Conservation Treatment of Gilded bronze Sarria Reliquary Excavated from Songlim Temple Tower

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(1)Conservation Science in Museum Vol. 3, pp. 1~7(2001). ßF° ³¿ DÜ ê- Ë$\v~ äh/ ê | . -LÂú6¼ äh . Conservation Treatment of Gilded bronze Sarria Reliquary Excavated from Songlim Temple Tower Jong-oh Kim Conservation Science Lab., The National Museum of Korea º £ ÇâÒ *÷Ú ÂÆ .ÿB ÒÒË~(b B325-1^)º ¢*® FÒB ÒÒVf þ Ö 7º Û¢¢ ÒÒËê~ ~¾ cj > ® . ã7;b& öBº ¾Ò* Ò¢ Û~ Ò ÒË~& Ú¦ÏÒ~ ¦êf .ÿÒî~ ¦b ~ ç® *£^ ®rj 2k~, ¢ j~ ºê B > ®º îÚ ¦ö & .Oö 76j v ¾Ò¢ ~& . 6 ÿn~ ÇâÒ *÷ ÂÆ ÒÒË~ö & ;&Ò¶ò& j~ ;& G, *ãÒ 5 X-F R' ~ ^¦' Òê ÷¯~& .. Abstract The gilded bronze Sarria reliquary(National Treasure No. 325-1) excavated from a five story tower in Songlim Temple is considered as a very important Sarria reliquary of Unified Silla Dynasty Kingdom along with glass Sarria containers excavated in package. It was found that this Sarria container was in a very weak condition in the conservation dept. of National Museum of Korea due to the wearing of the inside wood and the decay of the gilded bronze, so a conservation treatment was conducted by focusing on the prevention of further decay and wearing. Also because there is little information about Sarria reliquary, detailed investigation by means of precision actual measurements, microscopic examination and X-ray photography was carried out.. I. ^Òö. b, Û¢¢~ .VF ¾ B>B ·® . Fb f 1959j 4ú ÷~ Ú>Ò Ò& C&rb, ÂÆ®bº §; C, .ÿBÒÒË ~, FÒB ÒÒ÷" º, '« FÒÒ" ê.B > æ;Ë, >;K, K, &K, fB æ~~, .B ÿ ö, ËÏ ê þ BÒ>î .3) ã;b&öBº Cj B ¾^æ Fb j ê ³ &Á*~ zb¾ *Ú ÒÒË~~ ææÚ& >º Ú¦ ÏÒ~ ¦êf .ÿ6Ò ¦b ~ '« ¦Ò ~ ÖK ÎÚ^ z â ~, ¦ ª'b {Ë F &ËW ®º ¶ç~ Ö. ÒÒË~º ÒÒ¢ ÷ ö n~~V * º Ï V¢ æ~º ÏÚ . ÒÒº ®ç" þ ®v ~ ºÚ f &N>º Î ©ö æ Ëêj Æ¦ ® . V¢B ÒÒË~ 6 Ëê~ &çb CB, .³B, FÒB, ê¶V b B·> & ~ .VF *>Ú ¾æ¾ ® . ÇâÒ J[*÷1) ÂÆ ÒÒËê2)º 6fÒ, ® Ò~ ©" þ &Ë 7º ÒÒË~ 6> ® Corresponding author : Conservation Science Lab., The National Museum of Korea Tel : 02)398-5144 Fax : 02)398-5164 E-mail : [email protected]. b B 189^ b B 325^, >331 3) oñ, ÕßF° ¿Ö, æ 29,30³7, 1966. 12. 1) 2). 1 https://doi.org/10.22790/conservation.2001.3.0001.

(2) ;b&" B 3 ÷ (2001). 2. J& *öê ¦j " ®º ç& >Ú ¾Ò¢ ~² >î . ¾Òº ;·Î, ;ÖO vª~ ^zÒ*öb¦V ¶^j Aj ~&b , 2002j 1úö O>~ ÿj 12úö «ò~& . ® ¾ÒöBº *£ Fb~ ;z¾Òf z®Ú 2k, ;& G ~ ^¦Òöê 6j vî . ¾Ò¢ * ¶ò¢ Ò~ î ÒÒË~ö & ÒB ¶ò& j" j~&V r^ . æ& ê ^öBº ¾Òf &NB Òòj Þ/~ &¦ª~ ÒÚÏf ºê V æj îN~ ²B ~¶ .. II. ¾Ò* ç. ¦ ¦V * ÚRÒ *~² ªÒ& >ê >Ú® . FÒB~ ÒÒº" ÒÒ÷f ÂB¢ ªÒ êö¢ Úâ >& ® . ÒÒË~~ ê.çº & ® ·^ ç . ¦ 6¾ ¦ª'b ;WB Óÿ~ z' ìb ê.¢ '> æ pj ;ê . ÂBf V¦º Òî~ W Ï Ò& º&B º 6 £* . ÂBº .ÿB~ 6 " ö;Vb W>Ú ÒÙb ;> ®b¾, V¦~ ãÖ Ï6Ò¢ V. ~ Â*" 6~ .ÿB~ Ë" 6Ò .ÿBáb ææ> ®. . ÖÒ f ¾Ò¢ * .jÒöB ÒÒË ~& *ö ¦ª'b w/' ~& ^ ®r j BÒ~& .. .ÿB ÒÒË~~ Wj ÚÚ ÂBf V ¦ >Ú® . ÂBöº ö;V ¦O>Ú ®Ú V. 1. *~ ¾Ò V¦~ ÏÒ¦ªf Ïf ¦ê ç® £. Photo 1. Before treatment: Sarira reliquary with additional base support made of acrylic.. Photo 2. The bottom of Sarira reliquary.. Photo 3. Before treatment: a view showing a conner of the object with old repair using a thin iron strip.. Photo 4. Before treatment: A view of the lotus from the top (without the roof)..

(3) ßF° ³¿ DÜ ê- Ë$\v~ äh/. 3. ¦b £z>Ú ® . 7 1 º ~¦~ ¶ç FÒRFf 7OB ;z"º w/~¢ z'j dj > ® . 6 ¾^æ 3 ê Ó ÿ W>Ú ®¾ " ¦b s Î ç® £z>Ú *þ ç& (Photo 4,5).. Photo 5. A closed view: A damaged part (corrosion) on the leaf of the lotus.. z>Ú ®Ú *ö ç æËj .¾®~ © ? . Fb~ n* /" ÿj * vË~ jÚ6j ~ Aj B·~ ÒÏ~ ®î (Photo 1). jÚB~ A" V¦¢ À* ;~ F bö ¶ ç7 %æ pjê / 5 ÿj > ® ² ~& . 6 ÏÒ~ ç¦ª ¶ç>Ú ®Ú, Ö¶¦ªf .ï~ î:(Micro Balloon)" ^z. (Cemedine-C) bb Ïê>Ú ®î (Photo 2). V¦ .ÿBá~ Ö¶¦ªf ÒZÏ fj ' ^ &~ .ÿ6j ;~ ®îb, ÎBÒ ¦ª~ ãÖöº &º ÆÒ¢ Ï %f vË~ . ÿ6j ; ¹f ãÖê ®î (Photo 3). FÒ ÒÒºj A~º 6 ~ 6f .ÿB Òî B ¦ª 7öB &Ë ¦ ¦ªb . J Â ^úÿn FÒº .ÿB~ 6" 7/ ®º ÿ n ¦ &Ë Ò ê¯>î . 4 ~ 6 ". Photo 6. Before treatment: Sarira reliquary (Top-view).. 2. ÂB¦ ÂB¦ªf *Ú& f(0.32~0.47 mm) .ÿ6" Ò Ùb B·> ® . ç& &® ·^~ ê .çê ±j ¶ç¦ª ~ ìb¾, ¾î ¦ªö Òº '£ 1 ò Ö¶>Ú ® . .ÿ6~ r. ¦ª" ÒÙ ;B ¦ª öº £~² Óÿ ;W>Ú ®î (Photo 6,7). Ò, ÂB ç6~ ¢¦ ö ^ v Î® . ÂB çö ËB i´ f ÒÙb ; rö .O ²Ö æç ®, ÂBf V¦¢ Ú"º V 6 ÒÙ ;b >Ú ®Ú V¦öB ªÒ> jv' ¶F ² æçê . 3. V¦ V¦º Ú¦ö #>êÛ~ ÏÒ6 2 ¢ ß~ ©j ææ& âj, Î .ÿ 6Òf 6 j . ÿáb ;~ ® . Â*~ ãÖê V~¦¢ Z á~ ; ò Ú ÏÒ6~ ææ&ö ® ;~ ® . V¢B ÷ ³öB JÂ V* ÿn >Ú J B ææÚ& >º ÏÒ& ¦êN b ÖK £ ^ Â*j j .ÿB Ë æ;>¾ î£ >î . V¢B V¦~ ;zf Ö ¦ª~ ö ® ¾Ò~ 7ÚÏ >î . Â*f æ; ~ 4B 7 ~¾& B *~¢ ½Ú ¾ ® . æ;B Â*f ç¦ö ;² áê 4B 7 1Bò ;>Ú ®Ú æç z â Ö . Photo 7. Before treatment: Sarira reliquary (Front-view)..

(4) ;b&" B 3 ÷ (2001). 4. Photo 8. Distortion of the gilded bronze panel by a bronze nail.. . 6 Â* Vê ô J RJ^ æ; >Ú®. . Â* 7 ~¾º ã Ö¶>Ú ® . Â* j ¾º Òö ö N~ 6 ßöæ² .ÿáb ;>Ú ® . 6~ ¢¦º jv' ¦ ôj ¯fï ö Îj ® . ÒÒË~º Îv 7 B~ .ÿá Ö >Ú ®b, á^Ò~ .ÿ¦ª î£B ©ê ç> ® . V¦ ~j v .ÿ6 f ; á ^ .ÿ6 ;>æ pº ç& { > ®b, . ÿá B¶Òö Ú&æ á â'; ~² æ ;>Ú ®î (Photo 8). 6 Ú¶ 6ö >Ò& > îºæ r > ìæò Ö ¦ª ç¦ö 7b .ÿ 6j &Ú ¹j ¦ª ô òÂB ê ®. (Photo 9). ÏÒ6f ~ ;O; *Ò 8B~ &¾Zá *Ïb ;&® (Photo 2). &¾Zá~ Ïêº ç~ ~ ÏÒ6 2 ¢ ;~Jº ~ê © ?b¾ «{~ æ p . ~¦~ ÏÒº &® ~² ¦>Ú ® Ï ¶çê B *ö ç æËj * ;ê&. . *~ w/' ~ î:" ^z b ¶ç¦& ¾ zò^ ®î . zòê ¦ª~ ç¢ î ·f 1B²& ®b¾ &¦ª *Òræ ¾ Fæ& >Ú®î . ~¦~ ÏÒº * ã&V Ö" #> 6>î .. III. ¾Ò* Ò ¾Ò* Òº Fb~ ¾Ò¢ * ;¢ " ' O»j Û á ¾Ò*~ ç¢ ;&~² V ~V * >î . ÒÚÏf B·O», 2 k, ÒîªC j * X-F R', *ãÒ, ;&. G .. Photo 9. A view of gilded bronze nails before treatment.. Photo 10. X-ray image of Sarira reliquary (Top-view).. Photo 11. X-ray image of Sarira reliquary (Side-view).. 1. X-F Ò X-F Òº Îv " ê«B TVX-I160(TECHVALLYÒ) SOFT X-F R'V¢ ÒÏ~& . R'Ö" º 6¦ª~ ç& &® ±æ pb, V¦& Ï Ò6j ææ&~ &® ôf .ÿá ö ~ .

(5) ßF° ³¿ DÜ ê- Ë$\v~ äh/. ;>Ú ®rj ¾ r > ®î . 6 ¾r~ ¾Ò ê³"º Ò V¦~ ªº ç ®& ©b C&r . *ö ö 'ê R'~&b¾ ^ öBº V¦~ ï" Gò B~& . R' f r" ? . V¦ ï 100 Kvp, 2 mA, 30 sec. FUJI IX-100 (Photo 10) G 100 Kvp, 2 mA, 30 sec. FUJI IX-100 (Photo 11). 2. *ãÒ *ãÒöBº " ÒÒË~~ ¦çf º*, ÏÒ~ Ï ç, ÒÒË~~ , * ¾Ò~ ÚÏ" º* j ^&~² &V~& . " ¾Ò ¢ * Ò* ÒB >îb¾ Û¢¢ .® ~ B·O» ¢¦ BÒ>Vê ~& . 3. ;& GÒ4) ÒÒË~~ Gêº *~ ¶òö J ®b¾5) ;&~æ pj * ç¢ ;{~² *~º Gê&. 5. jº~& (Fig. 1). ^öBº æ &ê ;êò ²Ò .. IV. ¾ÒÚÏ 1. ¾ÒO &. Î ¾Òº ö¾~ ç >òÚ > ®º & ' ¾Ò¢ öb . ¾. X-F R' Ö" V¦¢ ª~º *' ¾ Òº ç ®&~æ V¦~ ãÖ &Ë îÚ ¦~ Bj ÛB~º FöB ¾Ò¢ .. . V ¾Ò ¦ªf ç¢ 6~ jº ¦ ªòj Ò¾Ò . ¢. Ö¶¦ª~ öf ö;j { ~² r > ®º ¦ªb ; . î. ^¿ 5 B öB bÒÁz' ¾Ò& j º r Fb~ ¶çj ²z~º £®j F~, Z Ò ¾Ò¢ ~æ pº . 2. ^¿ ËV*ö * bæ& ç¦¢ j~ ^¦'b ç® ô ®îb, Óÿ~ ¦ ºb ¦ª'b ²Ò ®î . ÂB¦ª" V ¦¢ ªÒ ê ör" /j ÒÏ~ &Ë Î ¦ªj }~²

(6) jÚ "î . ÂB¦ª~ ãÖ öº örj Ê £~² òJ"B ¹" /j Ïêö ² ÒÏ~& . /j ÒÏ~º ãÖ ^&~² ÒÏ~V ÚJÚ 6 ®îb, ¦ªöº Gnb ¾ {>æ pº Â~ ºb ¾ ¦O~î "~& ºB . ^¿j ê ¶ ¢ ~& . 3. ¦b B. Ú*ã(LEICA M651)j ÒÏ~ VNj 10, 16, 20V ; &B ·ë~& . Fb~ ç& *> 'b ·^~, ~ Fb~ *Ú' ª*V ö æËj .¾~æ pj zÊ¢ Ï bÒ' · ëb &Ë ¦ªò Ê#² ê¯~& .. Fig. 1. A drawing of Sarira reliquary with the relic cup and the bottle inside.. 4. n;z ¾Ò &. ÂB¦ ÊÞÒj(Benzotriazole(B.T.A.) in Ethyl Alcohol) 3% 7¢* ', ' ê êj ~ CuB.T.A.~ n; bïj ;W~ "î . ïf .³. ²ê(* S & Ò" &ö)& G 5 Þ. ·ëj ~& . oñ, ÕßF° ¿Ö, æ 29,30³7, 1966. 12.. 4) 5).

(7) 6. ;b&" B 3 ÷ (2001). Ú~ ÖzÒ(Copper Oxide)ö NÖ¾ FÖ b 7ïj ;W~ "º, ®WB 'bê n;~ ~¦~ Òö ^ã j & .6) ' 7¢ ê ¶¢ ~&b, ê ö Îj®º Wï~ B.T.A.âf ör

(8) jÚ " î . ¾. V¦ V¦º ÏÒ ' ®&Ë~ 3% ÊÞ Òj(B.T.A. in Ethyl Alcohol)j ¹b ê~& . ê & &Ë ¦ªf Îv ~&b, êê ¶ ¢ ê ÿ¢ ;b 1² z ê~ "î .. 1 & .~ çö ® ¾^æ 2 ê " ¦b s ®º *þ >& . ®ö ¾^æ 1 ö &B 7O" ;z¾Ò¢ ~&. . ÖF 2¢(Paraloid) B-72 50%¢ Ï~ 7 Oj ~, Ú Òö 2¢(Paraloid) B-72 50%¢ ·ö B¢ 7O b Ýj ;z~&. (Photo 13). ¾^æ 2 ê Ýj ÿ¢ O»b ;z ", ¦b s Â ¦ªf î:" ^z N¢ b~ zÞÚ " j ïÊ~& .. 6. 6 ;z 5 ö V ç¦~ 6 6 7 3 ~ çº &® £~. 7. Â* 5 .ÿB öv;~ ö Â*¦ªf jv' æ; ~&b ' ¦Ò ~ z âf jv' ~& . . ß® Â* 7 1Bº ;á 4B7 3B& ªÒ>Ú ®Ú 2¢ (Paraloid) B-72 50%¢ Ï~ ~² ;~& . ö¦& £ 10 mm;ê Ö¶B Â*f BÿÒî~ / j *Ò Îj®º Â*" FÒ Î·b &~ ö *Vê.j ~ ;f î6j FÒ~ ² ~& . 7f ²ï~ ö 7OB(Araldite Rapid Type)¢ ÒÏ~& (Photo 14). V¦ö ÒÏB .ÿB áf V'b öv;~ ;& . Vf ;& jÝ ÿB~ áj dj * Vê.j ~& . .ÿB á Ö¶B 8j ö® ~ áb &Ú~& . .ÿ6 7b ßöê f ~¦~ .ÿ6ö s ìÚ á^Ò òj ç¦ .ÿ6 ~ ásö 2¢(Paraloid) B-72 50%¢ ÒÏ~ ;~& (Photo 15).. Photo 12. After treatment: Sarira reliquary (Top-parts).. Photo 13. After treatment: Sarira reliquary (Bottom-parts).. 5. ;z¾Ò ;z¾Òº 2¢(Paraloid) B-72 5%(in Xylene) ¢ Ï~& . ·^ ê.ç ³ê~ >æ º ÒÒË~~ j " 7j Ú² ~æ jv ' cf ³ê Ö;~& . ÂB~ ãÖº 'ê ê j ~ ¶¢ ~& (Photo 12). ÿ¢ ;b 2² >~& . ÂB~ ·ë. ê '£ æçæ p¾ æçª zz>Ú . 2(Xylene)j £* B¢"Ú ö® æçê ~&. . V¦º ¹b ê~& . ¢~² ê > ®ê K~&b 2²ö ö ê~ "î. (Photo 13).. "n, ×Ëð ~(j SØ1980, v~Ã ê.B ö®~ ãÖ ê.B ï ¶Ê# V~ á"ê ê &Ë~ êê~ ïÊf ~æ p~ .. 6) 7).

(9) ßF° ³¿ DÜ ê- Ë$\v~ äh/. 7. Photo 15. A view showing a restored bottom part with gilded bronze nails.. Photo 14. A view showing a restored part with gilded bronze rail around the lotus.. 8. ¾Òê ç(Photo 16) z Ò~ Â* " ÂB~ Ëb f Îv ~² ;>î, 6f ;>îbV¦~ .ÿ6Òº B¶Ò¢ d² >î . ÇâÒ *÷ ÂÆ .ÿ B ÒÒË~ö & ¾Òº * jv' n* *¢ &Ë~² ~ ®b¾, ¾ÒËK~ ê ºê æ³' &Òf jj º~ ® . V¦ .ÿ6~ Ú" &¦ª~ .ÿB á f ¦ ö & *® ®n* ç V Ú¦~ ÏÒê j* &kj dæ á~& . Ëê *f &ç & j vÚ¢ ¦ª .. V.. rö. ç" ? ÇâÒ J[*÷ ÂÆ~ .ÿB ÒÒË ~~ ¾Òf ö";ö & *® VF~& . Fbf ÂÆ ;çb jv' ·^ çª öê ®~ ÷³öB JÂ ^úö ö >Ú N &ê ^¦'bº ç® *£^ ®î . ÏÒ~ ¦êf .³~ ¦b ¶çb Â* ¦ª 'b ®n; ¦ª ôj *¢ *. V& &® ÚJ . F Fbö & 7" ¾ Ú. Photo 16. After treatment: A general view of Sarira reliquary.. Ò 6 £æ p~b, FÒ'b Ö 7º * ~ö ®º ÒÒËê ªöê ®~ ö & ¶òê ôæ p~ . ® ¾Ò¢ êV n ;'b *& &Ë~² >îb, Fbö & ¶òê B > ®² >î .. ^^ò 1. jôÜ,Õ_ö fûB Ë$»8[ÖQ!è1. -L Âú6¼, (1960) ¿Öæ29,30³7, (1966) 2. oñ, ÕßF° 3. îo-L6¼, ×WË$3 -RC]À²Ø (2001) 4. -LÂú6¼,×WË$WbØ (1991) 5. -L~n©¯,×ã"¾öÒJ[C÷ÒÒËêØ (1998) 6. -L~n©¯,×6fÒæ ÿ â[C÷ ÒÒËêØ (2000) 7. "n, ×Ëð ~(j SØv~ÃØ (1980).

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