Magnetic Properties of MgB 2 Thin Films Grown by Using HPCVD
J. C. Lim · K. J. Song ∗
Division of Science Education (Physics) and Institute of Fusion Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
W. N. Kang
BK21 Physics Division and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
(Received 13 September 2013 : revised 11 October 2013 : accepted 12 November 2013)
The magnetic properties of pure MgB
2superconducting films that were fabricated on Al
2O
3substrates by employing the HPCVD (hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition) method, were investigated. The measurements of the magnetization M (H) for the MgB
2films were carried out at temperatures between 5 K and 50 K in fields up to 6 T by using a PPMS 9 T system with VSM option (Quantum Design). The pure MgB
2films showed a T
c(onset temperature) of 39.5 K with good homogeneity of the superconducting properties. The lower critical field H
c1and the penetration field H
papproximately followed a linear temperature dependence. The irreversibility field H
irr(melting line) could be described by using the power-law relation H
irr(T ) = H
irr(0)[1 − (T /T
c)
n], with n = 0.85 and H
irr(0) = 3.8 T, for external fields applied parallel to the c-axis and with n = 0.75 and H
irr(0) = 2.8 T for external fields applied parallel to the ab-plane. The α value in the relation J
c(∝ 4M ) = H
−αwas estimated to be ∼1.03 at 5 K for external fields applied parallel to the c−axis.
PACS numbers: 74.25.Ha, 74.60.Jg, 74.70.Ad
Keywords: MgB
2thin film, Magnetization, Magnetic moment, Magnetic property, Critical current density, Irreversibility field
HPCVD U ê s0 n É® z º V R ËX ê s X ¢ MgB 2 ¾ ¹ Åy ¢ U c lT c l8 ý M X ì Ä ¤V R Ë ì Å
»U c S @ · ö ¶ B¦ + ä ∗
· ¡ ¤ @ / < Æ § õ < Æ §¹ ¢ ¤ < ÆÂ Ò Ó ü t o §¹ ¢ ¤ / B N x 9 Ö 6 x ½ + Ëõ < Æ ½ ¨ è, Å Ò 561-756
~ ç
¡ 4 w H
$ í
ç H ' a @ / < Æ § Ó ü t o < Æõ x 9 BK21 Ó ü t o \ O é ß , Ã º" é ¶ 440-746
(2013¸ 9 Z 4 13{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2013¸ 10 Z 4 11{ 9 Ã º& ñ : r ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2013¸ 11 Z 4 12{ 9 > F S X & ñ )
HPCVD ~ ½ ÓZ O Ü ¼ Ð s # Q (Al
2O
3) l ó ø Í 0 A\ $ í © r í H Ã ºô Ç MgB
2 í ¸ ~ Ã Ì} r ¼ # [ þ t \ @ / ô
Ç l & h : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ¸ % i . MgB
2~ Ã Ì} r « Ñ_ o ¸ M(H) 8 £ ¤& ñ ` ¦ PPMS-VSM © q \ ¦ s 6 x
# : r ¸ 5 Kü < 50 K s _ : r ¸ % ò % i \ " f l © _ [ jl \ ¦ 6 T t or v " f z ´r % i .
ª | 9 _ í H Ã ºô Ç MgB
2 í ¸ ~ Ã Ì} _ e > s : r ¸ T
c H 39.5 K s ¦, Â Òe > l © H
c1õ í
¸ ? /Â Ò È Òõ l © (penetration field) H
p[ þ t É r _ + þ A& h : r ¸ _ > r$ í ` ¦ Ð% i . H
irr(T ) = 1241
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[
j b $ í | 9 _ ¦ : r í ¸^ (HTSC)ü < F K5 Å q $ í | 9 _ $
: r í ¸^ (LTSC)\ ¦ H × æ ç ß ¦o _ % i ½ + É Ð ´ ú §
É
r l @ /\ ¦ ~ Ã ÎÜ ¼ " f, $ : r í ¸$ í B j& m 7 £ §` ¦ l ì ø ÍÜ ¼
Ð ¦ : r í ¸$ í B j& m 7 £ §` ¦ ½ ©" î l 0 Aô Ç MgB 2 í
¸$ í ½ ¨[ þ t s & ³F t ª > ' ÷ &# Q ¸ ¦ e [2–7]. MgB 2 í ¸^ H ¦ : r í ¸^ ü < H Ø Ô> : x
&
h BCS í ¸ : £ ¤$ í õ { 9 > s _ y © ô Ç ½ + Ë\ _ ô Ç
À Ó â ì2 £ § : £ ¤$ í s e Ü ¼ 9 [2,3], " é ¶: x+ þ A 2D-σ band x 9 1 p x
~
½ Ó& h 3D-π band_ ¿ º- í ¸ \ -t Ì s (gap)[ þ t` ¦
? / ¦ e [4,5]. : £ ¤ y , MgB 2 í ¸^ H Ó ü t o & h : £ ¤
$ í
[ þ t` ¦ ½ ©" î H ½ ¨ s ü @\ í ß \ O & h 6 £ x6 x ½ ¨[ þ t s
´ ú
§ É r ½ ¨ [ þ t _ ' a d @ / © s % 3 [8–14]. " f × æ ç ß - F
K5 Å q$ í (inter-metallic) MgB 2 í ¸^ H ¦ : r í ¸^
\
q # â ] j& h Ü ¼ Ð $ § 4 ¦, 2-$ í ì r > Ð" f Ó ü t| 9 ½ + Ë
$ í
s q §& h ~ 1 l M :ë H \ , í ¸ F < Ê É r è
_ í ß \ O & h 6 £ x6 x` ¦ 0 Aô Ç l í x 9 6 £ x6 x > hµ 1 Ï ½ ¨[ þ t s B Ä
º Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy > h÷ &# Q M ® o [8–18]. Õ ªo ¦ MgB 2 í ¸
^
_ é ß & h Ü ¼ Ð t & h ÷ &~ l © \ " f ± ú É r e > À Ó x 9
¸ (critical current density) J c : £ ¤$ í [ þ t` ¦, þ j H \
¸ ì r ´ ú [ þ t` ¦ s 6 x ô Ç 5 Å q ¦& ñ (flux pinning) l Õ ü t` ¦ ¸ { 9
< ÊÜ ¼ Ð+ í ß \ O & h Ü ¼ Ð 6 £ x6 x s 0 p x ô Ç & ñ ¸ Ð MgB 2 í
¸^ _ e > À Óx 9 ¸ J c ¾ Ó © ÷ &% 3 [12,19–21]. & ³ F
> hµ 1 Ï÷ &# Q r ó ø Í× æ MgB 2 í ¸ F H F K5 Å q È ÓÚ Ô
\
MgB 2 í ¸ ì r ´ ú ` ¦ G î r Ê ê, l > & h / B N õ \ P % o
\
¦ : x K ] j ¸÷ & H MgB 2 PIT (Powder-In-Tube) í ¸
F e H X <, s [ þ t _ í ß \ O & h 6 £ x6 x \ ^ & h í
¸ : £ ¤$ í s è Â Ò7 á ¤ ô Ç é ß & h s e . s Qô Ç MgB 2 PIT
í ¸ F _ é ß & h ` ¦ Ð ¢ - a ½ + É Ã º e H @ /î ß _ Ð" f, þ
j H \ MgB 2 í ¸ ~ Ã Ì} F > hµ 1 Ïs ' ÷ & ¦ e [22,23].
" f : r 7 Hë H \ " f ¦$ í 0 p x MgB 2 í ¸ ~ Ã Ì} F
>
hµ 1 Ï\ 9 כ ¹ô Ç þ j èl Õ ü t S X Ð_ s é ß > Ð" f, e >
∗