ਓாୡଞߦ ૶ઽܣՋي ֗րր୨ଲ ট֗ࠜ ࡧୡଞߦ ෇ճ ଼ۀ

֗ଖ׆ւ ܑ݊ ࠬఛԧ஺ହ.³⁾ ށ෉1971ڂଭࢢ࣑֫ଠச࣑ଭ૤ւଡ

஺ۍճ ฆܛ෇ۀ ୀ(person acting under color of state law)઩ ଭ෉

઴ࢺෝ࣑ ઴ࢺ࣑ঃଭ֫ࠤಅැߦऀഉԹ଴ଡ࣪෹෇׆଍෉࣑ࠔହ.⁴⁾ ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଠॷ૳ୀԧԹ଴ଭ଴ஂ, ඿ऀআ, ஂ֗, ন࣢ށۀౢ਑

֝ୡଡ ଲକߦ Թ଴ଡ త૳෇஺ ੴՋي ෺ଠ త૳ଡ Ջୣ෇Ջي

ැճ෇Ջي ށۀ ճ૳ւߛ ࣪৤, ׆ԩ, ୺Ս, ֫ࠤ઩ ւ෇઱ Թ଴ଡ

ఙ࣢෇ۀ Փଡ ऄ࣑ճ૳ෘ଍ߦছ ׁ஺෇ճ ଼ଣ. Թ଴ଭ ন࣢ ݊ଡ

ଲକߦ ෇઱, ౫ડ׆ฎࠜ ࢮ೷෇Ջي ށۀ ࢮ೷් ৤ ଼ۀ ࢺ࣑

ଞߦ ށۀ ֽߦୀߦছଭ ஺଍઩ ऀ୨ୡ଴ ઽේଡ ࢠ౿ۀ ࢺ࣑ଞߦ

ֽߦୀ ށۀ త૳஺଀ୀࠜ ୪෉, ंࠤ, ֜ं෇ۀ Փܑ લਏ ऄ࣑

ճ૳ෘ଍ߦছ ָ୪ܦ.⁵⁾

෉ඇ, ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଠ ॷ૳ୀଭ ఙ࣢ୡ ճ૳ෘ଍ॣ࠮ ੰۍޭ ন࣢

݊ଡ ଲକߦ ճ૳ੵট׆ւଲي ڋܛ఼ۚ ݊ଲ ෘ෇ۀ ճ૳ఙ࣢

લਏ ׁ஺෇ճ ଼ଣ. ֻ߉܁ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ۀ ন็߭઩ ۩෉

൉࣢෉ ָ୨ଲ ઢଣ. ள ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ ন็߭઩ ۩෉ ൉࣢ ָ୨ ଲ ઢ஺࠮ ন็߭ଡ নఙ࣢ߦ ଴୨෇ۀ ൡߢԧ ي೴ي՚ ܣઘ ন

็߭ଡ ࢢ࣑֫ଭ নఙ࣢ָ୨઩ ୡ૳ଲ ܣ՚ ܣતଣ. ள 1970ڂ۩ บ ࢱऀഉ ন็߭ଡ 703୺(a)ࠜ ଍ࢱ෉ নఙ࣢ଲޭۀ ী৉ଲ ي೴يճ

଼ଞ࡝, 1976ڂଭWilliams v. Saxbe, 413 F. Cases 1093(DDC 1976)ଭ

ൡէ઩ছ ౖొߦন็߭ଲনఙ࣢ଲޭۀசୋଲ਎ী෇઼ଣ.⁶⁾ 1964ڂ

3) ඿૳෹, “ࢢ࣑֫ঃ নఙ࣢ ճ૳ෘ଍૕ ஼୨ୁડୀգଭ ଴୨࣐଍”, ڋܛ࣑ڍ౑

୪15ு, ෉֝ण֗ڋܛ࣑෈ฎ, 56࡟.

5) David P. Twomey, Labor & Employment Law, Thomson, p.387.

6) ࢮটઽ ଗ۴լ ࢮ࣫০ ׌୨෵ ୋࢢট, ন็߭ւߛ࣑୪઩ ۩෉ ଺࣑ඌԧ, ෉֝

࣑୪઴֜଀, 2011, 109࡟.

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ଭ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଲ ন็߭ଭ ඿ැୀ઩՚ ෉୨ܤ ֜୪ࠜ சճ ଼ તଣ. 1991ڂ ୢ઩ۀ ন็߭ॷՍ઩ছ ਎ী෉ ඿ැୀ઩՚ ଴୨೥

ୡ଴ ࢫ ୡּୡ ֜୪ࠜ ࢲଡ ৤ ଼ۀ ୀգଲ சઘ୷ଣ. ଲ߇෉

֜୪઩ۀ ࣫஻, ীׂହׁ஺ׂ, ැէׁ(front pay), ঃਓ෉ ׂ઱, ࣡

෹ॷण૳րଲୀࠜඑ෌෇ճ଼ଣ.

2) 1991ڂଭࢢ࣑֫

1991ڂ઩ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଭଲ૳ԧۇ෉֜୪ۀ۳คୋܦ. ளଲ࣑ଠ

൉࣢෇՚ ճଭୡ ఙ࣢ր ऄ࣑ୡ ন็߭઩ ۩෇઱ ୡୣ෉ ֜୪ࠜ

୪վ෇ۀ Փଡ ࡧୡଞߦ ෉ۗճ ָ୨෇ճ ଼ଣ. ֻࠤ෇઱ ন็߭઩

۩෇઱ ࣪ঃୡ ৃැࢼঃր ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃଭ ֜୪ԧ ଴୨ܦ.

ଲ߇෉ ֜୪ଭ ค۩ ૤઩ܑ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ ଭ෇઱ ୢ઩ۀ ࣪෹

ܣ஺ ੴۀ ֽߦୀܑ ࣪෹෇઱ ࣪෹ܣۀ ֽߦୀଭ ࣐଍ࠜ ค۩෇ճ

଼ଣ.⁷⁾ ऀ઴෇࡟ 1991ڂࢢ࣑֫୪3ඇ(Government Employee Right Act: ୨ऀ඿૳ୀ֫ࠤ࣑)ଠ஺ׁג஺ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଭୡ૳۩ঃଲܣ஺

ੴ੼۶۩ധߡହࡣୀ, ঃ଀ਆ೾ඹ, টՋ઩ଭැটౢܤசվࡿ଀ଭ

ਆ೾ඹ, ୨థୁনਆ೾ඹ, ઘ݁ࢭଲୠ ࢫ ଲ߇෉ บ࣪ୀ઩ ۩෇઱

ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଭ ֜୪ࠜค۩෇઱ ୡ૳෇ճ଼ଣ.⁸⁾

1991ڂ઩ Թ୨ܤ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଠ ࢠ֝ ૤઩ছ ࢠ֝ਏࢢ଴ լ૴

ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ୡ૳ଡ ָ୨෇ճ ଼ଣ. ள ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ஜ৤ԧ

ॷડୋ ী୍ ૤࣑֝ࠔ઩ ଍ࢱ෇ۀ էրԧ ܣ۳ޭܑ ଍࣑෉ Փଞߦ

࣪஺ ੰۍ෇࡝ ॷ૳ୀԧ ࢠ֝ ਏࢢଭ լ૴ޭܑ ૤֝઩ছ ճ૳෇ۀ

૤֝଴઩ ۩෇઱ۀୡ૳෇஺ੰۍ෌.⁹⁾

7) Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, Westport, 1999, p. 123.

9) ඿૳෹, “ࢢ࣑֫ঃ নఙ࣢ ճ૳ෘ଍૕ ஼୨ୁડୀգଭ ଴୨࣐଍”, ڋܛ࣑ڍ౑ ୪ 15ு, ෉֝ण֗ڋܛ࣑෈ฎ, 56࡟.

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(2) EEOC᮹ aᯕऽ௝ᯙ

઴ࢺ࣑଴ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଡ ীւ෇ۀ EEOCԧ ࢢ࣑֫ ਏෘଡ ଍ැ

୨෉ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ ঃۥํ ண૬෌. ࢢ࣑֫઩ছ ָ୨෇ճ ଼஺ ੴۀ

ন็߭ଭ୨ଭيॷ૳ୀథହଡԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠָ୨෇ճ଼ଣ. ࣑଀ଠ

ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଡ ࢲੰ݅઱ ැজ෇࡟ছ ࢢ࣑֫ଡ ୡ૳෇ճ ଼ઘ ԧଲ݁

ޭ଴ଠண૬෉ ࣑଀ଞߦܣճ଼ଣ.¹⁰⁾

ࢠ֝ଭ ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ ন็߭ଡ 1986ڂ federal law઩ছ ׁ஺෇ճ

଼ۀ নఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾ޭճ ෌. ள ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson¹¹⁾઩ছ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ ׁ஺ܤ নఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾

ࠜ൉࣢ฃ෉Փଲ EEOC Guidelinesޭճ ෌.¹²⁾

ݗޭছEEOCԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠন็߭઩ւߛܤࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଭசܤ

૬ীࠜ ֜ন෇ۀ܁ ଼ઘছ ࣑ୡ ֜ুߚଲ ଼ۀ টࡣ෉ ஺ಅଡ

୪վ෇ճ଼ଣ.¹³⁾

1) 1980ڂ EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Guidelines on Discrimination Because of Sex)¹⁴⁾

1980ڂଭ EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠॷ૳ୀۀ ஂડ଀ଲ෉ ন็߭ෘ଍઩

۩෇઱ ֻՓଡ ଴୨෗ۀ஺ ށ෉ ଵճ ଼તۀ஺ ઱ऀ૕ ঃւઢଲ

11) Supreme Court of The United States, 477 U.S.57(1986). Mechelle Vinsonଲ Meritor Savings Bankଭऀෘୋ଴Sidney Taylorԧֻଠෘ઩ছֽࡿ෇઼۶1974ڂ઩ছ1977ڂ

׆ԩ઩ ন็߭ଡ ෗ۗճ ෇઱ ࣑଀઩ ୪ী෉ ॷՍହ. ஺ࢺ࣑଀ଠ ন็߭ଲ ੰۍޭճ

ൡۚ෇઼ճ, ճ࣑݊଀ଠ ন็߭ଞߦ ൡۚ෇઼ଣ. ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ ճ࣑݊଀ଭ ൡէଡ

஺஺෉ॷՍହ.

13) J.Ralph Lindgren, The Law of Sex Discrimination, Thomson, 2004, 144࡟.

14) 29 CFR 1604.11 - Sexual harassment - GUIDELINES ON DISCRIMINATION BECAUSE OF SEX(Code of Federal Regulations - Title 29: Labor઩ছ CFRଠ Code of Federal Regulationsଭ ઊୀଲ࡝, 29ۀ laborඇହଡ ࠱෇ճ ଼ଣ. 1604ۀ EEOCԧ ୪୨෉ ஺ಅ

ऀं(PART)ଲճ ֻ ண 11ଲ Sexual harassmentऀंଲ࡝, ۜࠤ GUIDELINES ON DISCRIMINATION BECAUSE OF SEXޭճܑ෉ۗ).

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ֻ థହଡ ऀۡ෉ۗۀ Փր ۗ࠮ ॷ૳ୀԧ ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෉

Փଡ ஹࡣ෇࡟ ֻ߇෇஺ ੰۍ෇ۗۀ Փଡ ंࡣํ ෇઼ଣ. EEOCۀ

ށ෉ ॷ૳ୀۀ ন็߭ଡ ુࢺ෇׆ ଍ැ ෂ૬෉ ࡦ݃ ৤ۚଡ ౫

෇ܑߧ ో֜෇ճ଼ଣ.

2) 1990ڂ EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Policy Guidance on Current Issue of Sexual Harassment)

EEOCۀ Meritor ॷՍଡ ծ׆ߦ 1980ڂ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଡ ୍Ցഠ บ

1990ڂ ন็߭઩ ւ෉ ஺ಅ(EEOC Policy Guidance on Current Issue of Sexual Harassment)ࠜࢳඝ෌. ஺ಅଭٛ૳ଠঃॷଭন็߭

઩ ۩෉ ॷ૳ୀ థହր ন็߭ଭ ࢺ஺૕ Թটథ઩ ւ෇઱ ׆২ ܣઘ଼ଣ.

ঃॷଭ ন็߭઩۩෉ॷ૳ୀ థହ

EEOC ஺ಅଭށ෇يଭசࡧ୥ଠॷ૳ୀథହ઩ւ෉Փହ. Meritor ॷՍ઩ছ۩࣑଀ଠଲ୥઩ւ෇઱ॷ૳ୀۀন็߭઩۩෇઱ ୣ۩

ୡ థହଡ ऀۡ෉ۗճ ෉ ාীਕ઩ णැ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ւ۩෉ եැ

ࠜ ઼࣪ଣ. ଲ եැଭ ఙଲۀ 1980ڂଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଲ ٪ࡿ ࠭઴෇

՚ ָ୨ܣઘ ଼ઘছ ଲ߇෉ էրԧ ي೴ٍۗճ ঍Ԩ෇઱ 1990ڂ ଭԧଲ݁ޭ଴઩ছۀଲࠜঃপ෇՚ ছ২෇ճ଼ଣ.

ଲ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴઩ ଭ෇࡟ ۩ԧ෴ଭ ন็߭ଭ լ૴ ॷ૳ୀۀ ාঃ

థହଡ ऀۡ෉ۗճ ܣઘ ଼஺࠮ ฅլ෴ଭ ন็߭ଭ լ૴ ॷ૳ୀԧ

ন็߭ଭ ॷਓଡ ੵճ ଼તۀ஺ ઘݪ෉ ճ౦ళࠤ఼ծԧ ଼તۀ஺

඿ැୀۀ ֻՓଡ ଲ૳෗ۀ஺ ඿ැୀଭ ෹ী઩ ۩෇઱ ઘݵ՚ ۩ళ

෗ۀ஺, ࢂ୪ ෘ଍ԧ ճ૳ଭ ࣐଍ ٛଭ Փ଴஺݊ଭ ૬ী઩ ଭැ

࣫෍ୡଞߦ థହଲ ଼ۗճ ൡۚ෌. ֻ߇ي ଲ ऀंଠ 1999ڂ઩

ॸ୪ܣઘۗਏঃপ෇՚Ցഠܣઘ ܒࠩܤ஺ಅଞߦছࢳඝܦ.

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ন็߭ଭ ࢺ஺૕ Թটథ

EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ ࠬ஺࠭઩ 1980ڂଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଡ ଴૳෇࡟ছ

ॷ૳ୀۀন็߭ଡࢺ஺෇׆଍෉૊Դ୺౿ࠜ౫්Փଡో֜෇ճ,

ֻՓଡ ଍ැছۀ ॷ૳ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩෉୨థଡ ࡣค෇՚ ୪ਏ්

ෂ૬ԧ ଼ۗճ ෌. ֻ ୨థু઩ ॷ૳ୀۀ ন็߭ଲ ࢳ঍෉ լ૴ଭ

ԧැୀ઩ ۩෉ ୪୍઩ ւ෇઱ ාঃ ஂડ଀઩՚ ச஺෌ր ܛਏ઩

ন็߭ଭ ඿ැࠜ ࢲଠ ஂડ଀ଲ ૳ଲ෇՚ ճ౦ଡ ෹ী් ৤ ଼ճ

ֻ ճ౦઩ ஺఼ઢଲ ୡୣ෇՚ ۩ଦ෇ճ ෂ૬෉ լ૴ۀ ඿ැୀࠜ

֜୪් ৤ ଼ۀ ఼୪ࠜ ୨ण෇ܑߧ෌. ֻࠤճ ඿ැ઩ ۩෇઱ ਑ু

෇࡟ছୡୣ෉୺౿ࠜ౫෇ۀՓଲEEOC ୺ॷ઩ଭ෇઱ंࡣැ஺࡟

EEOCۀୁડଡஂ߹෉ۗճԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠէ࠱ଡ஺ଣ.¹⁵⁾

3) 1999ڂଭ EEOCଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Enforcement Guidance: Vicarious Employment Liability for Unlawful Harassment by Supervisors (ॷ૳ୀథହրࢺ஺ڋߚଭෂ૬ন))

1999ڂ EEOCۀ ॷ૳ୀଭ థହ઩ ւ෉ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Enforcement Guidance: Vicarious Employment Liability for Unlawful Harassment by Supervisors)ଡ ࢳඝ෇઼ଣ. ଲ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ 1990ڂଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଭ

ॷ૳ୀథହ઩ ւ෉ ऀंଡ Ձ਑෇ۀ ଭࢠࠜ ԧீ. EEOCۀ ࡦ݃

ন็߭઩ ۩෇઱ ୡୣ෉ ࢺ஺, ֜୪థଡ త೿් Փଡ ॷ૳ୀଭ

ଭࡿߦ ෇ճ, ডߡ ඿ැԧ ي૕ܑ 98ڂଭ ܪ Թଭ ۩࣑଀ ী৉¹⁶⁾

઩ছ ୪׆ܤ ୡּୡ ා࣡ଡ ୪׆් ৤ ଼ۀ ఼୪ࠜ ୨ण෇ܑߧ

ॷ૳ୀࠜ஺ܑ෌.

15) ࢮটઽ ଗ۴լ ࢮ࣫০ ׌୨෵ ୋࢢট, ন็߭ւߛ࣑୪઩ ۩෉ ଺࣑ඌԧ, ෉֝

࣑୪઴֜଀, 2011, 116࡟.

16) Faragher v. City of Boca Raton, 118 S. Ct. 2275(1988); Burlington Industries v.

Ellerth, 118 S. Ct. 2257(1998).

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ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ண઩EEOCۀ۩ԧ෴րฅլ෴ন็߭ଭ֜࣢ଡ඿෇ճ, ճ૳ঃ೾ଭ ஻୦ୡ ࣡ฃ઩ ଲ࠙ۀ ন็߭ଭ լ૴૕ ஻୦ୡ ࣡ฃ઩

ଲ࠙஺ ੴۀ ন็߭ଭ լ૴ࠜ ֜ं෌. ୢୀۀ ী଍ ۩ԧ෴ ন็߭઩

ැۥܥ ৤ ଼ۀ܁ ଲ լ૴ۀ ୡּୡ ා࣡ଠ ଴୨ܣ஺ ੴճ, บୀۀ

ฅլլন็߭઩ැۥܥ৤଼ۀ܁ଲլ૴ۀୡּୡා࣡ଡ්৤

଼ଣ. ள (a) ॷ૳ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ࢺ஺෇઼ଞي ࢳ঍෉ լ૴ۀ ਑ু

෇՚ ۩ଦ් ৤ ଼ۀ ୺౿ࠜ Գ֜෇ճ ଼ଡ Փ, ށ෉ (b)඿ැୀԧ

ন็߭ଡ ࢺ஺ ֜୪෇׆ ଍෇઱ ॷ૳ୀԧ ড୨෉ ׆ฎࠜ ෍ࠤୡ

ଲକ ઢଲ ଲ૳෇஺ ੴճ, ށ෉ ଲ૳෗۳ޭ࡟ ඿ැࠜ ඿් ৤ ଼તଡ

Փଲޭۀ Փଡ ஹࡣ෇࡟ॷ૳ୀథହଡ ฎ඿්৤ ଼ଣ.

ଲ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ ॷ૳ୀథହ઩ ւ෉ ஺ಅଲޭۀ ઑঃଡ ࣪ଲճ

଼஺࠮ ֻ ࢼบ઩ۀ ন็߭ଡ එ෌෉ ็߭ ୢࢱଡ ࣑୨઩ ԧ୲

ૈ׆ ୢ઩ ୠ஺෇ߙۀ ॷ૳ୀଭ ڋߚଡ ో֜෇׆ ଍ැছହ. ள

ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଲ ࡦ݃ ࢠ֝ ֝ࢢ઩ ۩෇઱ ඌ݊෇՚ વࠦ ׆ฎࠜ

ࡦ݃ ۇߚ ଼ۀ Թ଴ଲ ଲ૳් ৤ ଼ܑߧ ෇׆ ଍ැছۀ ஻ࡿ৤

ෘଭ ೧ ୋැԧ ܣۀ ఙ࣢ୡ ন็߭ଡ ஻ୋଞߦऀഉ శඍ෇ۀ

ڋߚଡ ॷ૳ୀ౸ଲ ୡּୡଞߦ ් ෂ૬ԧ ଼ۗۀ EEOCଭ եැ

ԧԧଲ݁ޭ଴઩ي೴ي ଼ଣ.¹⁷⁾

2. ୪3ୀন็߭ଭԹڄրনࠩ૬Ս

(1) ᖒ⯍೒᮹ }ֱ

1) ଵࢱୡন็߭Թڄ

ଵࢱୡଞߦ ࢠ֝ଭ Equal Employment Opportunity Commission(ଲ෇

‘EEOC’ޭ ෉ۗ)ԧ ୪ਏ෉ নఙ࣢ԧଲ݁ޭ଴઩ ݗޭ ন็߭ଭ

17) ࢮটઽ ଗ۴լ ࢮ࣫০ ׌୨෵ ୋࢢট, ন็߭ւߛ࣑୪઩ ۩෉ ଺࣑ඌԧ, ෉֝

࣑୪઴֜଀, 2011, 120࡟.

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Թڄଡ ۩ԧ෴ ন็߭ր ฅլ෴ ন็߭ଞߦ କ෴ฃ෇઱ ডࡣ෇ճ

଼ଣ. ள1980ڂEEOCۀনఙ࣢ԧଲ݁ޭ଴(Guidelines on Discrimi- nation Because of Sex)ଡ ࢳඝ෇ճ, ֻ ু઩ ন็߭઩ ւ෉ ාࡧଡ

එ෌ਏ೰.¹⁸⁾ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴઩ছۀquid pro quo sexual harassment(۩ԧ෴

ށۀ ୺Ս෴ ন็߭)ࠜ ۗଣଭ լ૴ࠜ ୢ୪ߦ ෉ ۜԯ஺ ੴۀ

নୡ ୦ֽ, নෘ଍૬֜ ֻࠤճ নୡ নாଡ ԧ஼ ۗࠛ ෘ଍ޭճ

ָ୨෌. (1) ଲ߇෉ෘ଍ଭ୪ੲଲࢀਏୡށۀࡣਏୡଞߦԹ଴ଭ

ճ૳୺Սଲي ׆ԩଲ ܥ ݡ, ށۀ (2) ଲ߇෉ ෘ଍઩ ۩෉ Թ଴ଭ

Ջऀԧ ֻ߇෉ Թ଴઩՚ ઽේଡ ࢠ౿ۀ ճ૳է୨ଭ ׆ొߦ ॷ૳

ܣતଡݡࠜ࠱෌.

ֻ߇ي ଲ߇෉ ෘ଍ԧ Թ଴ଭ ڋܛ৤ෘ઩ ۩෇઱ ण෍ࠤୡଞߦ

ԩথ෇Ջي ଍෱ୡ, ୡ۩ୡ ށۀ վգୡ଴ ڋܛฅլଡఢ୺෇ߙۀ

ࡧୡ ށۀ ตրࠜ ԧ஺ճ ଼ଡ ݡۀ hostile-environment sexual harassment(ୡ۩ୡฅլ෴ন็߭)ޭ෌.¹⁹⁾

2) ୪3ୀন็߭Թڄ

ճԺଲي ۚշ઩ ଭ෉ ෘ଍ԧ Թ଴ଭ ڋܛ৤ෘ઩ ۩෇઱ ण෍ࠤୡ ଞߦԩথ෇Ջي଍෱ୡ, ୡ۩ୡށۀվգୡ଴ڋܛฅլଡఢ୺෇ۀ

լ૴઩ۀ୪3ୀ઩ଭ෉ୡ۩ୡฅլ෴ন็߭ଲܦ. ளԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ

લਏ ফ঵ (E)૕ (G)઩ছ অߦ૶ ׆ஜଡ ૗ฃ෇ճ ଼ۀ ܁, ফ঵

(E)઩ছ EEOCۀ ճԺଲي ۚշ઩ ଭ෉ ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෉ ন็߭ଡ

ୡ۩ୡ ฅլ෴ ন็߭ଞߦ ౫්ׂ Փ ֻࠤճ րਓ׆ஜଭ ஺ࢼࠜ

ࢲ׆ࠜ ֫෇ճ଼ଣ.²⁰⁾

18) ࢮটઽ ଗ۴լ ࢮ࣫০ ׌୨෵ ୋࢢট, ন็߭ւߛ࣑୪઩ ۩෉ ଺࣑ඌԧ, ෉֝

࣑୪઴֜଀, 2011, 110࡟.

19) MIA L. CAHILL, The Social Construction of Sexual Harassment Law, Ashgate, 2001, pp.25-29.

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(2) ᖒ⯍೒᮹ ᖒพ᫵Õ(EEOC ḡ⋉)

࣑଀ଠ ন็߭ଭ ଴୨ଞߦ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଡ ଴૳෇ճ ଼ճ, ॷ૳ୀ

ܑ ֻՓ઩ ଭ୼෇ճ ଼ଣ. ফ঵(a)઩ছ ָ୨ܤ ୨ଭۀ վୡऀंր

ॷୡऀࢂ઩ ٮࠤ ଲ૳ܣճ ଼ଣ. ֻՓଠ ୺Ս෴ր ฅլ෴ ন็߭

ଡඑ෌෇ճ଼ଣ.²¹⁾ 1) ୺Ս෴ন็߭

୺Ս෴ ন็߭ଲ ܣߙ࡟, హ௒, ඿ැୀԧ ଀෇஺ ੴۀ নୡ ୦ֽଲ

଼ճ, ܭ௒, নୡ ܛ׆ԧ ଼ઘઉ ෇࡝, র௒, ճ૳୺Սঃଭ ऄଲଳଲ

଼ઘઉ ෌. ଲݡ ଀෇஺ ੴۀ নୡ ୦ֽ઩ۀ ඿ැୀଭ ࡣਏୡ଴

Ջୣଭॷԧ ଼ઘઉ෇ۀՓଠੰے.²²⁾ 2) ฅլ෴ন็߭

ฅլ෴ ন็߭ଲ ܣߙ࡟, హ௒, ন઩ ֽՋ෉ ෘ଍ԧ ଼ઘઉ ෇࡝, ܭ௒ ඿ැୀԧ ଀෇஺ ੴۀ ෘ଍઱ઉ ෌. ள ඿ැୀଭ ଭॷ઩ ࢱ

෇઱ Գ૬෇஺ ੴ੼ۗۀ ౸࡟઩ ଼ઘছ ୀࢳন(voluntary)ଠ ন็

߭઩ ଼ઘছ ࢺઘڍࠤԧ ܣ஺ ੴଣ. ள ઘݬ ন઩ ֽՋ෉ ෘ଍ԧ

଀෇஺ ੴଠ ෘ଍, ள ฅઽࢲ஺ ࡮෇ۀ ෘ଍(unwelcome)઩ ැۥܣ ۀ լ૴઩ۀ ন็߭ଲ ܦ.²³⁾ ֻ߇࢛ߦ ࡣࢽํ Ջୣଭॷඝਏࠜ ්

৤ ઢۀ ঃ೾઩ছ ֻ٩ ଼તۗۀ ଭࢠଭ ୀࢳনଠ ฅઽࢲ஺ ࡮෉

ෘ଍઩ ැۥܣۀ Փହ. র௒, নୡ ֠૭Ԯଭ କࢳߦ ଴෉ ճ૳ฅ լଭ ੱฃԧ ଼ઘઉ ෌. ଲ լ૴ ԧැୀଭ ෘܛଠ ୡ۩ୡ ୁડฅ լଡ ఢ୺෌ଞߦਭ ஻ડ෇Ջي ෈਌෇Ջي ׆ւଲ ୪վ෉ ׆ฎ઩

22) ׌ઽࢠ, “஻ୋٛ ন็߭ଭ নࠩր ࣑ୡ థହ”, լँ۩෈֗ ࣑෈জॷ෈଍ڍࢂ, 2002, 53࡟.

23) Supreme Court of The United States, 477 U.S.57(1986).

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ఞ઱් Թ଴ଭ ۇߚଡ ࢺැ් ୨ܑߦ ౦ंํ ਕԨ෇Ջي ஺ুୡ ଞߦ ࢭ؛ઘઉ ෌. ݗޭছ ֻ ચܛଲ ੰச գਕ෉ լ૴ࠜ ୪૤෇

ճۀ ۚ ଵฎଭ ચܛ࠮ଞߦ ฅլ෴ ন็߭ଲ নࠩܤۗճ ࣪׆ ઘ ߙૺ. ֻࠤճ ୡ۩ୡ ୁડฅլଭ ୺ন઱ऀۀ ঃจଭ ౑఼নଲޯ

ւ୥઩ছ ൞ੱ෇઱ઉ ෇࡝, ඿ැୀଭ ࣫ୋ, ચઘ, ෘܛ ݊ր Զଠ

૬଴ܑ݅ එ෌෇઱ ୢ఼ ঃจଡ ճߙ෇઱ઉ ෌. ଲ߇෉ ঃจ઩

ଭ෇઱඿ැୀԧਕࠤୡ඿ැࠜ଺ઘઉ෇ۀՓଠੰے.²⁴⁾ (3) ᱽ3ᯱ᮹ ᖒ⯍೒᮹ ᮁ⩶ŝ ₦ᯥ

1) ॷ૳ୀଭ ડࡿ୺Ս઩ ଭ෉ ୪3ୀ ন็߭ଭକ෴

ડࡿֻୀ఼઩ଭ෇઱ ૬֜ܤ ୁડ୺Ս

ॷฎധڄঃ ॷ૳ୀԧ ࢳඝ෉ ડࡿ୺Սଲ ૬֜ܤۗ࡟ ֻ߇෉ ડࡿ

୺Սଠ ॷฎԧ ෛ૳෇ۀ ࣐଍ޭճ ෇઱ઉ ් Փହ. ֻ߇෉ ঃจ઩ছ

ડࡿ୺Սଠ ෍࣑নଡ Դճ ଼׆ ݡࢂ઩ ୪୍ࠜ ් ৤ ઢଣ.²⁵⁾ ݗޭছଲ߇෉ડࡿ୺Ս઩ছ୪3ୀԧন็߭ଡ෗ۗ࡟ଲՓଠॷ૳ୀ

ୀ਑ଭন็߭ଠܣ஺ੴճ০৤෉୪3ୀ࠮ଭন็߭ଲܥՓହ.

ુಟ۩ يଲൈ೨ߌ઩ছଭ ࡿ็݅઩՚ ઘݬ ૒ଡ ଺ଞޭճ ૬֜

෗ճ, ֻ߇෉ ડࡿ୺Ս઩ ଭ෇઱ ճԺ଴ ୪3ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ෗ۗ

࡟ ଲՓଠ ॷ૳ୀ ୀ਑ଭ ন็߭઩ۀ ැۥܣ஺ ੴ׆ ݡࢂ઩ ୪3

ୀଭ ন็߭ଡ ֽߦୀԧ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ऄඌ෗ଡ ݡ ॷ૳ୀԧ ଲ઩

ளԨୡଲճ ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ෇஺ ੴ੼ଡ լ૴઩ ॷ૳ୀۀ ࢼߙଭ

ࡿଭ ଍ࢱଞߦథହଡ ஼ۗճ් ৤଼ଣ.

24) ׌ઽࢠ, “஻ୋٛ ন็߭ଭ নࠩր ࣑ୡ థହ”, լँ۩෈֗ ࣑෈জॷ෈଍ڍࢂ, 2002, 54࡟.

25) ડࡿ ֻ ୀ఼ଭ নா઩ছ ૬֜ܣۀ ડࡿ୺Սଠ bona fideࠜ ֽՋߦ ෇઼ճ, bona fideۀ ࣑ୡ ঃจଭ ෍࣑নଡ ࠱෇׆ܑ ෇࢛ߦ ડࡿ ֻ ୀ఼઩ ૬֜ܤ ડࡿ୺Սଠ

෍࣑ฃܤۗۀ Փଲۗ(Henri ROLAND/Laurent BOYER, LOCUTIONS LATINES DU DROIT FRAN쬹AIS, litec, Paris, 1993, p. 37).

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ડࡿୀ఼૕ ւߛ ઢଲ ૬֜ܤ ୁડ୺Ս

஻ࡿଭ নாঃ ֻ߇෉ ડࡿ୺Սଲ ૬֜ܣ஺ ੴଣ઩ܑ ऄ֜෇ճ

ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෇઱ ઘݪ෉ ন็߭ଡ କࢳਏ೯ ৤ ଼ۀ ୀপࠜ ૬

֜෗ճ ଲߦ ଴෇઱ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭ଡ କܑ෇ۀ ฅլଲ ୺নܣ તճ, ୪3ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ෗ۗ࡟ ॷ૳ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ෇஺ ੴ੼ۗ

ճ්৤ ଼ۀԧହ.

ଲ߇෉ լ૴઩ۀ ୪3ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ෇ۀ ր୨ଡ ॼආ࣪ੰઉ ්

Փହ. ુಟ۩ ॷ૳ୀԧ ෎൬ൖࠜ ଺ଞޭճ ෇઼ଡ ݡ ֽߦୀ ށ ۀ ন็߭ଡ ۥ෉ ۥॷୀԧ ֠૭Ԯր ෰ૈԮଡ ھق஺ ੴ੼ۀԧ ହ. ૞٤෇࡟ ଺ઘޭճ ૬֜෇ۀ Փ ୀ఼઩ ଭ෇઱ ֽߦୀԧ ন ୡ ෰ૈԮր ֠૭Ԯଡ ھ׾ۗ࡟ ଲۀ ஺ਏୀଭ ন็߭ଲ ܥ ৤

଼׆ ݡࢂହ. ள ડࡿ૕ ւߛ ઢۀ ડࡿ୺Սଡ ୪ਏ෇઼ճ, ֻ߇

෉ ડࡿ୺Սଲ ֽߦୀଭ নୡ ֠૭Ԯր ෰ૈԮଡ କࢳ෇ۀ ડࡿ

୺Սଲޭ࡟ ஺ਏ ֻ ୀ఼ԧ ন็߭ଲ ܣ࡝ ݗޭছ ஺ਏୀ ֻ ୀ

਑ଭ ন็߭ଲܥ৤ ଼ۗۀՓହ.²⁶⁾ 2 ડࡿ୺Սր ւծઢۀ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭

ॷ૳ୀԧ ୪ਏ෉ ડࡿ୺Սրۀ ੰࡿ߉ ւծઢଲ ০ୢํ ୪3ୀԧ

ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෇઱ ন็߭ଡ ෉ լ૴ହ. ଲ߇෉ լ૴઩ۀ ॷ૳ୀଭ

ন็߭ଠ নࠩܣ஺ ੴճ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭࠮ ැۥܤۗճ ් ৤ ଼ ଣ. ଲ߇෉ լ૴઩ॷ૳ୀԧ ֽߦୀଭ ऄඌ઩ ۩෇઱ ளԨୡଲճ

ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇஺ ੴۀ լ૴઩ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩ැছ థ ହଡ ீ.²⁷⁾

26) Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, Westport, 1999, p. 113.

27) Ibid., p. 108.

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3 ୪3ୀন็߭ଭథହ૬Ս

ন็߭րఙ࣢

1980ڂ઩ EEOCۀ ন็߭ଡ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ছ ׁ஺෇ճ ଼ۀ ন ఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾ޭۀ Փଡ ఼֜ୡଞߦ ࡣਏ෇ۀ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଡ ࢳඝ

෇઼ଣ. ֻࠤճ ࢠ֝ଭ ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ ন็߭ଠ 1986ڂ federal law

઩ছ ׁ஺෇ճ ଼ۀ নఙ࣢ଭ ෉ ෴೾ޭճ ෌. ள ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ

Meritor Savings Bank v Vinson²⁸⁾઩ছࢢ࣑֫7ୋ઩ׁ஺ܤনఙ࣢ଭ

෉ ෴೾ࠜ൉࣢ฃ෉Փଲ EEOC Guidelinesޭճ ෌.²⁹⁾ ࢠ֝઩ছଭ୪3ୀন็߭ଭକ෴઩ݗࠛॷ૳ୀ థହ૬Ս

Ԩ ন็߭઩ ۩෉ ॷ૳ୀଭ థହଠ ফ঵(c)૕ (d)઩ ָ୨ܣઘ ଼ଣ.

EEOCۀ ୺Ս෴ ন็߭઩ ଼ઘছ ઠգ෉ థହଡ ஺஺෇ճ րਓ

׆ஜଠ ฅլ෴ন็߭઩ছ஺஺ܣճ ଼ଣ.

ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ લਏ ফ঵ (E)૕ (G)઩ছ অߦ૶ ׆ஜଡ ૗ฃ෇ճ

଼ଣ. ୢୀ઩ছ(E) EEOCۀ ճԺଲي ۚշ઩ ଭ෉ ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෉

ন็߭ଡ ୡ۩ୡ ন็߭ଞߦ ౫්ׂ Փ ֻࠤճ րਓ׆ஜଭ ஺ࢼ

ࠜ ࢲ׆ࠜ֫෇ճ ଼ଣ. ফ঵G઩ছଭࢳୢଠ ۳ ࢠࡺ෌. ݡݡߦ

ճ૳઩ছ নୡ ୦ֽଡ Ջऀ෇ۀ ॷޱ݅ଠ ୀգଲ ઢۀ ֻ߇ي নୡ ଞߦ۩૴ࢲۀॷޱ݅࣪ۗճ૳׆ฎଭ਎஼(ࢳୢ)ଡସଡגՌ୨෌.

݊ ܶ઩ছ ੿ছճ ֻࠤճ ֻ߇෉ ࢺ࣑ଞߦ ন౫෉ ࢳୢଡ ԧ஼

ॷޱ݅ଠ ॷࡿਓ ਑ฃ઩ ଭ෇઱ ࠻૴ րୋܣઘ ଼ଣ. ֻ߇෉ լ୕

28) Supreme Court of The United States, 477 U.S.57(1986). Mechelle Vinsonଲ Meritor Savings Bankଭऀෘୋ଴Sidney Taylorԧֻଠෘ઩ছֽࡿ෇઼۶1974ڂ઩ছ1977ڂ

׆ԩ઩ ন็߭ଡ ෗ۗճ ෇઱ ࣑଀઩ ୪ী෉ ॷՍହ. ஺ࢺ࣑଀ଠ ন็߭ଲ ੰۍޭճ

ൡۚ෇઼ճ, ճ࣑݊଀ଠ ন็߭ଞߦ ൡۚ෇઼ଣ. ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ ճ࣑݊଀ଭ ൡէଡ

஺஺෉ॷՍହ.

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෴೾ଭ ܪߙૺଠ ॷਓଲճ ٮࠤ ൵୲଼ଣ. ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ ଲ߇෉

ঃจ઩ছ ճ૳෵೿ଡ ୪վ෇՚ ෇ۀ ॷ૳ୀ థହଡ ࠮݆ଞߦਭ

ֻ߇෉Ռ୨ଡ ૗ฃਏ೬ۀ ָ୨ଡ࠮݅તଣ.

EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଲ ࢳඝܣճ ٍ บ ளਏ, ಻ߋणੰ ஺લଭ ճ

࣑݊଀ଠ (Circuit Court of Appeals) ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଲ ୪ਏ෇ճ ଼ۀ

ୡ۩ୡฅլ෴ন็߭ଭୡ૳ଡਓਏ෇ճ଼ଣ. ³⁰⁾

۩ԧ෴ ন็߭ଭ լ૴ ॷ૳ୀԧ ઠգథହଡ ீ. ள ੵ੼Ջي ੵ

৤ ଼ત۶ լ૴઩ థହଡ ஺ۀ Փଲ ੰۍޭ ࡪ޴۳ޭܑ థହଡ

ீ. ֻ߇ي ୪3ୀ ন็߭ଭ լ૴ ॷડசԧ ॷசي ࢺ୺ࠜ ෇஺

ੴଠ լ૴઩ۀ ୪3ୀԧ ઘݪ෉ ડࡿୡ ୺Սଡ ୪ਏ් ৤ԧ ઢ׆

ݡࢂ઩୪3ୀ઩ ۩෇઱ઠգథହଡऀր්৤ઢଣ.

ࢠ֝ ࣑଀ଠ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩෇઱ ॷ૳ୀԧ థହ஺׆ ଍෉

૬Սଞߦছ ୪3ୀ ন็߭ ෘ଍ԧ ۜԯ஺ ੴۀ ෘ଍ଵ Փ,

ֻ ෘ଍ԧ ন(sex or gender)઩ ֽՋ෇઼ଡ Փ, ֻ ෘ଍ԧ ୡ

۩ୡ ֽߦ ฅլଡ ࠮݁ۀ܁ ౦ंํ ਕԨ෇઼Ջي ࠮઴ැ ଼ત׆

ݡࢂ઩ ඿ැୀଭ ճ૳׆ԩଲي ୺Ս઩ ઽේଡ ࢠెଡ Փ, ॷ

૳ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ੵ੼Ջي ੵ৤ ଼તଡ Փ, ॷ૳ୀԧ ୀ਑ଭ

ധ୪ٛ઩ ଼ۀ ন็߭ଡ ુࢺ෇Ջي ֜୪෇׆ ଍෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇

஺ ੴ੼ଡ Փଡ ஹࡣැઉ࠮ ෌.³¹⁾ EEOC ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ Sec. 1604.

11ଭ (e)઩ছ ॷ૳ୀԧ(ށۀ ֻଭ ۩ࠤ଴ଲي Ԯܒୀ଴ ճ૳଴)

ੵ੼Ջي ੵ ৤ ଼ત݃ լ૴઩ۀ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩ැছ థହ ଡ ஼ۗճָ୨෇ճ ଼ଣ.

31) PATRICK J. CIHON/JAMES OTTAVIO CASTAGNERA, EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR LAW, WEST, 1998, pp. 129-130; Margaret S. Stockdale, Sexual Harassment in the Workplace, SAGE, California, 1996, pp.87-97; Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, Westport, 1999, pp. 107-108.

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ଲ ண ଠ ׆࣭ୡ଴ ন็߭ଭ ૬Սր ܛଵ෇࢛ߦ ࢂ୪ԧ

ܣۀ Փଠ ૕ ହ. ԧ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩෉ ॷ૳ୀ థ ହଭ নࠩ૬Սଲ ܣۀ Փଠ ଀ಀୡଞߦ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩ැ

ছۀ ॷ૳ୀԧ థହଲ ઢۗۀ Փହ. ֻ߉܁ థହ ઢۗճ ࢺ౿෇

࡟ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭ଲ थ࣌ํ ࢳ঍් ৤ ଼ճ, ଲࠜ ࢺ஺෇׆ ଍

ැছۀ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ థହଡ ր෇઱ઉ ෇ۀ܁, ֻ߇෉ ૬֜ߦਭ

ي೴ٍՓଲ ଭ૬Սହ.

ࡋୠ ଭ ૬Ս઩ ۩෇઱ ఼֜ୡଞߦ ੵੰ࣪࡟ ॷ૳ୀۀ ୪3ୀԧ

ୀ਑ଲ ճ૳෉ ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෇઱ ন็߭ଡ ෇஺ ੴܑߧ ॷୢ઩ ୺

౿ࠜ ౫ැઉ ෌. ֻߋ઩ܑ ऄ֜෇ճ ন็߭ଡ ෉ լ૴઩ۀ ॷ૳

ୀԧ ୪3ୀԧ ন็߭ଡ ෉ Փଡ ੵ੼Ջي ੵ ৤ ଼ત۶ լ૴઩

ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ଭ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇ܑߧ ૬֜෇ۀ Փହ. ֻ߉܁ ଲ߇෉

୺౿ࠜ ౫෇ߙճ ෇࡟ ୪3ୀԧ ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෇઱ ন็߭ଡ ෉ۗۀ

Փଡ ੵ੼Ջي ੵ ৤ ଼ત۶ լ૴ޭઉ ෌. ૞٤෇࡟ ୡ۩ୡ ฅլ

෴ ন็߭઩ ۩෇઱ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ଭ ઠգథହଡ ଴୨෇஺

ੴ׆ ݡࢂ઩ ॷ૳ୀԧ ளԨୡଲճ ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ౫෇஺ ੴଠ܁

۩෉ థହଡ ஺׆ ଍ැছۀ ॷ૳ୀଭ ճଭ ށۀ րਓଲ ଼ઘઉ

෇׆ ݡࢂହ.³²⁾ ݗޭছ ଭ ૬Սଠ ࢭߦ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ୪3ୀଭ ন

็߭઩ ۩෉ ࢺ஺ଭࡿଭ ଍ࢱ઩ ۩෉ ճଭ ށۀ րਓଲ ଼ઘઉ

෉ۗۀ Փହ. ଭ ૬Սଠ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩ ۩ැছ ֽߦୀԧ ճ ౦ଡ ૬֜෗ۗ࡟ ॷ૳ୀۀ ֽߦୀࠜ ࣪෹් ଭࡿࠜ ஺ճ ଼׆³³⁾

32) MIA L. CAHILL, The Social Construction of Sexual Harassment Law, Ashgate, 2001, pp.

31-34; ᰖာᑣᢷ, 뺷ѬҫҴѵྠ᧌ᵮᓼႿᴑᓨ뺸, ᐀ớᗰ, 1997, 21-22௬. ۩ࠤ଴ଲي Ԯܒୀ

ԧֽߦୀ઩՚ন็߭ଡ෗ۗ࡟common law agency principlesଭୡ૳઩ଭ෇઱ ॷ૳ୀԧ

థହଡ ஺׆(ATRICK J. CIHON/JAMES OTTAVIO CASTAGNERA,, op. cit., pp. 129-130) ݡࢂ઩ ঃׂୀي ۩ࠤ଴ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭ଡ ੵճ ଼Ջي ੵ ৤ ଼તଞي ளԨୡଲճ ୡ

ୣ෉୺౿ࠜ౫෇஺ੴ੼ۗ࡟ࢢ࣑୪756୺઩ଭ෉ॷ૳ୀథହଲ଼ଡ৤଼ଣ.

33) West Bar Review, Vol MULTISTATE SUBJECTS WITH NEW YORK DISTINC- TIONS, Wadhington, 1996, pp. 43-66.

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ݡࢂ઩ ளԨୡଲճ ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ැઉ ෌. ֻߋ઩ܑ ऄ֜෇ճ

ଲ߇෉ ளԨୡଲճ ୡୣ෉ ୺౿ࠜ ැ೾෗ۗ࡟ ॷડசԧ ऀۡ෇ճ

଼ۀֽߦୀࠜ࣪෹්ଭࡿࠜ଍ࢱ෇઼ۗۀՓହ.

ଲ߇෉ ૕ ଭ૬Ս઩ছ ࢂ୪ԧܣۀ Փଠॷ૳ୀي Ԯܒୀԧ

୪3ୀ ন็߭ଡ ଴஺෗஺࠮ ඿ැୀ଴ ֽߦୀԧ ୪3ୀଭ ন็߭઩

۩෇઱ ଲଭࠜ ୪׆෇஺ ੴଠ լ૴઩ ॷ૳ୀԧ ઘݬ ୺౿ࠜ ౫ැ

ઉ ෇ۀԧହ. ॷ૳ୀۀ ਆਆߦ థହଡ ࡟෇׆ ଍ැছ ୪3ୀԧ ֽ ߦୀ઩՚ ฅઽࢲ஺ ࡮෉ ন็߭ଡ ෗ۀ஺ ઱ऀ઩ ւ෇઱ ࢄઘ࣪

ੰઉ ් Փହ.³⁴⁾ ள ন็߭઩ ැۥܣھ٤ଭ ൡۚଠ Ժւୡଞߦ

෇઱ઉ ෇ي ඿ැୀԧ ଀෇஺ ੴଠ լ૴઩ۀ ন็߭ଲ ܣ஺ ੴଞ

࢛ߦ ଀ಀୡଞߦ ඿ැୀ଴ ֽߦୀଭ ଲଭԧ ଼ઘઉ ෌. ֻ߇ي

඿ැୀ଴ ֽߦୀԧ ճ૳ঃଭ ऄଲଳଡ સߙ෇઱ ଲଭࠜ ୪׆්

৤ ઢۀ լ૴ܑ ଼ଡ ৤ ଼ଞ࢛ߦ ॷ૳ୀԧ ࡋୠ ୪3ୀԧ ন็߭

ଡ෗ۀ஺઩۩ැছค଴෇ճଲ઩ݗޭ୺౿෇઱ઉ්Փହ.

3. ֜୪୪ܑ

ࢠ֝઩ছ ন็߭઩ ۩ැছ ୡ૳ܣۀ ࣑ࠔଠ ࣫৤ଲ஺࠮ ஻ୋଭ

ন็߭઩ ۩෉ ࣑ୡ ֜୪ۀ ധঃ హ௒, ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ, ܭ௒, ச ଭվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑଍ࢱ, র௒, ऄ࣑ෘ଍ଭ 3ԧ஺ କ෴ଲ଼ଣ.³⁵⁾ ਓ୪ߦ ଲ ண ઘݬ ৤ۚଡ ॷ૳෇ۀԧۀ ԧැෘ଍ଭ ೾ઑଲي

֜୪ ݊ଡ ճߙ෇઱ ඿ැୀԧ ট೿෇ۀ Փହ. ଵࢱୡଞߦ ऄ࣑

ෘ଍ী৉ଠ ۗࠛ ܪ ৤ۚ઩ ण෇઱ ෘ଍କ෴ଭ ୥઩ছ ୪ઊଲ

଼ճ, ৃැԧ ۩ۚํ ண۩෉ լ૴઩ ෉୨ܥ ৤ ࢯ઩ ઢճ, ण૳

34) Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, 1999, pp. 111-112.

35) William Petrocelli and Barbara Kate Repa, Sexual Harassment of the job, Nolo Press, 1992, pp.5/2 et s.

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ଲيਏԩ઩଼ઘছۥॷୀଭऀۡଲ۩ۚํಝ׆ݡࢂ઩඿ැୀۀ

ෘ୨׆ւசܑߦ ෘ෇ۀ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଲي சվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑ଭ

ୣఙࠜଲ૳෇ۀ լේଲ଼ଣ.³⁶⁾

ਓঃࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଲ࠯ଲॷ૳ܣճ଼ଞ࡝, ֻଲକۀ׆୼ଭ࣑ଠ

઱ন઩՚ ऄࠤ෇ۗۀ ൾࢠۍਆൈଭ ঍Ԩր ৤ଭծઊ(at will)଴

ֽߦծઊ෇઩ছ ැճ ׆೴઩ ۩ැছ ॷ૳ୀଭ ֫෉ଲ ࠭۩෉ ࢠ֝

઩ছۀ ন็߭ଭ ඿ැୀ઩՚ ॷ૳ୀԧ ֫෉ଡ ੱ૳ැ ૜ۗۀ

Ԯ୨ଲ ٮࠤ ଴ਐܣઘ ૜ଞ࡝, ඿ැୀԧ ॷ૳ୀଭ థହଡ ౟ׂ෇׆

଍ැছۀ ॷ૳ୀࠜ ଭࡿச఼ߦ ෇ۀ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ୣఙࠜ ଲ૳

෇ۀՓଲ඿ැୀଭԮ୨઩ୡ෍෇׆ݡࢂହ.

ৃැࢼঃଡ ֜෇ۀ ࢢॷী৉઩ ଼ઘছ ୢധୡ଴ ऄ࣑ෘ଍କ෴ր

ࣦෘ෇઱ վ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑଍ࢱଡ ী৉଀଴ଞߦ ෇ۀ ী৉ଲ ෘැ

஺ճ଼ଣ.

(1) ⧪ᱶᱢ Ǎᱽ

1) ֜୪ࢺ࣑

ճ૳઩ ଼ઘছ ఙ࣢ୡ ෘ଍ࠜ ෇઼ۗۀ ଲକߦ ࣑଀઩՚ ଴୨ܤ

୪୪ۀ ଍࣑ଡ ଴୨෇ۀ ࣑ߡ઩ ଭ෌. ճ૳ఙ࣢ଡ ׁ஺෇ۀ ࠯ଠ

઴ࢺ࣑ଲي ச࣑ଲ ଼ଣ. ઱׆ছۀ ࢢ࣑֫୪7ୋ઩ছ ් ৤ ଼ۀ

୪୍ࠜ ॼආ࣯. ࢢ࣑֫઩ছ ଲ૳ԧۇ෉ ֜୪ࠜ જ׆ ଍ැছۀ

࣑઩ছָ୨෇ճ ଼ۀ ୣఙࠜݗࠜՓଡ૬֜෌.

ୣఙࠜ ָ୨෇ճ ଼ۀ ࣑ଭ পऀාࡧ઩ۀ 3ԧ஺ ࢺ࣑ଲ ଼ଣ. హ௒,

୺୨઩ ଭැছ ऄ࠮ଡ ැէ෇ۀ ࢺ࣑ହ. ଲ߇෉ ଲକߦ EEOCԧ

஼୨ଡ ୺ॷ෇ճ ড݂ଭ ࢺ࣑ଞߦ ࢂ୪ࠜ ැէ෇ۀ ׆ฎࠜ ԧ஺׆

ג஺ۀ ඿ැୀۀ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ୋଭ ীࠜ ୪׆් ৤ ઢଣ. ܭ௒,

36) William Petrocelli and Barbara Kate Repa, Sexual Harassment of the job, Nolo Press, 1992, p.1/27.

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ܛଵ෉ ճ૳׆ฎࠜ ో஼ਏ೰ଞߦছ ச(state)ଭ ଲଳ઩ ۩෉ ෍ଭଭ

ࢺ࣑ହ. ଲ߇෉ ୀ਑ଭ ճକଭ FEP(Fair Employment Practices) lawsࠜ

Դճ ଼ۀ சۀ EEOCԧ ࣑଀઩ ֜୪ࠜ ౫෇׆ ୢ઩ FEP࣑ࠔ઩

ଭ෇઱ ෘ଍ࠜ ් ׆ฎࠜ ԧீ. র௒, ਏԩ୪෉ହ. ࡦ݃ ۚծ઩

׆෉ଡ ܪճ ଼ଣ. ુಟ۩ ඿ැୀԧ EEOC઩ ஼୨ଡ ୪׆෇ճୀ

෇࡟180ଵଲٛ઩෇઱ઉ෉ۗ(࠮ઊ઩FEP࣑ଡԧ஼ச઩ছࢳ঍

෇઼ۗ࡟300ଵଭ׆෉ଲ சઘ஼ۗ).

2) EEOC૕֜୪

EEOC(The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) (a) EEOCଭԹ૬

ࢠ֝ EEOCۀ ֜஻ୀي ֽߦୀ઩ ۩෇઱ ଴ஂ, আז, ஂ֗, ন(ହ

਑ଡ එ෌෉), ֝ୡ, يଲ(40প ଲঃ), ୋ઀ ށۀ କୢୡ ୨࣪ߦ ଴

෉ ఙ࣢ଡ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ޭճ ෇ۀ ઴ࢺ࣑ଡ ਓ෮් థହଲ ଼ଣ. ఙ࣢

ଡ ऄඌ෗ۗۀ, ఙ࣢઩ ۩෇઱ ஼୨෗ۗۀ, ށۀ ճ૳ఙ࣢୺ॷ ށ ۀ ী৉઩ ఞ઱෗ۗۀ ଲକߦ ఙ࣢ଡ ෇ۀ Փܑ ఙ࣢ହ. ଵࢱୡଞ ߦ ઴ߡଡ ୪૤෇ճۀ 15ࡣଲঃଡ ճ૳෇ۀ ॷડச઩՚ ୡ૳ܦ.

۩ऀंଭ ڋܛ୺෍ଲي ֜஻׆ւܑ ୡ૳ܦ. ࣑ଠ ճ૳, ැճ, ਎஼,

็߭, ผߛ, ହׁࢫׂ઱ࠜඑ෌෇ۀࡦ݃ڋܛऀࢂ઩ୡ૳ܦ.

(b) ֫෉րલ්

EEOCۀ࣑ଲୡ૳ܣۀॷડச઩۩෉ఙ࣢஼୨ଡ୺ॷ්֫෉ଲ

଼ଣ. ୺ॷ઩ ଼ઘছ EEOCଭ લ්ଠ վ୨෇ճ ୨ค෉ ஼୨ٛ૳

ଡ ඌԧ෇ճ է୨ଡ ٛࠨ. ࠮ઊ ఙ࣢ଲ ଼ۗۀ Փଡ ଴ਐ෇઼ۗ

࡟ ఙ࣢ଡ ැէ෇׆ ଍෇઱ ڋߚ෌. ࠮ઊ ֻ߇෉ ڋߚଲ নվ෇

஺ ੴ੼ۗ࡟ Թ଴ଭ ֫ࠤ૕ վணଭ ଲଳଡ ࣪෹෇׆ ଍෇઱ ীࠜ

୪׆් ֫෉ଲ ଼ଣ. ֻࠤճ ଀୺, ֗ଖ ࢫ ׆২ୡ ஺଀ ඹߦֻ޽

઩ଭ෇઱ఙ࣢ଲࢳ঍෇׆ୢ઩ఙ࣢ଡࢺ஺෇ߙճڋߚ෌.

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The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)ଭ ֜ নଠ ઑۥଲ சւ෇઱ ஺ࡣܤ 5ࡣଭ ฎ଀݅ߦ ֜নܤ ଍଀ฎହ.

ள ଍଀ୋ, ऀ଍଀ୋ, 3ࡣଭ ଍଀݅ହ. ଍଀ୋଠ ෘ୨ր ୨థਓ෮

ֻࠤճ ୍୨ւࠤ ࢫ ଍଀ฎଭ ୺஻ୡ ࢳୢ઩ థହଲ ଼ଣ. ֻࠤ ճ ऀ଍଀ୋր ଍଀݅ଠ ܛଵ෇՚ ଍଀ฎଭ ୨థԹࢳଲي ਎଴઩

ఞ઱෇՚ܦ. ୡୣ෉ս઩ఙ࣢஼୨ଡࢳඝ෇ճী୪׆ࠜෘॷ෌.

۩ധߡଠ ଍଀ฎࠜ ஺଀෇׆ ଍෇઱, ࢺේ, ෱ܛ, EEOCଭ ী৉

ඹߦֻ޽ଭԮܒଡ଍෇઱࣑ࡿୀࢂ଍଀(General Counsel)ଡ஺ࡣ෌.

֜୪ࢺ࣑

(a) ଲଭ୪׆(charge a complaint)

ճ૳ଭ ఙ࣢ଡ ࢲ੼ۗճ ঍Ԩ෇ۀ ඿ැୀۀ EEOC઩ ଵࢱୡଞߦ

஼୨(complaint)ଞߦ ଲැܣۀ ଲଭ(charge)ࠜ ୪׆් ৤ ଼ଣ. ඿

ැୀଭ ਑ंଡ ࣪෹෇׆ ଍෇઱ ೴଴ଲي ఼ۚ ށۀ ۩ෘ׆ւ

ܑ݊ ඿ැୀࠜ଍෉ଲଭࠜ ୪׆්৤ ଼ଣ.

඿ැୀي ඿ැୀࠜ ۩ࠤැছ ށۀ ଍଀ฎ઩ছ ஼୨ଡ ਑఻් ݡ

ࠬۗ ଍଀ฎۀ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ ُே, ୋী, ऀۥ෉ ճ૳ෘ଍ଭ ঃจଲ

එ෌ܤ ੲٛୋଡ 10ଵ ଲٛ઩ ࣪ٛઉ ෇࡝, ֻࠤճ ֻ߇෉ ஼୨ଭ

ٛ૳ଡ ୺ॷ෇઱ઉ ෌. ࡃছ෇઩ছ ছ࡟ଞߦ ଍଀ฎ઩ছ ૬֜෇ۀ

෴ਐ઩ ଭ෇઱ ୁনܣઘઉ ෌. ଍଀ฎۀ ଲ ஼୨ଡ վඝැছۀ ੲ ܦ. ଍଀ฎۀ ୺ॷ บ઩ ஼୨઩ ෍ࠤୡ଴ ଲକԧ ઢۗճ է୨ଡ

෉ۗ࡟, ઑ ۥॷୀ઩՚ ੵߙઉ ෌. ࠮ઊ઩ ஼୨઩ ෍ࠤୡ଴ ଲକ

׆ ଼ۗ࡟ ଍଀ฎۀ ࠬ஺࠭ էր૕ ଲୋଭ c૕ dଭ ૬֜ࠜ ݗ࠙

ۀ ச࣑ ށۀ ஺ࢺ࣑ ੰ޹ছ ਏୁܤ ୣఙ઩ ଼ઘছ சي ஺ࢺଭ

֫෉׆ւଲෘ෉ࡣߡ઩ਓாୡ଴ண૬নଡऀ઱෇઱ઉ෌.

࠮ઊ ଍଀ฎԧ ୺ॷ บ઩ ஼୨ଲ ஼ਓ෇ۗۀ ෍ࠤୡ଴ ଲକԧ

଼ۗ࡟ ण෴ਐୡ଴ ฎଭࢺ࣑, ୺୨ ֻࠤճ ড݂઩ ଭ෇઱ ֻ߇෉

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ऄ࣑ୡճ૳ෘ଍ࠜ୪Ջ෇ߙճڋߚ෇઱ઉ෌. ଲ߇෉ڋߚଠւծ

ۥॷୀଭ ছ࡟ฃ ܤ ܛଭԧ ઢଞ࡟ ઘھ ڧܑ֜(଍଀ฎ, վࡿ଀,

ֽߦୀ઩ଭ෇઱վඝܣ஺ܑੴճ, ށ෉ծুୡ଴ୣఙଭஹՋߦছ

ଲ૳ܣ஺ܑੴଣ. ଲࠜ଍ࢱ෉ ୀۀ 1000ۜ߇ ଲ෇ଭׁ࣎ଡ ࢲՋي

1ڂଲ෇ଭׁ֜ଡࢲՋيઑୀࠜܛਏ઩ࢲۀۗ).

଍଀ฎۀܥ৤଼ۀ෉ऱࠤ෍ࠤୡଲକ઩۩෇઱է୨෇઱ઉ෇ճ

ֻࠤճ ਓෘԧۇ෉ ෉ ஼୨ଲ ୪ౢܣճ 120ଵ ଲٛ઩ ށۀ ଲୋଭ

ੰ޹c૕dԧୡ૳ܥ৤଼ۀլ૴઩ۀ஼୨઩۩෇઱଍଀ฎԧী৉

ଡ౫්৤଼ܑߧෛޮܤُߦऀഉ120ଵଲٛ઩է୨෇઱ઉ෌.

ଲଭ୪׆઩ۀ ଲଭࠜ ୪׆෇ۀ ۥॷୀଭ ଲࠝ, சী, ୢฃ࣌

෹, ଲଭ୪׆ ঃ۩ࢺଭ ଲࠝ, சী, ୢฃ࣌෹ ࢫ ֽߦୀ৤,

඿ැٛ૳, ඿ැࢳ঍ଵୀ ݊ଡ ୪ਏ෌. EEOCۀ ଲଭ୪׆ ॷਓ ଡ վԹ්৤ ઢۗ(ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇSEC. 2000e-5b).

ଲଭۀ ඿ැࢳ঍ଵߦऀഉ 180ଵ ଲٛ઩ ୪׆෇઱ઉ ෉ۗ(ࢢ࣑֫

SEC. 2000e-5e 1). ۗ࠮ சي ஺લଭ ఙ࣢ׁ஺࣑ଲ ෛ૳෇ۀ լ

૴઩ۀ 300ଵ ଲٛ઩ছ ԨԨଭ ࣑ࠔଲ ָ୨෇ճ ଼ۀ ׆ԩ ٛ઩

୪׆් ৤଼ଣ.³⁷⁾

ଲଭ୪׆ԧ ஼ਓଲޭճ ࢣଡ ࠮෉ ෍ࠤୡ଴ ଲକԧ ଼ۀ լ૴઩

EEOCۀ෱ଭي୺୨ށۀড݂րԶଠण෴ਐୡ଴ࢺ࣑ଞߦं୕ଡ

ැէ෇׆଍ැڋߚ෇઱ઉ෌.³⁸⁾ (b) ୺୨(mediation)

( ) ଭଭ

୺୨ଠ ं୕ۥॷୀ݅ଲ ֻ݅ଭ ఙଲ୥ଡ ഠߨ් ৤ ଼ܑߧ ܑ૕

ச׆ ଍෇઱ ֗ଖր ผߛଡ ࢲଠ ணࠩୡ ୺୨ୀଭ ܑૺଞߦ ं୕ଡ

37) ଲஜଵ, ఙ࣢ׁ஺࣑, ճߙ۩෈֗ౢൡऀ, 2007, 245-246࡟.

38) ଲஜଵ, ఙ࣢ׁ஺࣑, ճߙ۩෈֗ౢൡऀ, 2007, 246-247࡟.

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ැէ෇ۀ ण෴ਐୡଲճ णࢤୡ ࢺ࣑ହ. ୺୨ୀۀ ڧԧ ૏ଠ஺ࠜ

է୨෇஺ ੴଣ. ށۀ է୨ଡ ࢳඝ෇஺ ੴଣ. ୺୨ୀۀ ۥॷୀ݅ଲ

ֻ݅ ୀ਑ଭࢂ୪ࠜਆਆߦ ැէ෇ܑߧ ܑ૕஠.

( ) ୺୨ଭୋ୥

୺୨ଭ ԧୋ ೧ ୋ୥ଠ ૴෹ୡ଴ ࢺ࣑ଞߦ ֻࠤճ ֻ݅ ୀ਑ଭ

ܒ൉෉ ෂ૬ࠜ ౦୻ਏ೬ۀ ࢺ࣑ଞߦ ஼୨ଡ ැէ෉ۗۀ Փହ.

લਏ ஼୨ଠ ୺୨ଡ ധ෇઱ ۳ म࠙՚ ැէܥ ৤ ଼ଣ. ୺୨ଡ

ധ෇઱ ஼୨ଡ ැէ෇ۀ܁ ଼ઘছ ඌֹ 3Թଁ ࢠ࠮ଲ ী૬ܣۀ܁

ण෇઱, ஼୨ଲ ୺ॷܣۀ܁ ଼ઘছ 6Թଁ ଲঃ Տࠨ. ୺୨ଠ վ୨

෇ճ ตଘୡଲճ ֻࠤճ ۥॷୀ݅ଲ ୋ׆ԩଭ ୺ॷ૕ ী৉ଡ

඿෇ۀՓଡܑ૕஠.

( ) EEOCଭ୺୨ୣఙ

஼୨ଲ ୪ౢܣճ ٍ บ ளਏ, EEOCۀ ઑ ۥॷୀ݅઩՚ ୺୨઩

ఞ઱්ۀ஺ࠜ ࢄଣ. ୺୨է୨ଠ ୢୡଞߦ ହଭୡହ. ࠮ઊ ෉௬ଭ

ۥॷୀԧ ୺୨ଡ Ջऀ෇࡟ নࠩܣ஺ ੴճ ୺ॷߦ Ԯ. ࠮ઊ ઑ

ۥॷୀԧ ୺୨઩ ܛଭ෇࡟ ୺୨ଵ୨ଡ ୨෌. ࠮ઊ ۥॷୀԧ ୺୨

઩ছ෍ଭࠜ෇஺ੴଞ࡟ۗࠛ஼୨ళߋ஼୨ଠ୺ॷߦ݅ઘԮ.

ছ࡟ଞߦ෍ଭܤլ૴઩ۀۗࠛծઊళߋ࣑଀઩ছԳ୪ܥ৤଼ଣ.

ֻࠤճۥॷୀۀ ୺୨઩۩෉ण૳ଡऀۡ෇஺ੴଣ.

(c) ୺ॷ

ఙ࣢ଡۥ෗ۗۀଲଭԧ୪׆ܣ࡟ EEOCۀঃ۩ࢺ઩՚10ଵଲٛ઩

ଲ ॷਓଡ ധ࣪෇ճ, ୺ॷࠜ ਓਏ෉ۗ(ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ SEC. 2000e-5b).

ఙ࣢ॷਓଡ ୺ॷ෇׆ ଍෇઱ ୨࣪ࠜ ૬֜෇ճ, ॷޱ݅ଡ ࡟ۡ෇࡝, ছࠑࠜ Ցഠ෇ճ, ෂ૬෇࡟ ఙ࣢ଲ ࢳ঍෗ۗճ சୋܣۀ ਏডଡ

ࢺࢂ෇׆ܑ෌. ୺ॷԧ૗߹ܣ࡟ଲଭ୪׆ۥॷୀ݅րஹՋ઩۩ැছ

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ڍଭ෌. ୺ॷր୨઩ছܑ ं୕ැէଡ ࡦআ෌. ं୕ැէଲ নվ෇஺

ੴଞ࡟ծুැছ୺ॷ෌.

ౖొଭ ਕ౾࡟ۡ઩ছ ଍࣑ଡ ஹࡣ් ࠮෉ ஹՋԧ ࢳեܣ஺ ੴଞ

࡟ ଲଭ୪׆ࠜ ׆Ԩ් ৤ ଼ଣ. ށ෉ ୺ॷր୨઩ছ ۳ ଲঃଭ ୺ ॷࠜ ധැছ ଍࣑ଡ ࢳե් ৤ ઢۗճ ൡۚܣ࡟ ଲଭ୪׆ࠜ ׆Ԩ

෉ۗ(ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇSEC. 2000e-5b). ଲଭ୪׆ԧ׆Ԩܣ࡟ଲଭ୪׆

ࠜ ෉ ۥॷୀ઩՚ডࡣ෇ճ ଲࠜ վճ෇࡝, ଲଭ୪׆ࠜ ෉ ۥॷୀ

ۀ 90ଵ ଲٛ઩ ࣑଀઩ ী৉ଡ ୪׆් ৤ ଼ଣ. ள EEOCԧ ਑఻

ଲ ଲକઢۗճ ী৉ଡ ୪ী෇஺ ੴଠ լ૴઩ۀ ী֫ऀ઱ୋ(right to sue letter)ଲ ࢳ঍ܣઘ ਑఻଴ଠ ඿਑఻଴ଡ ঃ۩ߦ ܒୀୡଞߦ

ী৉ଡ ୪׆් ৤ ଼ଣ. ଲ߇෉ ী֫ऀ઱ୋଠ ਑఻ଞߦऀഉ 180ଵ

۩׆׆ԩଭ լր บ EEOC઩ ী֫ऀ઱ୋଡ ఻්֜ ৤ ଼ଣ. ਑఻

଴ଠী֫ऀ઱ୋଡ৤ߡบ90ଵଲٛ઩ীࠜ୪׆෇઱ઉ෌.

෉ඇ ଲଭ୪׆ԧ ஼ਓଲޭճ ࢣଡ ࠮෉ ෍ࠤୡ଴ ଲକԧ ଼ۀ

լ૴઩ EEOCۀ ෱ଭي ୺୨ ށۀ ড݂ր Զଠ ण෴ਐୡ଴ ࢺ࣑

ଞߦ ं୕ଡැէ෇׆ ଍ැ ڋߚ෇઱ઉ ෌.³⁹⁾

ധঃ EEOCۀ ॷ૳ୀ઩ ۩෇઱ ଍࣑෉ ෘ଍ࠜ ֻ࠮෇ܑߧ ૬֜෇ճ

਑఻଴ଭী৉එ׆ଭ෍ଭ૕֗ฅଞߦࢼঃ්Փଡ૬֜෌. ॷ஻ଲي

ැճ݊ଭլ૴઩ۀ࣫஻ଡࡣ්৤଼஺࠮਑఻଴ଲ࣫஻ଡ଀෇஺

ੴۀլ૴઩ۀীׂହׁ஺ׂଲيৃැࢼঃଭ஺ऄߦැէ්৤଼ଣ.

୺୨ଲ নࠩܤۗ࡟ ਑఻଴, ඿਑఻଴, EEOCଭ 3ୀԩ ֜ুߚ ଼ۀ

ছ࡟෱୨ଲ ఼էܣ࡝ॷՍଠ ஂ߹ܦ.⁴⁰⁾

୺୨ଲনࠩܣ஺ੴଠլ૴઩ۀEEOCۀ઴ࢺ஺ࢺ࣑଀઩඿਑఻଴ଡ

ঃ۩ߦ ఙ࣢֜୪ࠜ ֜෇ۀ ࢢॷী৉ଡ ୪ী් ৤ ଼ଣ. ଲ լ૴

਑఻଴ଠী৉઩ఞԧ් ৤଼ଣ.

39) ଲஜଵ, ఙ࣢ׁ஺࣑, ճߙ۩෈֗ౢൡऀ, 2007, 246-247࡟.

40) ᘍრᐴᕍ, ҅ѹҁҰѬҵ ҙҳ҃ҫҽҒкᓨ፜, ЎУТЙ, 2004,192࡟.

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(d) ׆ડٛ֜୪৤ۚ

( ) ુࢺրճ౦ళࠤୣఙଭ਑఻

EEOCଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଠ ુࢺଲ ন็߭ଡ ࢼ୪෇ۀ ౖঃଭ ৤ۚହ.

ॷ૳ୀۀ ࢂ୪ଭ ୡּୡ ୪׆, ऄෛ૳ଭ Գ෉ ඝࡣ, ୡୣ෉ ୪୍ଭ

ਓਏ, ஂડ଀ଠ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ઩ ଭ෇઱ ন็߭ࢂ୪ࠜ ୪׆්

֫ࠤԧ ଼ճ, ୪׆ଭ ࢺ࣑ଡ ճ஺෇઱ઉ ෇ճ, ւծୀ ࡦܪ઩՚

ࢢԮ෇՚ ෇ۀ ࢺ࣑ଡ ୢԹ෇ۀ Փ ݊ଭ ন็߭ࢳ঍ଡ ࢺ஺෇׆

ෂ૬෉ ࡦ݃ ୺౿ࠜ ෇઱ઉ ෉ۗ ճ ָ୨෇ճ ଼ۗ(29 C.F.R.

Section 1604. 11(f)(1991))⁴¹⁾

ଲ઩ ֽՋ෇઱ ෮୍ ࠯ଠ ׆ડଠ EEOCଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴ଡ ݗ࠙׆

଍෇઱ճ౦ళࠤୣఙࠜ ָ୨෇ճ଼ଣ.

ন็߭ଭ ඿ැୀۀ ૴ট ׆ડٛଭ ճ౦ళࠤୣఙࠜ ਑఻් ৤ ଼ ଣ. ճ౦ళࠤ઩ ۩ଦ෇ۀ Փଠ ଴ॷऀହ. ଴ॷऀۀ ୺ॷࠜ ෉ บ

ন็߭ଭ କࡿࠜ ค଴෌. ਑఻ଲ ஼ਓଲޭ࡟ ۥॷୀଭ ࢼ౿ୢฅ ଲي ԧැୀଭ ැճࠜ එ෌෉ ௃ծళंଡ ෘ෌. ඿ැୀԧ ڋܛ୺

෍଀ଲޭ࡟ ஺֜ଭ ୺෍ԩऀي shop steward૕ ঃۡ෇࡟ছ ճ౦ ళࠤୣఙࠜ ෘ් ৤଼ଣ.⁴²⁾

ন็߭ଭ ඿ැୀۀ ճ౦ళࠤୣఙଭ էր઩ ࠮୻෇஺ ੴଠ լ૴

઩ۀ EEOC઩ ਑఻ଡ ෘ් ৤ ଼ଣ. EEOC઩ ۩෉ ਑఻ଡ ଲକ ߦ ॷ૳ୀۀ ڋܛୀࠜ ఙ࣢෇ۀ Փଠ ଍࣑෉ ճ૳ෘ଍ߦছ ׁ஺

ܤۗ(2000e-3(a)).

41) Justia > Law > Regulations > Code of Federal Regulations > Title 29 - Labor >

CHAPTER XIV--EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION > PART 1604-- GUIDELINES ON DISCRIMINATION BECAUSE OF SEX > § 1604.11 Sexual harassment.

42) ᘍრᐴᕍ, ҅ѹҁҰѬҵ ҙҳ҃ҫҽҒкᓨ፜, ЎУТЙ, 2004, 194࡟.

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( ) ఼ۚ෱ઊଭண୍ୣఙ

۩ऀंଭ ॷ૳ୀۀ ন็߭ଡ එ෌෉ ճ૳ఙ࣢ࢂ୪ࠜ ැէ෇׆ ଍

ැছ ண୍ୣఙࠜ ୨෇ճ ଼ଣ. ଲ߇෉ ண୍ୣఙۀ ఼ۚ෱ઊ઩ ୨

෇ۀ Փଲ ୢധହ. ண୍ୣఙۀ ڋॷଭ ਑߲ࠜ જճ ଼ଣ. ண୍ۀ

ண୍଴઩՚ ଍೵ܣճ, ண୍଴ଠ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ, EEOCଭ ԧଲ݁ޭ଴

ࢫ ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀઩ ֽՋ෇઱ ண୍ฆܛଡ ෌. ֻߐ஺࠮ ਓ୪ ண୍ࠜ

ଲ૳෇ۀ۩ۗ৤ۀ௃ծళंଡࢲଠԧැୀଲճ඿ැୀۀୡଣ.

ண୍ୣఙଭ ܛଭছۀ EEOC઩ ਑఻ଲي ࣑଀઩ ୪ী෇ۀ ݊ଭ ֜୪

ୣఙଭ එ׆ԧ එ෌ܣઘ ଼஺࠮ ઴ࢺ۩࣑଀ଠ ଲ ܛଭনଭ ตߚଡ

ׄ୨෇ճ଼ଣ.⁴³⁾

(e) ൡߢ઩ي೴ٍࢠ֝׆ડଭ۩థ⁴⁴⁾ ( ) ন็߭ଭࢺ஺ࠜ଍෉ฅլ୺ন

ন็߭୨థଭ థ୨ : [USI]Shaw ॷՍ઩ছۀ ন็߭୨థଡ ي೴ٛ

ۀ ੲٛছଭ ֗ऀԧ ي೴ْ. AutoZoneॷଭ ੲٛছ઩ۀ ฎॷଭ

টચ “AutoZoneॷۀ ন็߭ଡ ෛ૳෇஺ ੴଣ. ন็߭ෘ଍ي ন็

߭ଡ ୺ୋ෇ۀ ෘ଍ۀ էրԧ ැճߦ ܣۀ լ૴ԧ ଼਌ۍۗ”ԧ

ඝਏܣઘ ଼ଣ.

୨థ ࢫ ୣఙଭ ଴ਐଡ ค଴෇ۀ ࢂছ઩ ۩෉ ছࡣ : [USI]Shaw

઩ছۀ ୨థ ࢫ ୣఙଭ ଴ਐଡ ค଴෇ۀ ࢂছ઩ ছࡣ෇ۀ Փଡ

ஂડ଀઩՚ ֜෇ճ ଼ଣ. ஂડ଀઩՚ ୨థଡ ண૬ਏਏ೬ۀ ࢺథହ.

࠮ଵଭ լ૴ ࢂছࠜ ฎॷ౸ଭ ࡟ஏऀߦ ॷ૳෇ۀ ࢺథଲޭճܑ

් ৤଼ଣ.

43) Tracy O'Shea and Jane LaLonde, Sexua Harassment, A Practical Guide to the Law, Your Right, and Your Options for Taking Action, St. Martin's Griffin, 1988, pp.124 et s.

44) ᄔᷙᤢᬙኋ, ᴩ᭬зЖНќ҅ѹҁҰѬҵ ҙҳ҃ҫҽҒᐳᱡ, LexisNexis, 2004, 175-177࡟.

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୨׆ୡ଴ ন็߭ ୨థଭ ઴৤(ુࢺ઴৤) : [USI]ShawॷՍ઩ছۀ ඿ճ

׆ડଲథହଡ࡟෉଀଴ଞߦছ඿ճ׆ડଲඌী୨׆ୡଞߦւࠤ஻઩

۩෇઱ন็߭୨థ઩۩ැছ઴৤ࠜ෉ՓଡવՋ෇ճ଼ଣ.

( ) ճࢳ෇׆৸૶ճ౦ళࠤ׆֜ଭ֜ౠ

ճ౦ళࠤࠜ ଍෉ ࣫৤ଭ ׆֜ଭ ஜण : [USI]ShawॷՍ઩ছۀ ඿ճ

׆ડଠ ճ౦ళࠤࠜ ଍෉ ࣫৤ଭ ׆֜ࠜ ஜण෇ճ ଼ଣ. ࡣߡծധଡ

૴ฎ෉ ճ౦਑఻ଡ ෛ૳෇݃஺, ঃ଍ԩऀ஻઩ ۩෉ ঃۥతٮଡ

ค࣪෇ճ ଼ଣ.

ճ౦ଭ୦৤: ࠯ଠॷՍ઩ছճ౦ଲ୦৤ܣճ଼ճ, ඿ැୀ૕࡟ۡଲ ਓਏܣճ଼ଣ. ীּୡ଴۩ଦଲ஺࠮ୡּୡ଴۩ଦଲ଼ۗ࡟ฎॷଭ

۩ଦଡ ඌԧ෇ۀ ୢ୪ߦছ ճ౦઩ ۩෇઱ ୡּୡଞߦ ۩ଦ෇ۀ

ՓଲՋߨܣճ଼ଣ.

( ) ਑ু෉ొ׆۩ଦրॷՍ୺ॷ

ୡ۩ୡ஻ୋฅլଡొ޹෇ۀ଀଴ଭ୪Ջ: ࢂ୪ߦܣճ଼ۀୡ۩ୡ

஻ୋฅլଭ ଀଴ଡ ୪Ջ෇ճ ଼ଣ. [US6]RheineckॷՍ઩ছۀ ஻ୋ઩

ي೴ٍڧ݁ॷ஼ଡளਏ઩ฎ৤෇ճඍ׆෇ճ ଼ଣ.

ॷՍ୺ॷ : [USI]ShawॷՍ, [US6]RheineckॷՍ ݊઩ছۀ ճ౦ଲ

୦৤ܤ บ୺ॷԧෘැ஺ۀՓଲധঃହ. ਑ু෇ճ, శୠ෇՚୺ॷԧ

ෘැ஺ۀ լ૴ԧ଼ଣ.

ԧැୀ૕࡟ۡ, ඿ැୀ઩ ۩෉ լճ(େ୨ୡ୺౿)

ԧැୀԧ඿ැୀ઩՚୦ֽ෇ۀׁ஺ਏ೬ۀେ୨ୡ୺౿: ԧැୀ઩՚

ୀ೿۩׆ࠜ ࡣ෇Ջي, ඿ැୀ૕ ֽ୦෇஺ ੴܑߧ ஺ਏ෇Ջي, சॷண

ԧැୀ઩՚ ิԧࠜ ࡣߡ෇Ջي, ԧැୀ઩՚ ୨஻ࡣߡଡ ٛࠤۀ

լ૴ܑ ଼ଣ.

඿ැୀଭ ऄੲ઩ ۩෉ ۩ଦ : ԧැୀ઩՚ վඑࠜ ଺ଠ ඿ැୀࠜ ଍ැ

ԧැୀଭෘ଍ࠜ୺ॷ෇ճ଼ଣ.

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( ) ন็߭ଭਏ୨ ୍ࢳࢺ஺୺౿

ԧැୀ઩۩෉լճ: ௃ծԧઢ஺࠮଴ॷ൞ଵ઩լճْࠜ׆ۀլ૴ԧ

଼ଣ.

ԧැୀ઩઴৤ࡣߡ : ԧැୀ઩՚ ઴৤ࠜࢲଡՓଡࡣߡ෇઼ଣ.

඿ැୀ઩۩෉ԧැୀଭॷஏࡣߡ: ඿ැୀ઩՚ԧැୀԧॷր෇ܑߧ

ࡣߡଡ ෇઼ଣ.

ԧැୀԧ ඿ැୀ઩՚ ୦ֽ෇஺ ੴܑߧ ୺౿ ীুଲܛ : ॷՍ บ

ԧැୀ૕ ඿ැୀԧ ୦ో෇஺ ੴܑߧ ֽࡿଵ୨ଭ ୺୨, ඿ැୀԧ

էֽ෉լ૴କׂࣦԧߦ౫ׂ෇ۀլ૴ԧ଼ଣ. ֻࠤճࢭߦԧැୀ

઩՚ ඿ැୀ઩՚ ୦ֽ෇஺ ੴܑߧ ஺ਏ෉ บ઩ ԧැୀଭ ଍౿ࠜ

ଲܛਏ೬ճ଼ଣ.

ԧැୀ઩ ۩෉ ௃ծళं(ැճ݊) : ୨஻ଭ ࡣߡଲ ଼ଠ บ ැճԧ

Ցഠܣճ ଼Ջي, ബ஻֫ճࠜ ෇ճ ଼ଣ. ബ஻ୣఙ ண ԧැୀԧ

ॷ஻෇ۀլ૴ܑ ଼ଣ.

(f) சଭվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑(State Fair Employment Practices Laws: EEP) ச࣑઩ছۀ ࢢ࣑֫ କॷଭ ָ୨ଡ ܪճ ଼ଣ. ށ෉ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇ

କॷଭ࣑ୡ֜୪ࠜசճ଼ଣ. Ԩசଭվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑(Fair employment practice statute)ଲন็߭઩ୡ૳ܦ. ુಟ۩ Wisconsin ச઩ছۀ

Wisconsin Fair Employment Law #2 in a Series઩ছ Harassment IN THE WORKPLACEࠜܪճ଼ଣ.

ࢠ֝ଭ Ԩசۀ ੵޭࢭࠬச, ୺஺ੰச, ڋਆ಑ߦޭੰي ச, ࢠਏԩ

சࠜ ୪૤෇ճۀ ন็߭ ݊ଭ ఙ࣢ଡ ׁ஺෇ۀ ச࣑ଞߦছ ࢢԩ ڋܛୀي վࡿ଀ଡ ۩ঃଞߦ ෇ۀ վ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑ଡ ୨෇ճ ଼

ۗ(୺஺ੰசۀ վࡿ଀࠮ଡ ۩ঃଞߦ ෉ۗ).ށ෉ ச઩ ݗޭছۀ

ॺડ୍ැ࣪ঃ࣪෠࣑ଡ ୡ૳෇઱ ন็߭ଡ ॺડ୍ැߦছ ֜୪෇

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ۀ Փଲي ճ૳࣪෠ଡ ୡ૳෇઱ ඿ැୀଭ ਓડଡ णୀࢳୡ ਓડ ଞߦছ࣪෹෇ۀՓ଼ܑଣ.⁴⁵⁾

சଭ վ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑ଭ ׆ւଠ EEOC૕ ෱ܛ෱୨ଡ ఼է෇઱ EEOC ԧ୨෇ۀ ਆ೾ඹ ݊ଭ ׆ஜଡ ࠮୻෇ճ ଼ଣ. ށ෉ EEOC૕ ୣఙ ଭ ண࣫ଡ ඿෇׆ ଍෇઱ EEOC૕ ଲண਑఻ଭ ෱୨ଡ ఼է෇઱

෉௬ଞߦଭ ਑఻ଠ ۗࠛ ௬ଭ ਑఻ଞߦছ ౫ׂ෇ճ ଼ଣ. சଭ ׆ ւଲ૴ট୺ॷࠜ෇஺࠮ୣఙۀEEOCଭୣఙ૕Ջଭܛଵ෌.⁴⁶⁾ ࢢ࣑֫୪7ඇଠڋܛୀ15଴ଲঃଭڋܛୀࠜॷ૳෇ۀॷ૳ୀ઩՚

ୡ૳ܣ஺࠮ վ୨ճ૳ෘ଍ۀ 15଴ ࢠ࠮ଡ ॷ૳෇ۀ ॷ૳ୀ઩՚ܑ

ୡ૳ܦ. ॷ૳෇ۀ ڋܛୀ ৤ଭ ౖୠ׆ஜଠ ச઩ ݗޭ ۗࠝ. ࣊ઘ஺

ۍੰ சଭ 1଴ଞߦऀഉ 3଴ଲঃଲي 4଴ ଲঃଭ ச, 15଴ଭ ଵࠤ ڋଲசג஺ ۗઑ෌. ச઩ ݗޭছۀ ԧॷॷ૳଴, ஂ఼֗ۚ݊ଭ

णઽࠤ఼ۚ઩՚ۀୡ૳෇஺ੴۀլ૴଼ܑଣ.

சଭ ׆ւଠ EEOC૕ Զଠ ෴೾ߦ ࣑଀ଲ Թ଺෇઱ ন็߭ଭ ஼ෘ

ଡ ׁ஺෇ۀ ֫෉ଡ ԧ஺ճ ଼ճ, ਑఻଴઩՚ ীׂହׁ஺ׂ ݊ଭ

஻ࡿւߛ ৃਓଡ ฎ࣫෇׆ ଍෉ ֜୪ԧ சઘீ. ڸ૭சۀ ন็߭઩

ଭ෉ Թ଴ୡ ֫ࠤ઩ ۩෉ ඿ැ(Թ଴ୡ ऀঃଲي ࡣુ ׆೴ ଴գ֫

ଭ ඿ැ)઩ ۩෇઱ ৃැࢼঃଡ ଴୨෇ճ ଼ଣ. ଲ૤ ੵ޹ਆಉசي

ڸୠઘ஺ச ݊ଭ ী৤ଭ ச࣑ଠ ৃැࢼঃ઩ ۩ැছ ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼ

ঃଡ ଴୨෇ճ ଼ଣ. ֻ ண઩ ৃැࢼঃઁଠ ࢢ࣑֫ ୪7ඇଭ ঃ෉ઁ

ଡঃฎ෇ۀՓ଼ܑଣ. ુಟ۩ಔࠤඑۍੰச, ಓഉ೬ச, ڸ૭ச, ૈ

෇ଲૈச݊ହ. ށ෉ী৉ण૳ଭ஺ऄଡ଴୨෉ச଼ܑ࣑ଣ. يੰԧ

ಔࠤඑۍੰசଭ վ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑ଠ Ԯܒୀଭ ฅլ෴ ন็߭઩ ւ෉

ॷ૳ୀଭథହ઩଼ઘছ઴ࢺଭࢢ࣑֫ଲঃଞߦઠգ෌.

45) Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, 1999, pp. 5/2 et s.

46) William Petrocelli and Barbara Kate Repa, Sexual Harassment of the job, Nolo Press, 1992, pp.7/1 et s.

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਑఻บ60ଵԩଠசଭ׆ւଲ୺ॷ ୺୨ଡෘ෇ۀ֫෉ଡԧ஺஺࠮

඿ැୀۀ ଲ ׆ԩଲ լրบ EEOC઩ ਑఻් ৤ ଼ۗ(ۥැఙ࣢ෘ଍ଭ

ਏ୥ଞߦऀഉ300ଵଲٛ, ୣఙஂ߹ധ஺บߦऀഉ30ଵଲٛ).⁴⁷⁾ (2) }ᯙᱢ Ǎᱽ

1991ڂ ࢢ࣑֫઩ ଭ෇઱ ࣪ঃୡ ৃැࢼঃր ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃଲ

ܑ଺ܣ׆ ୢג஺ۀ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉ଠ ী৤ଭ சվ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑ଡ

୪૤෇ճۀন็߭ଭ඿ැୀ઩۩ැছ௃࣎ୡৃැࢼঃଡฏ݂෇

ۀ କଵ෉ ৤ۚଲતଣ. 1980ڂլऀഉ ন็߭ ඿ැୀଭ ࣡෹ॷۀ

Գԩ, ඒෘ, ճଭ୨਑ୡԧැ݊ଡଲକߦ඿ැୀԧண۩෉ ୨਑

ୡ ਑఼ୡৃැࠜ଺ଠլ૴઩ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉ଡ୪ী෇઱ۗઁଭ

ৃැࢼঃଡ ค݂෇઼ଣ. ள ऄ࣑ෘ଍࣑ଲ ন็߭ଭ ֜୪઩ ண૬

෉ લ්ଡ ෇ճ ଼ଣ. common lawଭ ऄ࣑ෘ଍କ෴ଠ ࡦ݃ ন็

߭ଡ එথ෇ۀ Փଠ ੰۍ஺࠮ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉ଠ ճଭߦ ଴෉ ऄ࣑

ෘ଍ଭ լ૴ۀ ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃଡ එ෌෉ ࣪ঃୡ ৃැࢼঃઁଡ

ฏ්݂ ৤ ଼ଣ. ඿ැୀۀ ண۩෉ ୨਑ୡ ਑఼ୡ ճധଡ ొ޹෉

ন็߭઩۩ැছۀԧැୀ઩՚୪୍ࠜ଍෉ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉ଡ ଲ૳

් ৤ ଼ଣ. ൉ํ 1991ڂ ࢢ࣑֫ Թ୨઩ ଭැছ ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃ

ଡ଴୨෇׆ג஺ۀண۩෉ন็߭઩۩ැছۀऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉ଲ କ ଵ෉௃࣎ୡৃැࢼঃଡ଴୨෇ۀ୪ܑߦଲ૳ܣઘ૜ଣ.⁴⁸⁾

ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉ଠ ࢢ࣑֫ଲي சଭ վ୨ճ૳ෘ଍࣑ଲ ୨෉ ୡ૳۩

ঃ׆ડଭ ౖୠஂડ଀৤ଭ ૬Սଲ ౦୻ܣ஺ ੴଠ լ૴ي EEOC

݊઩ ਑఻׆ԩଲ(ෘ଍ߦऀഉ 180ଵ ଲٛԧ ଀ಀ) լրܤ บ઩ܑ

୪ী්৤଼ۗ(ऄ࣑ෘ଍ଭਏต׆ԩଠச઩ݗޭ2-3ڂଲۗ).

47) ᘍრᐴᕍ, ҅ѹҁҰѬҵ ҙҳ҃ҫҽҒкᓨ፜, ЎУТЙ, 2004,197࡟.

48) Francis Achampong, WORKPLACE SEXUAL HARASSMENT LAW, QUORUM BOOKS, 1999, pp. 1/23.

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ৃැࢼঃଠ ࣪ঃୡ ৃැࢼঃր ௃࣎ୡ ৃැࢼঃଲ ԧۇ෇ճ ࢢ֫

࣑ր ۜࠤ ৃැࢼঃઁଭ ୪෉ଠ ઢଣ. ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉઩ۀ ࢢ࣑֫ր

ܛଵ෇՚ࢼਕ୍ൡଭট೿ଲ ԧۇ෌.

ֻ߇ي ଵࢱ࣑ ෇઩ছ ൡߢ࣑ࠤߦছ ࢳୢ෉ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ۀ ۗ৤ଭ

ऄ࣑ෘ଍କ෴ଲ ଼ճ, ૬Ս, థହଭ নா, ࣐଍, ଴୨ܣۀ ා࣡

࡟థॷକ ݊ଲ କ෴઩ ݗޭ ۗ࠙՚ ي೴يճ, ށ෉ ন็߭ଠ ऄ

࣑ෘ଍କ෴ଲ ଴୨ܣ஺ ੴ׆ ݡࢂ઩ ࡦ݃ ন็߭ଡ ۩ঃଞߦ ්

৤ ઢଣ. يੰԧ ୨਑ୡ ৃැي ୍ॺୡ ৃැ ݊ଭ ࢳ঍ଡ ૬Ս ଞߦ ෇׆ ଍ැছۀ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ী৉୪ীଭ ԧۇনଠ ෉୨ܦ. ુಟ

۩ ࢢ࣑֫ 7ඇଡ ଍ࢱ෉ ฅլ෴ ন็߭઩ ۩ැছۀ ࢱ݁ਏ ୨਑

ୡ ৃැଭ ࢳ঍ଲ ෂ૬෇஺ ੴ׆ ݡࢂ઩ ଲ߇෉ լ૴ ऄ࣑ෘ଍

ী৉ଲ୪෉ܥ ৤଼ଣ.

઱׆઩ ඿ැୀ଴ ଀ճۀ ऄ࣑ෘ଍ଭ ૬Ս଴ ճଭي ෮ਓଭ ଖ఼

ୡ ঃැي ּܑଭ୨਑ୡ ඿ැ ݊ଡ ଺ஹ් ෂ૬ԧ ଼ଣ. ন็߭

઩ ւ෉ টߢԧ ୡ׆ ݡࢂ઩ ਓ୪ ী৉઩ছۀ ঃۥํ յޯଲ ي

೴ْ. ण૳ଲيਏԩଭ ୥઩ছܑۥॷୀଭऀۡଲ೩.

ঃॷي ܛ߹ଭ ন็߭઩ ۩ැছ ॷ૳ୀԧ థହଡ ऀۡ෇ۀԧଭ

ࢂ୪઩ ۩ැছܑ ॷ૳ୀథହ઩ ւ෉ ୢധୡ ׆ஜଲ ॷ૳ୀԧ థ ହଡ ऀۡ෇׆ ଍ැছۀ ԧැෘ଍ԧ ॷ૳ୀଭ ଲଳଡ ܑࡦ෇׆

଍෉ Փଞߦ ԩசܥ ෂ૬ԧ ଼ۗճ ැজ෇ճ ଼ଣ. ֽౖ઩ۀ ֻ Փ઩ ۩਑෇઱ ԧැෘ଍ԧ ડࡿٛ૳ଞߦऀഉ ુեԧۇ෉ԧ, ડ

ࡿ઩ ऀ৤෉ ࠤਆ೥ߦ ܣۀ լ૴઩ థହଡ ଴୨෉ۗۀ ச࣑଀ଲ

଼ଣ. ݗޭছ ଲ߇෉ ૬Սଡ ࠮୻ਏ೬׆ ઘߞ׆ ݡࢂ઩ ॷ૳ୀ

థହଲऀ୨ܣۀ լ૴ԧ࠯ଣ.⁴⁹⁾

49) William Petrocelli and Barbara Kate Repa, Sexual Harassment of the job, Nolo Press, 1992, pp.8/25.