Behavioral characteristic of Japanese flying squid, Todarodes pacificus to LED light

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J. Kor. Soc. Fish. Tech., 44(4), 294 303, 2008 DOI:10.3796/KSFT.2008.44.4.294

Behavioral characteristic of Japanese flying squid, Todarodes pacificus to LED light

Bong-Seong B AE *, Eui-Cheol J EONG , Hae-Hoon P ARK , Dae-Soo C HANG

and Yong-Su Y ANG

¹

Fisheries Resources Division, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research &

Development Institute, Gangneung 210-861, Korea

1

Fisheries Engineering Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Busan 619-902, Korea

Squid jigging fishery is very important in that there are about 1,000 jigging vessels more than 10 tonnage and about 5,000 ones less than 10 tonnage in Korea. But the cost of oil which is used to light fishing lamps, goes significantly up to almost one hundred million won for 50 tonnage vessels and forty million won in case of vessels less than 10 tonnage. This cost has almost taken 40% of total fishing costs. That is, the fishing business condition of squid jigging fishery is recently in the very difficult situation. As oil price increases, the business condition of the fishery gets worse and worse. Therefore it is very urgent to develop an economical fishing lamp, to solve this problem of fishery s business difficulty. This research aims at developing a fishing lamp for squid jigging fishery using the light emitting diode which has very excellent efficiency and durability. We made a water tank with 20 meters width which is a shape of raceway to research behavioral characteristics of Japanese flying squid to LED light, and made an experiment to investigate optimum wave of LED light to lure squid. The method is to establish LED lamps on both ends of water tank and to observe squid s behavior. Colors and wave lengths of LED lamps, used in experiment, are red(634nm), yellow(596nm), green(523nm), blue(454nm) and white(454nm+560nm). In experiment for attractive capability of LED lamp to squids, Japanese flying squid are highly attracted to blue lamp and white lamp. However, they are dispersed to red and yellow lamps. In addition, Japanese flying squid have moved and stayed in both dark ends of water tank. When compared intermittent lamp with continuous lamp,

* Corresponding author: [email protected], Tel: 82-33-660-8523, Fax: 82-33-661-8513

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1,000 , 5,000 .

50 1 , 4

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. An and Choo(1993)

Inada(1988), Choi and Arakawa(2001) Jo et al.(2006)

.

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(Choi, 1997), 1970 . 1970

(Inada and Ogura, 1988; Choi and Arimoto, 1996).

LED( )

. LED

. Choi(2006) LED

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LED .

10 21 (Choe

et al., 2000) 12 16

(Lee et al., 1985).

10 21 ,

1 .

.

Table 1 .

Japanese flying squid are highly attracted to intermittent lamp when intermittent interval is 0.25 second.

Key words : LED, Fishing lamp, Squid jigging

Table 1. Mantle size of Japanese flying squid by experimental date (unit:mm)

Date 2007. 9.10 2007.9.11 2007.9.20 2007.9.28 2007.10.5 2007.10.9 2007.10.11 2007.10.15 Size

size variation 152 196 155 197 164 208 172 219 180 226 189 230 191 235 192 238

average 174.7 175.9 186.1 195.6 203.3 208.6 211.7 215.3

* measurement of 30 squids each day

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Fig. 1 . 20m,

0.8m 0.7m . 20m

1.25m 16 (A, B, C, N, O, P)

.

LED Fig. 2 1W

LED 7 7 50W

, , , , 5 .

, 30

LED .

(Lee , 1985)

(A, P ) .

. 5

30 1m , 30

.

5 , 5 6

.

. 1

Fig. 2. Experimental LED lamp.

Front view Side view

Fig. 1. Size of experimental water tank and LED lamp

position.

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2 , 30 ,

5 , 2

9 30 .

5 25 .

LED 5

30 1m

, 30

5 . 10

10 100 .

, LED

0.25 . 0.25

.

10 20 .

450nm 490nm, 450nm 460nm . 450nm 490nm, 450nm 460nm

10 20 .

9 10 , 9 11, 20, 28 , 10 5, 9 ,

10 11 , 10 15 .

28W . LED

.

Fig. 3

Table 2. Experimental condition of electric specification for each LED lamp

Lamp color

White Red Yellow Green Blue Item(unit)

Electric current(A) 1.17 1.71 1.75 1.17 1.17 Electric pressure(V) 24 16.4 16 24 24

Electric power(W) 28 28 28 28 28

Power supplier Power controller

Fig. 3. Experimental equipments.

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. LED

Table 2 .

28watt .

LED

(Spectro meter USB4000, THOR

Co.) (Light meter DL 202,

TENMARS Co.) LED

.

30cm 5m,

10m, 15m .

21 20.8 (9.10 ), 20.9 (9.11 ), 21.0 (9.20 ), 20.7 (9.28 ), 20.6 (10.5 ), 20.4 (10.9 ), 20.3 (10.11 ), 20.0 (10.15 ) .

LED

Fig. 4 Fig. 5 . Fig. 4

, , , ,

.

634nm, 596nm,

523nm, 454nm

(454nm)

(560nm) 60% .

Fig. 5 5m, 10m,

15m , , ,

, .

LED LED

Fig. 6 .

(37.4%) (34.0%)

(28.0%)

(4.0%)

(11.3%) . ,

.

A P

. 5

A P

Fig. 4. Wave length of experimental lamp by LED color on 28watt.

Fig. 5. Radiant power of each LED lamp on 28watt.

30

20

10

0 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750

5 10 15m

Distance(m) Wavelength(nm) blue

green white

red

Yellow

Radiant power(nW) Radiant power(nW)

White

Red

Yellow

Green

Blue

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.

5 2 3

.

, ,

.

LED LED

Fig. 7 .

.

(31.7%) (22.3%)

9.4% .

. ,

, .

,

.

3 , Fig. 6. Attractive capability of each LED lamp color to squid.

50 40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0

50 40 30 20 10 0

White LED lamp color Dark

Yellow LED lamp color Dark

Blue LED lamp color Dark

Green LED lamp color Dark Red LED lamp color Dark

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P

Frequency(%)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P

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. 5 LED

.

LED

Fig. 8 .

.

(38%) (26%) 12.6%

(34.3%)

(23.7%) 10.6% .

. Fig. 7. Attractive capability between LED lamp color to squid.

50 40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0

Frequency(%)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P White LED lamp color Red white LED lamp color yellow

White LED lamp color Green White LED lamp color Blue

Red LED lamp color Yellow Red LED lamp color Green

Red LED lamp color Blue Yellow LED lamp color Green

Yellow LED lamp color Blue Green LED lamp color Blue

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A P

.

LED LED

Fig. 9 . 450nm

490nm 450nm

.

450nm (44.3%) 490nm

(32%) 12.3% .

450nm 460nm

450nm (37.3%) 460nm (35.8%) 1.5%

3%

. LED

450 460nm

.

100 200m,

20 50m .

. ,

50 100m 10 30m

.

0.8 1 .

(Lee et al., 1985).

,

.

, . Fig. 8. Attractive capability between continuous LED lamp and intermittent one to squid.

50 40 30 20 10 0

Frequency(%)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Continuity White lamp Intermittency Continuity Blue lamp Intermittency

Fig. 9. Attractive capability between blue LED lamp wave to squid.

50 40 30 20 10 0

Frequency(%)

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P

450nm Blue lamp wave 490nm 450nm Blue lamp wave 460nm

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.

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2 .

,

.

Chancey(2005) 400

500nm

, LED

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(Kim , 2006).

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(radiant power, nW)

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/m

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, RP 2008 FE 004) .

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