»| ¡) ç
@
/½ ¨@ / < Æ § Ó ü t o §¹ ¢ ¤ < Æõ , â í ß 713-714
») ç Z 9 · » T Ö h · ~ ç ¡r )ò 6 B
â
· ¡ ¤ @ / < Æ § Ó ü t o < Æõ , @ /½ ¨ 702-701 (2003¸ 5 Z 4 7{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §)
Ö
¸$ í ] j Ð Eu
2+ü < · ú o F K5 Å q s : r(Li
+, Na
+, K
+, Cs
+)` ¦ < Êa ¸Ä ºi ç ô Ç BaFBr : Eu
2+, AM (AM = Li
+, Na
+, K
+, Cs
+) + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ ] j ¸ % i . Õ ªo ¦ · ú o F K5 Å q s : r_ 7 á x À Óü < 0 l x ¸ F g F
Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ü < µ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 \ p u H % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ ¸ % i . BaFBr : Eu
2+\ Na
+, K
+< Ê É r Cs
+s
: r` ¦ ¸Ä ºi ç F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ 7 £ x % i ¦, ì ø Í \ Li
+s : r É r F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ ¦ y èr ( .
Ö
¸$ í ] j_ ^ & h 0 l x ¸ H EuF
30.5 mol %, NaF 4.0 mol %, KF 1.5 mol % x 9 CsF 7.0 mol %s % 3 .
BaFBr : Eu
2+, Li
+, BaFBr : Eu
2+, Na
+, BaFBr : Eu
2+, K
+x 9 BaFBr : Eu
2+, Cs
++ þ AF g ^ _ F g
F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H y y BaFBr : Eu
2+_ 0.5, 1.7, 1.8 x 9 2.3C s % 3 . BaFBr : Eu
2+, AM õ BaFBr : Eu
2+_ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g_ µ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 # 3 0 A H 360 ∼ 430 nms % 3 ¦, x s ß ¼ © É r 390 nm s % 3 . Õ ª o
¦ s + þ AF g ^ [ þ t_ F gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 É r F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 õ 1 l x{ 9 % i . s + þ AF g ^ [ þ t \ " f F g F
Gµ 1 ÏF g É r + þ AF g ^ ? /\ e H Eu
2+_ 4f
65d → 4f
7;s \ l ) a כ Ü ¼ Ð Ò q ty ) a . + þ AF g ^ [ þ t_ | ¾ Ó_
> r$ í É r 0.5 mGy ∼ 10 Gy s _ % ò % i \ " f + þ A$ í ` ¦ ? /% 3 . + þ AF g ^ [ þ t_ fading: £ ¤$ í É r · ú o F
K5 Å q s : r_ ¸Ä ºi ç \ _ K y è H â ¾ Ó` ¦ ? /% 3 .
PACS numbers: 78
Keywords: F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g, F gµ 1 ÏF g, Ö ¸$ í ] j, | ¾ Ó_ > r$ í , fading: £ ¤$ í
I. " e  ] Ø
F
g F Gµ 1 ÏF g + þ AF g ^ BaFBr : Eu 2+ Ð ] j ô Ç % ò © ó ø Í (imaging plate)` ¦ s 6 xô Ç ( É Ó' A n ¸Õ ª x (computed radiography) © 6 x o ) a [1] s Ê ê % ò © ó ø Í É r _
< Æ, Ò q t" î õ < Æ, ¦ ¦ < Æ, F gÓ ü t < Æ, × æ$ í x 9 F G p ~ ½ Ó
8 £ ¤& ñ , ~ ½ Ó % ò © ì r , í ß \ O ì r 1 p x # Q ì r [2–6]\ s
6 x ÷ & ¦ e . ¢ ¸ô Ç # Q t 7 á x À Ó_ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g + þ AF g
^
_ > hµ 1 Ïõ µ 1 ÏF g l ½ ¨\ @ /ô Ç ½ ¨ ' ÷ & ¦ e . & ³ F
ü @² D G \ " f H KBr : In [7], KCl : Eu [8], RbBr : Tl [9], RbI : Tl [10] x 9 NaCl : Cu [11] 1 p x õ ° ú É r ½ + É s × ¼> + þ A
∗
E-mail: [email protected]
F
g ^ , SrS : Eu,Sm, Ca x Sr 1 −x S : Eu, CaS : Eu,Sm, CaS : Ce,Sm 1 p x_ II-VI7 á ¤ o½ + ËÓ ü t + þ AF g ^ [12–16] x 9 Y 2 SiO 5 : Ce 3+ [17] ü < ° ú É r í ß oÓ ü t + þ AF g ^ 1 p x s ½ ¨÷ & ¦ e .
¢
¸ô Ç & ³F © Ä ºÃ ºô Ç : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ t BaFBr : Eu 2+
+ þ
AF g ^ [18]_ : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ > h l 0 Aô Ç ½ ¨ ¸ ' ÷ &% 3
. \ V Ð" f S. Schweizer1 p x [19] É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^
\
¦ © s | & h ü @ Ü ¼ Ð # l r v l 0 A # BaFBr : Eu 2+ \ Ca 2+ < Ê É r Sr 2+ s : r` ¦ ' % i ¦, S. K. Ruan 1
p x [20] É r BaFBr 1 −x I x : Eu 2+ ,Ce 3+ + þ AF g ^ _ ] j ¸, ½ ¨
¸ x 9 : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ¸ % i Ü ¼ 9, W. Zhao1 p x [21] É r BaFCl : Pr 3+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ¸ % i . Õ ª ü @\ BaFCl 0.8 Br 0.2 : Sm 2+ , Sm 3+ [22], BaF(Cl,Br) : Sm 2+
[23], BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Eu 3+ [24] + þ AF g ^ 1 p x s µ 1 ϳ ð÷ &% 3 .
-192-
Õ
ªa Ë > 1. BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + , K + , Cs + ) + þ
AF g ^ _ ] j ¸õ & ñ .
: r ½ ¨\ " f H BaFBr : Eu 2+ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y ¸\ ¦
¾ Ó © r v l 0 A # BaFBr\ Eu 2+ s : r õ · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s
: r(Li + , Na + , K + , Cs + )` ¦ Ö ¸$ í ] j Ð < Êa ¸Ä ºi ç % i
. Õ ªo ¦ BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , K + , Na + , Cs + )+ þ AF g ^ _ þ j& h ] j ¸ ¸| ` ¦ S X w n ¦, · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s
: r_ 7 á x À Óü < 0 l x ¸\ É r F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g õ F gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à
Ô! 3 , µ 1 ÏF gy © ¸, | ¾ Ó_ > r$ í x 9 fading: £ ¤$ í ` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ % i
.
II. ÷ m Ç ] M ö
1. BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + , K + , Cs + )] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý < g º
Õ
ªa Ë > 1 É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , K + , Na + , Cs + ) + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ ] j ¸ l 0 Aô Ç â ì2 £ § ¸s . s : r § ¨ 8 Ã º
\
BaF 2 ü < BaBr 2 ·2H 2 O\ ¦ mole q 1 : 1 Ð D ¥½ + Ë ¦, Ö ¸
$ í
] j Ð EuF 3 ü < · ú º ú o F K5 Å q LiF, KF, NaF x 9 CsF\ ¦ '
% i . Õ ªo ¦ NH 4 Br\ ¦ flux Ð ' % i . s D ¥½ + Ë Ó
ü
t[ þ t` ¦ 80 ∼ 90 ◦ C_ : r{ ( : r{ )5 Å q \ " f Õ ªW 1h Ë : Û ¼ 9
Q(magnetic stirrer) Ð 2r ç ß & ñ ¸ _ þ vd D ¥½ + Ë ô Ç Ê ê 80
◦ C \ " f ¢ - a y | ¸ % i . | ¸ô Ç ¦^ © I _ D ¥½ + ËÓ ü t
É r 930 ◦ C_ Ã º èì r0 Al \ " f è ô Ç Ê ê / å LÏ % i . è
ô Ç + þ AF g ^ H Ã º& ñ mortar Ð ì r W # { 9 ß ¼l 45
∼ 75 µm ì r´ ú ë ß Z > # r « Ñ Ð 6 x % i .
è É r ì r´ ú D ¥½ + ËÓ ü t` ¦ & ñ or ( õ 1 l x r \ Ö ¸$ í ] j\ ¦
¸^ × æ Ü ¼ Ð g Ë >È Òr ( Ü ¼ Ð+ µ 1 ÏF g× æd Ü ¼ Ð" f 9 כ ¹ô Ç
& h , l < Æ& h © I \ ¦ Â Ò# H % i ½ + É` ¦ ô Ç . ¢ ¸ô Ç " é ¶ Õ
ªa Ë > 2. F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g 8 £ ¤& ñ r Û ¼% 7 .
«
Ñ\ > r F H ;& h < Ê` ¦ èY > r v 9, 1 l x r \ F
×
æd õ ° ú É r µ 1 ÏF g \ ' a # H Ê ê ;& h < Ê` ¦ Ò q t$ í ô Ç .
¢
¸ô Ç è ì r0 Al H + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ × æ כ ¹ô Ç
% ò
¾ Ó` ¦ p 2 ; . { 9 ì ø Í& h Ü ¼ Ð @ /l × æ(í ß o& h ì r0 Al )\ " f
è % i ` ¦ M : H p+ þ A, Ã º è ì r0 Al ( ¨ 8 " é ¶& h ì r0 Al )\ " f
è % i ` ¦ M : H n+ þ A ì ø Í ¸^ ¢ ¸ H Õ ª כ õ Ä » ô Ç : £ ¤$ í
`
¦ t > ) a . BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ â Ä º Eus : r É r Ã
º èì r0 Al \ " f Eu 2+ + þ AÜ ¼ Ð ¸Ä ºi ç ÷ &t ë ß , @ /l × æ \
"
f H Eu 2+ ÷ rë ß m Eu 3+ Ð ¸ ¸Ä ºi ç ÷ &Ù ¼ Ð : r z ´ +
« >\ " f H Ã º èì r0 Al \ " f è % i .
2. ¤ X N Ë
Õ
ªa Ë > 2 H ] j ¸ô Ç + þ AF g ^ [ þ t_ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ 8 £ ¤
&
ñ l 0 Aô Ç > h| Ä Ì ¸s . 1 # l F g É r Nd-YAG Y Us
$
(spectron Laser Sys, SL 800, 3rd harmonics 355 nm, 5 mW)\ ¦, 2 # l F g É r He-Ne Y Us $ (633 nm, 35 mW)\ ¦
6 x % i . Õ ªa Ë > 2\ " f Ð H ü < ° ú s He-Ne Y Us $ \ ¦
í( 1\ _ K 450 Hz Ð ¸r v ¦, lock-in amp H í (
1\ 1 p x l r ( Ü ¼Ù ¼ Ð, lock-in amp\ " f H He-Ne Y Us
$
\ 1 l x l ÷ &# Q { 9 # Q H µ 1 ÏF g(F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g)ë ß ` ¦ 7 £ x; ¤ô Ç
. ô Ǽ # Nd-YAG Y Us $ H 10 Hz_ í( 2\ 1 l x l r (
. s M : í( 2ü < Nd-YAG Y Us $ _ µ 1 Ï 1 l x l 0 A © s
"
f Ð 180 ◦ ÷ & ¸2 ¤ # Nd-YAG Y Us $ y n Cõ Nd-YAG Y
Us $ \ _ K + þ AF g ^ \ " f ¸ H y n C(photoluminescence : PL) É r í( 2_ ± ú > h\ 94 R" f ì rF g l (SPEX, ARC, 22.5 cm) \ { 9 ÷ &t · ú § ¸2 ¤ % i . ì rF g l \ " f ì rF g ) a F
g F Gµ 1 ÏF g ñ H F g 7 £ x C ' a(Hamamatsu, R928) \
"
f l & h ñ Ð ¨ 8 r Ê ê À Ó7 £ x; ¤ l (Keithley, 427) \ " f 7 £ x; ¤ % i . Õ ªo ¦ lock-in amp_ Ø ¦§ 4 ñ H (
É Ó' \ $ © % i .
Õ
ªa Ë > 3. Li + s : r 0 l x ¸\ É r © @ /& h F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸.
X- \ @ /ô Ç | ¾ Ó_ > r$ í É r X- µ 1 ÏÒ q t © u (Varian, Xi- matron C series X-ray unit) ü < 6 MV X- µ 1 ÏÒ q t6 x + þ A
5 Å q l (Siemens Co., MD67)\ ¦ 6 x % i Ü ¼ 9, FS(field size) ü < SSD(source to surface distance) H y y 10 × 10 cm 2 ü < 100 cm Ð % i .
III. ÷ m Ç] M ö+ s ÇÊ Ý õ m Í w ² o
1. ° o P £ ? Ò × T Æ X Ø Ò Þy ¢ ì Å× D; c 6 X ¢ V ê s6 X ì Ä ° Ë Ñ
£ ;® o° Ë Ñ P ê sy ¢
· ú
¡_ z ´+ « >\ " f BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y ©
¸ H Eu 2+ s : r_ 0 l x ¸ 0.5 mol %{ 9 M : þ j@ /s % 3 Ü ¼Ù ¼
Ð [25], : r z ´+ « >\ " f H Eu 2+ s : r_ 0 l x ¸\ ¦ 0.5 mol % Ð
¦& ñ ¦ LiF H 2 ∼ 12 mol %, KF H 1 ∼ 5 mol %, NaF
H 1∼9 mol % Õ ªo ¦ CsF H 1 ∼ 9 mol % t or (
.
Õ
ªa Ë > 4. K + s : r 0 l x ¸\ É r © @ /& h F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸.
Õ
ªa Ë > 5. Na + s : r 0 l x ¸\ É r © @ /& h F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸.
Õ
ªa Ë > 3 É r Li + 0 l x ¸ o\ @ /ô Ç BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Li + + þ
AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ ¦ · p . ] j ¸ô Ç + þ AF g ^ _
F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸_ © @ /& h ß ¼l H · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s : r
`
¦ ' t · ú § É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ l ï r Ü ¼ Ð
#
½ © o % i . Õ ªa Ë > 3\ " f Ð H ü < ° ú s BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Li + + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H Li + s : r` ¦ '
t · ú § É r â Ä º_ 50 % & ñ ¸% i Ü ¼ 9, Li + s : r 0 l x ¸ _
7 £ x \ ; ;y y è H â ¾ Ó` ¦ ? /% 3 . s
כ
É r Ba 2+ s : r( s : rì ø Í â 1.35 ˚ A) õ u ¨ 8 ÷ & H Li + s : r _
ì ø Í â (0.60 ˚ A) s Ba 2+ s : rì ø Í â \ q K B Ä º l M : ë
H \ Li + s : r s ¸ ú ¸Ä ºi ç ÷ &t · ú §Ü ¼Ù ¼ Ð K F × æd _
0 l x ¸\ ¦ y èr v , ¢ ¸ H Li + s : r_ ì ø Í â s Ü ¼ Ù
¼ Ð Li + s : r s ç ß " é ¶ Ð [ þ t # QÙ ¼ Ð K F × æd s
Ò q t$ í ÷ &t · ú § H כ 1 p x \ l ) a ¦ Ò q ty ) a .
Õ
ªa Ë > 4 H K + s : r` ¦ ' ô Ç BaFBr : Eu 2+ , K + + þ AF g ^ _
K + s : r0 l x ¸\ É r F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸s . Õ ªa Ë > 4\
"
f Ð H ü < ° ú s F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H K + s : r 0 l x ¸_ 7
£
x \ 7 £ x # K + s : r_ 0 l x ¸ 1.5 mol %{ 9 M
: þ j@ / F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ ¦ ? /% 3 Ü ¼ 9, s Ê ê Ò' H y
è % i . s כ É r Ö ¸$ í ] j\ ¦ þ j& h 0 l x ¸ s © '
Õ
ªa Ë > 6. Cs + s : r 0 l x ¸\ É r © @ /& h F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸.
Õ
ªa Ë > 7. BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + , K + , Cs + ) ü < BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 .
{ 9
ì ø Í& h µ 1 ÏF g & ³ © \ " f H quenching & ³ © \ l
# F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ y è H כ Ü ¼ Ð Ò q ty ) a .
K + s : r 0 l x ¸ 1.5 mol %{ 9 M : BaFBr : Eu 2+ , K + + þ A F
g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ 1.7 C s % 3 .
Õ
ªa Ë > 5 H BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Na + + þ AF g ^ _ Na + s : r 0 l x ¸ _
o\ É r F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸s . Õ ªa Ë > 5\ " f Ð H
ü < ° ú s Na + s : r_ 0 l x ¸ 1 ∼ 8 mol % # 3 0 A ? /\ " f F
g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H BaFBr : Eu 2+ \ q K ì ø Í& h Ü ¼ Ð 7 £ x
% i . Õ ªo ¦ Na + s : r_ 0 l x ¸ 4 mol %{ 9 M : þ j
@
/ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ ¦ ? /% 3 Ü ¼ 9, 4 mol % s © Â Ò'
H y è % i . Na + s : r 0 l x ¸ 4 mol %{ 9 M : BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Na + + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H BaFBr : Eu 2+
+ þ
AF g ^ _ 1.8C s % 3 .
¢
¸ô Ç Õ ªa Ë > 6\ " f Ð H ü < ° ú s z ´+ « > # 3 0 A ? /\ " f BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Cs + + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ Ð ì ø Í& h Ü ¼ Ð 7 £ x
Õ
ªa Ë > 8. BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + Na + , K + , Cs + ) ü <
BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 .
Õ
ªa Ë > 9. BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + , K + , Cs + ) ü < BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ fading : £ ¤$ í .
% i . Õ ªo ¦ BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Cs + + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 Ï F
g y © ¸ H Cs + s : r 0 l x ¸_ 7 £ x \ 7 £ x # Cs + s
: r 0 l x ¸ 7 mol %{ 9 M : BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Cs + + þ AF g ^ _ F
g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ 2.3C s
% 3 .
·
ú o F K5 Å q_ s : r \ É r F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g_ © @ /& h y © ¸
ô Ç כ É r Ba 2+ _ s : rì ø Í â õ Ä » ô Ç ß ¼l \ ¦ Na + , K + x 9 Cs + s : r[ þ t É r Ba 2+ ü < u ¨ 8 s ¸ ú ÷ &Ù ¼ Ð
Ð © ` ¦ 0 AK 6 £ § s : r(F − < Ê É r Br − )/ B N 8¹ ¡ ¤ ´ ú § s
Ò q t$ í ) a . " f · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s : r_ ' \ _ K
\ ¦ í S \ H F× æd s 8¹ ¡ ¤ ´ ú §s Ò q tl Ù ¼ Ð F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y
© ¸ 7 £ x % i ¦ Ò q ty ) a .
2. ° Ë Ñ® o° Ë Ñ õ m Í ° Ë Ñ £ ;® o° Ë Ñ z ð ² â ì È
Õ
ªa Ë > 7 É r Eu 2+ \ ¦ 0.5 mol % Ð ¦& ñ ¦, · ú º ú o F K5 Å q
Õ
ªa Ë > 10. BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + , K + ,
Cs + ) ü < BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ | ¾ Ó_ > r$ í .
F
gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 \ H % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ Å Òt · ú §6 £ §` ¦ _ p ô Ç .
Õ
ªa Ë > 8 É r Eu\ ¦ 0.5 mol % Ð ¦& ñ ¦, · ú o F K5 Å q s
: r Li + , Na + , K + , < Ê É r Cs + \ ¦ y y 2, 4, 1.5 x 9 7 mol % '
ô Ç BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Li + , BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Na + , BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,K + x 9 BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Cs + + þ AF g ^ ü < · ú o F K5 Å q s
: r É r ' t · ú § É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 Ï F
g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 ` ¦ · p . BaFBr : Eu 2+ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g É r 4f 7 4f 6 5d ;s \ l ) a [27]. Õ ªa Ë > 8\ " f Ð H ü < ° ú s
· ú o F K5 Å q s : r` ¦ ' ô Ç ¸ H + þ AF g ^ _ µ 1 ÏF g ©
#
3 0 Aü < x s ß ¼ © É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F G µ
1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 õ 1 l x{ 9 % i Ü ¼ 9, Õ ª ° ú כ É r y y 360 ∼ 430 nm ü < 390 nms % 3 . s כ É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Li + , BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Na + , BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,K + x 9 BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Cs + + þ
AF g ^ _ µ 1 ÏF g s 4f 7 → 4f 6 5d ;s \ l ÷ &% 3 6 £ §` ¦ _ p ô
Ç . Õ ªo ¦ · ú o F K5 Å q s : r[ þ t É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g
^
\ " f F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ ë ß % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ Å Ò 9, µ 1 ÏF g © \
H % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ Å Òt · ú §6 £ §` ¦ _ p ô Ç .
·
ú o F K5 Å q s : r` ¦ ' ô Ç BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM (AM = Na + , K + , Li + , Cs + ) + þ AF g ^ [ þ t_ x s ß ¼ © s 390 nm s Ù ¼ Ð 2 # l F g " é ¶ He-Ne Y Us $ _ © (633 nm) ü < ¸ ú ì r o ) a . " f s + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ s 6 x # ] j ô
Ç % ò © ó ø Í_ % ò © ` ¦ ó ø Í1 l q½ + É M : 2 # l F g_ % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ ] j
½ + É Ã º e Ü ¼Ù ¼ Ð î ß & ñ ) a X- % ò © ` ¦ % 3 ` ¦ Ã º e .
3. Fading ¤V R Ë
Fading É r + þ AF g ^ \ $ © ÷ &# Q e H % ò © & ñ Ð r ç ß s t
z \ èz ´÷ & H & ³ © s .
: r ½ ¨\ " f ] j ¸ô Ç + þ AF g ^ [ þ t_ fading : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ
l 0 A # + þ AF g ^ \ 6 MV X- µ 1 ÏÒ q t6 x + þ A 5 Å q l
(Siemens Co. MD67)\ ¦ 6 x # 2 Gy/min_ | ¾ Ó Ö
¦ Ð 1 Gy ¸ % i .
Õ
ªa Ë > 9 H z ´ : r \ " f BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Na + , K + , Li + , Cs + ) + þ AF g ^ ü < BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ fad- ing : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ · p . Õ ªa Ë > 9\ " f · ú Ã º e H ü < ° ú
4. Ò ÅS ë s 8 ý Ç X ØV R Ë
Õ
ªa Ë > 10 É r 0.5 mGy ∼ 10 Gy t _ | ¾ Ó # 3 0 A ? /\ " f BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + , K + ,Cs + ) ü < BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ | ¾ Ó_ > r$ í ` ¦ · p . Õ ªa Ë > 10\ " f
Ð H ü < ° ú s V , É r | ¾ Ó% ò % i \ " f B Ä º a % ~ É r f $ í ` ¦
? /% 3 .
V ,
É r | ¾ Ó % ò % i ? /\ " f F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸_ + þ A$ í É r
#
Q t x ^ [ þ t_ f ¨ Ã º : £ ¤$ í _ É r s \ ¦ [ jx 9 y y
t ½ + É Ã º e > H 1 l x r \ 1 l x& h % ò © % o r Û ¼% 7 ]
j ` ¦ 0 p x > ô Ç . ¢ ¸ô Ç # Q* ô Ç X- % ò © ¸|
\
" f ¸ î ß & ñ ) a n t _ O % ò © ` ¦ % 3 ` ¦ Ã º e > ô Ç . Õ ªo
¦ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ ¦ n t _ O o ½ + É Ã º e Ü ¼Ù ¼ Ð + þ A& h
| ¾ Ó _ > r$ í ` ¦ ° ú H F g F G µ 1 ÏF g + þ AF g ^ H | ¾ Ó> Ð
6 x½ + É Ã º e .
IV. + s Ç Â ] Ø
BaFBr : Eu 2+ , AM(AM = Li + , Na + ,K + , Cs + )+ þ AF g ^ _ þ j& h ] j ¸ ¸| ` ¦ S X w n ¦, ] j ¸ô Ç + þ AF g ^ _ F g F G µ
1 ÏF g : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ % i .
Ba 2+ s : rì ø Í â _ ß ¼l ü < q 5 p wô Ç Na + , K + , Cs + s : r
`
¦ ¸Ä ºi ç ô Ç â Ä º F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H ì ø Í& h Ü ¼ Ð 7 £ x
% i . Õ ª Q Ba 2+ s : rì ø Í â _ 1/2& ñ ¸ ÷ & H Li + s : r
`
¦ ¸Ä ºi ç ô Ç â Ä º F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H ì ø Í& h Ü ¼ Ð y è
% i . Ö ¸$ í ] j Na + , K + x 9 Cs + 0 l x ¸\ É r F g F Gµ 1 Ï F
g y © ¸ H y y 4 mol %, 1.5 mol % x 9 7 mol %{ 9 M : þ j
@
/s % 3 ¦, BaFBr : Eu 2+ _ y y 1.8, 1.7 x 9 2.3C s
%
3 . Õ ªo ¦ BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Li + H BaFBr : Eu 2+ _ 0.5 C s % 3 . BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Li + \ " f H Li 0 l x ¸_ 7 £ x
\
y è % i .
· ú
º ú o F K5 Å q s : r` ¦ ' ô Ç + þ AF g ^ ü < · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s : r
`
¦ ' t · ú § É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ + þ AF g ^ _ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g Û
¼& 7 à Ô! 3 õ F gµ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 É r ¸¿ º 1 l x{ 9 % i ¦, µ 1 ÏF g
© # 3 0 A H ¸¿ º 360 ∼ 430 nm% i Ü ¼ 9, x s ß ¼ © É r 390
nm s % 3 . s כ É r BaFBr : Eu 2+ ,Li + , BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Na + , BaFBr : Eu 2+ , K + x 9 BaFBr : Eu 2+ , Cs + + þ AF g ^ _
µ 1 ÏF g s 4f 7 → 4f 6 5d ;s \ l H d` ¦ _ p ô Ç . Õ ªo
¦ · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s : r_ 7 á x À Ó\ F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g ñ
ß
¼ F gµ 1 ÏF g ñ ¸ ( . Õ ªo ¦ · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s : r[ þ t É r F
g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸\ H % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ p u t ë ß µ 1 ÏF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 \
H % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ Å Òt · ú § ¤ .
| ¾ Ó_ > r$ í É r 0.5 mGy ∼ 10 Gy t _ ¸ # 3 0 A\ " f a
% ~ É r + þ A$ í ` ¦ ? /% 3 . · ú º ú o F K5 Å q s : r[ þ t É r fad- ing: £ ¤$ í ` ¦ $ r v H â ¾ Ó` ¦ ? /% 3 . Na + s : r` ¦
¸Ä ºi ç ô Ç â Ä º F g F Gµ 1 ÏF g y © ¸ H 30ì r Ê ê íl u _ 60 % s % 3 . Õ ªo ¦ Cs + s : r` ¦ ' ô Ç â Ä º\ H 30ì r Ê
ê íl u _ 38 % s % 3 .
P c
p 8 ý ò k >
: r ½ ¨ H 2001¸ ¸ Â Ò â @ / < Æ § µ 1 Ï l F K ½ ¨q _ t
"
é
¶ \ _ ô Ç כ e .
Y c
p w à U Ø ô
[1] M. Sonoda, M. Takano, J. Miyahara and H. Kato, Raiology 148, 833 (1983).
[2] L. Weissman, M. Hass and V. Popov, Nucl. Instr.
and Meth. A400, 409 (1997).
[3] T. Suzuki, C. Mori, H. Miyahara, A. Uritani, M.
Yoshida and F. Takahashi, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 49, 1127 (1998).
[4] A. Yamadera, E. Kim, T. Miyata and T. Nakamura, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 46, 467 (1995).
[5] C. Mori, S. Koido, T. Suzuki, J. Miyahara and K.
Takahashi, Radioisotopes, 44, 433 (1995).
[6] B. Nensel, P. Thielemann and G. Decker, J. Appl.
Phys. 83(4), 2276 (1998).
[7] H. Nanto, M. Miyazaki, A. Imai, H. Komori, Y.
Douguchi, E. Kusano and A. Kinabara, IEEE Trans.
Necl. Sci. 47, 1620(2000).
[8] H. Nanto, K. Murayama, T. Usuda, S. Tanigdchi and N. Takeuchi, Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 47, 281 (1993).
[9] H. Von Seggern, A. Meijerink, J. Voigt. and A. Win- nacker, J. Appl. Phys. 66, 4418 (1989).
[10] U. Rogulis, C. Dietze, Th. Pawlik, Th. Hangleiter and J. M. Spaeth, J. App. Phys. 80, 2430 (1996).
[11] L. D. Merkle and P. K. Bandyopadhyay, Phys. Rev.
B39, 6939 (1989).
[12] W. Kong, S. Ahmed, J. Ferguson and R. Solanki, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 7 (1995).
[13] V. Tabakova, J. Lumin. 68, 265 (1996).
[14] S. P. Keller, J. E. Mapes and G. Cheroff, Phys. Rev.
108, 663 (1953).
[15] Y. Douguchi, T. Sato, M. Miyazaki, A. Imai, E. Ku- sano, A. Kinbara, S. Nasu and H. Nanto, Proceed- ings of SPIE Advanced Sensors and Monitors for Process Industries and the Environment, 286 (1998).
[16] H. Nanto, H. Komori, K. Araki, Y. Douguchi, E.
Kusano, S. Nasu, and K. Kinbara, Proceedings of SPIE Rare-Earth-Doped Materials and Devices V, 248-257 (2001).
[17] M. J. Knitel, P. Dorenbos, C. M. Combes, J. An- driessen and C. W. E. van Eijk, J. Lumin. 69, 325 (1996).
[18] A. R. Lakshmanan, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a)153, 1 (1996).
[19] S. Schweizer, P. Willems, R. J. R. Leblans, L.
Struye, J. M. Spaeth, J. Appl. Phys. 79, 4157 (1996).
[20] Shen-Kang Ruan, Ming-Wen Wang, Juan Du and Mian-Zeng Su, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 249, 234 (1997).
[21] Wei Zhao, Yanming Mi, Mianzeng Su, Zengfu song and Zongju Xia, J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 2346 (1996).
[22] Wei Chen and Mainzeng Su, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 60, 371 (1999).
[23] H. Song, J. Zhang, S. Lu, L. Sun, S. Huang and J.
Yu, Solid State Communication 99, 759 (1996).
[24] Wei Chen and Mainzeng Su, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 301 (1997).
[25] S. H. Kim, S. H. Nam, J. K. Cheon, W. Kim, H.
D. Kang, D. S. Kim, H. J. Seo and S. H. Doh, Sae Mulli 42, 263 (2001).
[26] Wei Chen and Mianzeng Su, Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 301 (1997).
[27] K. Takahasi, K. Kohda, J. Muyahara, Y. Kane- mitsu, K. Amitani and S. Shionoya, J. Lumin.
31/32, 266-268 (1984).
Moon-Young Oh
Dong-A University Hospital, Busan 602-715
Do-Sung Kim
Division of Science Education, Taegu University, Kyungsan 713-174
Sung-Hwan Kim, Wan Kim and Hee-Dong Kang
Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701 (Received 7 May 2003)
BaFBr : Eu
2+, AM(AM = Li
+, Na
+, K
+, Cs
+) phosphors co-doped with Eu
2+and alkali metal ions (AM = Li
+, Na
+, K
+, Cs
+) as activators were prepared, and the effects of the kind and the concentration of the alkali metal ions on the spectra and the relative intensity of the photostimulated luminescence (PSL) of the prepared phosphors were studied. The PSL intensity was increased by doping with Na
+, K
+, or Cs
+ions in BaFBr : Eu
2+, but the PSL intensity was decreased by doping with Li
+ion. The optimal concentrations of the activators were 0.5 mol % EuF
3, 4.0 mol
% NaF, 1.5 mol % KF, and 7.0 mol % CsF. The PSL intensities of BaFBr : Eu
2+,Li
+, BaFBr : Eu
2+,Na
+, BaFBr : Eu
2+, K
+and BaFBr : Eu
2+, Cs
+phosphors was about 0.5, 1.7, 1.8 and 2.3 times stronger than that of the BaFBr : Eu
2+phosphors, respectively. The emission spectra of the PSL of BaFBr:Eu
2+, AM and BaFBr:Eu
2+were located in the range of 360 ∼ 430 nm, peaking at 390 nm, and the emission spectra of the photoluminescence (PL) of those samples were identical to that of PSL. The PSL in these samples is believed to be due to the 4f
65d → 4f
7transition of Eu
2+in the phosphors. The dose dependence of the PSL of the phosphors was shown to be linear in the range of 0.5 mGy ∼ 10 Gy. The fading characteristics of the phosphors tended to decline with alkali-metal-ions doping.
PACS numbers: 78
Keywords: Phosphor, Activator, Photostimulated luminescence(PSL), Emission spectra, Dose dependence, Fading characteristics
∗
