리딩파워 기본1 기출_10강

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1번

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? [10-1]¹

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and that failure to meet a learning challenge shows how bad their native ability is. But every time you learn something new, you change the brain—the residue of your

experiences is stored. It’s true that we start life with the gift of our genes, but it’s also true that we become capable through the learning and

development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. In other words, the elements that shape your intellectual abilities lie to a surprising extent within your own control.

Understanding that this is so enables you to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information—the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

① 인간의 지적능력은 태어날 때부터 정해져 있어 바뀌지 않는다.

② 우리는 새로운 것을 배울 때마다 뇌를 변화시킨다.

③ 우리가 겪는 경험의 잔여물이 뇌에 저장된다.

④ 우리는 유전자라는 선물을 가지고 삶을 시작한다.

⑤ 우리의 지적 능력을 형성하는 요소는 우리의 통제 안에 있다.

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? [10-1]²

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and that failure to meet a learning challenge shows how bad their native ability is. But every time you learn something new, you change the brain — the residue of your experiences is stored. It’s true that we start life with the gift of our genes, but it’s also true that we become capable through the learning and

development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. In other words, the elements that shape your intellectual abilities lie to a surprising extent within your own control.

Understanding that this is so enables you to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information — the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

① benefits of perfect genes on intelligence

② correlation between learning success and failure

③ importance of selecting useful information

④ possibility of change in intellectual ability

⑤ difficulty of changing human’s native abilities

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(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은? [10-1]³

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and (A) [that / what] failure to meet a learning challenge shows how bad their native ability is. But every time you learn something new, you change the brain—the residue of your experiences is stored. It’s true that we start life with the gift of our genes, but it’s also true that we become (B) [capable / capably] through the learning and development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. In other words, the elements that shape your intellectual ability (C) [lie / lies] to a surprising extent within your own control. Understanding that this is so enables you to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information—the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

(A) (B) (C)

① that … capable … lie

② what … capably … lies

③ that … capable … lies

④ what … capable … lies

⑤ that … capably … lie

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은? [10-1]⁴

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and that failure to meet a learning challenge shows how bad their native ability is. But every time you learn something new, you change the brain — the residue of your

experiences is stored. It’s true that we start life with (A) ____________, but it’s also true that we become capable through the learning and development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. In other words, the elements that shape your intellectual abilities lie to a surprising extent within your own control.

Understanding with (B) ____________ enables you to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information — the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

(A) (B)

① innate innate

② acquired innate

③ innate acquired

④ acquired acquired

⑤ native ability

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다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and that failure to meet a learning challenge shows how bad their native ability is. (A)________ every time you learn something new, you change the brain — the residue of your experiences is stored. It’s true that we start life with the gift of our genes, but it’s also true that we become capable through the learning and development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. (B)________, the elements that shape your intellectual abilities lie to a surprising extent within your own control.

Understanding that this is so enables you to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information — the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

윗글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? ⁵ [10-1]

① Similarly / Furthermore

② Similarly / For instance

③ Moreover / In contrast

④ However / Nevertheless

⑤ However / In other words

[서술형] 윗글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 지문에서 찾아서 쓰시오.

(각 1단어, 필요한 경우 단어의 형태를 변형할 수 있음) ⁶ [10-1]

→ Contrary to the common belief that our

(1)________ capability is a native quality which is determined at birth, the truth is that it can be (2)________ through new learning experiences and construction of mental models.

다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [10-1]⁷

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and that failure to meet a learning challenge shows how ① bad their native ability is. But every time you learn something new, you change the brain — the residue of your experiences ② are stored. It’s true that we start life with the gift of our genes, but it’s also true ③ that we become capable through the learning and development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. In other words, the elements ④ which shape your intellectual abilities lie to a surprising extent within your own control.

Understanding that this is so enables you ⑤ to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information — the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

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다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? [10-1]⁸

Many people believe that their intellectual ability is hardwired from birth, and that failure to meet a learning challenge shows how bad their native ability is. But every time you learn something new, you change the brain — the residue of your experiences is stored. It’s true that we start life with the gift of our genes, but it’s also true that we become capable through the learning and

development of mental models that enable us to reason, solve, and create. In other words, the elements that shape your intellectual abilities lie to a surprising extent within your own control.

Understanding that this is so enables you to see failure as a badge of effort and a source of useful information — the need to dig deeper or to try a different strategy.

① Failure to meet a learning challenge is believed to show their poor native ability by many people.

② You change your brain with the residue of your experiences stored whenever you learn something new.

③ The learning and development of mental models makes us competent.

④ The components for shaping your intellectual abilities are too uncontrollable for you to handle them.

⑤ You can consider failure as a token of your effort and a source of information by understanding the idea that you can control the elements of your intellectual abilities.

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2번

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [10-2]⁹ If we are what we eat, what is your teenage child?

A bag of chicken and chips? A kebab? Litres of fizzy drink? The benefits of healthy eating and exercise are well documented and it is silly of us, as parents, to think we can feed our teens mostly junk food then expect them to perform at their best. In this age of pesticides, hormone treatment additives (hence the well-built structure of today’s pre-teens), etc. that are in foods, both parents and teens need to understand that mental and physical well-being are ______________________.

Depression, aggression, lack of focus, headaches and so much more can be improved with the right foods. Be open to this, for yourself and your young person.

① improved by exercise

② manageable with strict plans

③ aligned with what we eat

④ considered to be independent

⑤ controlled by stress management

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? [10-2]¹⁰

If we are what we eat, what is your teenage child?

A bag of chicken and chips? A kebab? Litres of fizzy drink? The benefits of healthy eating and exercise are well documented and it is silly of us, as parents, to think we can feed our teens mostly junk food then expect them to perform at their best. In this age of pesticides, hormone treatment additives (hence the well-built structure of today’s pre-teens), etc. that are in foods, both parents and teens need to understand that mental and physical well-being are aligned with what we eat.

Depression, aggression, lack of focus, headaches and so much more can be improved with the right foods. Be open to this, for yourself and your young person.

① Healthy Eating in a Right Place

② Don’t Eat Junk Food In Adulthood

③ How Well-Being Change Our Lives

④ The Best Food Says for Your Success

⑤ Right Food : Mental and Physical Well-Being

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다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? [10-2]¹¹ If we are what we eat, what is your teenage child?

A bag of chicken and chips? A kebab? Litres of fizzy drink? ① The benefits of healthy eating and exercise are well documented and it is silly of us, as parents, to think we can feed our teens mostly junk food then expect them to perform at their best. ② If you are someone accustomed to daily junk food, completely quitting it may not be the right way. ③ In this age of pesticides, hormone treatment additives (hence the well-built structure of today’s pre-teens), etc. that are in foods, both parents and teens need to understand that mental and physical well-being are aligned with what we eat. ④ Depression, aggression, lack of focus, headaches and so much more can be improved with the right foods. ⑤ Be open to this, for yourself and your young person.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 은? [10-2]¹²

If we are what we eat, what is your teenage child?

A bag of chicken and chips? A kebab? Litres of fizzy drink?

(A) Hence, in this age of pesticides, hormone treatment additives, etc. that are in foods, both parents and teens need to understand that mental and physical well-being are aligned with what we eat.

(B) Furthermore, depression, aggression, lack of focus, headaches and so much more can be improved with the right foods. Be open to this, for yourself and your young person.

(C) The benefits of healthy eating and exercise are well documented and it is silly of us, as parents, to think we can feed our teens mostly junk food then expect them to perform at their best.

① (A)―(C)―(B) ② (B)―(A)―(C)

③ (B)―(C)―(A) ④ (C)―(A)―(B)

⑤ (C)―(B)―(A)

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3번

Core competence에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? [10-3]¹³

What was a core competence in one decade may become a mere capability in another. For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was undoubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies.

Superior reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine differentiator for Japanese car producers. It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become a prerequisite for every car maker. There is a dynamic at work here that is common to other industries. Over long periods of time, what was once a core competence may become a base-line capability. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick-response customer service — once genuine differentiators — are becoming routine advantages in many industries.

① 일정 시기의 핵심 역량은 시간이 지나면 변할 수 있다.

② 일본 자동차의 품질은 차량 당 결함에 의해 측정되었다.

③ 뛰어난 신뢰성은 일본 자동차 회사의 차별 요소였다.

④ 서양의 자동차는 10년 만에 일본차와의 품질격차를 줄 였다.

⑤ 품질과 빠른 출시속도는 이제 일상적인 이점이 되고 있 다.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고 르시오. [10-3]¹⁴

What was a core competence in one decade may become a mere capability in another .

(A) Over long periods of time, what was once a core competence may become a base-line capability. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick- response customer service—once genuine

differentiators — are becoming routine advantages in many industries.

(B) It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become a prerequisite for every car maker. There is a dynamic at work here that is common to other industries.

(C) For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was

undoubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies. Superior reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine differentiator for Japanese car producers.

① (A)-(C)-(B) ② (B)-(A)-(C) ③ (B)-(C)-(A)

④ (C)-(A)-(B) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

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다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [10-3]¹⁵ What was a core competence in one decade may become a mere capability in another. For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was undoubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies.

Superior reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine differentiator for Japanese car producers. It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become a prerequisite for every car maker. There is a dynamic at work here that is common to other industries. Over long periods of time, what was once a core competence may become a base-line capability. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick-response customer service — once genuine differentiators — are becoming ______________________ in many industries.

① ordinary elements

② unique elements

③ distinctive features

④ genetic characteristics

⑤ discriminative advantages

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 알맞은 것을 고 르시오. [10-3]¹⁶

What was a core competence in one decade may become a mere capability in another. For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was undoubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies.

Superior reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine differentiator for Japanese car producers. It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become _________________ for every car maker. There is a dynamic at work here that is common to other industries. Over long periods of time, what was once a core competence may become a base-line capability. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick-response customer service—once genuine differentiators—are becoming routine advantages in many industries.

① a differentiator ② a core competence

③ a prerequisite ④ a unique feature

⑤ an extraordinary factor

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다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? [10-3]¹⁷

What was a core competence in one decade may become a mere capability in another. For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was undoubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies.

Superior reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine differentiator for Japanese car producers. It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become a prerequisite for every car maker. There is a dynamic at work here that is common to other industries. Over long periods of time, what was once a core competence may become a base-line capability. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick-response customer service — once genuine differentiators — are becoming routine advantages in many industries.

① 품질을 측정하는 방식은 시대마다 달라질 수 있다.

② 자동차의 품질은 차체 결함의 유무에 따라 결정된다.

③ 기업의 핵심 역량은 시간이 지나면서 보편화될 수 있다.

④ 신뢰성은 모든 산업에서 갖춰야 할 필수적 선행 요소이 다.

⑤ 서구에는 일본 자동차 업계에 필적할 만한 경쟁상대가 없다.

다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

What was an ⓐ essential competence in one decade may become a mere capability in another.

For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was ⓑ

doubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies. Superior ⓒ reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine ⓓ strength for Japanese car producers. 서구 자동차 회 사들이 품질 간격을 메우는데 10년 이상이 걸렸다 with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become a ⓔ prerequisite for every car maker.

There is a ⓕ dynamic at work here that is common to other industries. Over long periods of time, what was once a core competence may become an ⓖ outstanding capability. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick-response customer service — once genuine differentiators — are becoming ⓗ preconditions in many industries.

위 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것을 모두 고르면? [10-3]¹⁸

① ⓐ, ⓒ, ⓓ, ⓔ ② ⓑ, ⓖ

③ ⓑ, ⓓ, ⓖ, ⓗ ④ ⓔ, ⓕ, ⓗ

⑤ ⓕ, ⓖ, ⓗ

[서술형 7] 위 글의 우리말을 참고하여 ‘It took~’로 시작하 는 문장을 쓰시오. [10-3]¹⁹

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[서술형 1] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [10-3]²⁰ Over long periods of time,

______________________. For example, in the 1970s and 1980s quality, as measured by defects per vehicle, was undoubtedly a core competence for Japanese car companies. Superior reliability was an important value element for customers and a genuine differentiator for Japanese car

producers. It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap with their Japanese competitors, but by the mid-1990s quality, in terms of initial defects per vehicle, had become a prerequisite for every car maker. There is a dynamic at work here that is common to other industries. Quality, rapid time to market, and quick- response customer service — once genuine differentiators — are becoming routine advantages in many industries.

(1) 자동차 산업에 대한 아래 표의 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문 에서 그대로 찾아 1~2단어로 쓰시오.

(2) 위 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 문장을 <보기>에 주어진 단어를 이용하여 완성하시오. (단, 주어진 단어만을 모두 한 번씩만 이용하되, 필요시 변형하시오.)

<보기> have / a core competence / bare / a / Japanese car

companies quality a core competence

↓ after more than a decade

every car maker quality __________________

_

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4번

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은? [10-4]²¹

More than 2000 years ago, Aristotle wrote that happiness is a condition. It is not something that is achieved by pursuing it directly; rather, it is

something that comes out through our engagement in purposeful activity. This is the statement of the law of indirect effort. This law simply says that almost anything we get in life involving emotional experiences comes to us indirectly rather than directly. It comes to us as a result of doing something else. If we pursue happiness

(A)__________, it eludes us. But if we get busy doing something that is important to us and make progress in the direction of our dreams, we find ourselves feeling very happy. Self-confidence is also subject to the law of indirect effort. We achieve higher levels by setting and achieving even higher goals and objectives. As we move forward, step by step, once we feel ourselves advancing in life, we feel better and more (B)__________ of taking on even more challenges.

(A) (B)

① indirectly incapable

② directly incapable

③ indirectly confident

④ directly capable

⑤ indirectly capable

다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾아 주제문을 완 성하시오. (빈칸에 한 단어씩 쓰고 필요시 단어의 형태 변 형 가능) [10-4]²²

More than 2000 years ago, Aristotle wrote that happiness is a condition. It is not something that is achieved by pursuing it directly; rather, it is

something that comes out through our engagement in purposeful activity. This is the statement of the law of indirect effort. This law simply says that almost anything we get in life involving emotional experiences comes to us indirectly rather than directly. It comes to us as a result of doing something else. If we pursue happiness directly, it eludes us. But if we get busy doing something that is important to us and make progress in the direction of our dreams, we find ourselves feeling very happy. Self-confidence is also subject to the law of indirect effort. We achieve higher levels by setting and achieving even higher goals and objectives. As we move forward, step by step, once we feel ourselves advancing in life, we feel better and more capable of taking on even more challenges.

→ Happiness is not (A)____________ pursuits of a (B) ____________, but (C)___________ results of (D) ____________ other goals.

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각 밑줄 친 (A),(B),(C) 중에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 짝지어 진 것을 고르시오. [10-4]²³

More than 2000 years ago, Aristotle wrote that happiness is a condition. It is not something that is achieved by pursuing it directly; rather, it is

something that comes out through our engagement in purposeful activity. This is the statement of the law of indirect effort. This law simply says that almost anything we get in life involving emotional experiences comes to us indirectly rather than directly. It comes to us as a result of doing something else. If we pursue happiness directly, it (A) [eludes / overwhelms]

us. But if we get busy doing something that is important to us and make progress in the direction of our dreams, we find ourselves feeling very happy. Self-confidence is also (B) [opposed / subject] to the law of indirect effort. We achieve higher levels by setting and achieving even higher goals and objectives. As we move forward, step by step, once we feel ourselves (C) [advancing / retarded] in life, we feel better and more capable of taking on even more challenges.

다음 중 어법상 틀린 부분이 있는 문장을 모두 고른 것 은? [10-4]²⁴

More than 2000 years ago, Aristotle wrote that happiness is a condition. ⓐ It is not something that is achieved by pursuing it directly; rather, it is something that comes out through our engagement in purposeful activity. This is the statement of the law of indirect effort. ⓑ This law simply says that almost anything that we get in life involving emotional experiences come to us indirectly rather than directly. It comes to us as a result of doing something else. If we pursue happiness directly, it eludes us. ⓒ But if we get busy doing something that is important to us and make progress in the direction of our dreams, we find ourselves feel very happy. ⓓ Self-confidence is also subject to the law of indirect effort. We achieve higher levels by setting and achieving even higher goals and objectives. ⓔ As we move forward, step by step, once we feel ourselves advancing in life, we feel better and more capable of taking on even more challenges.

① ⓐ, ⓑ, ⓒ ② ⓐ, ⓓ, ⓔ ③ ⓑ, ⓒ

④ ⓑ, ⓒ, ⓓ ⑤ ⓓ, ⓔ

(A) (B) (C)

① eludes opposed retarded

② eludes subject advancing

③ eludes subject retarded

④ overwhelms opposed advancing

⑤ overwhelms subject retarded

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정답

①

1

④

2

①

3

③

4

⑤

5

(1) intellectual / (2) developed

6

②

7

④

8

③

9

⑤

10

②

11

④

12

④

13

⑤

14

①

15

③

16

③

17

③

18

It took more than a decade for Western car companies to close the quality gap

19

(1) a prerequisite / (2) A core competence has become a bare capability.

20

④

21

(A) direct (B) goal (C) indirect (D) doing

22

②

23

③

24