경희대학교 2011년 영어 (인문, 예체능)
With U편입 평가시스템 시험시간 : 60문항/60분성 명 지원 학부(과)
수험 번호
1. 답안지에 성명, 지원 학부(과), 문제 유형, 수험 번호를 정확히 쓰시오.
2. 답안지에는 답 이외의 어떠한 표기도 하지 마시오.
3. 답은 반드시 컴퓨터용 사인펜을 사용하여 표기하시오.
4. 오답에 대한 감점은 없습니다.
5. 본 Test는 연도별 실제 기출문제를 사용하므로 최근 유형과 다소 차이가 있을 수 있습니다.
[1-16] 밑줄 친 부분과 가장 비슷한 단어를 고르시오.
1. My mother, who is very old, has had many adverse events in her life, but has always shrugged them off and to this day people are drawn to her because of her cheerfulness.
(A)exciting (B)miraculous
(C)unfavorable (D)solipsistic
2. The world is changing at such a vertiginous speed in this digital age, I don't think I can afford a vacation even if it is paid for.
(A)incredulous (B)giddy
(C)slow (D)accelerated
3. Mohnmmadi Ashtiani told reporters that the Bild am Sonntag (BAS) journalists had “embarrassed” her, but refused to elaborate.
(A)explain (B)give up
(C)sue (D)criticize
4. England failed to hit the heights of last week's record victory over Australia but they remained patient long enough to clinch a hard-fought win against Samoa.
(A)initiate (B)overturn
(C)commemorate (D)conclude
5. It is incumbent on those holding or seeking high office to be totally accountable to the voters of Illinois.
(A)irresponsible (B)obligatory
(C)disadvantageous (D)commandable
6. Stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS, and sometimes community or even governmental denial of the disease, too often dissuade individuals from getting tested or receiving medical care.
(A)deter (B)convince
(C)bar (D)prescribe
7. Mr. Crumb's work presents a vision of American life as a phantasmagoric gallery of grotesques that is as gripping as it is harshly funny.
(A)mind-numbing (B)bizarre
(C)classical (D)tantalizing
8. Other owners find the sale price they are likely to receive discouraging, and they prefer to wait for a more propitious time to sell.
(A)voluntary (B)auspicious
(C)conducive (D)perspicacious
9. The success of these films, and a few others, even promptedThe New York Times to write a feature hailing the dawn of a new era of originality in big budget movies. Hollywood bigwigs opined that “originality” and
“quality” were the next big thing.
(A)jeered (B)praised
(C)brooded (D)observed
10. A year ago, he ruled his nation, presided at the nexus of corruption, greed, vanity and perfidy that is the right of a despotic head of state. He was evicted from power — unconstitutionally he is eager to remind you — by the sort of populist movement that has become the Philippine way of disposing of such autocrats.
(A)imaginary (B)machinery
(C)paltry (D)treachery
11. Brecht's own The Threepenny Opera, featuring rock star Sting as the seductive villain Macheath, is freely stolen from British satirist John Gay's 1728The Beggar's Opera. Sad to say, although each show could boast ingenious design and staging or beguiling acting, far from the best writers have been at work.
(A)filched (B)flattered
(C)flickered (D)fluttered
12. By the mid 1820s imperial attempts to create a “free market” in labour had an explosive effect on the class relations of a colony dependent on slaves and serfs. New regulations ensured standards of treatment and established equality before the law for “masters” and “servants.” Ordinance 50 of 1828, which ensured Khoisan mobility on the labour market, caused an uproar; in 1834 slaves were finally emancipated.
(A)hubbub (B)humbug
(C)hobble (D)hokum
13. Huston's best motion pictures feature fast-paced scripts, vivid characterizations, and exciting and unpredictable plots. Many of his lesser-known films were both critical and commercial failures, but even these show his ironic and often pessimistic view of human striving and his ability to coax outstanding performances from his leading actors.
(A)assault (B)defy
(C)ensue (D) extract
14. In his fast scientific stride Biologist William Firth Wells has made oyster eggs begin to grow artificially and by means of artificial sunlight made germs vanish from thin air. Last week after working persistently against smaller and smaller forms of life, biologist Wells was able to announce that by means of ultraviolet light he destroys the minuscule cause of influenza as it floats in air.
(A)degenerate (B)germinate
(C)inaugurate (D) exculpate
15. The jetliner left Atlanta and raced through the night toward Los Angeles.
From his window seat, the black man gazed down at the shadowed outlines of the Appalachians, then leaned back against a white pillow. In the dimmed cabin light, his dark, impassive face seemed enlivened only by his big, shiny, compelling eyes. Suddenly, the plane shuddered in a pocket of severe turbulence.
(A)pragmatic (B)automatic
(C)phlegmatic (D) agnostic
16. In Africa it is unrealistic to separate music from dance or from bodily movement. In Europe the body tends to be used as a single block, while in African and Afro-American dance it seems to be “polycentric” — that is, split into several independent body areas or “centers.” Likewise, the playing of African musical instruments involves a whole combination of body movements. This is one reason African music is less amenable to notation than Western music; for analytical purposes, sound filming is essential.
(A)insoluble (B)knowable
(C)agreeable (D)available
유의 사항
[17-26] 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
17. Once Edwards began his extramarital affair with carefree, fashion-loving Hunter in 2006, his mental clutch slipped completely. Hunter was the ________ of his starchy wife Elizabeth.
(A)obverse (B)derivative
(C)dupe (D)stereotype
18. Like a great pumping plant is the U.S. Postal service, pumping current periodicals from the country's publishing reservoirs to individual subscribers. Inevitably a certain amount of the flow is impeded in transit by obsolete or ________ addresses, torn wrappers, clerical stupidity.
Undelivered copies of national magazines back up in central post offices like windfalls at a beaverdam.
(A)edible (B)inedible
(C)legible (D)illegible
19. Efforts to establish a formal peace in Korea suffered a setback after a naval skirmish between North and South Korean gunboats. The North Korean vessel, which crossed into South Korean waters while escorting fishing vessels, fired three shots at the southern boat, which was on the scene to investigate the ________. The South Korean ship responded with two shots of its own.
(A)inference (B)injunction
(C)intrusion (D)instruction
20. George Lyon may have considered himself a highwayman, but it's said that his only successful holdup was of the Liverpool mail coach, for which he and his two ________ were eventually hanged in 1815. He makes the list, though, for a spectacularly bungled highway-robbery effort. According to local legend, Lyon once tried to hold up a coach that was transporting wages to a coal mine.
(A)assailants (B)antidotes
(C)affidavits (D)accomplices
21. Just as the chances of Lebanese reconciliation improve, violence hits again. As dawn was breaking over southern Lebanon last Friday morning, a suicidal terrorist driving a bomb-laden Chevrolet pickup crashed through the ________ at the Israeli military headquarters in the Lebanese port city of Tyre. Practically in the middle of the compound, nearly half a ton of explosives detonated, killing 28 Israeli soldiers and military personnel.
(A)brocade (B)barricade
(C)boulevard (D)buttress
22. Taking a traditional London black cab has its charms. Cab drivers pass rigorous exams to prove they know their way about the city — they're unlikely to hose you by taking ________ routes — and they often like to share their world view with passengers too. But they are expensive, especially in heavy traffic, which is a common phenomenon in London.
(A)insidious (B)ambiguous
(C)circuitous (D)nefarious
23. The prints were collected by such painters as Édouard Manet, Edgar Degas, Claude Monet, and other artists. The clarity of line, spaciousness of composition, and boldness and flatness of colour and light in Japanese prints had a direct impact on their work and on that of their followers.
Less important and more ephemeral was an attempt in France to ________
Japanese interior design, following the display of Japanese decorative arts at the 1867 Universal Exposition in Paris.
(A)exasperate (B)alienate
(C)alleviate (D)emulate
24. Growing old gracefully is a poetic ideal, but in real life, according to recent studies in Chicago, people are more likely to survive into a ripe old age if they are ________ and pugnacious. Passive senior citizens seem to lack the moxie necessary to deal with all the natural shocks that aging flesh is heir to.
(A)gawky (B)grouchy
(C)grisly (D)greasy
25. The origins of the Nazi Third Reich must be sought in the appeal of Hitler and his party. Adolf Hitler recounted inMein Kampf, the autobiographical ________ written in prison after his abortive putsch of 1923, that he saw himself as that rare individual, the programmatic thinker and the politician become one.
(A)harass (B)harmony
(C)harangue (D)hermitage
26. The Roman emperor Maximinus was a fervent pagan. In 306 and again in 308 he ordered a general sacrifice to the pagan gods; Christian ________
were mutilated and sent to the mines and quarries. In 311 he grudgingly accepted Galerius's edict of toleration for Christians but still endeavoured to organize and revitalize paganism.
(A)ruffians (B)referees
(C)recluses (D) recusants
[27-28] 밑줄 친 부분 중 잘못 된 것은?
27. U.S. marines (A)on a recent trip to Afganistan (B)offered medical care to local women in the village of Lakari, but (C)some of these women said they would rather die (D)than being touched by a male doctor.
28. Information technologies and ubiquitous (A)access to the Internet have linked us (B)as never before, creating possibility of sharing insights and (C)giving rise in what Sam Dunne of Yale University calls a massive
“cognitive surplus” whose wealth-creating potential can (D)as yet only be guessed at.
[29-33] 빈칸에 가장 알맞은 것은?
29. Maria Callas was a woman for whom the term primadonna could have been invented. She was an American-born Greek soprano and made her professional debut in 1942, and since then she ________ to be a singer-actress.
(A)long considered herself (B)was long herself considered (C)long considering herself (D) herself long considering
30. In April, Steve Jobs launched his iPad. And it was good. The iPad was not the first eReader or Tablet on the market, nor ________ as multi-functional as the iPhone. You can't make phone calls with an iPad.
(A)it was not (B)it was
(C)was it (D) it was so
31. Losing weight tops many people's new year's resolution list. ________, one student has ________ the extreme measure of getting ready ________ a job interview — swallowing roundworm eggs.
(A)However — espoused — against (B)In effect — defied — ahead of (C)For example — pursued — for (D) Nevertheless — developed — since
32. Winston Churchill said that history would judge him kindly because he intended ________ it himself. The self-serving but elegant volumes he authored on the war led the Nobel Committee, unable in all conscience ________ him an award for peace, to give him, astonishingly, the Nobel Prize for Literature.
(A)writing — bestowing (B)to write — to bestow (C)to writing — to bestowing (D)to write — bestow
33. Although Aung San Suu Kyi is still revered in Burma, as proven by the crowds that ________ her since her release, the political opposition that once ________ around her ________ to fracture.
(A)throng — coalesces — may begin
(B)may throng — coalesced — will have begun (C)have thronged — coalesced — has begun (D) have thronged — coalesces — will begin
[34-36] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Women in the third world countries are well aware of the devastating effects of polluted rivers, felled forests, and diseased crops. And grassroots leaders from Africa to South Asia are now teaching women to take the lead in protecting the water, fields, and trees upon which they depend.
It's a form of activism that has its roots in organizations such as Wangari Maathai's Green Belt Movement, which got its start among rural Kenyan women in the 1970s. Maathai founded the group after she witnessed the drastic effects of deforestation on local women's lives. “They didn't have firewood, they didn't have clean water, and they didn't have adequate food,” she later said. “The first step was to talk to women and convince them that we could do something about their environment.”
Maathai paid women a small stipend for planting trees, and communities saw how new growth prevented soil erosion, provided food, and lured back wildlife.
The movement eventually became so successful, it drew the ①________
of then-Kenyan president Daniel Moi, whose cronies were growing rich off logging and land grabs. Maathai survived police beatings and jail time to protest Moi's aggressive ②development plans. In 2004, thanks to her efforts, she became the first African woman — and the first environmentalist — to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
34. 아래 주제 중 윗글과 상관이 없는 것은?
(A) 생태주의 (B) 여성의 참정권
(C) 식량난 (D) 제3세계의 가난
35. 빈칸 ①에 알맞은 단어는?
(A)envy (B)admiration
(C)fancy (D)ire
36. 밑줄 친 ②가 윗글에 언급된 당시 케냐 정권을 상징하는 단어라면, 여성운동가 Maathai의 지향점을 설명하기에 가장 적절한 단어는?
(A)underdevelopment (B)sustainability
(C)repatriation (D)apartheid
[37-39] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Although the IMF still labels China a “developing country,” much of the rest of the world does not. Indeed, China has become the world's growth engine — it represented some 50 percent of overall world GDP growth in 2009, and the country's stimulus package alone created some 22 million jobs. This question of whether China is rich or poor is at the heart of the deterioration in U.S.-China relations over the last several months. So many of the things that America is asking China to do are predicated on the notion that China is now prosperous enough to play the role of a developed nation.
Just as there are two Americas, so there are ①two Chinas. A 50-minute ride outside Shanghai will quickly give you a picture of the second one: 36 percent of the country's population lives on less than
$2 a day, and an incredible 150 million are living on a dollar or less.
As the vice chairman of China's Foreign Affairs Committee, Minister Nan Zhenzhong, is quick to point out, “We are second only to India in terms of sheer numbers of poor people. In this sense, the only role we can play in international affairs is the role of a large developing country.”
It's the conventional wisdom in China, an argument that nearly every political figure or high-profile economist will put forward to justify the country's traditional lack of engagement in the larger world. From Deng Xiaoping onward, China has ②________ the role of global leader, preferring to focus on a completely domestic agenda of development. “We must stick to our own principles,” says Nan. “If we can continue to lift 1.3 billion people out of poverty, isn't that the best thing that we can do to help the rest of the world?”
37. 두 번째 문장에서 ①이 뜻하는 바는? (A)the rich and the poor
(B)the indigenous and the multiracial (C)the communist and the capitalist (D)the Chinese and the Westernized
38. 빈칸 ②에 알맞은 단어는?
(A)eschewed (B)usurped
(C)vied for (D)contested
39. 위 글에서 Minister Nan Zhenzhong의 마지막 발언이 내비치는 감정을 묘사하기 에 가장 적절한 표현은?
(A)uncertain (B) carefree
(C) pessimistic (D)self-justificatory
[40-42] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
In 1993 a memorable cartoon inThe New York Times explained that
“on the internet, nobody knows you're a dog”; in 2010 anonymity is on the way to being abolished. At the Techonomy conference on 4 August 2010, Google's CEO Eric Schmidt said: “Show us 14 photos of yourself and we can identify who you are. You think you don't have 14 photos of yourself on the internet? You've got Facebook photos!” This state of affairs was not only irrevocable but also, in his eyes, necessary: “In a world of asymmetric threats, true anonymity is too dangerous. ... You need a name service for humans. ... governments are going to require it.”
Although it is still possible to cheat, it will be increasingly difficult to do so in the future. The world's most powerful online architects and its political leaders plan to “civilise” the free internet, which they still see as a lawless zone. If they succeed in ①________ the internet, stating your real identity will be the price you have to pay in order to enjoy full access.
The word “web” was originally an image used to describe a decentralised system of interconnected information networks. Nobody imagined that a spider would actually take up residence at its centre and start spying on the activities of all internet users.
40. 위 글의 첫 문단에서 1993년으로부터 2010년까지라는 세월의 경과가 갖는 의미는?
(A) Over the years, the rising influence of the Internet has revolutionized how we carry out daily activities.
(B)The social authority formerly enjoyed by newspapers likeThe New York Times has passed on to the CEOs of IT companies like Google.
(C)The aspect of the internet which was once considered its positive asset is nowadays considered by some influential people as a serious threat to the society.
(D)Politicians are envious of the growing social influence of people like Eric Schmidt.
41. 빈칸 ①에 알맞은 단어는?
(A)domesticating (B)inundating
(C)scandalizing (D) mollifying
42. 두 번째 문단에서 가장 핵심적으로 대비되는 한 쌍의 이미지는? (A)decentralized system vs. law-governed zone
(B)architects vs. spider
(C)politicians vs. CEOs of IT companies (D) off-line identity vs. on-line identity [43-45] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
From the cave to the skyscraper, from the club to weapons of mass destruction, from the tautological life of the tribe to the era of globalization, the fictions of literature have multiplied human experiences, preventing us from succumbing to lethargy, self-absorption, resignation. Nothing has sown so much disquiet, so disturbed our imagination and our desires as the life of ①lies we add, thanks to literature, to the one we have, so we can be protagonists in the great adventures, the great passions real life will never give us.
The lies of literature become truths through us, the readers transformed, infected with longings and, through the fault of fiction, permanently questioning a mediocre reality. Sorcery, when literature offers us the hope of having what we do not have, being what we are not, acceding to that impossible existence where like pagan gods we feel mortal and eternal at the same time, that introduces into our spirits non-conformity and rebellion, which are behind all the heroic deeds that have contributed to the reduction of violence in human relationships.
Reducing violence, not ending it. Because ours will always be, fortunately, an unfinished story. That is why we have to continue dreaming, reading, and writing, the most effective way we have found to ②________ our mortal condition, to defeat the corrosion of time, and to transform the impossible into possibility.
43. 위 글에서 밑줄 친 ①이 뜻하는 것은?
(A)hypocrisy (B)imagination
(C)stupidity (D) rationality
44. 빈칸 ②에 알맞은 단어는?
(A)procrastinate (B)abjure
(C)alleviate (D)aggravate
45. 다음 중 위 글의 성격이 가장 부합하는 유형은?
(A) 죽은 문호에게 바치는 헌사 (B) 문학상 수상 연설
(C) 작품분석 논문 (D) 신간 소개기사
[46-48] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
“Invest” seems to be the buzzword of the day because the cost of courses will be indexed to the likelihood of financial rewards down the line. A course's “key selling point” will be “that it provides improved employability” and students will be asked to pay “higher charges” for a course only “if there is a proven path to higher earnings.” The result, anticipated and welcomed by the authors of the Browne report, will be that courses of study that “deliver improved employability will prosper,”
while those that don't “will disappear.” This will hold also for universities, which will either prosper or wither on the vine depending on the agility they display in adapting themselves to student-consumer demands.
“Institutions will have to persuade students that the charges they put on their courses represents value for money.”
It hardly need be said that under this scheme the arts and the humanities (and most of the social sciences) will be the losers: the model of rational economic (as opposed to educational) choice does not encourage investment in ①medieval allegory or modern poetry or Greek history. But the Browne report is taking no chances. Concerned that students might choose (invest) poorly and thereby threaten the viability of “priority” courses of study — science, technology, clinical medicine and nursing — the report proposes “additional and targeted investment for those courses.”
At the end of the report, the authors get to congratulate themselves:
“We have never lost sight of the value of learning to students, nor the significant contribution of higher education to the quality of life in a civilized society.” A first response to this declaration might be to describe it as either a lie or a joke. There is no recognition in the report at all of the value of learning; quality is a measure nowhere referenced;
civilization, as far as one can see, will have to take care of itself.
46. 교육을 바라보는 관점 중 저자가 가장 경계하는 관점은?
(A)economic (B)political
(C)artistic (D)scientific
47. 대학교육의 미래에 대한 저자의 심경을 가장 적절히 표현한다면?
(A)hopeful (B)playful
(C)critical (D)ironic
48. 위 글의 전반적 주장에 근거해, ①과 같은 인문학 수업이 지니는 공통점은?
(A)They are too Western in today's multicultural world.
(B)They do not provide moral values.
(C)They are too difficult.
(D)They do not directly lead to employment.
[49-51] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
The word vitamin was originally derived from Funk's term “vital amine.” In 1912, he was referring to Christian Eijkman's discovery of an amine extracted from rice polishings that could prevent beriberi.
Funk's recognition of the antiberiberi factor as vital for life was indeed accurate. Researchers have since found that vitamins are essential organic compounds that the human body cannot synthesize. Two independent research teams, Osborne and Mendel at Yale University and McCollum and Davis at the University of Wisconsin, simultaneously discovered vitamin A in 1913.
Vitamin A is essential for vision (especially dark adaptation), immune response, bone growth, reproduction, the maintenance of the surface linings of the eyes, epithelial cell growth and repair, and the epithelial integrity of the respiratory, urinary, and intestinal tracts. Vitamin A is
also important for embryonic development and the regulation of adult genes. Deficiency of vitamin A is found among malnourished, elderly, and chronically sick populations in the United States, but it is more ① ________ in developing countries. Abnormal visual adaptation to darkness, dry skin, dry hair, broken fingernails, and decreased resistance to infections are among the first signs of vitamin A deficiency (VAD).
49. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적당한 것은?
(A)Vitamin A and Its Deficiency-related Symptoms (B)The Origin of Vitamin A Research
(C)Types of Vitamin A and Their Roles (D) Results of Vitamin A Deficiency
50. 문맥상 빈칸 ①에 알맞은 것은?
(A)limited (B)uncommon
(C)prevalent (D)isolated
51. 위 글에서 vitamin A deficiency의 결과로 나타나는 증상으로 언급되지 않은 것 은?
(A)abnormal dark adaptation (B)decreased immune response (C)broken finger nails (D)epithelial cell growth [52-54] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
The digital divide is most commonly defined as the gap between those individuals and communities that have, and do not have, access to the information technologies that are transforming our lives. In February 2002, the U.S. Department of Commerce released “A Nation Online: How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the Internet,” the latest study on computer and Internet use in America. Formerly a national benchmark for ①________ disparities in access, the implied message of this latest release is that the digital divide is no longer a major concern.
Many organizations feel differently, and as the debate intensifies, we are asking after ten years of national leadership to address the issue, “Where are we?” “A Nation Online” reported that the rate of growth of Internet use in the United States is currently 2 million new Internet users per month, with Internet use continuing to increase across income, education, age, race, ethnicity, and gender lines.
This is all good news, and a testament, in part, to the effectiveness of several federally funded programs such as the E-Rate, or telecommunications discounts to schools and libraries, the Technology Opportunities Program (TOP) and the Community Technology Centers Program (CTC). The CTC program provides matching grants that leverage state, local, and other resources to create and improve technology access and training facilities. The TOP program provides matching grants for projects that use technology in innovative ways to solve social problems and improve community access to modern telecommunications. Progress has been made, but a deeper look at the numbers in “A Nation Online”
reveals that considerable work remains to bridge the digital divide. With 54 percent of Americans online, the current Administration sees “A Nation Online” as proof that a targeted national commitment to bridging the divide is no longer necessary. Along with a 17 percent decrease in educational technology funding from 2001, the TOP and CTC programs have been slated for termination in 2003. The rationale is that Americans are gaining access to computers at an acceptable pace and as a result the role of government can be curtailed.
52. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적당한 것은?
(A)Current Status of the Digital Divide in the U.S.
(B)Ever-widening Digital Divide in the U.S.
(C)Measures Taken by the U.S. Government to Bridge Digital Divide (D) How to Overcome Digital Divide in the U.S.
53. 문맥상 빈칸 ①에 알맞은 것은?
(A)measuring (B)overcoming
(C)widening (D)bridging
54. 다음 중 글쓴이의 주장에 해당하는 것은?
(A)Digital divide is no longer a major concern.
(B)Considerable work remains to bridge the digital divide.
(C)Real progress has been made in bridging the digital divide.
(D) The government provides enough grants to solve digital divide problems.
[55-57] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Desertification is the degradation of land in arid and dry sub-humid areas due to various factors: including climatic variations and human activities. A major impact of desertification is reduced biodiversity and diminished productive capacity, for example, by transition from land dominated by shrublands to non-native grasslands. For example, in the semi-arid regions of southern California, many coastal sage scrub and chaparral ecosystems have been replaced by non-native, invasive grasses due to the shortening of fire return intervals. This can create a monoculture of annual grass that cannot support the wide range of animals once found in the original ecosystem.
Numerous authors underline the strong link between desertification and poverty. The proportion of poor people among populations is noticeably higher in dryland zones, especially among rural populations. This situation increases yet further as a function of land degradation because of the reduction in productivity, the precariousness of living conditions and difficulty of access to resources and opportunities. A ①downward spiral is created in many underdeveloped countries by overgrazing, land exhaustion and overdrafting of groundwater in many of the marginally productive world regions due to overpopulation pressures to exploit marginal drylands for farming. Decision-makers are understandably averse to invest in arid zones with low potential. This absence of investment contributes to the marginalization of these zones. When unfavourable agro-climatic conditions are combined with an absence of infrastructure and access to markets, as well as poorly adapted production techniques and an underfed and undereducated population, most such zones are excluded from development. Reforestation gets at one of the root causes of desertification and isn't just a treatment of the symptoms. Environmental organizations work in places where deforestation and desertification are contributing to extreme poverty.
There they focus primarily on educating the local population about the dangers of deforestation.
55. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적당한 것은? (A)Desertification and Deforestation (B)Desertification and Poverty (C)Desertification and Marginalisation (D)Desertification and Education
56. 밑줄 친 ①의 의미에 가장 가까운 것은?
(A)aggravation (B)improvement
(C)maintenance (D)reclamation
57. 다음 중 글쓴이의 주장과 일치하는 것은?
(A) Educating the local population about the danger of desertfication is not on top priority.
(B)Reforestation is not merely a treatment of the symptoms of desertification.
(C)Marginalization of drylands is hastened by the investment in these areas.
(D)In desertification climatic variations are more harmful than human activities.
[58-60] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
For many artists in Korea's booming music industry, social media like YouTube and Twitter have become crucial tools to reach audiences in formerly hard-to-access markets like the U.S. and Europe. Korean artists are bypassing traditional outlets like radio and television, “aggressively steering their efforts to go international via the Internet,” says Bernie Cho, president of DFSB Kollective, a Seoul-based agency specializing in the international marketing of Korean pop acts. “Social-media-savvy K-pop stars are now tweeting, YouTubing and Facebooking their way up music charts across and beyond Asia.” It's working; allkpop.com, an English-language, U.S.-based Korean pop blog that caters to international fans, generates more Web traffic than any Korean music portals in South Korea. “Korean artists are now out there,” says Johnny Noh, who runs the site. “People like Korean artists and want to know more about them.” The blog's monthly readers more than ①________ in the past year, from 1 million in 2009 to 2.2 million today.
DFSB Kollective was the first company to begin direct distribution of Korean music acts on iTunes, in 2009. It began with more than 50 Korean artists in the alternative, hip-hop and electronica genres; now there are hundreds of Korean artists available in the online music store.
Within a few hours of the Aug. 25 iTunes release of Solar International, an extended version of Taeyang's album that includes English versions of his singles, the album reached No. 3 in Japan, No. 5 in Canada, No.
11 in the U.S. and No. 15 in Australia on the R&B/Soul album chart.
It will hit on-the-ground music stores in the U.S. and Canada later, while no release date has been set for Asian markets. It's the first time a South Korean album has been promoted offshore and online exclusively through social-media groups, according to YG Entertainment, Taeyang's Korean R&B and hip-hop label. People in the Korean music industry are watching and learning. YG Entertainment plans to release the first album of girl group 2NE1 offshore and online. The group became famous after releasing the single “Lollipop,” with Big Bang, which was featured in an LG cell-phone ad campaign last year.
58. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적당한 것은?
(A)Emerging Korean Pop Stars in Music Market (B)How to Succeed in Online Music Market (C)Transition from Offline Market to Online Market (D) Spread of Korean Music Through Social Media
59. 문맥상 빈칸 ①에 알맞은 것은?
(A)increased (B)reached
(C)doubled (D)waned
60. 다음 중 한국음악의 급속한 보급에 기여한 도구로 언급되지 않은 것은?
(A)YouTube (B)Twitter
(C)web blog (D)television
