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NEWS & INFORMATION FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Vol. 32, No. 5, 2014…641 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering,

Vol.31, No.9, 1651-1655, 2014

Low-cost metal oxide activated carbon prepared and modified by microwave heating method for hydrogen storage

Moradi SE

Abstract - Novel microporous activated carbon (MAC) with high surface area and pore volume has been synthesized by microwave heating. Iron oxide nanoparticles were loaded into MAC by using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O followed by microwave irradiation for up to five minutes. The surface modified microporous activated carbon was characterized by BET, XRD, SEM and thermogravimetric examinations. Adsorption data of H2 on the unmodified and modified MACs were collected with PCT method for a pressure range up to 120 bar at 303 K. Greater hydrogen adsorption was observed on the carbon adsorbents doped with 1.45 wt% of iron oxide nanoparticle loaded due to the joint properties of hydrogen adsorption on the carbon surface and the spill-over of hydrogen molecules into carbon structures.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.9, 1656-1660, 2014

Experimental determination and prediction of phase behavior for 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium nonafluorobutyl sulfonate and carbon dioxide

Hong SK, Park YK, Pore DM

Abstract - The vapor-liquid equilibrium of the binary system CO2+1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nonafluorobutyl sulfonate ([BMIM][NfO]) was measured over a temperature range of 298.2-323.2 K at intervals of 5.0 K for CO2mole fraction ranging from 0.137 to 0.900 using a high-pressure variable-volume view cell. The Peng-Robinson equation of state was then applied with two-parameter mixing rules over the same range and the results compared with the experimentally obtained data. Increasing the alkyl chain length in perfluorinated sulfonate from methyl to butyl markedly increased the CO2 solubility. To investigate the effect of the number of fluorine atoms in the anion on the phase behavior of imidazolium based ionic liquid, these experimental results were then compared with those reported in previous experimental studies of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations and with modeling data. It looks likely that both the number of fluorine atoms in the anion and the presence of S=O groups play an important role in designing CO2-philic molecules.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.9, 1668-1673, 2014

High-temperature CO

2

sorption on Na

2

CO

3

-impregnated layered double hydroxides

Min YJ, Hong SM, Kim SH, Lee KB, Jeon SG

Abstract - Layered double hydroxide (LDH), one of representative high-temperature CO2sorbents, has many advantages, including stable CO2sorption, fast sorption kinetics, and low regeneration temperature. However, CO2sorption uptake on LDH is not high enough for practical use; thus it is usually enhanced by impregnation with alkali metals such as K2CO3. In this study, LDH was impregnated with Na2CO3, and analyses based on scanning electron microscopy, N2gas physisorption, in situ X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were carried out to elucidate the characteristics of sorbents and the mechanism of CO2sorption. Although the surface area of LDH decreased after Na2CO3

impregnation, CO2sorption uptake was greatly enhanced by the additional basicity of Na2CO3. The crystal structure of Na2CO3in the Na2CO3-impregnated LDH changed from monoclinic to hexagonal with increasing temperature, and the sorbed-CO2was stored in the form of carbonate. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to measure CO2sorption uptake at 200-600 ℃. The sample of Na2CO3: LDH=0.35 : 1 weight ratio had the largest CO2sorption uptake among the tested sorbents, and the CO2sorption uptake tended to increase even after 400 ℃.

Editor’s Choice

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642…NICE, 제32권 제5호, 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.10, 1707-1719, 2014

Periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) for catalytic applications

Park SS, Moorthy MS, Ha CS

Abstract - Surfactant-templated binuclear alkoxysilane precursors or cyclic silsesquioxane precursors have led to a new class of nanocomposites with bridging organic groups (R) inside the channel walls, known as periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO). These PMO materials facilitate chemistry of the channels and provide new opportunities for controlling the chemical, physical, mechanical, and dielectric properties of the materials. This review provides an overview of recent papers on the synthesis of PMOs and their applications as catalysts published after the year 2000.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.10, 1786-1791, 2014

Catalytic conversion of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over chromium trichloride in ionic liquid

Wang S, Du Y, Zhang W, Cheng X, Wang J

Abstract - An efficient method for converting cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) using an inexpensive ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) and relatively low-toxicity catalyst of chromium (III) trichloride (CrCl3· 6H2O) was developed. The effects of hydrochloric acid loading, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and time on the yield of 5-HMF were surveyed to achieve optimal reaction conditions. A 5-HMF yield of 43.7% was obtained within 90 min at 140 ℃using oil-bath heating. Glucose and starch were also investigated as feedstock to produce 5- HMF in TBAC/CrCl3· 6H2O system, in which the 5-HMF yield was considerable. After 5-HMF was extracted, TBAC/CrCl3·6H2O could be used for several runs.

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.10, 1792-1797, 2014

Hydrogen storage in proton-conductive perovskite-type oxides and their application

Ibrahim SM

Abstract - Various mixed oxides having perovskite structure were prepared by co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. The samples were calcined at 700 ℃. The produced solids were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), nitrogen adsorption at -196 ℃ and hydrogen adsorption isotherms conducted at 100 ℃. The results revealed the formation of nanosized mixed solids, namely LaNiO3, LaFeO3, LaCoO3, LaCu2O4and LaCrO3compounds with crystallite size within 27-37 nm. The hysteresis loop of nitrogen adsorption isotherms of different investigated adsorbents indicate clearly the porous nature of different solids calcined at 700 ℃. The most active candidate towards hydrogen uptake is LaNiO3prepared via sol-gel technique. Its adsorption capacity measured at 100 ℃ and 20 bar hydrogen pressure attained 1.7 wt%. So, LaNiO3prepared via sol-gel technique could be considered as very promising material for hydrogen storage.

Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.52, No.4, 407-412, 2014

젖당(Lactose)으로부터 락툴로오스(Lactulose) 생산을 위한 연구 동향

Research Trend of Lactulose Production from Lactose

이자자현현, 유유하하영영, 정정다다운운, 박박찬찬호호, 송송윤윤석석, 박박철철환환, 김김승승욱욱

Abstract - 락툴로오스는 식품과 제약분야에서 기능성 성분으로 알려져 있으며, 산업적으로 많이 활용되고 있 어 주목을 받고 있다. 식품분야에서는 정장작용을 위한 비피더스 인자, 제약분야에서는 주로 변비, 간성뇌증, 간질환의 합병증 그리고 혈액 내 포도당(glucose)과 인슐린 수치의 유지 등을 위하여 이용되고 있다. 락툴로오

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NEWS & INFORMATION FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, Vol. 32, No. 5, 2014…643 스 합성은 크게 화학적, 생물학적 방법으로 분류할 수 있으며, 화학적 방법에서는 젖당(lactose)의 알칼리 이성질 체화법에 의하여 합성되지만, 생성물의 분해 및 다양한 부반응에 의한 정제의 난점과 폐기물 관리 등의 문제점 들을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하고자, 효소를 이용한 합성 방법이 최근 연구되고 있다. 베타-갈락 토시다아제(β-galactosidase)는 젖당의 가수분해물 생산이 가능하기에 유제품 산업에서 매우 중요한 효소이며, 과당(fructose)으로 갈락토실(galactosyl) 잔기의 전달반응에 의하여 젖당으로부터 락툴로오스를 합성할 수 있다.

그러나 정제된 젖당은 매우 고가의 물질로써 락툴로오스를 합성하기에는 경제적으로 적합하지 않다. 본 총설 에서는 락툴로오스를 합성하기 위한 화학적, 생물학적 공정에 대한 연구 동향을 간략하게 소개하고, 저가의 기 질을 활용한 경제적인 락툴로오스 생산에 대한 연구 및 전망을 제시하고자 한다.

Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.52, No.4, 413-424, 2014

하수처리장 바이오가스 생산 증대와 슬러지 감량화에 관한 기술분석: 슬러지 전처리 기술

Technology Trend on the Increase of Biogas Production and Sludge Reduction in

Wastewater Treatment Plants: Sludge Pre-treatment Techniques

조일일형형, 고고인인범범, 김김지지태태

Abstract - 에너지원으로 바이오가스에 대한 잠재적 가능성이 인식되면서 최근에 바이오가스의 생산기술을 제

고하고 에너지 효율을 개선하기 위한 기술개발이 지속적으로 진행되고 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 혐기성 소화 과 정에서 바이오가스 생산을 증가시키기 위한 효과적이고 효율적인 슬러지 전처리 방법에 대하여 분석하였다.

이를 위해 본 논문에서는 각각의 전처리 방법의 장점과 단점을 분석하여 바이오가스 생산에 미치는 영향요인 을 비교·분석하였다.

Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.52, No.4, 467-474, 2014

잠재적 폭발 위험성을 고려한 단단 혼합냉매

LNG 공정의 설계 변수 최적화 Optimization of Single-stage Mixed Refrigerant LNG Process Considering

Inherent Explosion Risks

김익익현현, 단단승승규규, 조조성성현현, 이이기기백백, 윤윤인인섭섭

Abstract - 화학공정의 기초설계는 물질수지와 열수지 계산을 기초로 공정의 경제성을 확보하고 주어진 조건 내에서 원하는 제품을 생산 가능하도록 한다. 이 단계를 통해 공정은 사용될 물질과 반응, 설비의 구조와 운전 조건 등이 결정되기 때문에 이후 바뀔 수 없는 고유한 특성을 갖게 된다. 고유한 특성은 뛰어난 경제성일 수도 있지만 다양한 잠재적 위험요인을 내포하는 것일 수도 있다. 따라서 기초설계를 위한 공정모사와 정량적 위험 성 평가 기법의 통합을 통해 보다 안전하면서도 경제적인 공정을 설계하는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 LNG 액화공정을 Aspen HYSYS를 이용하여 모사하고, 폭발 사고에 대한 정량적 위험성 평가를 수행함으로써 잠재적 위험성을 최소화하면서도 경제성을 고려하도록 설계변수를 결정하였다. 이를 위해 확률적 최적화 방법론을 이 용하여 Aspen HYSYS의 최적화 한계를 극복하였고, Aspen HYSYS와 Matlab의 연동을 통해 정량적 위험성 평가 의 정확성을 높이며 최적화를 용이하게 하였다. 정량적 위험성 평가 결과, 공정 변수 중 안전성 확보를 위해 중 요한 변수는 혼합냉매의 압력이었고, 0.5~10%의 운전비용 증가를 통해 잠재적 위험성을 4~18% 줄일 수 있었 다. 비용을 크게 증가시킬수록 위험성의 절대적 수치는 낮아지지만 비용 대비 위험성 감소의 효과는 떨어졌다.

이처럼 공정모사와 정량적 위험성 평가 기법의 통합은 태생적으로 보다 안전한 공정의 설계가 가능하게 하고, 기초설계 단계에서부터 공정 내 위험요인을 수치적으로 확인할 수 있어 위험요인이 적은 특성을 갖도록 공정 을 설계하는데 도움이 될 것이다.

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