⌴⼼ᖈー᳜ 㾝⩉♈㿜⽘ Ẹ⌀ 䀩⋠㿼 ⪹ᰭ㻼⪥
卆壟毖̐ · 決渆筚*· 愛昷分*· 卆氪洢**
Analysis of Performance of Cross-Flow Fan with Various Rear Guiders
D.-W. Kim, J.-H. Lee, S.-K. Park and Youn J. Kim
Key Words :
Archimedes spiral(㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶), Cross-flow fan(䣷⮮䣊), Fan performance ( 䣊㎇⓻), Rearguider(Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪), Stabilizer(㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎)
Abstract
A cross-flow fan is widely used on many industrial fields: mining industry, automobile and home appliances, etc. The design point of the cross-flow fan is generally based on the region within low static pressure and high flow rate. It relatively makes high dynamic pressure at low speed because a working fluid passes through an impeller blade twice. However, it has low static pressure efficiency between 30% and 40%
because of relative high impact loss. Recently, in the air-conditioning systems, the operating behaviors at the off-design points are highly regarded to broaden the application area for various air-cooling loads. Especially, at the lower flow rate, there exists a rapid pressure head reduction, a noise increase and an irregular flow field against a rearguider as a scroll of centrifugal fan. Numerical analyses are carried out for investigating the flow characteristics in a cross-flow fan including the impeller, the rearguider and the stabilizer. Especially, various types of rearguiders are estimated by numerical and experimental methods to insure the stable operation in the region of lower flow rate. Numerical domains are discretized by hexahedral cells. Three-dimensional, unsteady governing equations are solved using FVM, PISO algorithm, sliding grid system and standard k - H turbulence model. ASHRAE standard fan tester is also used to estimate the performance of the modeled cross- flow fan.
匶笾昪律 b 䙃[mm]
C 㥶☯㦮 ㌗╖㏣☚[m/s]
C
p㞫⩻䣢⽋Ἒ㑮 k ㏦㔺Ἒ㑮
Q 㼊㩗㥶⨟[m
3/min, CMM]
r ἓ[mm]
U 㧚䗶⩂ 㤦㭒㏣☚[m/s]
W 㥶☯㦮 ㌗╖㏣☚[m/s]
Greek Symbols D 㧚䗶⩂ 㥶☯ṗ[degree]
E 㧚䗶⩂ ⋶Ṳṗ[degree]
H Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ Ṛ⁏[mm]
1H 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎 Ṛ⁏[mm]
2O 㓺㤪Ἒ㑮 T ṗ☚[degree]
橊岞熮沖
2 㧚䗶⩂㿲ῂ
3 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ ₆㽞㤦
m ἓ䟻
r Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪
s 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎
T 㩧㍶䟻
̐
㎇‶ὖ╖䞯ᾦ ₆ἚὋ䞯 ╖䞯㤦
E-mail : [email protected]TEL : (031)290-7448 FAX : (031)290-5849
*
㌒㎇㩚㧦 DA 㽳 ₆₆㑶㡆ῂ㏢
**
㎇‶ὖ╖䞯ᾦ ₆ἚὋ䞯
1. 昢 嵦
Ⱔ㦖ٻ ㌆㠛₆₆ٻ 㟒㠦ٻ ㌂㣿♮ἶٻ 㧞⓪ٻ 䣷⮮䣊 ڃھۍۊێێڈہۇۊےٻہڼۉڄ㦖ٻ㧚䗶⩂ٻ㧛ബ㿲ῂṗ㦮ٻῂٻ㠜 㧊ٻ㥶㼊Ṗٻ⋶Ṳڃڽۇڼڿۀڄ⯒ٻ⚦ٻ⻞ٻ䐋ὒ䞮₆ٻ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ
⏨㦖ٻ☯㞫ڃڿ۔ۉڼۈۄھٻۋۍۀێێېۍۀڄ㦚ٻ㠑㦚ٻ㑮ٻ㧞ἶڇٻ㩚 䟻ₙ㦚ٻ㺚㣿䞮₆ٻ➢ⶎ㠦ٻ㤦㭒㏣☚Ṗٻ䋆ٻ䔏㎇㦚ٻṬ ἶٻ㧞┺ډٻ➆⧒㍲ڇٻ☯㧒ٻ䛣⨟㠦㍲ٻ㤦㭒ٻ㏣☚Ṗٻ┺
⯎ٻ䣊⽊┺ٻ㧧㞚☚ٻ♮⸖⪲ٻ㏢䡫ڇٻἶ䛣⨟㦚ٻ㣪ῂ䞮
⓪ٻὋ₆㫆䢪ٻ㍺゚㟒㠦ٻⰤ㧊ٻ㩗㣿♮ἶٻ㧞┺ډٻ䣾 㥾㦖ٻ⋶Ṳ㦮ٻ㍺䂮ṗڃ T ڄ㧊ٻ䋊㑮⪳ٻ⏨㦒⸖⪲ٻ㩚䟻
1ₙ㦚ٻṬ⓪ٻ䣷⮮䣊㦖ٻ⋶Ṳ㦮ٻ㿿☢ٻ㏦㔺㧊ٻ䄺㍲ٻڎڋ ૫ڏڋڀ㦮ٻ⌄㦖ٻ㩫㞫䣾㥾㦚ٻ⽊㧎┺ډٻٻ⁎⩂⋮ٻ㩚䟻ₙ 㧒㑮⪳ٻ 㾲ἶ䣾㥾㩦㠦㍲ٻ㩚㞫ὒٻ 䛣⨟㧊ٻ 䋂⸖⪲ٻ䣾 㥾㧊ٻ ⌄▪⧒☚ٻ ㏢䡫䢪䞮₆ٻ 㥚䟊㍲ٻ㩚䟻ₙ㦚ٻ㌂㣿 䞲┺ډٻ 㤦㕂䣊㠦㍲ٻ 㓺䋂⪺ڃێھۍۊۇۇڄٻ 㡃䞶㦚ٻ 䞮☚⪳ٻ
㍺Ἒ♲ٻ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ڃۍۀڼۍۂېۄڿۀۍڄ㢖ٻ 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎 ڃێۏڼڽۄۇۄەۀۍڄ㦮ٻ 䡫㌗㦖ٻ䣊㦮ٻ ㎇⓻㠦ٻ ⹎䂮⓪ٻ ㌗䢎 㧎ὒٻὖἚṖٻ䄺㍲ٻ㩫㞫ڃێۏڼۏۄھٻۋۍۀێێېۍۀڄڈ䛣⨟ٻἷ
㍶ٻٻ䣾㥾ٻ䔏㎇ٻ⻪㥚⯒ٻ┺㟧䞮Ợٻ㫆㩞䞶ٻ㑮ٻ㧞⓪ٻ 䔏㰫㦚ٻ Ṭ⓪┺ډٻ ⡦䞲ٻ ⁎ٻ 㦧㣿㟒Ṗٻ ὧ⻪㥚䞮㡂ٻ ὧ㌆㣿ٻ ❇㦮ٻ ㌆㠛㣿ٻ 䢮₆䣊ὒٻ 㧦☯㹾㣿ٻ 䢮₆䣊㠦ٻ
㌂㣿♮㠊ٻ㢪ἶڇٻ㾲⁒㠦⓪ٻ㠦㠊䄾ٻ㔺⌊₆㠦㍲☚ٻ㧒
㩗㦒⪲ٻ㧻㹿♮㠊ٻ㌂㣿♮ἶٻ㧞⓪ٻ㔺㩫㧊┺ډٻ 㧒㩗㦒⪲ٻ 䣷⮮䣊㦖ٻ 㧚䗶⩂ڇٻ 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎ڇٻ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪⪲ٻ ῂ㎇♮⓪◆ڇٻ 㠦㠊䄾㠦ٻ 㩗㣿♶ٻ ἓ㤆ٻ 㯳₆☚ٻ䙂䞾䞲┺ٻڃڡۄۂډٻڌٻ㺎㫆ڄډٻ䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ㧧☯
㤦Ⰲ⓪ٻ㤦㕂䗢䝚㢖ٻṯ┺ἶٻ⽒ٻ㑮ٻ㧞⓪◆ڇٻ⌊㥶
☯㦖ٻ 㧚䗶⩂㢖ٻ 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎ٻ ㌂㧊㦮ٻ 㡃⮮㠦ٻ 㦮䟊ٻ 䘎㕂㢖㥶☯ڃۀھھۀۉۏۍۄھٻ ۑۊۍۏۀۓڄ㧊ٻ 䡫㎇♮Ⳇڇٻ 㧚䗶
⩂ٻ⌊㠦㍲☚ٻ䗢䝚ٻٻ䎆ゞٻ㡗㡃㦚ٻṗṗٻṬ⓪┺ډٻ 䔏䧞ڇٻ䘎㕂㢖㦮ٻṫ☚ٻٻ㥚䂮ٻ㩲㠊Ṗٻ䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ㎇
⓻ὒٻ㰗ἆ♲┺ډٻ⁎⩂⋮ٻ㍺Ἒٻ㧊⪶㧊ٻ䢫Ⱃ♮㠊ٻ㧞 㰖ٻⴑ䞮ἶٻ䘎㕂㢖㠦ٻὖ⩾䞮㡂ٻ㌗䢎ٻ㡗䟻㦚ٻ⹎䂮⓪ٻ 䡫㌗⼖㑮Ṗٻⰺ㤆ٻ┺㟧䞮㰖Ⱒٻ㧊㠦ٻ╖䞲ٻ㡆ῂṖٻ⹎
㟓䞲ٻ㔺㩫㧊┺ډٻ
㡆ῂٻ⻫㠦ٻ㧞㠊㍲☚ٻ㧊⪶㩗ٻ㡆ῂ⽊┺⓪ٻ⽋
㩗㧎ٻ㔺䠮ὒٻ㑮䂮䟊㍳㠦ٻ㦮䞲ٻἓ䠮㩗ٻ㡆ῂṖٻ㭒⪲ٻ 㧊⬾㠊㪎ٻ㢪┺ډٻڠھۆ
ڃڌڄ⓪ٻ䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ㩚㩗㧎ٻ㧊⪶
㦚ٻ㔺䠮㦚ٻ䐋䟊ٻ㡆ῂ䞮㡖┺ډٻڣۄۍۊۈې ❇
ڃڍڄ㦖ٻ䣷⮮
䣊ٻ⌊㥶☯㦚ٻۋڼۍۏۄھۇۀٻۏۍڼھۆۄۉۂٻۑۀۇۊھۄۈۀۏۍ۔ٻ ڃګگڱڄ⯒ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡂ٻṖ㔲䢪ٻ㔺䠮㦚ٻ䞮㡂ٻ㏣☚ٻ䙂ٻ
ٻἓ⪲㍶ڃۋڼۏۃٻۇۄۉۀڄ㦚ٻῂ䞮㡖┺ډٻڝۀۍۏ ❇
ڃڎڄ㦖ٻ 䣷⮮䣊㠦ٻ╖䞲 ڍ 㹾㤦ٻڡڠڨٻ゚㩫㌗ٻ㥶☯䟊㍳㦚ٻ㑮䟟 䞮㡖㦒Ⳇٻ㔺䠮ἆὒ㢖ٻ゚ᾦ䞮㡂ٻ䌖╏㎇㦚ٻỖ㯳䞮㡖
┺ډٻگۊۃۍې ❇
ڃ ڏڄٻ㦖ٻڿۄۍۀھۏٻڽۊېۉڿڼۍ۔ٻۀۇۀۈۀۉۏٻ ۈۀۏۃۊڿ 㢖ٻڿۄێھۍۀۏۀٻۑۊۍۏۀۓٻۈۀۏۃۊڿ ⯒ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡂ٻڍ 㹾㤦ٻ゚㩦㎇ٻ゚㞫㿫㎇ٻ㥶☯㠦ٻ╖䞲ٻ䟊㍳㦚ٻ㑮䟟䞮 㡖┺ډٻῃ⌊㠦㍲⓪ٻῂ䡫⳾ٻ❇
ڃڐڄ㧊ٻ㔺䠮㦚ٻ䐋䞲ٻ䣷
⮮䣊ٻ㍺Ἒ㣪㏢ٻ⼖ἓ㠦ٻ➆⯎ٻ㎇⓻䔏㎇㦚ٻἶ㺆䞮㡖 㦒Ⳇڇٻ㰚㕂㤦ٻ❇
ڃڑڄ㦖ٻ䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ㠦㠊䄾ٻ㩗㣿㠦ٻ➆
⯎ٻ䣾㥾ٻٻ㩫㞫ڈ䛣⨟ἷ㍶㦚ٻ㍺Ἒ⼖㑮⯒ٻ⼖ἓ䟊ٻ
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of a cross-flow fan.
ٻ
ṖⳆٻ㔺䠮㦚ٻ㑮䟟䞮㡖┺ډٻₖ㨂㤦ٻ❇
ڃڒڄ㦖ٻ䘟‶㥶㍶
⻫㦚ٻ㧊㣿䞮㡂ٻ䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ㎇⓻ٻ㡞䁷ٻ⻫㦮ٻ䌖╏㎇
㦚ٻ Ỗ㯳䞮㡖┺ډٻ 䠞⋾Ịٻ ❇
ڃړڄ㦖ٻ 䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ 㧚䗶⩂ٻ 㧛ബ㿲ῂṗ㦮ٻ ⼖䢪⯒ٻ 䐋䞲ٻ ㎇⓻ٻ 䔏㎇㦚ٻ 㑮䂮䟊㍳
ὒٻ㔺䠮㦚ٻ䐋䟊ٻ゚ᾦ䞮㡖┺ډٻ㧊⩂䞲ٻ㡆ῂ⯒ٻ䐋䟊ٻ 䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻ㎇⓻㦖ٻ㎎Ṗ㰖ٻῂ㎇㣪㏢ٻ⳾⚦Ṗٻ㍲⪲ٻ㌗
䢎㧧㣿ٻ䞮⓪ٻộ㦒⪲ٻٻ䡖㪢㰖Ⱒڇٻ㔺㩲ٻ㎎Ṗ㰖ٻ㍺
Ἒ⼖㑮㦮ٻ㥶₆㩗ٻὖἚ⓪ٻ㩫Ⱃ♮㰖ٻ㞠㦖ٻ㔺㩫㧊┺ډٻ
⽎ٻ㡆ῂ㠦㍲⓪ٻ䣷⮮䣊㦮ٻⰂ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ٻἷ㍶㦮ٻ㍺
Ἒ㧊⪶㦚ٻ㩫Ⱃ䞮ἶڇٻ㔺䠮ὒٻ㑮䂮䟊㍳㦚ٻ䐋䟊ٻ㍺Ἒٻ 䡫㌗㠦ٻ╖䞲ٻ㎇⓻䘟Ṗ⯒ٻ㑮䟟䞮ἶ㧦ٻ䞲┺ډ
2. 笛旇昪凊愯憛
䣷⮮䣊 ⌊ 㥶☯㦖 ゚㞫㿫㎇㥶☯( M 0 . 3 )㧊
⸖⪲ 㤦㕂䗢䝚㦮 㧧☯㤦Ⰲ㢖 ṯ┺ἶ 䞶 㑮 㧞┺.
䔏䧞, 㧧☯㥶㼊Ṗ 㧚䗶⩂⯒ ⚦ ⻞ 䐋ὒ䞮Ⳋ㍲ 㠦
⍞㰖⯒ Ὃ Ợ ♮Ⳇ, 㧚䗶⩂㦮 䔏㩫 ⻪㥚㠦㍲
Ⱒ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪⪲ 䏶㿲㧊 㧊⬾㠊㰖Ợ ♲┺. 㥶㼊₆ Ἒ㠦㍲ 㧚䗶⩂ ┺㦢㦒⪲ Ṗ㧻 䋆 ㏦㔺㦚 Ṗ㪎㡺⓪ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪㦮 䡫㌗㦖 ⰺ㤆 㭧㣪䞮┺. ⽎ 㡆ῂ㠦㍲
⓪ ₆㫊 㥶㼊₆Ἒ㦮 㓺䋂⪺ 㡃䞶㦚 䞮⓪ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊
▪㦮 ἷ㍶㔲㧧㠦㍲ 䏶㿲ῂ₢㰖 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮
㍶(Archimedes spiral)㦚 㧊㣿䞮㡂 ㍺Ἒ䞮㡖┺. 㞚⯊
䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶㦖 ₆㫊 㥶㼊₆Ἒ㦮 㓺䋂⪺ ㍺Ἒ
⻫㦮 䞮⋮⪲ 㤆㑮䞲 㞫⩻䣢⽋㎇⓻㦚 Ṭ⓪ ộ㦒⪲
㞢⩺㪎 㧞┺. 㩚㑶䞲 㢖 ṯ㧊 㧚䗶⩂㦮 䔏㩫ṗ
☚㠦㍲Ⱒ 䏶㿲㧊 㧊⬾㠊㰖₆ ➢ⶎ㠦 T 㦮 Ṩ㦖
o360
oṖ 㞚┢ ἓ䠮㩗 㑮䂮⯒ ㌂㣿䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ, ㎇⓻ 䘟Ṗ⯒ 㥚䟊 S ㌂㦮 ₆㫊 ⳾◎ὒ ゚ᾦ䞮㡖┺.
)]
/(
exp[
)
(
3 2 2 24
r Q
dC r b
or T T
T T (1) Heat Exchanger
Air In
AirOut
Impeller
Rear Guider
Stabilizer
㡂₆㍲,
1 2 3
r H r
2 2
2
/ tan D
T
C
mC
)]
cos /(
sin [
tan
1 2 22
E E
D
W U W 60
/ DN U
S) sin / ( sin
/
2 22
E
d exitE
m
Q A
C W
㧊Ⳇ, ㌂㣿♲ ṗ㫛 ⼖㑮⓪ Fig. 2 㠦 ☚㔲䞮㡖┺.
3. 朞獞空昣愯憛
3.1 滆愶愯洛柣
㡆㏣㩫㔳ὒٻ ゚㩫㌗㌗䌲ٻ ⋲⮮ٻ 㩦㎇㥶☯㦚ٻ 䟊㍳
䞮₆ٻ㥚䞮㡂ٻ⹎⊚⩒ٻỿ㧦⯒ٻ㌂㣿䞮⓪ٻἓ㤆ٻ㰖⺆
㩫㔳㦚ٻڞڼۍۏۀێۄڼۉٻۏۀۉێۊۍ ⪲ٻ䚲䡚䞮Ⳋٻ┺㦢ὒٻṯ 㧊ٻ䚲₆䞶ٻ㑮ٻ㧞┺ډٻ
ٻ
0 ) ( ) 1 (
w
w w
w
j j
x u t g
g U U ٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻڃڍڄٻ
~ ) ( ) 1 (
ij i j j
i
u u
u x t g
g U U W
w
w w
w ٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻٻ
i i
x s P w
w ٻٻٻڃڎڄٻ ٻ
㡂₆㍲ٻ t ⓪ٻ㔲Ṛڇٻ g ⓪ٻⲪ䔎Ⰳٻ䎦㍲㦮ٻ䟟⪂㔳ڇٻ U ⓪ٻ⹖☚ڇٻ u ⓪ٻ㏣☚ڇٻ⁎Ⰲἶٻ s ⓪ٻ㤊☯⨟ٻ㏢㓺
i㧊┺ډ ٻ
㥚㢖ٻ ṯ㦖ٻ ゚㍶䡫ٻ 㰖⺆㩫㔳㦮ٻ 䟊⯒ٻ ῂ䞮₆ٻ 㥚䟊ٻ㥶䞲㼊㩗⻫ڃہۄۉۄۏۀٻۑۊۇېۈۀٻۈۀۏۃۊڿڄ㦚ٻ㌂㣿䞮 㡂ٻ㧊㌆䢪䞮㡖ἶڇٻ╖⮮ٻٻ䢫㌆䟃㦮ٻ㻮Ⰲ⓪ٻ⽋䞿
☚㔳ڃۃ۔ڽۍۄڿٻێھۃۀۈۀڄ㦚ٻ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺ډٻ⡦䞲ڇٻ⋲⮮䟊
㍳㦚ٻ㥚䞮㡂ٻ⼓䞾㑮⯒ٻ㧊㣿䞲ٻ䚲㭖ٻ k ڈ H ٻ⳾◎㦚ٻ
㌂㣿䞮㡖㦒Ⳇڇٻ䣷⮮䣊ٻ⌊㦮ٻ㥶☯㧊ٻ㩫㌗㌗䌲㠦ٻ☚
╂䞮⓪ٻ㔲㩦₢㰖ٻ㑮䂮䟊㍳㦚ٻ㑮䟟䞮㡖┺ډٻ ٻ
3.2 昪凊懆朞 愕 冯沖凊割昷
䣷⮮䣊㦮 ╖䚲㩗㧎 ㍺Ἒ ⼖㑮㢖 ㌂㣿♲ 㫢䚲Ἒ
⓪ Table 1 ὒ Fig. 2 㠦 ₆㑶䞮㡖┺. Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ 㔲 㧧 ἷ㍶㦮 䡫㌗㦚 ⼖ἓ䞮Ⳋ㍲ 㥶⨟㠦 ➆⯎ 㹾㞫㎇
⓻㦚 㔺䠮㦚 䐋䟊 䁷㩫䞮㡖ἶ, 㑮䂮䟊㍳㦚 䐋䟊
⌊㥶☯ὒ 㹾㞫㦚 ゚ᾦ䞮㡖┺.
⽋㧷䞲 䣷⮮䣊㦮 䡫㌗㦖 ┺㭧な⩃(multi-block)
₆⻫㦚 㧊㣿䞮㡂 㧧㎇䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ, 䣢㩚㼊㦮 ゚㩫㌗
䟊㍳㧊 ゚ᾦ㩗 㩫䢫䞲 STAR-CD
(9)⯒ 㧊㣿䞮㡂 㑮 䂮䟊㍳㦚 㑮䟟䞮㡖┺. ỿ㧦 ㌳㎇㦚 㥚䟊 䣷⮮䣊㦮 㧛ῂ, 㧚䗶⩂, 㓺䋂⪺(scroll) 㡃䞶㦚 㑮䟟䞮⓪ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪㢖 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎⯒ 䡫㌗䢪䞮㡖┺. 㧊⩂
䞲 ỿ㧦 ㌳㎇㦖 ㎇⓻㠦 ╖䞲 ㍺Ἒ㧎㧦㦮 ㌗䢎 ὖ ἚṖ 䋆 䣷⮮䣊㦮 㑮䂮䟊㍳㦚 㥚䟊 䞚㑮㩗㧊┺.
Table 1 Design parameters of the modeled cross flow fan.
Fig. 2 Design parameters of the modeled cross-flow fan.
㥶☯⼖䢪Ṗ ỿ䞲 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪㢖 㧚䗶⩂ ㌂㧊㦮 Ṛ⁏ ( H )ὒ 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎㢖 㧚䗶⩂ ㌂㧊㦮 Ṛ⁏
1( H )㠦 㫆⹖ỿ㧦(enhanced grid)⯒ 㩗㣿䞮㡖┺. 䣢㩚
2䞮⓪ 㧚䗶⩂㠦 ╖䞲 ゚㩫㌗ 㑮䂮⳾㌂⯒ 㥚䟊 䟊㍳
䆪✲㠦㍲ 㩲Ὃ♮⓪ ⹎⊚⩒ỿ㧦(sliding grid)⯒ 㧊㣿 䞲 㧊䔎 ⳾✞(event module)㦚 ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺. 䞲䘎, STAR-CD 㠦㍲ 㩲Ὃ䞮⓪ ⹎⊚⩒ỿ㧦⓪ ỿ㧦㦮 䡫 䌲㢖 㑮Ṗ ⼖䞮⓪ ộ㧊 㞚┞ἶ, 㡺㰗 㔲Ṛ㠦 ╖䞲 ỿ㧦㦮 㥚䂮⯒ ⼖䢪㔲䋺⓪ ộ㦒⪲ 䣢㩚㦚 ⳾㌂䞮
⓪ 䔏㎇㦚 Ṭἶ 㧞┺. ỿ㧦Ἒ⓪ 䣷⮮䣊 ⌊ 㥶☯
㦚 2 㹾㤦㦒⪲ Ṗ㩫䞮㡂 㧧㎇䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ, 㩚㼊 ỿ㧦 㑮⓪ 65,000 Ṳ⯒ ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺. ỿ㧦㑮㦮 ⼖䢪㠦 ➆
⯎ 㡺㹾⯒ 㾲㏢䢪䞮₆ 㥚䟊 80,000 Ṳ₢㰖 ỿ㧦⯒
㯳Ṗ 㔲䆆㦒⋮ Ἒ㌆ Ṩ㦮 ⼖䢪Ṗ 㠜㠊 ⽎ 㡆ῂ㠦
㍲⓪ Ἒ㌆㔲Ṛ㦚 ┾㿫䞮₆ 㥚䞮㡂 65,000 Ṳ⪲ 䞮 㡖┺ (Fig. 3 㺎㫆).
D
295mm
E
129
oH
15.9mm
T
219
oT
3100
oT1
E1
E2
D1
D2
H
2T
5T
4T
2r
4H
1T
3Fig. 3 Grid systems of the modelled cross-flow fan.
3.3 凃凊浶兺
㑮䂮㡗㡃㦮 㧛ῂ㢖 㿲ῂ⓪ Fig. 3 㠦㍲ ⽒ 㑮 㧞
⓪ ộὒ ṯ㧊 㾲╖ 㥶⨟㩦㠦㍲⓪ 㞫⩻ἓἚ㫆Ị (pressure boundary condition), ⁎㣎 㥶⨟㩦㠦㍲⓪ 㧛 ῂ㫆Ị㠦 䔏㩫 㰞⨟ 䝢⩃㓺⯒ 㧛⩻䞮㡖┺. 㾲╖
㥶⨟㫆Ị㠦㍲ 㧛ബ㿲ῂ ⳾⚦ ╖₆㞫 㫆Ị㧊 Ṗ䟊 㰖⓪ 䣷⮮䣊㦮 䔏㎇㌗ 㞫⩻㹾⓪ 㡗㦒⪲ 䞮㡖┺.
㧚䗶⩂ ⌊㦮 䣢㩚㡗㡃 ỿ㧦㢖 㭒⼖㦮 ἶ㩫㫢䚲 Ἒ㠦 ἶ㩫♲ ỿ㧦 ㌂㧊⓪ ἓἚ㩧㹿㫆Ị㦚 ㌂㣿䞮 㡖㦒Ⳇ, 㔲Ṛ㧊 ἓὒ䞾㠦 ➆⧒ 㞴㴓㦮 ỿ㧦㢖 ⰴ ⶒⰂⳊ㍲ ㌞⪲㤊 㡗㡃㧊 㡆ἆ♮☚⪳ 䞮㡖┺. ⼓Ⳋ 㠦㍲⓪ 㩦㹿㫆Ị(no-slip condition)㦚 ㌂㣿䞮㡖ἶ,
⼓Ⳋ㠦 㑮㰗䞲 䟻㦒⪲㦮 㰞⨟㥶⨟㦖 㫊㨂䞮㰖 㞠⓪ ộ㦒⪲ 䞮㡖┺. ⡦䞲, ⼓ ⁒㻮㠦㍲㦮 ỿ㧦㑮
⯒ 㭚㧊₆ 㥚䟊 ⼓䞾㑮⯒ ㌂㣿䞮㡖┺.
4. 柪竞沫獞 愕 愯憛
䣷⮮䣊㦮 ㎇⓻㔲䠮㦚 㥚䟊㍲ ASHRAE 䚲㭖㠦
䞿䞲 㩚䦷㧛䡫㦒⪲ 㔺䠮㧻䂮⯒ ῂ㎇䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ Fig. 4 㠦 㧊⯒ ⋮䌖⌊㠞┺. 䣊㠦 㦮䟊 ㌳♮⓪ 㩫 㞫㦖 㔺䠮㧻䂮 ㌗⮮㠦 㥚䂮䞲 㞞㩫㔺㦮 㩫㞫䍃㦚 䐋䟊 䁷㩫䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ, 㥶⨟㦖 㔺䠮㧻䂮 ⌊㠦 ㍺䂮♲
⏎㯦 㩚䤚㦮 㩫㞫㹾⯒ 䁷㩫䞮㡂 ἓ䠮㔳㦚 ㌂㣿䞮 㡂 Ἒ㌆䞮㡖┺. 㹾㞫㎇⓻ 䁷㩫 㥶⨟䁷㩫㦚 㥚 䟊 micromanometer(FCO510)⯒ ㌂㣿䞮㡂 㞫⩻㦚 䁷 㩫䞮㡖┺. Micromanometer 㦮 䁷㩫㡺㹾⓪ ധ0.25%
㧊Ⳇ, 㥶⨟㦮 䢫☚⓪(uncertainty)⓪ ധ2.83%㧊┺.
䣊 ㎇⓻㔺䠮㧻䂮㠦 㧻㹿♲ ⏎㯦㦖 㩫䡫 㔺䠮
┾Ⳋ㦮 㭧㕂㠦㍲ ╖䃃㦒⪲ ⳾⚦ ┺㎅Ṳ㦮 ⏎㯦㧊
㍺䂮♮㠊, 㥶⨟ ⼖䢪㠦 ➆⧒ 㩗䞿䞲 ⏎㯦✺㧊 Ṳ
Fig. 4 Schematic apparatus of a fan tester.
⡦⓪ 䘦㐚♮☚⪳ 㩲㧧䞮㡖┺.
䣊㠦 㡆ἆ♲ ⳾䎆 ☯⩻㦖 䣢㩚㿫㠦 torquemeter
⯒ 㧻㹿䞮㡂 䁷㩫䞲 䤚 㧊㠦 䣢㩚㑮⯒ 䞮㡂 ῂ 䞮⓪ ộ㧊 㧒㩗㧊㰖Ⱒ, ⽎ 㡆ῂ㠦㍲⓪ digital power meter(Yokogawa, WT1000 series)⯒ ㌂㣿䞮㡂 ῂ☯ ⳾䎆㦮 㧧☯ ☯⩻㦚 䁷㩫䞲 䤚 ⳾䎆㦮 ㎇⓻ ἷ㍶㦚 㧊㣿䞮㡂 㧊⯒ ⽊㩫䞮㡖┺.
5. 冶刂 愕 処然
⽎ 㡆ῂ㠦㍲⓪ 䣷⮮䣊㦮 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ 䡫㌗㦚 ⼖ 䢪㔲䅲ṖⳊ㍲ 䣷⮮䣊 ⌊㠦㍲ ㌳䞮⓪ 㥶☯ ⼖ 䢪⯒ 㑮䂮䟊㍳ὒ 㔺䠮㦚 䐋䟊 ἶ㺆䞮㡖┺.
₆㫊⳾◎⪲ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ ἷ㍶㦚 ┾㑲 㤦䢎⯒ ㌂ 㣿䞲 䡫䌲 㭧㠦㍲ ἓ 56(R56)㠦 ╖䞲 䟊㍳ἆὒ
⯒ Fig. 5 㠦 ☚㔲䞮㡖┺. Figure 5(a)㠦㍲ ⽒ 㑮 㧞
⓪ 㢖 ṯ㧊 㧛ῂ ἓἚⳊ 㩚㼊㠦㍲ 㥶㧛㧊 ㌳
䞮⓪ ộ㧊 㞚┞⧒ 䞮┾ 㧒㠦㍲Ⱒ 㥶☯㧊 ㌳
䞮⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺. 㧊⩂䞲 㥶☯㦖 㧚䗶⩂ ⁒ 㻮㠦㍲㦮 㥶☯㦚 㧦㎎䧞 䚲䡚䞲 Fig. 5(b)㠦㍲ ⁎㤦 㧎㦚 㺔㦚 㑮 㧞┺. 㧚䗶⩂ 㭒㥚㠦㍲ 㥶☯㧊 㧒㠊
⋶ ἓ㤆 ⁎Ⱂ㠦 䚲㔲䞲◆⪲ ⚦Ṳ㦮 䗢䝚 㡗㡃ὒ
⚦Ṳ㦮 䎆ゞ 㡗㡃㧊 ㌳䞮Ợ ♮⓪◆, 㧊 㭧 䏶㿲 㴓㦮 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎 ⁒㻮㠦 ㌳䞮⓪ 㡗㡃㦖 䘎㕂 㢖Ṗ ㌳䞮⓪ 㡗㡃㦒⪲ 㧊㦮 䋂₆⋮ 㥚䂮Ṗ 䣷⮮
䣊㦮 ㎇⓻㠦 ⹎䂮⓪ 㡗䟻㧊 䋂┺⓪ ộ㦖 㭒㰖㦮
㌂㔺㧊┺. ⡦ 䞮⋮㦮 䎆ゞ 㡗㡃㦖 ⽎ 䣷⮮䣊㦮 㩚 㼊 㥶☯㧊 Ὴἷ㧊 㕂䞮㡂 䋂Ợ ㌳䞮⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞⓪◆, 䎆ゞ㡗㡃㠦㍲ ㌳䞲 㥶☯㧊 㧛ῂ⪲
┺㔲 䏶㿲 ♾㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺. 㧊⩂䞲 䎆ゞ 㡗㡃㦖
㎇⓻㦚 㩖䞮㔲䋺⓪ 㤦㧎㧊 ♲┺. ⡦䞲, 䗢䝚㡗㡃㦒
⪲䎆 䏶㿲♲ 㥶☯㦖 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪㦮 ┾㑲 㤦䢎
⯒ 㰖⋮ 䏶㿲䁷㦒⪲ 㧊㏷♮⓪◆, ┾㑲 㤦䢎Ṗ 㥶☯㠦 㩗䞿䞮Ợ ㍺Ἒ♮㰖 㞠㞚 㩫㼊㡗㡃㧊 ㌳
䞮Ⳇ 㿿☢Ṗ ㌳ₖ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺. 㧊⩂䞲 㿿☢
㡗㡃㦖 㥶☯ ㏦㔺㦚 㥶䞮Ⳇ, Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ 㞫⩻䣢
⽋ ㎇⓻ 㩚㼊 䣷⮮䣊㦮 ㎇⓻㠦㍲ 㩫㩗 㡗䟻 㦚 ⹎䂲┺.
Inlet
Outlet G
Stabilizer Impeller
Rear Guider
Static Pressure Tap Screen
Booster Fan
(a) whole domain
(b) domain near impeller
Fig. 5 Velocity vector of a cross-flow fan with R-type.
Figure 6 㦖 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶㦚 㧊㣿䞲 Ⰲ㠊 Ṗ㧊▪㦮 㥶☯䟊㍳ ἆὒ㧊┺. 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶
䡫㠦㍲☚ 㧛ῂ 㥶☯㠦㍲ 䏶㿲 㥶☯㧊 ㌳䞮㰖Ⱒ
⁎ 㟧㦖 ἓ䡫ὒ ゚ᾦ䟊 ⽒ ➢ 㭚㠊✲⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺. 㧊⓪ Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ 䡫㌗ ⼖䢪⪲ 㧎䟊 㥶㧛
♮⓪ 䗢䝚㡗㡃㧊 䢫╖♲ ἆὒ⪲, 䎆ゞ㡗㡃㧊 㭚㠊
✺Ⳋ㍲ ㌳䞮⓪ 䡚㌗㦒⪲ 䕦┾♲┺. 㧚䗶⩂⯒ 1 㹾 䐋ὒ䞲 㥶☯㦖 2 㹾 䏶㿲䁷㦒⪲ 㧊㏷♮Ⳇ, 2 㹾 䏶㿲 㡗㡃㦚 䐋ὒ䞲 㥶☯㦖 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ 㴓㦒⪲ 䏶 㿲♲┺. 㡂₆㍲, 䏶㿲 㥶☯㧊 㻮㦢 Ⱒ⋮Ợ ♮⓪ Ⰲ 㠊Ṗ㧊▪ ἷ㍶ 㔲㧧⯒ ⽊Ⳋ ἓ䡫ὒ⓪ ╂Ⰲ 㩫 㼊㡗㡃㧊 Ệ㦮 㠜㦒Ⳇ, 㥶☯㧊 Ⰲ㧊Ṗ㧊▪ ἷ㍶㦚
➆⧒㍲ 㿿☢ 㠜㧊 䦮⩂Ṗ⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺. 㿿
☢㧊 Ṧ㏢䞲 㥶☯㦖 ㏦㔺㠜㧊 㧚䗶⩂㠦㍲ 㦖 㠦
⍞㰖⯒ 䏶㿲ῂ₢㰖 㧊㏷䞮Ợ♲┺. 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺
⋮㍶㦚 ㌂㣿䞲 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪㠦㍲ ⡦ 䞮⋮㦮 䔏㰫㩗 㧎 ἆὒ⓪ ₆㫊 ἓ䡫ὒ⓪ ╂Ⰲ 䘎㕂㢖 䋂₆Ṗ Ṧ㏢䞮⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺. 䘎㕂㢖⓪ 䣷⮮䣊㧊 ῂ
☯♮Ⳋ 䞚䧞 ㌳䞮⓪ 䡚㌗㦒⪲ ⁎ 䋂₆Ṗ 㧧㦚 㑮⪳, ⁎Ⰲἶ 㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎㢖 Ṗ₢㤊 㥚䂮㠦 㧞㦚 㑮⪳ ㎇⓻㠦 㥶Ⰲ䞲 ἆὒṖ ⋮㡾┺ἶ 㞢⩺㪎 㧞┺.
Ⳋ ⚦ ἆὒ⯒ ゚ᾦ䟊 ⽒ ➢ 䘎㕂㢖㦮 㥚䂮㠦⓪ 䋆 ⼖䢪Ṗ 㠜⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞⓪◆, 㥚䂮 ⼖䢪⓪
(a) whole domain
(b) domain near impeller
Fig. 6 Velocity vector of a cross-flow fan with Ar- type.
㓺䌲ア⧒㧊㪎㦮 㥚䂮⼖䢪⯒ 䐋䟊 㩲㠊Ṗ Ṗ⓻䞶 ộ㦒⪲ 䕦┾♲┺.
䣷⮮䣊 ⌊ 㞫⩻䙂⓪ Fig. 7 㠦 ⋮䌖⌊㠞┺.
⁎Ⱂ㠦㍲ ⽒ 㑮 㧞⓪ 㢖 ṯ㧊 㩫㼊㡗㡃㠦㍲ 㞫
⩻㧊 Ṧ㏢䞮Ợ ♮⓪◆ 䔏䧞 䘎㕂㢖 㠦㍲ 㞫⩻
ṫ䞮Ṗ Ṗ㧻 㕂䞮Ợ ㌳䞮⓪ ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺.
㧚䗶⩂⯒ 䐋䟊 䏶㿲♲ 㥶☯㦖 䘎㕂㢖⯒ 㰖⋮ 㥶☯
䞮Ợ ♮⓪◆ 㧊㠦㍲ ㏣☚Ṗ Ṗ㧻 ザ⯊Ợ 䙂 䞮₆ ➢ⶎ㠦 㞫⩻㧊 ⌄㦖 ộ㦒⪲ 䕦┾♲┺. ἓ
䟻㦒⪲⓪ 㿿☢ 㥶☯㦒⪲ 㧎䟊 㩖㞫㡗㡃㧊 Ⰲ㠊 Ṗ㧊▪ ⼓Ⳋ ⁒㻮₢㰖 䙂䞮㰖Ⱒ 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺
⋮㍶䡫㠦㍲⓪ 䘎㕂㢖 ⁒㻮㠦Ⱒ 䙂䞾㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞
┺.
㑮䂮䟊㍳㦚 䐋䟊 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶䡫 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ 㧊▪Ṗ ἓ䡫⽊┺ 㤆㑮䞲 ㎇⓻㧊 ⋮䌖⋾㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞⓪◆, 㧊⯒ Ỗ㯳䞮₆ 㥚䟊 䣊 ㎇⓻㧻䂮⯒ 㧊㣿 䞮㡂 ㎇⓻ 㔲䠮㦚 㑮䟟䞮㡖┺. Figure 8 㠦 ☚㔲䞲
㢖 ṯ㧊 ἓ䡫㦖 ἓ㧊 ṗṗ 51, 56, 61mm ⪲ ῂ㎇♲ 䡫䌲㧊Ⳇ, 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶䡫㦖 ㍺Ἒ 㹾 㞫㦚 ἶ㩫䞮ἶ, ㍺Ἒ㥶⨟㦚 4, 5, 6CMM 㦒⪲ ⼖ἓ
㔲 Pump
Turbine
Pump
Eccentric Vortex
(a) R-type
(b) Ar-type
Fig. 7 Pressure contour of cross-flow fan.
䅲ṖⳊ㍲ ㍺Ἒ䞲 䡫㌗㦚 㧊㣿䞮㡖┺.
ἓ䡫㠦 ╖䞲 ㎇⓻ 㔲䠮ἆὒ⯒ ㌊䘊⽊Ⳋ 㥶⨟
㧊 㯳Ṗ䞮Ⳋ㍲ 3.6CMM ₢㰖 㞞㩫 㡗㡃, 5.13CMM ₢㰖 㟓Ṛ㦮 㞞㩫 㡗㡃㧊 ㌳䞮㡖┺.
Ⳋ Ar4 (4CMM 䡫)⓪ 3.2CMM ₢㰖Ṗ 㞞㩫 㡗 㡃㦒⪲ Ṗ㧻 㤆㑮䞲 㩖㥶⨟ 㤊㩚 䔏㎇㦚 ⋮䌖⌞⓪
◆, 㧊⓪ 㔺䠮㔲 ㌂㣿♲ Ṛ⁏( H )㧊 Ar4 㦮 ㍺Ἒ
1Ṛ⁏ὒ ☯㧒䞮₆ ➢ⶎ㧎 ộ㦒⪲ 䕦┾♲┺.
Ar5(5CMM 䡫)㢖 Ar6(6CMM 䡫)㠦⓪ 4 㢖 4.4CMM
⽊┺ 䋆 㥶⨟ ⻪㥚㠦㍲ 㤆㑮䞲 㹾㞫㎇⓻㦚 Ṭ㰖Ⱒ 㩖㥶⨟ 㡗㡃㠦㍲ ₆㫊㦮 ἓ䡫⽊┺ 㫡㰖 㞠㦖 㹾 㞫㎇⓻ὒ 㞞㩫 㤊㩚䔏㎇㦚 Ṭ⓪┺.
㔺䠮㦚 䐋䟊 ῂ䞲 䣷⮮䣊 䣾㥾ἷ㍶㦖 Fig. 9 㠦
☚㔲䞮㡖┺. 䣾㥾ἷ㍶㠦㍲☚ 㾲╖ 䣾㥾㩦㧊 Ṗ㧻 㩖㞫 㡗㡃㠦 㧞⓪ 䌖㧛㦖 Ar4 䌖㧛㦒⪲ 㩖㞫㡗㡃 䣾㥾㧊 ┺⯎ 䌖㧛㠦 ゚䟊 ⏨Ợ 䙂䞾㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞
┺. 㹾㞫㠦㍲㢖 ṯ㧊 ἶ㥶⨟ 㡗㡃㠦㍲⓪ Ar5 㢖 Ar6 㧊 ⏨㦖 䣾㥾㦚 Ṭ㰖Ⱒ, 㩖㥶⨟ 㡗㡃㠦㍲⓪
ἓ䡫⽊┺ 䣾㥾㧊 ⌄㦖 ộ㦚 㞢 㑮 㧞┺.
6. 冶 嵦
(1) 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮㍶㦚 㧊㣿䞲 Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪ ἷ㍶
Q[CMM]
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
dP[mmH2O]
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
R51C2 R56C2 R61C2 Ar4C2 Ar5C2 Ar6C2
Fig. 8 Static pressure difference versus flow rate.
Q[CMM]
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ks[%]
0 5 10 15 20 25
R51C2 R56C2 R61C2 Ar4C2 Ar5C2 Ar6C2
Fig. 9 Efficiency versus flow rate.
㦮 ㍺Ἒ ㌗ὖὖἚ㔳㦚 㩫Ⱃ䞮㡖┺.
(2) ㍺Ἒ ㌗ὖ㔳㠦 ➆⧒ 㩲㧧♲ 䡫㌗㠦 ╖䞲 㑮䂮 䟊㍳ὒ 㔺䠮㦚 㑮䟟䞮㡂 ₆㫊 䡫㌗⽊┺ 㾲╖
㹾㞫㧊 10% 㩫☚ ㌗㔏䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ, 㩖㥶⨟ ╖㡃 㤊㩚㡗㡃㠦㍲ 㞞㩫㎇㦚 䟊ἆ䞶 㑮 㧞⓪ ㍺ Ἒ㞞㦚 ῂ㿫䞮㡖┺.
(3) Ⰲ㠊Ṗ㧊▪㦮 ἷ㍶ 䡫㌗㦒⪲ 㞚⯊䋺Ⲫ◆㓺 ⋮
㍶㦚 㧊㣿䞮⸖⪲㖾 㥶☯㦮 㿿ỿ㏦㔺㦚 㭚㡂
゚㩫㌗㎇㦚 Ṧ㏢䞮㡖㦒Ⳇ, 㧊⓪ ㎇⓻ ㈦Ⱒ 㞚
┞⧒ ゚㩫㌗ ㏢㦢 Ṧ㏢㠦☚ 㧊㰖 䞶 ộ㦒⪲
䕦┾♲┺.
焾処怾竒