IEG 환경지질연구정보센터

(1)

ݓϸąćܓæԓ߻ф

6.ںۋڌॢʴ؉֨؉ݓًɳşٚ҃

vᱥ⪙^QXSG ᕽ໦ᕾ^XSG Ş᳦⯁^XSG ʡᵝᬱ^Y

ėܳʂॡİʂşęॡę ߿ǫė֪ܳ֨ěʴ KUJHFS!HNBJMDPN

ս࠘ϿʝÒьę ԴڐʴۚĵيۆʂѓͿţ

څأ

ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õᯕ ʑᔢℎ ₉ᖙݡ ☖⧊༉ߙ OG aG |tP᮹ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥḡᩎ ݉ʑᩩᅕᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ᮥ

ᇥᕾ⦹ʑ ᭥⦹ᩍ ḡ໕⦝ᅖ OG aG sjPŝ ᯯ໕ᱢḡᙹ OG G aG shpPෝ }ᖁ⦹ŁSG b ᯱഭ᮹

ᱢᬊᨱ ঑௝ [᳦ඹ᮹ ၝqࠥ ᝅ⨹ᮥ ᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅UG ḡ໕Tݡʑ ᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ OTP᮹ ⩥ ᝅᱢĥᔑᮥ᭥⧕↽ɝᨱš⊂⦽᜾ᔾḡᙹO¡G G G aG uk}pPᨱqࠦᇥඹʑჶ ᮹⦹ӹᯙz}tG OG G Pᮥᱢᬊ⦹ᩍrsjYG OrG uNG |UG G Pෝᔑ⇽⦹

ᩡᮝ໑SG ᜾ᔾ᮹ ᜽․Ŗe ᩑᗮᖒᮥ ᯕᬊ⦽ ᅕᱶʑჶᮥ ↽ɝᨱ š⊂⦽ shpᨱ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ ᬵᵝʑ shpᯱഭෝ ᔑ

⇽⦹ᩡ݅UG |t᮹ḡ໕ྜྷญŝᱶᮡ tvzlzG YUYG OtTvG zG lG Pᯕ໑SG ༉᮹ᩢᩎ᮹ᙹ

⠪⧕ᔢࠥ۵ XYG SG ᩑḢႊ⨆ᮝಽ Z_} T⊖ᮝಽ Ǎᖒ⦹ŁSG b ĥᱩᄥಽ X}ᬵ OᅥSG aᮥSG ĉᬙPG ੱ ۵ Y}ᬵ Oᩍ෥P᮹ ʑeᨱ ݡ⧕ ๅᯝ Y⫭ OWWVXYG |{jPG ^Y᜽e ᱢᇥᮥ ᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅UG ᵝಽ ⪽ᩞᙹฝŝ ⋉ᩞ

ᙹฝᨱᕽ ᇥ⡍᪡ Ǎ᳑ᱢ ᔢ┽ᄡ⪵a aᰆ Ⓧí ӹ┡ԍᮝ໑ ᯕ ḡᩎॅ OᵲǎԉᇡSG อᵝḡᩎ ॒Pᨱᕽ ᦭ᄁࠥSG Ñ⋁ʑʙᯕ ॒᮹ ᔾྜྷญᱢ ᄡ⪵a Ⓧí ӹ┡ԍ݅UG ᝅ⨹ᨱ ঑௝ᕽ۵ sj᪡ shpෝ ༉ࢱ }ᖁ⦽ uszlG OG

G G Pᨱᕽ₉ᯕaaᰆⓍíӹ┡ԍ݅UG ⋉ᩞᙹฝᯕⓍíqᗭ⦽อᵝḡᩎᨱᕽ᦭ᄁࠥ᷾

a᮹ ᩢ⨆ᮝಽ ḡ⢽໕᪉ࠥa ᧞ WU\～X℃ qᗭ⦽ ၹ໕SG ⪽ᩞᙹฝᯕ Ⓧí ᷾a⦽ ᵲǎ ԉᇡḡᩎᨱᕽ۵ ḡ⢽

໕᪉ࠥa ᧞ X℃᷾a⦹ᩡ݅UG ੱ⦽ ᯕ ḡᩎॅᮥ ᵲᝍᮝಽ ᙽᅖᔍ ၰ ⩥ᩕᗮVᰁᩕᗮ᮹ ᄡ⪵a ӹ┡ԍᮝ໑SG v ᙹప᮹ ᄡ⪵᪡۵ Ḣᱲᱢᯙ ᩑšᖒᮥ ၽč⦹ḡ ༜⦹ᩡ݅UG ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õ᮹ }ᖁᯕ vᙹᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ᮡ ᱢᮡ

ၹ໕SG ԉ⦽ᨱᕽ᮹ ʑ᪉ᨱ ݡ⦽ ༉᮹ᙹᵡᮡ ⠙ᯕ OPෝ ʑᵡᮝಽ ^SG _SG XWᬵᨱ bb X[SG X\SG YZLG }ᖁࡽ

äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅UG

ܳڅر6. MBOEDPWFS MFBGBSFBJOEFY .04&4 ݓϸʂşԜ঒ۚڌ

Դ΁

ḡ໕Tݡʑ ᔢ⪙᯲ᬊᯕ௡ ḡ໕ŝ ݡʑᔍᯕ᮹ ᩕSG ᙹ᷾ʑSG ᬕ࠺ప ॒᮹ Ʊ⪹ŝᱶᮥ ᮹ၙ⦹۵ äᮝಽSG ᵝಽ ʑᔢ᳑Õŝ ḡ⢽໕ᔢ┽ᨱ ᮹⧕ ᳑ᱩࡹ໑SG ԁᦉ᪡ ʑ⬥ෝ đᱶ⦹۵ߑ ๅᬑ ᵲ᫵⦽ ྜྷญŝᱶ ᵲ ⦹ ӹᯕ݅O{ G G USG YWWYPUG ḡ⢽໕ᔢ┽۵sjSG shpSG ᜾ᔾእᮉSG ztG ၰᱢᖅOG aG zjPG ॒᮹

ᄡᙹಽݡ⢽ࡽ݅UG əᵲsj᪡shpSG ᜾ᔾእᮉ॒ᮡ᦭ᄁࠥ᪡Ñ⋁ʑʙᯕෝđᱶ⦹۵ᵝ᫵ᄡᙹಽSG ḡ⢽໕ ᪉ࠥSG ⩥ᩕVᰁᩕᗮ ၰ ᙹᇥᙹಕ ॒ᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ၙ⋉ᮝಽ៉ ԁᦉ ၰ ʑ⬥ᄡ⪵ᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ၙ⊽݅ OjG G

USG YWWWPUG ੱ⦽ ᜾ᔾ᮹ Ǎ᳑ᱢ ᔢ┽ᄡ⪵۵ vᙹ⡍₊SG ᷾ၽ ੱ۵ ☁᧲ᨱ ࠥݍ⦹۵ vᙹ᮹ ᧲ᮥ ᳑ᱩ⦹

TG GY`G GT

(2)

ŁSG ᷾ၽᔑᮥ ☖⦽ ☁᧲ᙹᇥ᮹ ݡʑ Ŗɪప ᳑ᱩSG ḡ໕ŝ ݡʑᔍᯕ᮹ ᨱթḡ⠪⩶ ၰ ᬕ࠺ప Ʊ⪹ᨱ š ᩍ⦽݅OsG G zSG YWW[PU

ᙹ⊹ ੱ۵ ʑ⬥༉ߙᨱᕽ ḡ໕Tݡʑ ᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ᮹ ᩎ⧁ŝ ə ᵲ᫵ᖒᨱ ݡ⦽ šᝍᯕ ׳ᦥḡ໕ᕽ sjSG shpG ၰ ztG ॒᮹ ḡ໕ᔢ┽ ᄡ⪵a ༉᮹ᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ᇥᕾ⦹ʑ ᭥⦽ ݅᧲⦽ ၝqࠥ ᝅ⨹ॅŝ ḡ໕ Ğĥ᳑Õ }ᖁᮥ ☖⦽ ༉᮹ᙹᵡ ⨆ᔢᩑǍॅᯕḥ⧪ࡹŁᯩ݅OqG G USG YWXWPUG ᔍส᮹ ⪶ᰆSG ࠥ᜽⪵SG

׮ḡ⪵SG ᔑฝ❭ƕ ੱ۵ ᵝ᫵ ᙹ᳦᮹ ᄡ⪵ ॒᮹ ḡ໕⦝ᅖ ၰ ᜾ᔾ᮹ Ǎ᳑ᱢ ᔢ┽ᄡ⪵SG ☁᧲ᙹᇥ᮹ ᄡ⪵

॒ᮡ ᦭ᄁࠥ᪡ Ñ⋁ʑʙᯕSG ᙹᇥᬊప ॒ ḡ໕᮹ ᔾྜྷญᱢ ✚ᖒॅᮥ ᄡ⪵᜽┅Ł ḡ⢽໕᪉ࠥ᪡ ⩥ᩕᗮVᰁ

ᩕᗮSG ᬕ࠺పƱ⪹ ॒ᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ၙ⊽݅UG ə đŝಽ ݡʑ᮹ ᙽ⪹SG ḡᩎȽ༉᮹ vᙹ ੱ۵ Ųᩎ᮹ ʑ⬥ᄡ⪵

ᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ၙ⊽݅ OjG G USG YWWWbG jG G USG YWWWbG sG G zSG YWW[bG qG G SG YWXWPUG ঑௝ᕽḡ໕Tݡʑᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ᮹༉᮹ᖒ܆⨆ᔢᮥ᭥⧕᧲ḩ᮹ḡ໕ᔢ┽ᱶᅕᔑ⇽ᯕ⦥᫵⦹݅U

š⊂ᯱഭ᮹ እ᧞ᱢ ⪶ݡSG ᯱഭ࠺⪵ ʑᚁ᮹ ⨆ᔢ ॒ ᙹ⊹༉ߙ᮹ ༉᮹ᙹᵡ ⨆ᔢᮥ ᭥⦽ יಆᨱࠥ ᇩǍ

⦹Ł ḡ໕ྜྷญŝᱶᨱ ݡ⦽ ᯕ⧕᮹ ᇡ᳒ŝ ༉ᙹ⪵᮹ ⦽ĥSG ḡ໕ᔢ┽ ᯱഭ᮹ ⣩ḩ ॒ᨱ ঑ෙ ḡ໕Tݡʑ

ᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ ĥᔑ᮹ ᇩ⪶ᝅᖒᯕ ᩍᱥ⯩ ᳕ᰍ ⦽݅ OzG G USG YWXWPUG ᐱอ ᦥܩ௝ ḡ໕ᔢ┽ ᄡ⪵ ੱ۵

ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õ }ᖁᯕ ᙹ⊹༉ߙ᮹ ݉ʑᩩᅕᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ᨱ ݡ⦽ ᩑǍ۵ ᔢݡᱢᮝಽ ၙ⯂⦽ ᝅᱶᯕ݅UG ᱥḡǍᔢᨱᕽ ᯙǍၡࠥa aᰆ ׳ŁSG ᔍส⪵SG ࠥ᜽⪵ ॒᮹ ᗮࠥa aᰆ ዁෕í ḥ⧪ࡹŁ ᯩ۵ äᮝಽ

᦭ಅḥ⦽ၹࠥෝእ೐⦽࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥḡᩎ᮹ḡ໕Tݡʑᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ༉᮹ᖒ܆⨆ᔢᮥ᭥⧕ᕽ۵ᯕḡᩎᨱݡ

⦽ᱶ⪶⦽ḡ໕ᔢ┽ᱶᅕǍ⇶ᯕ⦥᫵⦹݅UG ੱ⦽ᅕ݅ᱶ⪶⦽ʑᔢᱶᅕᱽŖᮥ᭥⧕ʑᔢℎᨱᕽ᯦ࠥ⦽

|t᮹ ༊⢽ ݍᖒᮥ ᭥⧕ᕽ۵ |t᮹ ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õᮝಽ ᔍᬊࡹ໑SG ⦽ၹࠥෝ እ೐⦽ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥ ḡᩎᨱᕽ

᪅ᇥඹ ੱ۵ ŖeᇩᩑᗮSG ᜽․Ŗe ᩑᗮᖒ᮹ ྙᱽ ॒ᮥ ⡍⧉⦹Ł ᯩ۵ äᮝಽ ᦭ಅḥ pniwG sjG OpG nTiG wP᪡ ᬵᵝʑ tvkpzG shpG OtvkG G pG zPG ᯱഭ᮹}ᖁŝᯕॅᯱഭෝᱢᬊ⦽ၝqࠥᝅ⨹ᯕ⦥᫵⦹݅U

঑௝ᕽSG ᅙ ᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥ ḡᩎᨱᕽ ḡ໕Tݡʑ ᔢ⪙᯲ᬊ᮹ ༉᮹ᖒ܆ ⨆ᔢᮥ ᭥⧕ ↽ɝᨱ š⊂

⦽ ᯱഭᨱ ᜾ᔾ᮹ ᜽․Ŗe ᩑᗮᖒᮥ ᯕᬊ⦽ ᅕᱶʑჶᮥ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ ᧲ḩ᮹ ᬵᵝʑ shp᪡ uk}pG ᯱഭෝ

ᔑ⇽⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅UG }ᖁ⦽ uk}pᯱഭಽᇡ░ ᜾ᔾ᮹ ĥᱩᄡ࠺✚ᖒ ᯱഭॅᮥ ᔑ⇽⦹ŁSG qࠦᇥඹʑჶ᮹ ⦹ ӹᯙ z}tG OG G PG ʑჶᮥ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥ ḡᩎ᮹ sjෝ }ᖁ⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅UG ੱ⦽SG ᦿᕽ }ᖁ⦽ shp᪡ sjෝ bb ᱢᬊ⦽ ၝqࠥ ᝅ⨹ᮥ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩍ b ĥᱩᄥಽ X}ᬵ ᯕᔢ᮹ ༉᮹ᝅ⨹ᮥ

ᙹ⧪⧉ᮝಽ៉ ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õ᮹ }ᖁᯕ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥḡᩎ ݉ʑᩩᅕᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ᱶపᱢᮝಽ ᇥᕾ⦹Łᯱ

⦽݅U

ۙΒфٍĵѓѪ

ᅙ ᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õ }ᖁᮥ ᭥⧕ ↽ɝᨱ š⊂⦽ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥ ḡᩎ tvkpzG uk}pG OYWW]～

YWW_P᪡ tvkpzG shpG OYWW[～YWW_PG ᯱഭෝ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅UG ᔩಽᬕ sjG ᇥඹෝ ᭥⧕ pniwSG |tSG tvkpzG sjG ᯱഭෝ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩡᮝ໑SG á᷾ᮥ ᭥⦽ š⊂ᯱഭಽSG nwzG OnG wG z Pෝ ᯕᬊ⦽ ⩥ᰆš

⊂ᯱഭSG ʑᔢℎ ᔑ⦹ ^]}ḡᱱ š⊂ᯱഭSG nwjwG XkkG OnG wG j wPG ၰ

~ G ݡ⦺Ʊᨱᕽ᯦ᙹ⦽yG š⊂ᯱഭෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅U

TG GZWG GT

(3)

ℌჩṙ݉ĥಽSG ᧲ḩ᮹uk}pG ၰshpᯱഭᔑ⇽ᮥ᭥⧕ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵᜾ᔾᄡ࠺᮹᜽․Ŗeᩑᗮᖒ

ᮥ ᯕᬊ⦽ᅕᱶʑჶᮥ }ၽ⦹ᩡ݅UG ၹĞ XG G ᯕᔢ᮹ݡ⩶ᔑᔍ┽ੱ۵ᔑᇩ॒᮹ ᰍ⧕aၽᔾ⦹ḡᦫ ᦹ݅۵ ᱥᱽ᳑Õᨱᕽ ⦽ ḡᱱ᮹ ⠪Ɂᱢᯙ ᜾ᔾᔢ┽ ᄡ⪵۵ ᜽eᱢᮝಽ ᩑᗮᱢᯕ໑SG ᮁ⬉ၹĞ O᧞ XWG

PG ԕᨱᕽ ࠺ᯝ⦽ ᮁ⩶᮹ ᜾ᔾᮡ ᮁᔍ⦽ ✚ᖒᮥ w۵݅۵ äᯕ ᅙ ᅕᱶʑჶ᮹ ⧖ᝍᯕ໑SG ᱥ ŝᱶᮥ

mUG Xᨱӹ┡ԕᨩ݅UG ᩍʑᕽb⪵ᗭ᮹⣩ḩʑᵡᮡtvkpzG ᯱഭᨱ⡍⧉ࡽb⪵ᗭ᮹⣩ḩᱶᅕᨱ঑ෙ

äᯕ໑SG ᔍสSG ࠥ᜽ၰ⧕ᦩḡᩎ॒ᮡḡญᱢ᳑ÕᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍᝅᱽᅕᱶs᮹\WLอᱢᬊ⦹ࠥಾ⦹ᩡ݅UG

Fig. 1. Block-diagram for the NDVI correction process.

ࢱ ჩṙ ݉ĥᨱᕽ۵ ᜽․Ŗe ᩑᗮᖒᮥ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ ᅕᱶ⦽ uk}pG ᯱഭಽᇡ░ ᜾ᔾḡᙹ ↽ݡ⊹SG ⠪ɁSG ᩑᄡ࠺⡎ ॒ `aḡ ᮁ⩶᮹ ᜾ᔾĥᱩ✚ᖒ ᯱഭॅᮥ ࠥ⇽⦹ŁSG ᯕॅ ᯱഭᨱ qࠦᇥඹʑჶ᮹ ⦹ӹᯙ z}t

ᮥ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ ᔩಽᬕ sjG ᯱഭෝ ᔑ⇽⦹ᩡ݅ OmUG YPUG ᯕভSG qࠦᇥඹʑჶᮥ ᯕᬊ⦽ Ųᩎ᮹ ḡ໕⦝ᅖ ᇥ ඹෝ ᭥⦽ ⬩ಉᯱഭಽ pniwSG |tG ၰ tvkpzG sjᯱഭ᮹ እƱđŝෝ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅UG ᷪSG bb ݅ෙ ᯦ಆᯱ

ഭ᪡ ᇥඹᮁ⩶ ၰ ᇥඹႊჶᮥ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ ᔑ⇽⦽ b ᯱഭᨱᕽ ✚ᱶ ḡᱱᮥ ࠺ᯝ⦽ ᮁ⩶ᮝಽ ᇥඹ⧩݅໕

⧕ݚ ḡᩎ᮹ ᇥඹa ᱶ⪶⦽ äᮝಽ aᱶ⧁ ᙹ ᯩŁSG ᯕෝ ⬩ಉᯱഭಽ ⪽ᬊ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅UG ḡ໕⦝ᅖ ᇥඹa

G PG ᯱഭෝᔑ⇽⦹ŁSG ⩥ᰆš⊂ᯱഭෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍᇥඹᱶ⪶ࠥෝá᷾⦹ᩡ݅U

TG GZXG GT

(4)

Fig. 2. Block-dirgram for the land cover classification over East-Asian region using support vector machine.

rsjY᪡ }ᖁ⦽ shp᮹ ᱢᬊᨱ ঑௝ [G aḡ ᮁ⩶᮹ ၝqࠥᝅ⨹ᮥ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩡ݅UG ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õᮥ ᱽ

᫙⦽ ༉ु ᖅᱶᮡ ʑᔢℎ ⩥ᨦ༉ߙ OshtXYPG ᖅᱶᮥ ᵡᬊ⦹ᩡᮝ໑SG b ĥᱩᨱ ঑௝ X}ᬵ OᅥSG aᮥSG ĉᬙPG ၰ Y}ᬵ Oᩍ෥PG ࠺ᦩ᮹ ༉᮹ᝅ⨹ᮥ ᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅UG b ༉᮹ᝅ⨹ᮡ XYG G ᙹ⠪⧕ᔢࠥ᮹ \[W읦[ZYG ĊᯱSG Z_G TG ಽǍᖒ⦹ᩡᮝ໑SG ๅᯝWW|{j᪡XY|{jᨱ^Y᜽eᩩᅕෝᙹ⧪⦽݅UG {G X

ᮡၝqࠥᝅ⨹ᮥ᭥⦽|t᮹༉ߙᖅᱶᮥᱶญ⦽äᯕ݅U

Contents Descriptions

Model Unified Model (UM_lam12) - limited area model H/V grid spacing 12 km (540 × 432), 38 eta-theta layer (top : 39 km) Initial and boundary data from Global model (UM) - every 6hour

Land surface process ڗړڝڙ MOSES II non-local scheme

Radiation SW: ڗڎڜڙ General 2-stream radiation code LW: ڗڎڜڙ General 2-stream LW radiation code Large scale precipitation ڗڎڞڙ Improved microphysics scheme

Convection ڗڏڜڙ Previously known as CMODS Cloud scheme ڗڍڜڙ Standard scheme

Table 1. Model configurations of UM for the sensitivity test.

ၝqࠥ ᝅ⨹ᮡ {G Yᨱ ᱶญ⦽ ၵ᪡ zᯕ sj᪡ shp᮹ ᱢᬊᨱ ঑௝SG pniwG sj᪡ ʑ᳕ shpෝ ᱢᬊ

⦽ Ƚᵡᝅ⨹ Oj{ysPSG }ᖁ⦽ shpෝ ᱢᬊ⦽ ushpG OG G G PSG rsjYෝ ᱢᬊ⦽ usjlG

TG GZYG GT

(5)

OG G PG ၰ shp᪡ sjෝ ༉ࢱ ᄡĞ⦽ uszlG OG G G P᮹ [G aḡ ᝅ⨹

ᮝಽ ᙹ⧪⦹ᩍSG ᱥℕ ༉᮹ᝅ⨹᮹ ⬀ᙹ۵ ᧞ XYWW⫭ᯕ݅ OY⫭OXᯝPG 읦G [G ၝqࠥᝅ⨹ 읦G ZWᯝ 읦G \}ᬵ

dG XYWWPU

Experiment LAI LC

CTRL old MODIS IGBP

NLAI new MODIS IGBP

NLCE old MODIS KLC_v2.1

NLSE new MODIS KLC_v2.1

Table 2. Experimental design according to the application of the LC and LAI.

Āę

ᅙ ᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ ↽ɝ \֥᮹ tvkpzG shpSG ↽ɝ Z֥᮹ tvkpzG uk}pG ၰ pniwSG |tSG tvkpzG sjᯱഭ

᪡ qࠦᇥඹʑჶ᮹ ⦹ӹᯙ z}tᮥ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥ ḡᩎ᮹ ḡ໕ᔢ┽ᱶᅕ ᯱഭ OsjSG shpPෝ }ᖁ⦹

ŁSG |t᮹ ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õᮝಽ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õ᮹ }ᖁᯕ |t᮹ ࠺ᦥ᜽ᦥḡᩎ ݉ʑᩩᅕᨱ ၙ⊹۵

ᩢ⨆ᮥ ᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅UG uk}p᪡ shp᮹ }ᖁᨱ۵ ᜾ᔾᄡ࠺᮹ ᜽․Ŗe ᩑᗮᖒᮥ ᯕᬊ⦽ ᅕᱶʑჶᮥ }ၽ⦹

ᩍ ᱢᬊ⦹ᩡᮝ໑SG }ᖁࡽ sjG ᯱഭᯙ rsjYG ᔑ⇽ᨱ۵ }ᖁ⦽ uk}pಽᇡ░ ᔑ⇽⦽ ᜾ᔾ᮹ ĥᱩᄡ࠺✚

ᖒ ᯱഭ᪡ pniwSG |tG ၰ tvkpzG sjG ᯱഭ᮹ እƱđŝ ၰ z}tᮥ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅UG ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õᯕ |t᮹

༉᮹ᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆ᮥ ᇥᕾ⦹ʑ ᭥⦽ ၝqࠥ ᝅ⨹ᨱ۵ |tG Łᮁ᮹ ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õᮥ ᱢᬊ⦽ Ƚᵡᝅ⨹ᮥ

እ೐⦹ᩍ shp᪡ sjG ᯱഭෝ bb ݅෕í ᱢᬊ⦽ ၝqࠥ ᝅ⨹ᮥ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩍ [G ᳦ඹ᮹ ᝅ⨹ᮥ b ĥᱩᄥಽ

ᙹ⧪⦹ᩍ᧞XYWW⫭᮹༉᮹ᝅ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅UG

᜽․Ŗeᩑᗮᖒᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍᅕᱶ⦽uk}p᪡shp᮹Ŗeᇥ⡍እƱෝ☖⧕Ⅹʑ⧊ᖒᯱഭᨱӹ┡ԍ޹

đ⊂॒ᱡ⣩ḩ⪵ᗭॅᯕ᯹ᅕᱶࡽäᮥ⪶ᯙ⦹ᩡ݅UG ⪵ᗭ݉᭥᮹ĥᱩᄡ࠺ᇥᕾO Pᨱᕽࠥ᪅

ᩝᨱ ᮹⧕ ᜽e ᩑᗮᖒᯕ đᩍࡽ ⪵ᗭ᮹ ┱ḡ᪡ ᅕᱶᯕ ᱶᔢᱢᮝಽ ᙹ⧪ࡹᨕ ᜽eᱢ ᩑᗮᖒᮥ wࠥಾ

ᅕᱶࡽäᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅UG

⩥ᰆš⊂ᯱഭෝ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ rsjYෝ á᷾⦽ đŝ ᇥඹᱶ⪶ࠥ۵ ^^UZLᯕ໑SG ✚⯩ ⅩḡSG ׮ḡSG ࠥ᜽

ၰ Ӻᩞ⪽ᩞᙹฝ᮹ᇥඹᱶ⪶ࠥa ׳ᮡäᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅UG pniwSG |tG ၰtvkpzG sj᮹ ᇥඹᱶ⪶ࠥ۵

bb ]ZLSG \^LG ၰ _WLಽ ⪶ᯙࡹᨩ݅UG tvkpz᮹ ᇥඹᱶ⪶ࠥa rsjYᨱ እ⧕ ׳í ӹ┡ԍḡอSG Ŗ eᇥ⡍ෝ ☖⧕ ⪶ᯙ⦽ đŝSG tvkpz۵ ⦽ၹࠥෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ ࠥ᜽ᩢᩎᮥ ݅ෙ ᯱഭᨱ እ⧕ Y႑ᯕᔢ ŝݡ

⦹íᇥඹ⦽ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅UG ŖeᱢᮝಽpniwSG |tSG tvkpzG ၰ rsjY᮹ sjG ᮁ⩶ᮡ ᵝಽ ᵲǎԉ ᇡḡᩎŝ อᵝḡႊ ॒ᨱᕽ aᰆ ⓑ ₉ᯕෝ ᅕᩡᮝ໑SG ᯕ۵ sjG ᇥඹᨱ ᔍᬊࡹ۵ ᯦ಆᯱഭ᮹ ⣩ḩᯕ a ᰆᵲ᫵⧉ᮥ᮹ၙ⦽݅UG

ḡ໕Ğĥ᳑Õ }ᖁᨱ ঑ෙ ၝqࠥᝅ⨹ ᵲSG j{ysŝ ushpᨱᕽ ᵲǎ ԉᇡḡᩎ᮹ ⪽ᩞᙹฝ ᱱᮁᮉᯕ

W～YWLᯙ ၹ໕SG usjl᪡ uszlᨱᕽ۵ \W～^WLಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅UG ⦽⠙SG อᵝḡᩎᨱᕽ۵ j{ys᮹ ⋉ᩞᙹฝ

ᱱᮁᮉᯕ ᧞]WLᯙߑၹ⧕uszlᨱᕽ۵ WLᨱaʾíɪq⦹ᩡ݅UG ᯕࢱḡᩎᮥ ᵲᝍᮝಽshp᪡Ñ⋁

ʑʙᯕࠥ᷾aੱ۵qᗭ⦹ᩡ݅UG

TG GZZG GT

(6)

⪽ᩞᙹฝᯕ Ⓧí ᷾a⦽ ᵲǎ ԉᇡḡᩎᨱᕽ۵ Ñ⋁ʑʙᯕa ᧞ WU_G tG ᷾a⦹ᩡŁSG ᦭ᄁࠥa qᗭ⦹

໕ᕽ ḡ⢽໕᪉ࠥ۵ ᧞ X℃ ᔢ᜚⦹ᩡ݅UG ᙽᅖᔍᗮᮡ ᧞ XWG ~V^YO]LPG ᷾a⦹ᩡŁSG ⩥ᩕᗮ᮹ እᮉᯕ

ZWLG ᷾a⦽äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅UG Ñ⋁ʑʙᯕ᮹᷾aᨱ঑௝ᯕḡᩎᨱᕽԉ࠺⣮ᯕᩢ⨆ᮥၼᦥ⣮ᗮᯕq ᗭ⦹Ñӹ⣮⨆ᯕᄡĞࡹ۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅UG

⋉ᩞᙹฝ᮹ ᱱᮁᮉᯕ Ⓧí qᗭ⦽ อᵝḡᩎᨱᕽ۵ Ñ⋁ʑʙᯕa ᧞ WU]G tG qᗭ⦹ᩡŁSG ḡ⢽໕᪉ࠥ۵

᧞ WU\～X℃ qᗭ⦹ᩡ݅UG ⋉ᩞᙹฝᯕ qᗭ⧉ᨱ ঑௝ ᦭ᄁࠥa ᷾a⧩ʑ ভྙᯕ໑SG ᯕ ḡᩎᨱᕽ ᙽᅖᔍ ᗮᮡ]G ~V^YO\LPG qᗭ⦹ᩡŁSG⩥ᩕᗮ᮹እᮉᯕZ^LG qᗭ⦹ᩡ݅UG

|t᮹ ᬵ⠪Ɂ ᯝvᙹᮉ OV Pෝ nwjw᪡ እƱ⦽ đŝSG |tᮡ ^ᬵ᮹ ᬵ⠪Ɂ ᯝvᙹᮉᮥ nwjwᨱ

እ⧕ ᱥၹᱢᮝಽ WU\～YV G ᱢí ༉᮹⦹۵ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍᮝ໑SG Ŗeᱢᮝಽ۵ ⦽ၹࠥෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

ᕽ἞᮹vᙹݡෝᝅᱽᅕ݅ᇢ἞ᮝಽ⊹ᬑ⊹í༉᮹⦹۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅UG _ᬵᨱࠥᱥၹᱢᮝಽvᙹᮉᮥ

ᱢí ༉᮹⦹ᩡᮝӹSG vᙹݡ᮹ ᭥⊹۵ ᱥℕᱢᮝಽ nwjw᪡ ᮁᔍ⦽ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅UG mUG Zᮡ _ᬵ ⠪Ɂ

⦽ j{ysŝ uszl᮹ ⠙₉ෝ ӹ┡ԙ äᮝಽSG ḡ⢽໕᪉ࠥ OrPSG ᯝvᙹᮉ OV PSG ᙽᅖᔍ ၰ ⩥ᩕᗮ

O~V^YPᮥbbӹ┡ԙäᯕ݅UG

a) b)

c) d)

Fig. 3. Spatial distribution of the differences between CTRL and NLSE for a) land surface temp., b) rainfall rate, c) net radiation and d) sensible heat flux, respectively.

mUG [۵ ^ᬵŝ _ᬵ᮹ ʑ᪉á᷾ đŝಽSG ⠙ᯕ᮹ ᩩᅕ᜽eᄥ ᇥ⡍ෝ ӹ┡ԙ äᯕ݅UG ԉ⦽ ^]} ḡᱱ

ḡᔢš⊂ᯱഭෝ ᯕᬊ⦽ á᷾đŝSG vᙹపᮡ b ᝅ⨹ᄥ ⠙₉a Ñ᮹ ᨧ۵ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍᮝӹSG ʑ᪉ᮡ

usjl᪡uszlᨱᕽĥᱩŝ༉᮹᜽eᨱšĥᨧᯕ⠙ᯕOPa᧞X^LG qᗭ⦽äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅UG G

TG GZ[G GT

(7)

Fig. 4. Comparison of the Bias of the simulated temperature (1.5m) on July (left) and August (right).

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