Remediation System Using the Chemical Treatment Process Including DAF(Dissolved air Flotation) for a Contaminated Groundwater
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전체 글
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(4) , . 1. 2. Remediation System Using the Chemical Treatment Process Including DAF (Dissolved air Flotation) for a Contaminated Groundwater Joohyeong Son1, Sanghwa Lee1, Hyunmin Kang2, Minhee Lee2* and SangYong Chung2 1. Munhyun District Environmental Remediation Site, Korea Agricultural & Rural Infrasturcture Corporation, Pusan, 608-040, Republic of Korea 2 Department of Environmental Geosciences, Pukyong National University, 599-1 Daeyondong, Namgu, Pusan, 608-737, Republic of Korea. . . .&, 7895 / , $ / 2Z = H6 7 : 01/23 % 6 % 6 B P(_ I, 2001; I, 2001; P I, 1999), ; _` ¡%& _` @ = @, 5 ¢ : ( £N _` 5 ( ¤% e@x ¥¦ §@M. ;¨ @ . 5 ( ¤B <5 ©, R nª%&, h 789("# «)-. _`a _` ¡5 _` @ = (\ B]O = ¬B6 . qr% 5b L-.&, _` @ = H6 5 ® % 7¯@° (± ²³ : ´ µ= ; @*² @, ¶P · 5 ¸PM.. !, "# $ !%& ' ()* +, -., /. 01/234% 56 789 : BOD;<, 5 pH= >?@, 7 4, A(CN ), 6B C D(Cr ), E, FG = H6 /4 IJ KL 6M(, 1995; NO , 1998). PQ6 . RS%&, PT 1980U VW $ != XY 2Z : @ % ()* + M(Domenico and Schwartz, 1990). , [ , (\ B]O4(DAF : Dissolved air flotation) /. ^-. _`a 5 = Hb (@, c d4-., e7P f c e7 P g ^(h )P *]Oi%& c% Ka. = ]% jZk Tl6 dmJ nop , qrJ s@t&, e7P u _`cP vt -. Ow@, = P(@x c ^J k @, d4PM(yz{|, 2001; P}o I, 2000). (\ B]O4 /. ~h ; $ , /^J (@, $ , { $ % P()YM. R %& @ a c / 5 ( %& PY : -. +6. . . @ = Hb ¹ a _` , % H@, º > », / _` _` ¡% ¼}½-. \¾@, h("# ¿À h) «(Pb)-. _`a £NP, £N o Oi, Á O.W ¥ÂÃ, ÄÅà ÆÃP Ç)Y È , É £NÃ(/ _` £NÃ), @O Ê£Ã, A Ë Ì Ë-. PYÍ+M(Rd, 1999). _ ` ¡5 @ o K= > @ H@x Î 18Ï5 Ð J ¢@ÑM. 3Ï5 Ð %& h5. *Corresponding author: [email protected]. 581.
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(6) Concentration of TPH and Pb in groundwater at qr5 P, ã H 5 "o MÙ äM.. the contaminated site. Monitoring Well. TPH concentration (mg/L). Pb concentration (mg/L). W1 W2 W3. 7.2 8.0 9.0. 4.3 4.0 4.0. ²hO(free phase)P ÒZ)Ó-, Ô Õ Ð. %&Ö « ho ¨ TPH(Total petroleum hydrocarbon)B $ Z ×J ØL-.&, _ ` £N / @ B _`)Y +ÙJ Ú +ÓM. Table 1 _` ¡ @ 5 o ~ »PM. .
(7) . % (), 5 c / , Û µM, _`c "oP "o% ÜÝ J Þ(b& (@, @5 É qr-. ßàaM. · ¡5 _`c "o / J *á@x, _` @ = $ Zâ (× P@. @*² @Ñ-, (\ B]O >, 0>, 01>, pH> >= »É6 @5 . qrJ ßà@x, / _`c¨ @ ²h O : (ba h_`c 789("# «)J ;<@ ÑM. Fig. 1 · % (a @ . 1 >, = Bå@H6 (@ )= Ä-, æ-., 20 m × 50 m × 5 m5 C5 çC Æ >c. ¢)Y +- 1 (è é 50 ton P M. O : @% êëPB ¢)Y +-, @ ê ëP, %& @ Lì hí), £ : e7 P f cîJ 1ï-. 23p, ¡ðJ @ O êëP, hc : h5 PåJ ;Y@, ¡ð J 6M. · _` ¡5 @ , @ / ñ^ d ¨ &ò5 @ó = 7ô-. õ 2 m, öP 4 m, ÷P 50 m }Ä5 @ ø ( Æù= ¢@x ï16 ®, N úû= P(@x Gü 10 m 5 @ = 1 >% híýM. 1 >% Ĩ @ , 1 > tH% ¢a Floating Oil Skimmer= (@ x a ®, OÃ5 cP 0>. På)YþM. . 3. 01 01(coagulation) 0»(flocculation)5 ÿ . ),, 01 Õ 3b ` (salt)% 56 í²î5 ¼A (destabilization)-. & ¼A a í²îP ÁØ. &. @° ), >gP, 0» `o5 M 89`% 5b ¼A a í²îJ &. p° @ Hb &&# < Y/Y 23@, (floc)J no@, >g . A unit treatment system to remediate contaminated groundwater at the site..
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(10) 583 PM. · 5 0>, _` @ 7% Lh Jar test. Properties of contaminated groundwater used in )Y +, .P
(11) Oi5 ¼ cJ NaOH= ¬B@ Conductivity Turbidity COD x pH= ` Oi. > 6 MÙ, 01;¨ PAC pH (µs/cm) (Degree) (ppm) (polycholoro aluminum : `ÚT)= ¬B@x Tested 7.75 1,780 1,660 266 í²= C° ° L-.& 23J (P@° @ÑM. groundwter Õ 6 G G-. hí), @ 5 hc Results for PAC injection amount decision in Jar (SS : suspended solid)5 Ö N, pH= ~@x, test. @, @ >%& Jar Test= @x Test item Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 ?6 0> ßà d4J ¹|L-.&, 01 J Injected concentration of ð +Ö @ÑM. 60 80 100 120 PAC (ppm) . . 01>, 01µ>;= ¬B@x 01>%& no a í² »É@x C* <ß -. ok 2 GJ @ H6 .&, oa P Y Ö @ H@x 5 39Ö= 9-. @x ß3@, @ hí 7% é è /í% 5b Õ è5 01µ>;B 9-. /í)Ö @ÑM. 01µ>;, 01;5 01 J Bp H@x (@, ¶-. · %&, Ô(Polymer)= (@Ñ,, Ô, 3@% Ü Ý Ùo, No y * Nòo(Polya- mphoteric)-. ) ²èP f ho Éo .& c% (b@ t *Ö. P )*, ÜÝ& .P
(12) 3@, Ô 3@% 5b 7)Y * ²¨ ÔB .P
(13) G% Bg(J b& .P
(14) 0»J !p ° 6M. "É pH 01;5 NJ Á@ H @x Jar test= @x ß3 Á >J ¹|@ x % (@ÑM. ; _` %& ø #6 _` @ 7%& Á* Ö% bü) , = Jar test . (@ÑM. 500 ml eP$% ³ 500 ml= øß ®, PAC / í ® 150 rpm-. 1 G %9 @Ñ-, * ² 01;(polymer) &í ® 150 rpm-. 1 G 6 ® M 50rpm-. 3 G @ÑM. ³= ' ® 01o : _`c ;< J Ð @ ÑM. Table 2, 5 oOJ È , Table 3, 0>% &ía PAC 5 Á &íè. Injected concentration of polymer (ppm) 1 (model: A-101) Reaction rate order 3 Floc size (D) D4 Turbidity of treated water 5.5 COD (ppm) of treated water 15.6. .
(15) . . 1. 1. 1. 2 D5. 1 D5. 1 D5-6. 4.2 14.2. 3.8 14.2. 3.6 10.2. Results for the best polymer type decision in Jar. test. Test item. Test 1. Test 2. Test 3 Test 4. PAC (ppm) 100 100 100 100 Polymer type PA-333A PA-300 PA-600 A-101 Polymer injection 1 1 1 1 concentration (ppm) Floc creation order 3 2 1 2 D4-5 D5 D5 Floc size (D) D4-5 Turbidity of treated 2.5 3.2 1.0 3.8 water COD (ppm) of treated 12.4 12.4 10.2 14.2 water. J H6 Jar test »P*, Table 4, 0 1>% &ía * ² 01;5 (= ¹|@ H 6 »= È)M. H ä Jar test 5 J s@x 01;¨ PAC Polymer5 &í èJ ¹ @Ñ-, PQ6 »% Ø@x ßàa 0> 01>5 Á û.y* J Table 5% È ÓM. ;. %&, Pî Jar test NJ ×-. @x % ÜÝ >8+ > @ t& 9¨ = @ÑM.. Results for the best operation program and removal efficiency.. Selected program PAC polymer (PA-600). Injection concentration (ppm) 80~100 1~2. Floc size (Dmm). Removal efficiency of turbidity. D5. 99.9% (1,660 1.0). . Removal efficiency of COD (ppm). . 96.2% (2261 0.2).
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(18) (\ B]O % ],J B@° )t. B c% K ), PîP ]-. -¡ 4½% ÜÝ ²h%.5 = Á @ Hb Tl6 dmJ no@, = P( 6 ¶-., 5 ¦ $ _`c¨ h % ± +, Tl6 K= no'M. · %&, STOKE'S 4½% 5@x hí @ Tl6 K= /k, _`c(/. h o )% KB )° @*, »-. O) , K5 h e7P 0)Y Ow9Ö= B p1. _`c¨ h P vt-. 23Ý ) , J P(@ÑM. hía _` @ = 0 > 01>= spt& J no6 ®, O> @5 ],4C%& K' = Ïd O>. µ Y ]% jZ5-.& *nc 6 í² /% Tl6 KB no)Ö @x *ncJ vt-. Op P= SKIMMER. ;<@ÑM. _` @ 5 7Q 23J @° @*, @ 5 OÃt% noa q8(SCUM)5 ;< J O9 +Ö @H@x, O>5 OÃt% no), q8J µM f:-. ºY Ö q8 qpÔ5 ¢ ãÖ= 35 4¹ d ãÖ. ;Y° L-.& q85 Z J µM O9 +J <= >?Ý, B] B < s% %± @ $ , AÖ. híB >m Q jC5 DEF% DE@t& dmJ / p° L-.& dm5 no J OpÖ ;g)ÓM. . Sludge concentration tank (right) and dewatering filter press (left).. Injection tanks containing each treatment material.. >, B]O>%& GY Y q8 : @ %& ¨/6 7Q= @, .& q8 = P(b HPC. =îY& $@ÑM. Fig. 2, 7Q > = µx×M.. _` @ , 789 J KP Hb pH 9 . > @x 0>, 01>, B]O>= <L _ @
(19) % 5 pH= M 7o-. =îY /, ¡ðP
(20) M¯@M. Fig. 3 ã 4C% / í), é 4C5 ÄNJ µx×M.. > >, Ú o5 $ = pH 7 Ö5 7o. > @, 4C.&, 0> 01>= <t& Ba 5 pHB 7o-. )Y ZaM. · % ¢a pH> >, Ú o¨ = 7 p H@x Id úû.W JP %± +, P ¢)Y +-, JP D # "ɱ +Ö 4CO%, B ¢)Y +M. hía. %& _` @ = @ Hb (a ( \ B]O = ¬B6 qr5 ß3 NJ è-. &´@t MÙ ä M. PQ6 ß3 >J · N-. @x ;. %&, _` "o% ÜÝ éG5 O5 ¨ nJ @x, _` 5 @ = 9 -. @ÑM. µM ²l6 qr5 ß3 . . pH. .
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(23) 585 -. 15-40 min)J h@ÑM. O>5 t N yz{O(2001)%& PJ +M. @è 46-107 m /m Rday PÑM. (1) qr5 (è 0>, 01>, pH > >5 (è Äÿ 1.5 (3) é &xè > m × 1.5 m × 1.5 m(3.4 m )-. h ( 2.9 m P PAC5 /íè µs 50-200 ppm(ST100 ppm)P , O>, 7.2 m P*, h ( 5.7 m PM. Ñ-, polymer, 0.5-1.5 ppm(ST1.0 ppm)J /í hí è 5-10 m /hr P, Q è(B] è) @ÑM. BoM(NaOH) J(H SO ) pH% Ü hí è5 é 20-40%= h@ÑM. Ý ²å-. &í)1. &íè % ÜÝ B (2) G PÑ-, 0>%&, BoM : PAC /í@ ã qr5 G 0>, 01>, pH t& 180 rpm5 %9 P PYþ-, 01>% > >5 ¦ µs 17.4-34.8 min(Õ -. 15 -30 &, polymerB /í)t& 60 rpm5 U9 P P min h)PÑ-, O>5 ¦ 24.2-56.2 min(Õ YþM. 3. 3. 2. 3. 3. 3. 3. 2. Wastewater discharge concentration. 4. limit (WWDL) (Water Quality Preservation Regulation, 2001). Item. pH. SS (mg/L). BOD (mg/L). COD (mg/L). n-hexane extraction concentration (mg/L). Pb (mg/L). Limit range or concentration. 5.88.5. 120. 120. 130. 5. 1. Concentration of pollutants in groundwater before and after the treatment system (IW: original goundwater, TW: treated groundwater)..
(24) . Item Date (Y/M/D) (01/9/20) (01/9/22) (01/9/24) (01/9/26) (01/9/28) (01/10/4) (01/10/6) (01/10/9) (01/10/11) (01/10/13) (01/10/22) (01/10/27) (01/10/29) (01/10/31) (01/11/2) (01/11/5) (01/11/7) (01/11/9) (01/11/12) (01/11/14) (01/11/16) (01/11/19) (01/11/21) (01/11/23) (01/11/26) (01/11/28) (01/11/30) (01/12/3) (01/12/5) (01/12/7). pH. SS (mg/L). BOD (mg/L). COD (mg/L). n-hexane extraction (mg/L). Pb (mg/L). IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. 7.09 6.94 6.84 6.91 6.82 6.77 6.88 6.74 6.67 6.86 7.01 6.93 6.84 7.09 6.88 6.98 7.13 6.88 6.24 6.72 6.74 6.87 6.91 6.76 6.88 6.86 6.88 6.98 6.89 7.01. 6.69 6.89 6.62 6.53 6.56 6.62 6.89 6.74 7.01 7.12 6.78 6.81 6.98 6.95 6.74 7.11 6.62 7.10 6.19 6.23 6.64 6.33 6.54 6.55 7.00 6.77 6.74 6.88 6.76 6.84. 299.5 364.2 521.4 344.2 326.4 333.4 402.1 266.9 308.4 388.4 413.2 302.6 266.4 520.3 483.7 325.7 421.6 355.8 205.4 619.3 378.4 320.8 344.5 266.8 288.4 315.8 344.7 304.7 369.7 321.6. 31.9 32.3 39.2 41.4 44.5 39.2 35.1 29.4 36.4 39.1 41.2 22.5 30.4 84.0 37.8 41.3 40.5 33.3 31.2 32.9 42.9 43.7 35.4 36.2 33.6 33.7 34.8 26.8 29.8 29.6. 6.6 7.4 4.2 5.1 5.8 6.9 5.4 4.1 7.3 5.4 6.4 7.2 6.9 7.1 5.7 6.4 7.3 4.4 3.4 4.1 6.2 6.9 6.7 4.6 4.7 6.9 5.9 4.8 6.4 6.1. 1.6 2.6 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.6 1.7 0.9 1.4 2.2 0.9 2.1 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.1 1.6 2.3 1.4 1.8 2.2 1.9. 12.6 14.4 10.6 8.8 16.3 16.4 11.1 11.9 14.5 12.6 13.9 16.9 15.2 14.8 12.4 13.5 13.9 8.8 7.2 7.8 13.9 13.4 13.5 10.1 9.2 14.5 13.2 10.6 14.7 12.3. 7.2 10.1 6.8 5.1 8.4 7.8 6.6 7.0 7.9 9.1 8.4 9.6 5.4 8.4 10.1 5.6 7.7 4.9 5.0 6.1 8.4 6.9 7.8 5.6 6.1 8.9 7.6 6.1 7.9 7.6. 4.2 6.9 5.1 3.5 4.7 5.8 3.6 3.7 4.9 5.8 6.4 3.9 4.1 0.7 5.1 3.6 0.7 1.2 2.3 6.2 6.6 5.1 4.8 3.9 4.1 5.2 5.3 6.4 8.8 6.3. 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 1.2 2.1 1.1. 0.99 1.26 1.22 0.87 0.98 1.23 1.54 0.45 0.69 0.96 0.87 1.65 0.98 1.77 0.87 1.23 1.33 1.45 0.69 0.85 1.77 2.11 1.31 1.05 0.87 1.52 1.24 1.45 2.31 2.14. 0.17 0.14 0.24 0.26 0.19 0.12 0.25 0.09 0.18 0.22 0.21 0.28 0.21 0.24 0.14 0.17 0.11 0.26 0.14 0.07 0.23 0.13 0.24 0.08 0.15 0.17 0.21 0.32 0.24 0.44.
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(27) . Continued.. Item Date (Y/M/D) (01/12/10) (01/12/12) (01/12/14) (01/12/17) (01/12/19) (01/12/21) (01/12/24) (01/12/26) (01/12/28) (02/1/2) (02/1/4) (02/1/7) (02/1/10) (02/1/14) (02/1/17) (02/1/21) (02/1/24) (02/1/28) (02/1/31) (02/2/4) (02/2/7) (02/2/14) (02/2/18) (02/2/21) (02/2/25) (02/2/28) (02/3/11) (02/3/14) (02/3/18) (02/3/4) (02/3/7) (02/3/21) (02/3/25) (02/3/28) (02/4/3) (02/4/6) (02/4/9) (02/4/12) (02/4/17) (02/4/20) (02/4/24) (02/4/27) (02/5/03) (02/5/7) (02/5/10) (02/5/13) (02/5/20) (02/5/24) (02/5/30) (02/6/4) (02/6/12) (02/6/25) (02/6/28). pH. SS (mg/L). BOD (mg/L). COD (mg/L). n-hexane extraction (mg/L). Pb (mg/L). IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. IW. TW. 7.06 7.04 7.01 7.02 6.99 6.98 6.97 7.06 6.99 6.94 6.98 7.04 6.92 6.88 7.05 7.33 7.25 7.19 7.15 7.09 7.13 7.27 7.33 7.15 7.20 7.20 7.18 7.26 7.47 7.21 7.25 7.19 7.15 7.32 7.74 7.96 8.24 6.96 5.44 7.65 7.75 7.84 7.72 7.26 8.78 7.62 7.72 9.07 9.15 8.62 7.21 6.73 7.61. 7.23 7.12 7.24 6.98 7.21 7.01 7.11 7.05 7.03 6.88 7.11 6.98 6.99 7.12 7.74 6.86 7.05 7.14 7.32 7.35 7.76 6.99 7.04 7.22 7.34 7.05 7.01 7.55 7.50 7.22 7.15 7.37 7.00 7.46 7.23 7.09 7.23 7.38 7.13 7.35 7.11 7.26 7.24 7.83 7.35 6.80 7.58 7.37 7.85 6.82 7.22 6.63 6.97. 383.5 269.4 344.2 326.7 256.3 368.9 344.5 289.4 280.3 364.8 344.9 312.6 266.4 344.2 253.6 141.2 334.1 300.2 349.8 702.3 409.2 402.4 356.4 334.8 405.1 692.8 339.6 189.7 304.0 351.4 326.9 321.4 284.6 398.4 55.8 124.6 43.2 32.9 103.6 28.6 94.3 24.2 650.4 92.8 50.1 45.8 34.3 54.7 80.5 24.9 32.5 38.8 42.4. 23.6 21.4 18.8 20.1 19.2 23.6 16.2 18.4 21.3 20.6 18.4 22.9 18.5 22.4 33.7 22.6 40.5 38.8 42.5 79.9 50.2 47.8 43.4 41.9 48.5 78.2 42.1 26.7 38.8 41.5 39.9 39.1 35.9 45.9 23.7 36.6 22.3 26.4 17.8 18.4 31.7 18.8 39.1 3.7 22.4 19.8 10.2 31.1 26.6 22.3 29.1 24.5 25.6. 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.4 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.8 6.2 6.6 6.3 6.4 6.2 6.3 1.9 1.3 2.4 2.3 2.8 4.6 3.3 3.5 2.6 2.4 3.0 4.8 2.9 1.5 2.2 2.9 2.7 2.3 2.0 2.6 -. 5.4 5.2 5.2 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.6 4.4 5.1 5.9 5.2 5.0 4.6 4.8 1.4 0.9 2.1 1.8 2.2 3.8 2.8 2.9 2.3 2.1 2.7 3.7 2.4 0.9 1.8 2.4 2.5 1.7 1.5 2.1 -. 7.8 8.2 8.0 7.8 8.3 8.4 8.9 7.8 8.1 3.9 8.2 8.8 8.6 8.8 20.6 10.3 25.4 24.1 29.3 48.2 34.6 35.4 27.6 25.7 33.4 52.4 29.4 18.4 24.8 30.5 28.6 25.6 22.4 31.2 13.4 10.2 16.7 11.5 10.8 12.6 14.2 16.2 16.8 12.8 12.4 12.4 14.0 16.0 14.6 10.4 32.8 1480 844. 7.2 6.9 5.2 4.8 6.0 5.8 6.1 6.2 5.6 2.2 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.6 15.6 7.2 9.8 8.1 10.3 23.5 16.4 17.6 15.4 11.2 13.4 21.5 18.4 11.9 13.8 17.0 10.4 11.5 10.4 16.5 8.1 8.2 9.2 7.6 8.6 7.4 8.3 8.2 5.4 7.6 9.0 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.2 8.4 30.0 86.2 78.8. 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.3 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7 8.4 4.2 4.1 4.3 5.5 1.2 0.3 1.6 1.4 1.8 5.2 2.1 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.9 5.4 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.9 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.8 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.4 1.2 0.6 76.4 54.5. 3.3 2.1 2.2 2.9 2.4 3.0 2.0 2.4 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.6 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.7 3.9 3.2. 2.19 2.22 2.24 2.36 2.44 2.31 2.26 2.14 2.18 2.37 2.44 2.42 2.39 2.54 0.74 0.88 1.05 0.84 0.69 0.77 0.66 0.84 1.18 0.64 0.88 0.74 0.86 0.81 0.61 0.68 0.75 1.13 0.87 0.68 0.08 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.00 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.18 0.02 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.08. 0.32 0.21 0.41 0.31 0.39 0.24 0.21 0.29 0.16 0.21 0.28 0.19 0.21 0.19 0.08 0.10 0.33 0.12 0.09 0.10 0.08 0.12 0.21 0.09 0.12 0.08 0.13 0.13 0.05 0.09 0.06 0.39 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.06 0.06.
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(30) 587 å% -. ð +Ö @ÑM. @ 5 BOD COD, Z â( ×(120 ppm 130 ppm) · _` ¡5 @ , _` ¡ åò% H6 µM bc u 10-50 ppm dH= È Ó*, @ó-. ñV* +,, @ / På d% \¾ ® Ö, Á* 20 ppm P@( 10 ppm P@). @, @ó5 P ô@° _`)Y $ Zâ( Zâ(×% eb ¥¦ u Ö= hð + ×J Ø@1., _`¡5 @ = · = ÓM. BOD COD, Äÿ hcJ È , v. P(@x $ Zâ(× P@. 6 ® åò5 & 5 o% ÜÝ åP +J +-, · _ @ó-. Z@ÑM. Table 6 º > » ` @ 5 ¦ × µM ¥¦ u e%& å ¡ @ *Ö. \¾ð BWoP K _` P ÕY* +Ù Ú +ÓM. _` @ 5 n-Y c5 $ Z â(= È , @ ZZ c $ Z â( ר 5 ppmJ éG ~ » PQ6 X¸ 7%& hc(SS : Suspended X, ¶-. È B M¯6 ¶-. È[M. = <L a , 5 ¦ 2 solid), n-Y ZZc, «P Z â( ×= Ø ppm P@= È ÓM(Fig. 5). ÜÝ& _` @ @, ¶-. È[M. (ba ho J ;<@, ;< , hí), DAF= KL@, qr-. _` ¡ @ = @Ñ-, _` 5 Ø n-Y c Ö ² B u>& 5 Æù%& 1 >. hí), @ t%& f = µP f@* +, ¶-. È qrJ <L a = / 2 ~@ [-, Äÿ Zâ(× P@ Ö. uZ x 2001U 9\W 2002U 6\] Ä?W^J +ÓM. · _`¡ äP _` @ 5 h _ @ÑM. Ä?W^ G åA ~)Y @ 5 X¸A Ö, Table 7% È+M. · _` ¡ @ 5 pH, Zâ( × (5.8-8.5) P@. È[-, ® 5 pH, 6.0 8.0 P= È_-.& 6 pH= h 9 +, ¶-. È[M. _` @ 5 hc Ö, $ Zâ(×= Á* 5 PO Ø @Ñ-, ® é 50 ppm P@5 u Ö= hL-.& -. )ÓÙJ `¨ ð +ÓM(Fig. 4). · _`¡ äP }Ä5 TI > ¢B ¼BW6 æ%&, hí), 5 hc 5 N åP a +-1., qrßà²B Comparison of n-hexane extracted material concen JJ 9-. 0@x SS5 tration of treated water (TW) and original groundwater . (IW).. Comparison of SS (Suspended solid) concentration of treated water (TW) and original groundwater (IW).. Comparison of Pb concentration of treated water (TW) and original groundwater (IW)..
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(32) ` ÖB K æ%&, n-Y ZZc5 Ö 2001-041-D00261)% 5@x )ÓÙ. h = uZ H6 ® B M¯@ -, ® = 6
(33) *Ö5 n-Y ZZcJ KL@, @ 5 hí kl5 ô ²î%° 0
(34) zM. %, og : ÄÅ x ¢ I5 ® = ¢@,, qr5 nP M¯ð ¶ -. FaM. _` @ 5 « Ö, Á*B $ Z× â(5 é 2.5 Ö= µx/, 3 (1999)
(35) . , p. 417. -. â(= XÓ-, ® Ö= (2001) !" #$%& ' ()*+ 0.3 ppm P@. h9 +Y& 789, "# « &. p. 1-17. (2001) ,-). /01 283 % 6 ¥¦ K ¶-. È[M(Fig. ,-). 2 14 56 5. . 6). «J ;S6 È /¯ 789% 6 78 (1998) ,$9:, ;<=>, 499p. , AB, CD, EFG, CBH, ;A, CIJ, Ö e », «%& äP ¥¦ ?@ KLM (2001) LILN (B;OPQRIS T ¨ ¶-. È[M. U V UF W T< XY. Z T,, 34[, 573p. K0Y , [G\, CY , KY], K^, _G`, )ab, 3D8, ]ac (2000) ,T=>. dLe< f, 573p. Kgh, K8, 3ij (1999) $I2kLl mn o DAF= KL6 J P(@x h pUq TU , T6 , ' r sW T «-. _`a _` @ = $ Z < XYt uvw . Z T,, 32[, p. 611-631. â( ×-. P@. É@° ð +ÙJ Ò Bxy , K7z (2001) {Ll
(36) TN |}L~ @ÑM. · , ãã5 H J IS TU / Y- LlfM. Z -. »É@x, ;. Mè5 _` @ = @ T,, 34[, p. 461-470. (1995) B<=> 9, %=>9f , @5 ɨ J ßà@x, _` “{=s => f” 1%-&, Y @ = %& -. @ÑM, f 5T =>, p. 558. H.E., Huang, C.P., Bailey, G.W., Bowers, A.R. B +-, h-. _` @ 5 ¢ ß Allen, (1995) Metal speciation and contamination of soil à% ¨ ²³= ; ð +J ¶PM. Lewis Publishers, 3 p. 588. . . . P i
(37) 2001UÖ 6R´j¾5 (KRF-. Domenico, P.A. and Schwartz, F.W. (1990) Physical and chemical hydrogeology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 824p.. 11 8k , 2002 12 19k .. 2002.
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