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Translocation (8;17)

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■ S-507 ■

Translocation (8;17)을 동반한 급성 골수성 백혈병(FAB-M2) 1예

원광대학교 의과대학병원 내과학교실 혈액종양내과1, 원광대학교 의과대학병원 진단검사의학교실2

*조미영1, 심혁1, 이영진2, 박무림1

서론: 급성 골수성 백혈병 M2 아형은 가장 흔한 급성 골수성 백혈병으로 8번 21번 염색체 전좌에 의한 AML1/ETO 융합 유전자를 동반한다.

이 아형에서 t(8;21)의 몇 가지 변형 중 하나인 t(8;17)을 동반한 증례는 아직까지 국내 보고가 없었다. 저자들은 t(8;17)을 동반한 급성 골수 성 백혈병 1예를 경험하였기에 이를 보고 하는 바이다. 증례: 41세 남자 환자가 7일 전부터 발열과 오한 지속되어 내원하였다. 말초혈액검사 에서 백혈구 40,920/μL, 중성구 13,800/μL, 혈색소 5.6 g/dL, 혈소판 18,000/μL였으며, 백혈병 모세포 37%를 보였다. 골수 검사에서 과립구계 는 성숙을 동반하였고 백혈병 모세포는 30%로 일부에서 Auer rod를 동반하고 있었다. 형태학적으로 FAB M2의 급성 골수성 백혈병을 진단 하였으나 골수 염색체 검사에서 45,X,-Y,t(8;17) (q22;p13)이 관찰되었다. 분자유전학적 검사로 FISH를 시행하였다. 전좌되는 8번 염색체의 ETO 유전자와 21번 염색체의 AML1 유전자의 DNA probe를 보합결합시켜 반응시키는 방법으로 t(8;21) 양성세포의 존재 시 일반적으로 주 황색 1개, 초록색 1개, 2개의 융합된 노란색 신호 양상을 보이는데, 이 환자에서는 관찰된 500개의 세포 중 98% 세포에서 초록색과 주황색 2개 및 1개의 노랑 신호로 비정형 양성을 보이고 있었다. 관해유도 항암치료로 idarubicin과 cytarabin을 사용하였고, 1개월 후 시행한 골수 검사에서 형태학적으로 완전 관해, 염색체 검사에서 46,XY를 보이고, AML1/ETO 융합 유전자에 대한 FISH 검사에서 음성이었다. 환자는 고용량 cytarabine으로 1회의 공고항암화학요법을 시행하고 형제로부터 골수이식 시행 예정이다.

■ S-508 ■

Isolated CNS Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated with Imatinib Mesylate followed by Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

*Yun Deok Kim, Hyun-Sung Park, Soo Jeong Kim, Yuri Kim, Jin Seok Kim, June-Won Cheong, Yoo Hong Min

Introduction: Relapse of the original disease remains 1 of the most important causes of failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for leukemia. Although majority of the patients develop systemic relapse, extramedullary relapse has been also observed after HSCT. Imatinib, a selective inhibitor of Bcr-abl tyrosine kinase has significant antileukemic activity in Ph+ ALL in recent clinical Phase II trial. Unfortunately, because of poor penetration of imatinib into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with inadequate concentrations for kinase inhibition, CNS relapses have occurred despite complete responses in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Case report: A 47-year-old female were diagnosed with Ph+ ALL in February, 2009. Blast cells were not detected in CSF at that time. She achieved complete molecular remission after induction chemotherapy which included imatinib and intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy as CNS prophylaxis. Lumbar puncture was performed to determine the CNS recurrence for pre-HSCT evaluation. There was no evidence of CNS involvement. Following myeloablative conditioning, she underwent an allogeneic HSCT in July, 2009. Serial assessments of BCR/ABL by RQ-PCR after transplantation confirmed complete molecular remission. In June, 2010, She presented with diplopia. A diagnostic lumbar puncture showed a WBC 135×106/L and the presence of blasts were noted on a cytospin preparation. The blasts were shown to express the BCR/ABL transcript by RQ-PCR. BM aspiration showed molecular remission. The diagnosis of isolated CNS relapse of ALL was made and reinduction treatment initiated with triple IT chemotherapy with oral dasatinib. She is planned to receive IT chemotherapy with oral dasatinib until CSF will clear and later start cranio-spinal irradiation. Discussion: Several reports demonstrate reduced distribution of imatinib into CNS as well as its difficulty of penetrating the brain. Therefore, CNS involvement limits the therapeutic value of imatinib in Ph+ ALL. CNS-directed prophylactic therapy is an important element of imatinib-based treatment of patients with Ph+ ALL. The most effective types of prophylaxis as well as their optimal scheduling, remain to be clarified.

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