1. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
[ 어휘] feel guilty 죄책감을 느끼다 / commitment 책임, 전념, 헌신 / obligation 의무 / priority 우선순위 / emerge 나타나다, 출현하다 / manipulate 조종하다
By learning to say no without feeling guilty,you will find time you never dreamed you had. Even more important, you will learn to say yes to all those things that you hold most dear to your heart, things that you really want to do but never seem to have the time for because you’re so busy doing other things, saying yes, and filling up your life with commitments and obligations you wish would go away. When you learn to say no, your life will be yours again. Rather than being last on your own priority list, you will emerge as the captain of your own ship, able to make decisions from a place of passion, wisdom, and confidence, rather than out of guilt, fear, or a feeling of being manipulated.
① 대세에 따르기보다는 소신 있게 행동하는 용기가 필요 하다.
② 자기 성찰의 방법에 의해서 자신이 지닌 능력을 발견 할 수 있다.
③ 시간에 쫓기는 업무일수록 치밀한 계획을 수립하는 것 이 중요하다.
④ 죄책감 없이 거절하는 것을 배움으로써 자신의 삶을 되찾을 수 있다.
⑤ 자신이 이끄는 사람들의 합의를 이끌어내는 사람이 유
능한 지도자이다.
2. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
*wedded to: ~을 고집하는
[ 어휘] valid 타당한 / expertise 전문 지식〔기술〕·
assumption 추정 / associative 연상에 의한, 연상의 / erect 세우다 / intersectional 부문들 사이에 걸친 / creativity 창의력
Through school, mentors, and organizational cultures, education tends to focus on what a particular field has seen as valid. If, for instance, you wish to be a great medical doctor, there are rules that must be
mastered. A good education will teach you these rules. You learn what past experts and thinkers concluded and use their
experiences to build your own expertise. You do this to learn what works. Expertise in a particular field could suffer if too much time were spent questioning basic assumptions.
The price for such an approach, however, is that one more easily becomes wedded to a particular way of doing things. As a result, associative barriers are erected, making intersectional ideas less likely. Education is not bad, but it can limit creativity.
① 교육으로 인해서 창의적인 생각이 방해를 받을 수 있다.
② 진정한 전문성을 얻으려면 이론과 경험이 모두 필요하다.
③ 시대가 변하면 널리 인정되던 사실도 타당성을 잃는다.
④ 충분한 교육을 바탕으로 하지 않은 창의력은 한계가 있다.
⑤ 학문 분야에 따라서 필요로 하는 전문성의 내용이 다르다.
3. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
[ 어휘] medicine 약, 약물 / within the reach of ~가 쉽게 구입할 수 있는 범위에 / pharmaceutical 제약의, 약학의 / in question 문제가 되는 / pay for ~의 대금을 갚다 / generic drug 상표 없는 약 / manufacture 제조하다 / submit 제출하다 / the Food and Drug Administration ( 미국) 식품의약청 / approval 승인 / copy 한 부 / charge 값을 매기다, 청구하다
The major problem the elderly have is the cost of medicines. Something has to be done to bring the cost of medicines within the reach of all citizens, especially the elderly. Pharmaceutical companies use the excuse that the high prices are needed to cover all the research, development, and testing of the drug in question. If the truth is known, the drugs are paid for within the first year, and the other 9 plus years before a generic drug can be produced are all profit.
Pharmaceutical companies should be required to keep records of all costs related to producing a drug. If a scientist is working on several different projects, time should be divided according to time spent on each project. The same with the materials required to manufacture the drug. When a drug is submitted to the Food and Drug Administration for approval, a copy of this report should be included along with the cost it plans to charge for this drug.
① 제약회사는 신약개발을 위한 연구에 투자를 아끼지 말 아야 한다.
② 제약회사는 약의 승인을 신청할 때 모든 생산비용을 제출해야 한다.
③ 노인들에게 무허가 약품을 판매하는 행위를 철저히 단 속해야 한다.
④ 노인들에게는 생명을 유지하기 위해 필요한 약을 무상 공급해야 한다.
⑤ 식품의약청은 의약품 승인에 필요한 절차를 대폭 간소
화해야 한다.
4. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
*chomp: (음식을) 쩝쩝 먹다, 우적우적 씹다
[ 어휘] caterpillar 애벌레 / fishery 어장 / deposit 매장지, 광상 / mobilize 동원하다 / appropriate 적절한 /
harness 이용하다, 활용하다 / secure 안정된 /
perpetual 끊임없는, 계속되는 / expansion 확장, 팽창 / option 선택 / thrive 번성하다
Our situation today is not unlike that of a butterfly in its caterpillar form. In the
generations past, we have chomped our way across the planet consuming forests, soils, fisheries and mineral deposits. We have grown very large. It is not the caterpillar’s role to grow forever. At a certain point, it has enough wealth within its skin to take a rest, allowing other possibilities to arise and to metamorphose the material resources it has mobilized and become something more appropriate for its adult stage in life. At some point, as societies, we must recognize that we have harnessed enough wealth to last for generations and to then think about what form might be more appropriate for the centuries ahead. We know what the Earth offers and what we need for healthy lives. A secure future is possible if we make it our primary goal. Security won’t be found under the street light of perpetual economic expansion, but the option of a secure future exists as surely as life has thrived on this planet for thousands of millions of years.
① 성장보다 안정을 추구하는 미래를 지향해야 한다.
② 부의 분배가 균등하게 이루어지는 것은 불가능하다.
③ 미래의 목표 달성을 위해 단계별 계획을 세워야 한다.
④ 자원의 효율적 활용을 통해 성장을 지속해 나가야 한다.
⑤ 물질적 성과보다 건강이 중요한 가치임을 인식해야 한다.
5. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
*inspectorate: 점검단
[어휘] occupational 업무상의 / advisory 자문의 / unload ~ on to … ~을 …에게 떠안기다 / content 만족 하는 / inspector 점검관, 조사관 / take the initiative 솔 선하다 / sanction 제재 (조치)
The primary responsibility for preventing occupational accidents and disease lies with those who create the risks and those who work with them. The wrong sort of free advisory service could have the result of encouraging industry to unload on to
government the task of finding answers to all the health and safety problems which
industry itself has created ― which would be not only wasteful, but damaging. Even today there are still too many managements who are content to leave it to the inspector to tell them what to do about safety, without taking any initiative themselves. Advice needs to be linked with sanctions which can be used, when necessary, to bring home to
managements and employees their direct responsibility for tackling their own health and safety problems. Once that
responsibility is recognised, an inspectorate can do much to help industry to help itself and so can contribute to the broader effort for health and safety at work.
① 산업 재해 관련 법률이 현실 상황에 맞게 정비되어야 한다.
② 산업 안전 보건 관리 전문 기업이 더 많이 육성되어야 한다.
③ 산업 재해 방지를 위한 정부의 자문 활동이 강화되어야 한다.
④ 작업 환경 및 근로 조건 개선을 통해 산업 재해를 줄여야 한다.
⑤ 보건과 안전에 대한 경영자와 근로자의 책임 의식을 높여야 한
다.
6. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
*monogamous: 일부일처의
[ 어휘] naturalist 동식물 연구가 / insightful 통찰력 있는 / cub (곰·사자·늑대 등의) 새끼 / nurture 양육하다 / adolescence 청소년기 / take over 넘겨받다 / offspring (집합적) 새끼 / hostile 적대적인 / endow 부여하다 / self-sufficiency 자급자족 / do well to do ~하는 것이 현 명하다 / infancy 유아기 / convinced 확신하는 / autonomy 자율
In Never Cry Wolf, naturalist and author Farley Mowat gives an insightful look at the wolf family, one of the few monogamous family units in the animal kingdom. Wolf cubs are never far from their mother. She protects and nurtures them until they reach adolescence, at which point the male wolf takes over as primary parent. He teaches his offspring to hunt and kill and survive in an often hostile environment. In other words, the wolf father endows his children with the skills they will need for self-sufficiency.
Reading Mowat’s book, the thought struck me that perhaps we humans would do well to take a lesson from the wolf. I’m
convinced, in fact, that children need more
“mothering” than “fathering” during infancy and early childhood. I’m equally convinced that as children grow and their needs for autonomy increase, fathers become increasingly important.
① 부모의 과잉보호는 자녀에게 결코 이롭지 않다.
② 인간이 동물의 자녀 양육 방식을 따를 수는 없다.
③ 자녀가 성장할 때 아버지도 자녀 양육에 중요하다.
④ 부모는 자녀를 독립적인 인격체로서 존중해야 한다.
⑤ 자녀의 양육에 관한 한 부모는 한 목소리를 내야 한다.
7. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
[ 어휘] resolution 결심 / take the initiative 남보다 앞서 하다 / halfway 중간에 / apparent 명백한 / withstand 견 디다 / seal 밀봉하다 / aroma 향기 / persevere 견디어내 다, 인내하다 / slack 해이해지다 / forge 벼리다
When young people make a resolution, it is often easy to take the initiative but difficult to follow through. Therefore, when something takes months, years or even longer to realize any effect, some people will become impatient and give up halfway, and thus waste all their previous effort. In reality, an immediate effect is not always apparent in most situations. Scholars in the past had to be able to withstand at least a decade of hard work in their studies before they got the opportunity to succeed. Likewise, when Chinese people in the old days pickled vegetables and sealed them in jars, the longer the containers remained sealed, the better the flavor and aroma. Therefore, young people nowadays should not look for instant results in establishing their career and gaining success in work. They must be patient and persevere over a long time without ever slacking off, before they can be forged into steel.
① 급한 일일수록 서두르지 말고 천천히 해라.
② 시간이 걸리는 일을 할 때 게을러지지 마라.
③ 해야 할 일이 생기면 남보다 앞서서 시작해라.
④ 즉각적인 결과를 기대하지 말고 인내심을 가져라.
⑤ 다른 사람의 성과와 자신의 성과를 비교하지 마라.
8. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
[ 어휘] association 연상 / correction 교정 / reprimand 야단치기 / harsh 가혹한 / intimidation 위협 / sensation 느낌 / well up 치밀어 오르다
Now think about your child, and the
associations you want your dog to make with him or her. If in the past you trained your dog using collar corrections or verbal reprimands like a harsh “No!” you may have gotten the results you wanted in terms of training.
However, I strongly recommend you not use pain or intimidation to teach your dog
manners if you have a child in your
household. If your child is nearby, your dog may readily associate your child with the pain or unpleasant sensation of a collar correction, the fear experienced with yelling or threats, or the dread that wells up at the sight of a spray bottle. For your child’s safety and for the sake of a trusting relationship between child and dog, we want your dog to learn “Child = good!” so it’s important to create pleasant associations.
