한국외국어대학교

(1)

[1-2] Choose the answer that best completes the conversation.

1.

1. A: What are you going to do downtown?

B: I’m going to the courthouse to pay a ticket.

A: No kidding! you don’t even have a driver’s license.

B: I know. _______

(A) I got a speeding ticket.

(B) I got a ticket for jaywalking.

(C) Can you give me a ride?

(D) I’ll take the bus.

(E) I hate driving downtown.

2.

2. A: I seem to have lost my library book. I cannot find it anywhere.

B: You either have to buy a replacement or pay a fine. But paying the fine is more expensive than buying the book, because there are a lot of surcharges.

A: If that’s the case, I guess I should _______.

(A) check it out with the library (B) return it before it’s too late (C) go to the bookstore

(D) charge it to my account

(E) pay the fine without the surcharges

[3-5] Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word.

3.

3. Hubris and vanity are all human vices and, despite occasional propaganda to the contrary, scientists are, indeed, only human.

(A) greed (B) arrogance

(C) selfishness (D) inaccuracy

(E) distress 4.

4.

4. The artillery could attenuate the force of the attack.

(A) steer (B) destroy

(C) avert (D) ameliorate

(E) weaken

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(2)

5.5.

5.5. It is not widely known that flu medication impairs the ability to operate machinery including motor vehicles.

(A) undermines (B) enhances

(C) influences (D) effects

(E) restores

[6-8] Choose the answer that best completes the sentence(s).

6.

6. If a worry meter existed, “healthy anxiety” would present challenges that children learn from, which makes them resilient. A little higher on the meter, however, would be worries that _______ children rather than _______ them. A child with such anxiety has fears she can’t quite conquer.

(A) distress challenge (B) encourage discourage (C) look after neglect (D) please annoy (E) disqualify qualify 7.

7.

7. When a computer is ready to “mail a letter,” it dials a server a central computer that collects and distributes electronic information. Delivery time from the sender to the receiver is _______ a few seconds, even from one country to _______.

(A) no more than other (B) no less than another (C) not more than the other (D) no more than another (E) not more than other 8.8.

8.8. In the 1880s, immigrants were flooding into the United States. Many of them came from Russia and eastern Europe; they had been cruelly _______ by their governments because of their political ideology and were fleeing to safety. Others were escaping the _______ of their native lands in search of a more prosperous life in America.

(A) prosecuted hardship (B) persecuted poverty (C) investigated absurdity (D) confined anxiety (E) tortured abundance

(3)

[9-10] Choose the most appropriate form for each word in parentheses.

9.9.

9.9. (delight) to welcome you to Hotel California and hope that you enjoy our hospitality.

(wish) you a most pleasant stay.

Dan Ferber General Manager

(A) Delighting Wish (B) Delighting Wishing

(C) Delight Wish (D) Delighted Wishing

(E) Delighted Wished 10.

10.

10. I should find it difficult (bequeath) my body to the reckless hands of medical students.

I do not know why, except that I cannot help somehow or other (identify) my body with myself.

(A) bequeath to identify (B) bequeath identify (C) to bequeath identify (D) to bequeath identifying (E) to be bequeathed identifying

[11-13] Choose the expression that is NOT grammatically correct.

11.

11. Until rather recently, Americans have had little contact with other cultures,

(A) (B)

even within our own country. Members of nonwhite races were segregated.

(C) (D)

Only in recent years laws have changed to foster integrated schools.

(E) 12.12.

12.12. Even though many people are inclined not to believe it, restoring dilapidated (A)

buildings often require greater time, effort and expenditure than constructing

(B) (C) (D)

entirely new ones.

(E) 13.

13.

13. Sir Anthony Van Dyck, one of the world’s greatest master of portraiture ever

(A) (B)

known, was born in Antwerp and was the seventh of twelve children.

(C) (D) (E)

(4)

[14-16] Choose the sentence that is NOT grammatically correct.

14.14.

14.14. (A) Fred wishes Pat will come tomorrow.

(B) Fred hopes Pat finishes the assignment by tomorrow.

(C) Fred will have finished the job when Pat comes tomorrow.

(D) Fred will start the project as soon as Pat arrives tomorrow.

(E) Fred would be pleased if Pat started the project tomorrow.

15.15.

15.15. (A) I have never heard of this kind of hilarious story.

(B) Once acquired, bad habits are hard to get rid of.

(C) According to a poll, most people object the death penalty.

(D) The new manager is someone our company cannot dispense with.

(E) You must dispose of aluminium cans properly in order to recycle them.

16.16.

16.16. (A) They do not blame you for what happened.

(B) They cannot fault his workmanship.

(C) They accused the watchman for negligence.

(D) They scolded each other.

(E) They denounced him for neglect of duty.

[17-44] Read each passage and answer the questions that follow.

[17-18]

Intelligence officials are concerned because they have reason to believe that a recent rise in electronic attacks against government and military computer networks in the United States is the work of pro-Iraqi hackers and could signal a “potential crisis”

in national security, according to a classified F. B. I. assessment. The assessment warns intelligence officials that the attacks, which have been relatively limited so far, are likely to grow more widespread and more dangerous as tension over a possible war with Iraq grows. American intelligence analysts say they have long been concerned by the notion that Al Qaeda could use computers to wage terror-disrupting water treatment plants or nuclear facilities, for instance, in which case the consequences would be unimaginable. Experts say the link between Iraq and computer hacking may have been _______ by the authorities and poses _______ to United States security, and are calling for appropriate action at the national level.

(5)

17.17.

17.17. According to the context, which of the following best fits into and ? (A) widespread a destructive harm

(B) intercepted a national crisis (C) underestimated a growing threat (D) tampered potential tension (E) reevaluated an electronic war 18.

18.

18. Which of the following is the major theme of the passage?

(A) A warning of potential electronic terrorism (B) Al Qaeda’s international computer networks

(C) A new assessment of innovative computer technology (D) Computer hacking in American intelligence organizations

(E) The possible destruction of nuclear facilities through computer hacking

[19-20]

19.19.

19.19. Which of the following took place before the third millennium BC?

(A) The spread of Indo-European languages into India (B) The emergence of the Indus civilization

(C) The immigration of nomadic tribes into India (D) The first human settlement in South Asia (E) The emergence of the Hindu religion 20.

20.

20. Which of the following is NOT stated or implied about the nomadic people in the passage?

(A) They consisted of different tribes.

(B) They began to come to India around the period when the Indus civilization declined.

The oldest human settlement in South Asia dates to the eighth millennium BC, but it was not until the third millennium that a complex urban civilization developed in and around the Indus Valley. Steatite seals carved with undeciphered inscriptions survive in considerable numbers and seem to have been used for commercial purposes.

From approximately 1900 BC, the Indus civilization declined and nomadic peoples from Central Asia began to enter the subcontinent, among them tribal groups speaking Indo-European languages. With their horses and chariots, these people pushed rapidly across north India. By 900 BC they were settling in villages and mixing with local populations. This was the age of philosophical and religious inquiry from which the complex Hindu religion emerged.

(6)

(C) Some of them spoke Indo-European languages.

(D) They could move fast into India on horseback.

(E) They used steatite seals for commercial purposes.

[21-23]

21.

21. Which of the following best fits into ?

(A) to stop response (B) stop responding (C) to stop to respond (D) stop to respond (E) to stop responding

22.22.

22.22. According to the context, which of the following best fits into ? (A) reduce deficits (B) release tension

(C) help the youth (D) resolve conflicts (E) stop murders

23.

(A) The problem with false burglar alarms

(B) A police chief’s proposal to save lives at schools

(C) Seriously jeopardized safety due to malfunctioning alarms.

(D) An emotional City Council meeting over a new proposition (E) Tension between the police and private security companies

For police chiefs the biggest concern is often not drugs, not gangs, not burglars, but burglar alarms. The alarms ring ceaselessly, usually without a break-in. Police officers nationwide responded to 38 million burglar alarms in 1998, but up to 98 percent of them were false. The police chief of Los Angeles proposed having police officers _______ to burglar alarms unless they were first verified as genuine by the property owner or a private security company using a patrol to see if there were signs of a break-in, like a broken window or an open door. The idea set off a furor.

At an emotional City Council meeting, a resident of Brentwood said that if the plan were put into practice, the safety of people would be seriously jeopardized. But at a time when city budgets are facing their deepest deficits in decades, ending false burglar alarms would free up 35,000 police officers all over the nation. “I’m more interested in protecting people from violence than answering false alarms,” said the police chief. “So, as we try to juggle our limited resources, I’d rather put extra officers in parks or schools to _______.”

(7)

[24-26]

24.

24. Judging from the passage, how many people were in the house when the fire started?

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 4

(E) 5 25.25.

25.25. Where did the fire start?

(A) A socket in a bedroom (B) The gas oven in the kitchen

(C) The air-conditioner in the living room (D) An electric heater in a bathroom (E) A lantern in the garage

26.

26. Which of the following is NOT stated or implied in the passage?

(A) The author got her hair burned slightly.

(B) The one who saw the fire first was the author’s helper.

(C) The author and her daughter slept in the same room.

(D) The author was upstairs when the fire started.

(E) The author took her valuables out of the house.

“Fire! Fire!” the frantic cries of Marivic, my helper, woke me at 5:30 on the morning of November 29, 2003. Opening my eyes and jumping out of bed, I saw the outlet into which the air-conditioning unit and a lantern were plugged had caught fire.

Unplugging both, I shouted to my four-year-old daughter, “Joie, wake up! Our room’s on fire!”

Fear was written all over her face as she ran towards me. As calmly as I could, I told them to get out of the house and shout for help. “Mummy come out. You might get burned,” Joie shouted hysterically as Marivic carried her downstairs. “I’ll be fine, baby.” I yelled back. Sparks singed my hair and flying splinters hit my right leg. I ran downstairs and shut off the main electrical switch, hoping that the fire would not hit the electrical wires and spread to the rest of the house. While Marivic and Joie were outside calling for help, I ran back upstairs for my valuables and personal documents. At the bedroom door I was met by a wall of flame and smoke.

Realizing the futility of my effort, I rushed outside with nothing but the nightdress I was wearing.

(8)

[27-29]

27.27.

27.27. Which of the following best fits into ?

(A) clarifications (B) simulations

(C) negation (D) approximations

(E) counter-examples 28.28.

28.28. What is the passage mainly about?

(A) Experiments as the best way of testing hypotheses (B) Scientific theories as compared to mathematical theorems (C) Reliable evidence in scientific proofs

(D) Contradictions in scientific revolutions

(E) The importance of experiments in science and mathematics 29.29.

29.29. Which of the following is stated or implied in the passage?

(A) A scientific theory considered undoubtedly true one day can be proven false the next day.

(B) Scientific theories as well as mathematical theorems are absolute and devoid of doubt.

(C) Mathematics crucially relies either on evidence from experimentation or infallible logic.

(D) The scientific proof is no less powerful and rigorous than the mathematical proof.

(E) Both scientific theories and mathematical theorems need sufficient observations of the relative phenomenon.

Mathematical theorems rely on a logical process and, once proven, are true until the end of time. Mathematical proofs are absolute. To appreciate the value of such proofs they should be compared with their poor relation, the scientific proof. In science a hypothesis is put forward to explain a physical phenomenon. If observations of the phenomenon compare well with the hypothesis, this becomes evidence in favor of it. Experiments may be performed to test the predictive power of the hypothesis, and if it continues to be successful then this is even more evidence to back the hypothesis. Eventually the amount of evidence may be overwhelming and the hypothesis becomes accepted as a scientific theory.

However, the scientific theory can never be proven to the same absolute level of a mathematical theorem: it is merely considered highly likely based on the evidence available. So-called scientific proof relies on observation and perception, both of which are fallible and provide only _______ of the truth. This weakness in scientific proof leads to scientific revolutions in which a theory that was assumed to be correct is replaced with another theory, which may be merely a refinement of the original theory, or which may be a complete contradiction.

(9)

[30-32]

30.

30. What is the best title of the passage?

(A) Racism and Jazz (B) The Hardships of Jazz Musicians (C) The Origin of Jazz (D) The Definition of Jazz

(E) Various Types of Jazz 31.31.

31.31. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

(A) The “Work Song” is known for its fast rhythm.

(B) Musical instruments are not usually used for the “Work Song.”

(C) The “Bebop” style appeared right after World War . (D) Jazz musicians in Chicago suffered great financial difficulty.

(E) The core of jazz has not changed since it began.

32.

32. Why did Chicago become the home of Jazz?

(A) Because jazz originated in Chicago.

(B) Because famous musicians were born in Chicago.

(C) Because jazz musicians came to Chicago for musical freedom.

(D) Because Chicago was once the only place where jazz music could be played.

(E) Because most African Americans were living in Chicago at the time.

The “Work Song” as a style of jazz is mainly a rhythmic song intended to make hard work easier. It typically includes unaccompanied songs that are usually repeated over and over, a sort of chanting, to make the time go by faster on the job.

Another style is “New Orleans Jazz,” referred to as the original style of jazz. This style began in the 1890’s as brass band performances of gospel songs and marches.

With this came the formation of the big bands. This style is also considered to be ensemble jazz and is known for its polyphonic texture.

The “Chicago Style” of jazz evolved after 1917, when Chicago became the home of jazz music because of a prohibition in the south. Unemployed musicians moved to the Chicago area playing new sounds and searching for places to play the new, exciting style of jazz. With this style the musicians play popular songs with a more homophonic sound.

“Bebop” came about through and after World War . Due to an opposition to white establishment, jazz took a turn. It became a fast and upbeat use of tempo, using elaborate melodies and rhythmic patterns. With Bebop, the beat of jazz became lighter.

(10)

[33-34]

33.33.

33.33. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined expression Wang Yani’s fame soon eclipsed her father’s fame?

(A) It didn’t take much time for Yani to become as famous as her father.

(B) It didn’t take much time for Yani to increase her father’s fame.

(C) It didn’t take much time for Yani’s fame to compete with her father’s fame.

(D) Yani became more famous than her father in a short time.

(E) Yani’s fame made her father become more famous in a short time.

34.34.

34.34. Which of the following is NOT stated or implied in the passage?

(A) Yani showed her interest in painting at the age of two.

(B) Yani’s father asked her school teachers not to give her an art lesson.

(C) Yani’s father gave her a lesson to help develop her imagination.

(D) It is striking for a fourteen-year-old girl to exhibit her art work at the Smithsonian Institution.

(E) Yani held her first exhibition at the age of four in the country where she was born.

To exhibit one’s own work at the Smithsonian Institution would be a high point in any artist’s career; to receive such an honor at the age of fourteen is truly remarkable. Yet that was the age of the Chinese painter Wang Yani when her paintings were given their first American showing there in 1989. If fourteen seems a young age to receive so much attention, consider this: Yani’s first exhibition, in her native China, was held when she was four! She has been working diligently at her art since the age of two: that was when Wang Shi Chiang first became aware of his daughter’s interest in painting. Himself a well-known artist, he never gave her a lesson and also discouraged her teachers at school from doing so. He believed such instruction would only stifle her imagination and prevent her from expressing her feelings freely.

His faith in his daughter’s innate talent was fully justified by her early success. In fact, Wang Yani’s fame soon eclipsed her father’s fame.

(11)

[35-36]

35.

(A) Many American college professors and administrators are pessimistic about U. S. universities and colleges.

(B) German high school graduates who pass the Arbitur may graduate from American universities one year earlier than their American counterparts.

(C) More than half of U. S. high school graduates go to college.

(D) American secondary training is more difficult than European secondary training.

(E) American college professors and administrators need to be aware that truth may lie in the eye of the beholder.

36.

36. Choose the one that is NOT a correct account of each of the underlined parts.

(A) The beast in refers to “American higher education.”

(B) A small and privileged clientele in means “the elite.”

(C) The comparable German population in means “German high school graduates.”

(D) Home in means “their own country.”

(E) Secondary training in refers to “higher education.”

Sometime around the seventh grade, many American students are introduced to the tale of 10 blind men inspecting an elephant. When each blind man reaches different conclusions about the creature, the students are invited to consider whether truth is absolute or lies in the eye of the beholder. College professors and administrators might want to remember that fable when they take the measure of American higher education. Many of them, who tend to see only what they stand to lose, perceive the beast as wounded, suffering from the shocks of rising costs, dwindling resources and life draining cutbacks. But foreigners, who compare America’s universities with their own, often reach very different conclusions about the nature of the beast.

It sheer numbers provide any proof, America’s universities and colleges are the envy of the world. Most European and Asian universities provide an elite service to a small and privileged clientele. While fully 60% of all U. S. high school graduates attend college at some point in their life, just 30% of the comparable German population, 28% of the French, 20% of the British and 37% of the Japanese proceed beyond high school. German students who survive the Arbitur or Britons who pass their A levels may still not qualify for a top university at home, but find American universities far more welcoming. Some U. S. schools acknowledge the rigor of European secondary training and will give up to a year’s credit to foreigners who have passed their high school exams.

(12)

[37-38]

37.

37. Choose the one that best paraphrases . (A) resign to make room for a younger scholar (B) help younger students find jobs

(C) give his house to a younger man (D) run a company for a young man (E) employ a young man

38.

(A) Weiss is not willing to go to court.

(B) Weiss wrote about 20 books.

(C) The EEOC is supporting Weiss.

(D) Catholic University was once very proud of having Weiss.

(E) Weiss specializes in metaphysics.

[39-40]

Paul Weiss, 90, is a world class philosopher, an emeritus Sterling Professor at Yale and author of a score of books. He was once regarded as a prize catch by Catholic University. But last summer Weiss was told that he was being demoted to teaching graduate students part time. The reason, according to the university, was “shifting priorities.” Weiss’s highly personal brand of metaphysics no longer suited the needs of the university’s philosophy department. But the real reason that Weiss was shoved aside, according to a report by the U. S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, was his age. When an EEOC investigator asked a university official what factors, other than his salary and 20 year employment, went into the decision not to renew his teaching contract, the official answered, “He’s 90.” Undergraduates should not be taught by someone like “a grandfather”, the official told the EEOC: Weiss should make way “for a younger man.” Earlier this month, the EEOC gave Catholic a year to work out a settlement with Weiss.

If the university fails, the agency will sue for age discrimination. Indeed, Weiss can’t wait to go to court.

The Eastern economic miracle is now a fact of history. For the past decade the major countries of the Orient have been growing at phenomenal rates, in some cases at up to five times the pace of their Western counterparts. China alone has grown at an average rate of ten percent per year over the past decade. Given the staggering

(13)

39.

39. Which of the following is where you are most likely to see this passage?

(A) The obituary section of a newspaper (B) The classified section of a newspaper (C) The jacket of a book

(D) The epilogue of a book (E) The first chapter of a book 40.

40.

40. What does Spicer think is essential for the survival of the West?

(A) Military power (B) Free trade

(C) Bloc economics (D) Checks and balances (E) Trade barriers

41.

(A) There are politicians who insist on protected trade.

(B) The average rate of China’s annual economic growth over the past ten years was ten percent.

(C) According to a World Bank report, China’s economy is expected to surpass that of the United States within a couple of decades.

(D) The major countries of the East have all been growing at five times the pace of their Western counterparts.

(E) There is a possibility of a disastrous war between the East and the West if current economic trends continue.

size of China, humankind has never before witnessed such a dramatic transformation.

What does this mean for the West? Let’s see: first, according to a World Bank report, by the year 2020, China will have overtaken the United States as the largest economic power in the world. Britain will rank in the mid-teens, below South Korea and Taiwan.

This means that if present trends continue, the West will have lost its economic preeminence to the East. This will have tremendous repercussions on the political and military balance of the world.

What has provided the impetus for Spicer to write this book is the prospect of an increasingly confident but still resentful East and an inward-looking, defensive West confronting each other. Therein lies the risk of war of a devastating kind.

Michael Spicer goes beyond the doomsday theories, though, and offers a solution.

He warns against politicians who panic and cower behind protectionist walls. He argues that if the stability of the world is to be assured, and if individual rights and Western values are to continue, it must be through the spread of free trade.

(14)

[42-44]

42.

(A) Systematic differences across human languages

(B) Potential abilities of monkeys to learn human language (C) Fundamental differences between humans and monkeys (D) Language discrimination by human infants and monkeys (E) Importance of sound combinations and rhythms in language 43.

43.

43. Among , , , , and , which one differs from the others in what they refer to?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(E) 44.44.

44.44. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT among the findings from the experiments mentioned?

(A) Infants could perceive the differences between Dutch and Japanese.

(B) Infants attend to sound combinations and rhythms in language.

(C) Infants distinguished the syntactic differences in different languages.

(D) Monkeys exhibited the same language discrimination abilities as human infants.

(E) Monkeys couldn’t distinguish different languages when sentences were played backwards.

French cognitive scientist Franck Ramus and his colleagues discovered that human infants raised in French-speaking households could distinguish between other languages they heard over a loudspeaker. Ramus used the rate at which the babies sucked on their pacifiers as evidence of their level of interest, and found that after listening to sentences spoken in Dutch, they recognized a change in language had occurred when the loudspeaker switched to Japanese. But the startling finding was that they could not make this distinction if the recordings were played backwards.

In other words, the babies understood certain properties of language that the backward sentences lacked, and they measured differences in the two languages accordingly. An even more startling fact is that Marc Hauser got exactly the same results with tamarin monkeys that Ramus had found for human infants, using the same procedures. The monkeys distinguished Dutch from Japanese when the same sentences Ramus had used were played forward, but could not make the distinction when they were played backward. Of course neither the monkeys nor the babies understood the languages themselves, but the results indicate that they parse out a new language based on its sound combinations and rhythms.

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한국외국어대학교 ^{일반 편입}