Ɇছߨ
Ѐ܃ुۋ۹ۤॠČەəՙεر̎óࠑ܁ॠ϶٣֬À֟ۍѰࢹν1)εĵ߹ॣ˺قر̎ó
ɰΛìۍÀقʂॢȦۆÀ1990țʂܼъۋĶ܃ۺڷͿݕॱʼČەɰ. ইۦ1ėأşÂ (2008ț~2012ț)قۺڌʼČەəЀۦۆՙć܁ѪڹIPCC ş҆ۿŖѪڷͿԴ, ԓρҙЛۆ٣
֬À֟ۍѰࢹνۚՁ२ЀقԴЀۦε܃ٽॢড়սڙۍԓρԦćۆՙ۹ۤ͟Ѻজχںथ À·҃ČॠČەɰ. Ŕ͠ǣЀ܃ुڹێ܁şÂՙεѕॠݓ؍Č۹ۤॠəমęεÀݓČە ɰ. ۋ͠ॢমęəşѺজЛ܃قʂڿॣ˺قԓρę॥ƍܼڅॢًॣںսॱॠдͿ, ٣֬À
֟ć܁ۚՁߕćقۋεप॥ॠيآॢɰəۍ֩ॠقŔѓѪقʂॢȦۆÀć՚ʼČەɰ.
҆ČقԴə2009ț12ښقَοࡑङॠôşѺজɾԐĶߪধūݓۋΘرݕսঝʽЀ܃ु
ՙć܁ۆȦۆʴॳфॳۻϐ, ŔνČڍνۆʂڿقʂॠيČ३҃Čۙॢɰ.
սঝʽЀ܃ु(HWP, Harvested Wood Products)ڹԓρقԴսঝʼČÀėʽЀۦфЀ܃ु
ںࣀࠡॠ϶Àĵ, ०ࣺ, ऑ॒фܛۋΪ̚əٍΒۦˣۋۋقप॥ʽɰ. սঝʽЀ܃ुڹߒ ݫ, ۙߕͿԴՙ۹ۤČͿşɠॠČˆݫ, জԵٍΒεşъڷͿॢНݗфقȃݓεʂߕॠ ي٣֬À֟ѕں۹ÇॠيşѺজٰজقşيॢɰ.
սঝʽЀۦəɰتॢЀ܃ुڷͿѺঞʼČԦؙܳş(life-cycle)εࣀ३ՙ۹ۤ͟ۋѺজʽ ɰ. ԐڌսϼۋɰॢЀ܃ुڹۦটڌںࣀ३۹ۤ̚əʂߕমęεć՚ьॠČ, ߯ܛۺڷͿ əՙÁʼäǣϔςʽɰ. ՙÁʾąڍজԵٍΒεʂߕॠيَڙڷͿԐڌʼϸজԵٍΒٍՙق
˰δՙѕں۹ÇॠČ, ϔςʾąڍқ३εۤşÂݓٍॠيՙ۹ۤČͿԴۆًॣںݓ
՚ॠóʽɰ. Ѐ܃ुق۹ۤʽՙəʂşܼۆՙÀġ०Ձںࣀ३սЀقČ܁ʽìڷͿ, ĀĶ֨Âۋݓǫق˰͆ʂşͿʮ؉Âɰ. ĀęۺڷͿЀۦ܃ुقʂॢսڅۆѺজəݓĵۆ
ՙտঞęşѺজٰজقܼڅॢًॣںɺɾॢɰ.
HWPۆԐڌݒÀقʂॢۍՅ࣯ҵəİࢹۆ܁Դ(Kyoto Protocol)قؒ֨ۺڷͿप॥ʼؽɰ.
জԵٍΒεЀۦٍΒͿʂߕॠəìęقȃݓݚأۺۍНݗںЀݗćНݗͿʂߕॠəìں
ࣀॢۋԓজՙѕۆ۹ÇۋÀɠॠɰəǴڌۋɰ. Ŕ͠ǣİࢹۆ܁ԴقԴHWPۆՙ߹
ۺѺজəć܁ʼرەݓ؍ɰ. , IPCC ş҆ۿŖѪ(1996)قԴəԓρۆѧٮ॥ƍսЀۋ
ড়սॢՙÀϿ˃ѓʼəìڷͿۻ܃ॠČەڷ϶, Ѐ܃ुۆۤşÂقèࠚՙ۹ۤমęε
ۍ܁ॠČ ەݓ ؍ɰ. HWPۆ ՙć܁ प॥يҙə ݓ՚Àɠॢ ԓρąٖ(SFM, Sustainable Forest Management)ںࣀॢԓρ۹ۤČٮšн০ٍěʼرەر֪ܼॢۿŖфć܁ѪۆÒь ۋڅĵʽɰ.
1)٣֬À֟ѕڙںҙЛѻͿЀজ, ࣀćজ॥ڷͿ׆ۍÂটʴڷͿۍ३ѕʼəϿ˜٣֬À֟εࣷ
؊ॠيş, ԓ܁, ҃ČॠəߪĜۺۍ٣֬À֟ěν֨֟ࢰں̹ॢɰ.
ࡧ୍ୠୋܤীଭࡣ
սঝʽЀ܃ुۆՙć܁قʂ३IPCC Àۋ˚͆ۍقԴəԓρقԴԦԓʽЀۦٮ
şࢍцۋ١ϔ֟Àড়սॢϿ˜ՙÀԓρۋѧʼəŔ३قϿ˃ԓজʼəìڷͿ
À܁ॠČەɰ. ۋəϽϽےԓНقʂ३Դəϼі০ࣥοìۋǣşߣۺۍćԓںڦ ३ۺɾॠ϶҃սۺۍÀ܁ڷͿۍ֩ʼؽɰ. ۋəЀ܃ुۆ߹ۺۋʂҙқۆĶÀقԴ
ϔțࡾóݒÀॠݓ؍əɰəۍ֩قşߣॠČەɰ. ܼڅॢìڹʂşܼۆՙεտ
ড়սॠə߯ČۆݓशÀԓρ߹ۺۆտѺজۋݓ, ر̅ܳرݕ३قԦԓʽЀۦۆߪ
͟ۋ؉ɦ͆əʚەɰ.
սঝʽЀۦəÀėںäߝ߯ܛۺڷͿر̅Ԑڌ܃ुۋʼɗǽق˰͆Դ۹ۤʽ
ՙε܁ॢҼڱͿѓॠóʽɰ. दЀۦə҃ࣀ֨̚əսțǴقՙÁʼČ, ܛۋ܃ुڹʂÒ5țǴͿׇəɰ(ɰχ, ܛۋۆϔςڹ۹ۤʽՙεۤşÂ۹ۤॠə
ĀęεǣࢍǴşʪॠ϶, ĀĶقəϭ̚əێԓজՙۆͿѓॢɰ). ܃ۦЀڹ
100ț̚əŔۋԜۆşÂقèߝқ३ʽɰ. ۙٮÏڹԐ֬قҼࠀ, ԓρۆսঝڹ
χأѧʽЀۦÀæ߹ڌ܃ۦЀęÏۋԦؙܳşÀš܃ुڷͿԐڌʾ˺ՙۆ
տড়ս(net uptake)ͿۚڌॠČѧʽԓρۆۦԦۤڹԜʂۺڷͿӊ͆ݓóʽɰ.
ѧ·Àėʽۤ(ᮌ)սϼۆԞЀ܃ुڹܛܛşܕۆՙ۹ۤČ܃ुںİߕॠǣĀ ĶڹѣͲݓČԓজʽɰ. IPCCəۤşÂۆЀ܃ु۹ۤČÀ֬܃ۺڷͿݒÀॢɰəì ںݒϼॣսەəąڍقχսঝʽЀ܃ुۆՙ۹ۤমęεĶÀ٣֬À֟ۚՁЀ
قप॥ॣսەɰČॠٕɰ(Houghton et al., 1997).
คܤࡧ୪ඨ )81ଭ୨ଭ
սঝʽЀ܃ु(HWP, harvested wood products)ۋ͈ԓρقԴսঝʼČԓρшڷͿڏբʼر
ۦΒ̚əٍΒͿԐڌʼəϿ˜ЀۦşъНݗںϊॢɰ(IPCC, 2006). HWPۆܛΪقəڙ Ѐ, ऑ॒фܛۋΪ, ܃ۦЀ, ०ࣺ, MDF ˣःȇΪ, Àĵˣۋप॥ʽɰ. ѧʼؽڷǣԓρق
ǫûݕѧۛۦəHWPق३ɾʼݓ؍əɰ.
ॺࠨऀࢂীୠୋճࢫୠୋۇߚ
ֻࠨ1. AFOLU ծীܑࠝ
(ߌ: IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 4, chapter 2, page 2.8, Figure 2.1.)
Ŕρ 1ڹ Ȭغ, ےغ ф Ŕшۆ ࢹݓۋڌ(AFOLU, Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use) ć܁֨֟ࢰҙЛԓρԦćۆՙ۹ۤČ(pool) фՙۆζںǣࢍǶŔρۋɰ. ԕ؉
ەə ۓЀ(Standing tree)ڹ ġ०Ձں ࣀ३ ݓԜҙ(Above-ground biomass) ф ݓॠҙ (Below-ground biomass)قцۋ١ϔ֟Ϳՙε۹ۤॢɰ. ۹ۤʽՙəٍۙۺۋäǣۍ ڦۺۍ ę܁ں ࣀ३ սঝʽ Ѐ܃ु(Harvested wood products), Ǥْݓ(Litter), ČԐЀ(Dead wood), ࢹتڮşН(Soil organic matter) ˣۆՙ۹ۤČͿۋʴʼäǣٍՙ̚əқ३ʼرʂ şܼڷͿѓʽɰ.
̬رǣݓχےͺۋݒÀ॥ق˰͆Ձۤ՚ʪÀ˅জʽɰ. Ȥͺρ(old growth)ۋʼϸČԐЀۆݒ ÀˣڷͿՙۆտড়ս͟ۋ0قÀūڗ܋ড়սڙ(sink)ڷͿԴۆşɠںॠݓЇॠóʽɰ(Ŕ ρ2 ܓ). ̚ॢۍėܓρڷͿܓՁʽԦԓąٖρڹěνʼݓ؍ڹԓρۋǣߎٍρقҼ३ɳ
????????????????. ???Â??À?????À??????????
цۋ١ϔ֟Ԧۤۋ˅জʼČսЀۆæÌԜÀǣӇ܋ČԐЀۋьԦॠäǣѿ߿३ǣԓҝۋ
ьԦॣڦॹۋȭɰ.
˰͆ԴԓρںۺŕۺڷͿݓ՚Àɠॠóąٖॠيцۋ١ϔ֟Ԧԓ͟ں߯ʂজॠČۺşقѧ
ॠيÀĵǣæ߹ۦˣۤşÂԐڌॣսەəЀ܃ुڷͿۋڌॢɰϸՙ۹ۤşɠں߯ʂ Ϳьॣսەںìۋɰ. ԓρۻڌфডदজق˰δԓρۆÇՙεφČݓ՚Àɠॠóąٖ
ʽԓρقԴԦԓʽЀۦͿজԵٍΒǣজԵٍΒݚأۺۍۦΒεʂߕॠيٍΒͿԐڌॠəѓ Ѫںࣀ३ԓρҙЛۋşѺজقʂڿॣսەɰ.
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 ହं୍ୡ NIB
ହߡ ڂ Գࢺীيࡿ ହंୋմট
ֻࠨ2. Գࢺীيࡿହंୋմট
ֻࠨ3. ॺࠨࢫคܤࡧ୍ଭԩীୠୋஹԧ߆(ࢠ֝, 2007ڂ) (ౢళ: ࢠ֝ฅլ, 2009)
IPCCə܃4थÀ҃ČԴ(AR4, 2007)قԴԓρҙЛقەرɰڼȐÀݓۆՙѕ۹Ç
ѓ؋ں܃֨ॠٕɰ.
1) ԓρϸۺۆڮݓ̚əݒÀ: ԓρۻڌфডदজۆÇՙ
2) ԓρϸۺۆڮݓ̚əݒÀ: ֪őܓρ(afforestation) фۦܓρ(reforestation)
3) ےқ(stand, ᬧᕰ) фąě(landscape)ڙقԴՙ߹ۺ͟ںݒÀ֨ࢅəԓρąٖটʴ 4) ԓρшقԴۆՙ߹ۺںݒÀ֨ࢅəটʴ: Ѐ܃ुԐڌݒʂ, ЀۦεজԵٍΒфজԵ
ٍΒݚأۺۍۦΒۆʂߕۦͿԐڌݒʂ
Ŕρ3ڹ2007țйĶۆAFOLU ҙқۆՙ۹ۤݒÀ͟ںǣࢍǶŔρۋɰ. AFOLU ҙЛ ڹأ9ز1000χࢻۆۋԓজՙεড়սॠٕəʚড়ս͟ۆۼъ(4ز5240χࢻ)ڹݓԜҙۆۓ ЀԦۤق˰δড়սۋɰ. ԐڌܼۍЀ܃ुڹ3690χࢻۆۋԓজՙε۹ۤॠٕɰ. ϔςʽ
HWPə6350χࢻۆۋԓজՙε۹ۤॠٕɰ(US EPA, 2009). йĶঞąߔ(US EPA, 2009)ق
˰δ2007ț߸܁࠘əйĶȬρҙ(USDA)ۆथÀ࠘҃ɰ҃սۺۍʚ, ۋق˰βϸԐڌܼۍ
HWPٮϔςݓۆHWP ٍÂՙ߹ۺ͟ڹԓρۆՙ߹ۺݒÀ͟ۆأ12.4%Ϳ߸܁ʼؽɰ.
USDAۆ2008ț߸܁࠘قۆॠϸйĶǴԓρۋড়սॢۋԓজՙ͟ڹٍÂأ5ز9500 χࢻۋɰ. ۋə5țۻقҼ३17% ݒÀॢìڷͿ, ĶÀۻߕՙѕ͟ۆأ10%ق३ɾॠə
تۋɰ(USDA, 2008; Skog, 2008). ԐڌܼۋäǣϔςʽЀ܃ुقəϔțأ1ز300χࢻۆ
ۋԓজՙÀ߹ۺʼ϶, ۋəԓρড়ս͟ۆأ17% ܁ʪͿथÀʼؽɰ. ԐڌܼۍЀ܃ुۆ
ՙ۹ۤ͟ڹԓρǴۓЀۋ۹ۤॠČەəՙ͟ۆ9% ̚əԓρԦćÀݓɨՙ͟ۆأ
3.4%ق३ɾॠəتۋɰ. ϔςʽЀۦÀ۹ۤॠČەəՙ͟ڹۓЀՙ۹ۤ͟ۆ6%ق३ɾ
ॢɰ. , ԐڌܼۋäǣϔςʽЀۦÀ۹ۤॠəՙۆتڹےЀՙ۹ۤ͟ۆ15% ̚əԓ ρԦć۹ۤՙ͟ۆأ6%ق३ɾॢɰ.
ɇ. HWP ীծ୨ڍଭܛේ
ಸ՛ฎଭଲୢגଭ)81ڍଭլր
şѺজʂڿںڦॢ܁ҙÂşѺজঊۆߕۍIPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)ə1988țՃćşԜşĵ(WMO)ٮڮلঞąćন(UNEP)قۆ३Ժςʼؽɰ. şѺজঊ أ(UNFCCC, Unite Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)ڹ 1992ț νڍ ঞą
܁ԜধɺقԴ࢘ʼؽČ2004țьমʼؽɰ(ॢĶڹ1993ț12ښҼܵ). ঊأۆĵߕۺۍۋॱ ѓ؋ںȦۆॠşڦॢɾԐĶߪধ(COP, Conference of the Parties)À1995țۋϔțÒ߯ʼ Čەɰ.
IPCCə ĶÀ ٣֬À֟ ࣀćε ۚՁॠş ڦॢ ݓࠞڷͿ 1996ț Ò܁ࣺ IPCC Àۋ˚͆ۍ (IPCC, 1997)ںьÂॠٕɰ. ঊأɾԐĶ˞ڹۋÀۋ˚͆ۍق˰͆ÁĶۆ٣֬À֟ѕ͟ф
ড়ս͟ں҃ČॠəìڷͿ॰ɰ. Ŕ͠ǣ1996țÀۋ˚͆ۍقԴəԓρęşࢍࢹݓۋڌѺজق
˰δՙ߹ۺ͟ۆݒÇχۋć܁ʂԜقप॥ʼؽČսঝʽЀ܃ुق۹ۤʽՙ߹ۺ͟ڹ܃ٽ
???. IPCC À?????HWPÀ????????????????Ç??HWP ???
ۤČѺজəԓρՙ۹ۤČۆѺজقҼ३ϔڍۺڹìڷͿ҃Čەɰ. ۋəÀۋ˚͆ۍۚ
Ձɾ֨HWP ՙ۹ۤ͟ںथÀॠşڦॢѓѪÒь֨Âۋҙܔ॰ʏìڷͿ߸܁ʽɰ. ˰͆
Դইۦ(1ėأşÂ, 2008ț~2012ț) ۺڌʼəHWP ՙć܁ѓѪڹԓρۆѧ֨۾ں
ՙѕ֨۾ڷͿ܁ۆॠəIPCC ş҆ۿŖѪ(IPCC default approach)ںۺڌॠČەɰ.
Ŕ͠ǣIPCCəݓĵՙζقەرHWP ՙ۹ۤČۆܼڅՁںۋ३ॠČԞͿڏHWP
ՙć܁ѓ֩ۆʪۓںȦۆॠş֨ۚॠٕɰ. ۋق˰͆1998țՃȐÄɰࠢβقԴَοۻЛ À ধۆ(expert meeting)قԴ ɰڼۆ Ճ Àݓ HWP ć܁ѓѪۋ ܃؋ʼؽɰ; ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ (stock-change approach), ԦԓۿŖѪ(production approach), ʂşڮۓۿŖѪ(atmospheric-flow approach). ۋ1999țʫێ҆قԴÒ߯ʽ܃11SBSTA(Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, ęॡşցۙЛҙ՚şĵ)قԴߌڼڷͿHWP ՙć܁قʂॢȦۆÀۋ Θرܐɰ. 2001țϿͿࡑυ͆ࡀ֑قԴÒ߯ʽCOP7قԴəυ͆ࡀ֑०ۆЛں࢘ॠČ, HWP ࠄśۆѺąقʂ३ԴəɾԐĶߪধ(COP)ۆॳĀ܁ق˰βşͿĀۆॠٕɰ.
ࢹݓۋڌ, ࢹݓۋڌ Ѻজ ф ےغ ҙЛۆ ٣֬À֟ ࣀćۚՁ Àۋ˚͆ۍۍ ڍս֬ॱݓࠞ
(GPG-LULUCF)ۋ2003țIPCCقۆ३࢘ʼؽݓχۋۻęυÀݓͿԓρۆѧεѕ
֨۾ڷͿ҃ČHWPəथÀʂԜقप॥ॠݓ؍ؕČ, ɰχŔʴ؋Ȧۆʽՙć܁ۿŖѪںҙ
ق܃֨ॠəʚŔߟɰ. ۋ2004~2006ț, սͻۆSBSTAεࣀ३HWP ՙć܁ۿŖѪق
ʂॢȦۆÀݕॱʼؽڷǣЀۦԦԓĶęՙҼĶÂۆۋ३ěćͿѓѪۆ०ۆقۋβş৪˜
Ԝডقҋ॰ɰ.
܃2 ėأşÂق ۺڌʾ ٚ܁ۍ 2006ț IPCC Àۋ˚͆ۍۋ ьÂʼؽČ HWPə 2006ț
IPCC Àۋ˚͆ۍ܃4ńAFOLU(Agriculture, Forest and Other Land Use)ۆ܃12ۤ҆Лقप
॥ʼؽڷǣɳտ০GPG-LULUCFقԴ܃֨ʼؽʏ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ, ԦԓۿŖѪ, ʂşڮۓۿŖ Ѫę߸ÀͿɳտҙѪ(Simple decay approach)ۋşցʽʚŔߝࣀێʽHWP ć܁ѓѪں
܃֨ॠݓЇ॰ɰ.
2007țۍʪȐ֨؉ьνقԴÒ߯ʽCOP13قԴə܃2ėأşÂ(2013ț~2018ț) ۋقə
Ͽ˜ԸݕĶęÒʪĶۋ٣֬À֟Ç߹قيॢɰəьνͿ˚ϙۋ࢘ʼؽČ, ÁĶۆÇ߹Ѐ शəCOP15(2009țʜυࡾࡑङॠô)قԴĀ܁ॢɰČĀ܁ॠٕɰ. ьνͿ˚ϙق˰͆Ժςʽ
ѻۚغŔΝۍ AWG-KP(Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol)قԴHWP ՙć܁ںप॥ॢي͠ԓρড়սڙقʂॢȦۆ Àݕॱʼəʚ, HWP ՙć܁ҙЛقԴəथÀѓѪۆ࢘ęथÀѩڦقěॠيɰڼۆ
ȐÀݓܼ۾Ԑ२ۋȦۆʼČەɰ.
1) ???????????????????????????, ????????HWP??????HWP ????????ì?À?
ںʂԜڷͿHWP ՙć܁ںԓ܁ॣìۍÀ?
2) ???G???HWP????ì?À? ????????????????À???
܁ॣìۍÀ?
3) ԐڌٍսÀݥڹHWP(ܛۋ, ҝٍڌۦˣ)εԓ܁قप॥ॣìۍÀ?
4) दşНߌνۤقەəHWPεԓ܁ॣìۍÀ?
ಸ՛ฎଭছଭ)81ڍଭէր
ҙ՚ԴI(Annex I) ĶÀۆşѺজঊԜʂश˞ۋHWPεՙć܁ߕćقप॥֨ࢅəìں
ݓݓॠəѓॳڷͿ۾۾ÀČەڼںFAOقۆ३؎սەɰ(Bowyer et al., 2010). HWPق
ʂॢȦۆÀć՚ʽĀę, ࡑङॠôধۆقԴəÁĶۋԓρфЀ܃ुۆՙ۹ۤć܁ۿŖѪ ں ČͲॣ ս ەɰə Ǵڌۋ ɰΘرܐɰ(UNFCCC, 2009). UNFCCC(2009) ҃ČԴۆ ݓࠞڹ
HWP ՙć܁قʂॢêݒÀɠॢʂߕۿŖѪۋʪʾ˺ūݓHWPεş҆À܁قŖä३ Դࠄś३آॠəìۋɰ.
ɰڼԐ२ڹۋ҃ČԴ(UNFCCC, 2009)قप॥ʽìڷͿԴ, սঝʽЀ܃ु(HWP)ںՙć܁
قप॥֨ࡈć܁ॠČ҃ČॠəĶÀÀ˰͆آॣݓࠞۋɰ.
2) İࢹۆ܁Դ3ܓ2)ق˰͆ć܁ʽԓρقԴѧʽHWPق۹ۤʼؽʏՙۆѕۋêݒ
Àɠॠي֪ॣχॢۙΒÀսݚʾ˺, ЀۦԦԓĶڹѧ֨Ͽ˜ѕۋێرǦɰə
ş҆À܁ۋǣ٣֬À֟Àѕʼə֨۾قՙѕͿćԓʼəथÀѓѪڷͿć܁३آ
ॢɰ. ɾԐĶۋ HWPۆ ՙε ć܁ॠə ѩڦə ՙć܁ں ֬֨ॠə ԓρقԴ ǣ٣
HWPقॢ܁ॢɰ.
3) İࢹۆ܁Դ12ܓəCDMڷͿˣʽԓρقԴѧॢHWPق۹ۤʼؽʏՙۆѕۋ
êݒÀɠॠي֪ॣχॢۙΒÀսݚʾ˺, ЀۦԦԓĶڹѧ֨Ͽ˜ѕۋێرǦ ɰəş҆À܁ۋǣ٣֬À֟Àѕʼə֨۾قՙѕͿćԓʼəथÀѓѪڷͿć܁
३آॢɰ. ɾԐĶۋHWPۆՙεć܁ॠəѩڦəAR CDM Ԑغقप॥ʽԓρقԴ
ԦԓʽHWPقॢ܁ʽɰ.
4) ĶǴقԴԦԓʼرՙҼʽHWP ۹ۤČقĶॢॠيՙѕۋьԦॣ˺ǣսʽHWP ۹ۤČقԴՙѕۋьԦॣ˺ć܁ॣսەɰ.
: ۋܓ२ۋۆйॠəìڹيۻ০ي͠ÀݓHWP ć܁ۿŖѪʂ؋ۋۺڌÀɠ॥ںۆй
ॢɰ.
5) HWPقԴտѕ͟थÀəĶǴфս֨ۤقۺڌʽÀ܁ф܃ुқΪقʂ३ϼঝ০
ő܁३آॢɰ.
: ş҃ěقڅĵʼəսܵۆՃҙԐ२ں܃ėॢɰ.
6) ɾԐĶۋսॢսঝʽЀ܃ुقʂ३ѕۋێرǣə֨۾şܵڷͿć͟ॣ˺, HWPÀ
սʽÁĶÀ˞قʂ३Ŕ˞ǣ͆ۆHWPۆڏϼقʂॢĶÀ܁ۙΒεԐڌॠي
थÀॠČ҃Č३آॢɰ.
: ۋܓ२ڹսʽЀ܃ुۆَজ(degradation)Ϳҙࢢۆѕں߸ۺॠČ҃ČॠəՃҙԐ२ ں܃ė; ĶÀѻ܁ۙΒۆڅĵəԦԓۿŖѪۆۺڌںرͷóॣսەڼ.
7) ČदşНϔςݓۆHWPۆՙѕڹÁۺۍԓজÀ܁قŖäॠيć܁ʼرآॢ
ɰ.
: ۋܓ२ڹ“֨ԓজ” ş҆À܁ںHWP ϔςقۺڌॠČϔςݓՙ۹ۤقʂॢć܁
ۆÀɠՁں܃ٽॢɰ.
ɰڼۆ˃Àݓܓ२ڹHWP ć܁ۚՁ֨ێěՁęѕ͟ں҃Čॣ˺ՙśڅĵԐ२ں܃
֨ॢɰ.
2)İࢹۆ܁Դ3ܓəۍÂقۆॢݔۿۺۍࢹݓۋڌѺজфےغটʴق˰δԓρۆ٣֬À֟ۆѕ
фড়ստѺজقʂॢǴڌڷͿ1990țۋۆ֪őܓρ(afforestation), ۦܓρ(reforestation), ԓρۻڌ (deforestation)ںɰΘČەɰ.
8) 2008țҙࢢ2012țūݓԓρąٖںć܁ॠşͿĀ܁ॢɾԐĶڹ1990țۋҙࢢ2007ț
12ښ31ێۋۻūݓۙĶۆԓρقԴѧʽЀۦͿҙࢢ(ইۦ) ėأşÂ(2008~2012ț) ʴ؋قьԦॢѕقʂ३ć܁३آॢɰ.
9) ҙ՚ԴI ĶÀ˞ڹ1ėأşÂۆČսܵ(reference level)ڷͿHWPεࠄśॣ˺ज़څ ॠɰϸێěՁںڮݓॠşڦ३ć܁ۚՁ֩ںս܁ॣսەɰ. ۋ͠ॢąڍŔǴڌф
ѓѪں҃Č३آॢɰ.
ۋ͠ॢę܁ںäࠚࡑङॠôɾԐĶߪধ(COP15)ۆĀ܁ڹΗϔςݓۆHWPəć܁قप॥
ॠݓ؍ںì, ΘԞͿڏHWP ՙć܁ѪقʂॢČͲÀć՚ʾì, Ι҃Č֨ज़څॢԐ२ق
ʂॢϽÀݓ०ۆۋɰ. Ŕ͠ǣИؼ҃ɰHWPÀप֟࣡İࢹߕ܃ق߯ܛप॥ʾìۍݓ, प॥
ʽɰϸر̅ՙć܁ۿŖѪۋۺڌʾìۍݓəيۻ০ȦۆԐ२ڷͿǫ؉ەɰ(Bowyer et al., 2010).
ේบෘۚծ
)81ীծ୨එค୨
Post-2012 ՙঊ܁߯ܛ؋قHWP ć܁ۆप॥يҙə؉ݔঝ܁ʼݓ؍ؕɰ. ѧфԓρ ÇՙۆݒÀεڍͲॠəъʂεҼ΅३ԴHWPεć܁قप॥֨ࢅəȦۆəć՚ʾìۋɰ. Ҽ
ࣺۙ˞ڹHWPۆՙć܁ںԞ΄ó߸ÀॣχࢂHWP ۆՙ۹ۤ͟ۋࡾݓ؍ڷ϶, ۹ۤ
মęÀۤşÂ߿қ০ݓ՚ʼݓʪ؍ڷ϶ć܁ѓ֩ۋϿॠČ҄ۡॠɰČܳۤॢɰ.
ۋ͠ॢȦ͈ڹؘڷͿʪսÒښʴ؋ć՚ʾìۋдͿЀ܃ुۆՙ۹ۤČۍ܁ق˰δۋ
۾ںঝ֬০ۓݒ֨ࢅşڦॢ܁ঝॢʂɻۋڅĵʽɰ. HWPÀՙ۹ÇЀф۹Çۻ͜ق ԴӇݓóʼϸЀ܃ुںࣀॢԓρۆՙѕ۹Çۆ߿қॢ۠ۦমęьəڅڙ३ݗìۋ ɰ.
)81ীծ୨୦ֽࢺ࣑۩ଭ
HWPقʂॢՙć܁ںݓݓॠşڦ३ԴHWPεر̎óć܁ॣìۍݓۋ३ɾԐĶÂۆܓ
՚ॢ०ۆÀەرآॢɰ. ०ۆÀرͲڏইԜডںʮࣷॠşڦ३ԴԞͿڏۿŖѪۆˣۤۋ
őأقʪমęۺڷͿۺڌʾսەɰ. ۋٽقʪ̚ɰδۿŖѪۋ३ĀڷͿ܃֨ʾսەڷǣ
֨ۆۺۼॢѓѪۆʪۋʌܼڅॠɰ.
֝୪ী୨ଡٱઘছ
HWPقʂॢĶ܃ۺۍ०ۆÀҙܔ॰ݓχ, ݓѓ̚əĶÀڙقԴşࢍۆæ߹ۙۦٮҼİ ॠيقȃݓমڱՁęٍćʽЀۦۆՙ۹Çমęقʂॢۍ֩ںȭێսەəѓ؋ۋەɰ.
ĶǴۻ͜ۆॠǣͿ, ՙՃ(carbon tax)εҙęॠəìۋɰ. Sathre(2007)əϿ˜ՙѕقʂ ३ʴێॢՙՃεۺڌॠəìۋ֨֟ࢰۺڷͿϿ˜ܛΪۆقȃݓমڱۋȭڹ܃ु(০জ ԵٍΒεۺóԐڌॠə܃ु)ںԸॠóॠČ, قȃݓমڱۋǰڹ܃ुںԸॠݓ؍óχ
˚əۚڌںॢɰČэঌɰ. Ŕ͠ǣŔ͠ॢՙՃəۋ҃ɰࢀʂߕমęεݓɨЀۦق۹ۤʽ
ՙəć͟জॠݓ؍əɰ.
ر̅ॱʴں܃ݓॠäǣۤͲॣ˺Ճۦεۋڌॠəìڹ١͒ۻҙࢢۺڌॢۻ͜ۋɰ. χأ
֬܃ͿՃŚҙɺۋՙ˛ՃфۦԓՃقԴقȃݓԐڌęՙѕͿۋʴॢɰϸ, ě֮ۆߣ۾
ڹقȃݓমڱ, قȃݓ҃ۻ, ʂߕقȃݓͿÁۺۋ϶ŕۺڷͿۋʴॠóʾìۋɰ. óɰÀ
Ѻজۆڮʪəѕ͟Ԝॢ܃قۆॢѕńä͒܃(cap and trade system)҃ɰՙՃεࣀ३
҃ɰ֪՚ॠČێěۺڷͿɵՁॣսەɰ(Bowyer et al., 2010).
Ɉ. HWP ীծ୨୦ֽ࣑
୪ੲܤ)81୦ֽ࣑ࢫୋۚ
ՙć܁ۿŖѪقʂॢĀ܁ڹęॡقχŖäॣսػČ܁࠘ۺۍڅۍۋࡾóۚڌॢɰ.
1997țսঝʽЀ܃ु(HWP)قʂॢՙć܁قەرҙ܁ঝॠݓχ҃սۺۍѓѪۍş҆ۿŖ ѪۋIPCC Àۋ˚͆ۍقʪۓʼرইۦۺڌʼČەɰ. HWPقप॥ʽՙεć܁ॠəѓѪ
ںĀ܁3)ॠəʚەرܼڅॢЛ܃əر̅ǣ͆(ЀۦԦԓĶ, Ѐ܃ुÀėĶ(սĶ), ܃ुۆ
ԐڌĶ(սۓĶ))Àѕń(credit) , ć܁قەرԴۋ˛ں҃əÀ, HWPͿۍॢѕںرɗ
ǣ͆Àҙɺ३آॠəÀˣۋɰ. IPCC ş҆ۿŖѪфʂ؋ڷͿ܃؋ʽي͠HWP ć܁ۿŖѪ
˞ۆݜęۤɳ۾ں؎؉҆ɰ.
*1$$׆࣭୦ֽ࣑ *1$$EFGBVMU"QQSPBDI
öౢళ: Pingoud, 2008
۩׆
ॺࠨୋ ହࡧ࣎త
ࡧ୍ॺ
ౢ
ਏਆഗ
լծ
֝ԧլծ ହୂ୍
IPCC ş҆ۿŖѪ(IPCC default Approach)ڹսঝʽЀ܃ुۋ۹ۤॠČەəՙəć܁ॠݓ
؍əѓѪڷͿÒ܁ࣺ1996țIPCC Àۋ˚͆ۍق܃֨ʼرইۦۺڌʼəѓ֩ۋɰ. ॢĶÀۆ
ԓρۋড়սॢՙəѧٮ॥ƍϿ˃ѕʼرѧ֨۾ۆ३ɾĶÀۆѕ͟ڷͿćԜʽɰ.
Ѐ܃ुۆՙ߹ۺ͟ڹۤşۺڷͿѺজÀػɰəÀ܁ںॠČەڷǣæ߹ۦ, ÀĵˣۤşÂ
ԐڌʼəЀ܃ुۆՙ۹ۤমęфѕݓٍমęεČͲॠݓ؍əЛ܃۾ۋەɰ.
˰͆ԴۋۿŖѪڹæ߹ۦٮÏۋۤşÂԐڌʼəЀ܃ुق۹ۤʽՙεɚνəʚڮۍ ں܃ėॠݓ؍Čɳݓ٣֬À֟ѕںܶۋşڦ३জԵٍΒεʂߕॠəقȃݓڙڷͿԴԐڌ ںۤͲॢɰ. ЀۦۦটڌڹҼۙڙںۼأॠČՙ۹ۤܳşεɚνəমęεьॠʌ͆
ʪۋۿŖѪۆۺڌ֨ۦটڌقʂॢڮۍڹьԦॠݓ؍əɰ.
ୋ
ù HWPقʂॢѻʪۆ҃ČߕćÀज़څػɰ.
ù ʂߕমę(ۦΒ ф قȃݓ ʂߕق ˰δ জԵ ՙѕ ۹Ç)ə ۋй İࢹۆ܁Դ(Kyoto Protocol) ć܁ߕćقप॥ʼرەɰ.
ù ɰδۿŖѪقەəɰڼęÏڹЛ܃۾ںѓݓॣսەɰ.
- ՙড়սεÌܓ॥ڷͿ׆HWP ՙć܁قەر“՚ے(cheating)" ڍͲ, ٷǽॠϸϿʝۆ
İঝۍĀęݔۿHWP ۹ۤۍѰࢹνঝۍҝÀ
- ݕ܁ॢşۺۋ˛(٣֬À֟ѕ۹Ç) ػۋćԓԜۆ܃äфć܁֨֟ࢰۆԦՁ.
ۚ
ù ҃ČߕćəÀɠॢॢݕ܁ॢՙսݓεъٖ३آॠǣIPCC ş҆ۿŖѪڹݓĵՙড় սεHWP ǴͿۋʴ֨ࢅəìںИ֨ॢɰ. ֬܃Ϳՙəԓρѧٮʴ֨قѕʼəì ۋ؉ɦ͆ԓρۋ۹ۤॢՙəѧʽЀۦͿۋʴ३Դ١͔şÂقèߝѕۋێرǣ əìےںъٖॠݓЇॢɰ.
ù ҝѪѧٮÏڹݓ՚Àɠॠݓ؍ڹЀۦۙڙۆսۓۋڌںই֨֟ࢰقԴѓݓॣսػɰ.
ౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑ 4UPDLDIBOHF"QQSPBDI
öౢళ: Pingoud, 2008 = (
߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ(Stock-change Approach)ڹॢĶÀۆĶąǴۆԓρęЀ܃ु۹ۤČۆՙ
߹ۺ͟ۆտѺজε߸܁ॢɰ. ԓρۆՙ߹ۺѺজəԦԓĶقć܁ʼəъϸЀ܃ुǴՙ
߹ۺѺজəՙҼĶقć܁ʽɰ. սۓʼəЀ܃ुۋ۹ۤॢՙÀЀ܃ुۆИًę॥ƍۋʴ ॠóʼرЀ܃ुۆսĶڹՙ߹ۺ͟ۋÇՙॠČսۓĶڹՙ߹ۺ͟ۋݒÀॠóʽɰ.
ĶÀ٣֬À֟ࣀćۚՁقەرЀۦۆսۓĶقóəڮνॠ϶սĶقóəҝνॢѓ֩ۋɰ.
ۋۿŖѪڹԓρۙڙۋۺرЀۦεսۓ३آॠəǣ͆ÀսۓЀۦεࣀ३ۙĶۆՙ۹
ۤČεɚπսەəѓ֩ۋɰ. ЀۦۆИًںݒÀ֨ࢅČԓρۙڙĶقóą܃ۺۍۋ˛(Ѐۦ ۆսݒÀ)ںܳݓχęʪॢѧͿۍॢԓρࣷĨÀێرǨսەɰ.
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ॺࠨୋ ହୂ୍
ࡧ୍ॺ
ౢ
ਏਆഗ
լծ
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ù Ͽ˜ĶÀəĶÀąćǴۆHWP ۹ۤČقʂ३Դχ҃Čॢɰ; ʚۋࢢսݚф҃ČəĶÀ Àࣀ܃ॣսەɰ.
ù ݔۿ۹ۤۍѰࢹνۚՁڹ֬ॱÀɠ॥. χأĶÀࣀćقۆ३ݓڙʽɰϸ(ٚ, æ߹ࣀć)
҃ɰঝ֬ॢ߸܁ںÀɠॠóॢɰ.
ۚ
ù ԓρۻڌ̚əҝѪѧεࣀ३ԦԓʽսۓЀۦʪĶÀ٣֬À֟ࣀćۆÇ߹սɳڷͿԐ ڌʾսەɰ(Ŕ͠ǣইۦۆş҆ۿŖѪقԴʪۋεφݓЇॢɰ).
öౢళ: Pingoud, 2008
= ( =
ԦԓۿŖѪ(Production Approach)ڹԓρęЀ܃ु۹ۤČۆՙ߹ۺ͟ۆտѺজε߸܁ॢɰ.
֨֟ࢰąćεĀ܁ॣ˺قॢĶÀۆԓρфĶǴقԴԦԓʽЀ܃ुڷͿսʽЀ܃ुǴ
۩׆
ॺࠨୋ ହୂ୍
ࡧ୍ॺ
ౢ
ਏਆഗ
լծ
֝ԧլծ
ۆՙūݓԦԓĶۆՙć܁قप॥֨ࢇɰ. սʽЀ܃ुڹսۓʽĶÀ(ԐڌĶ)قԴқ३/
ٍՙ֨۾قԴսĶۆՙѕͿćԜॢɰ.
ɳտҙۿŖѪ(Simple Decay Approach)ڹ Ford-Robertson(2003)ۋ ܃؋ॢ ѓѪڷͿ 2006 IPCCÀۋ˚͆ۍقHWP ۿŖѪڷͿ߸À܃֨ʼؽɰ. ԦԓۿŖѪęäۆÏڹѓ֩ęĀęε
ǣࢍǴǣ, ɳտҙۿŖѪۋHWP ۹ۤČÀԓρقԴۆটʴęěʹەɰČČͲʼرѧ֨
۾ЀۦۆÁۺۍԓজεԓ܁ॠݓ؍əɰə۾قԴԦԓۿŖѪęɰβɰ.
ୋ
ù HWP ۻߕՙ۹ۤČۆʴ(ѕۆ֨۾ۋ܁ঝ০şցʿ)εČͲॢɰ.
ۚ
ù ֨֟ࢰąćÀĶÀąćٮɰβČşࢍѕڙć܁/҃Čߕćٮϑݓ؍ɰ.
ù սʽHWPقʂॢ߸ۺфࣀ܃ÀرͲڗԴć܁ۚغۋĎ͈ॠɰ.
ù ইۦۆĶÀфĶ܃ࣀćεۋڌॠşرͷɰ; սۓʽڙЀۆHWPə܃ٽʼǣĶǴقԴԦ ԓʼر߸ʽڙЀۆHWP प॥, ̚ॢս֨ۤ(ĶÀ)ۆHWP ۹ۤČقʂॢथÀÀज़ څॠɰ.
ù ĀĶHWP ՙ۹ۤČۆथÀقʂ३߸܁ۋҝÀक़ॠ϶, ş҆ۺڷͿ߹ۺѺজѪقҼ३
ҝঝ֬ՁںψۋǴपॢۿŖѪۋɰ.
۩׆କౢ୦ֽ࣑ "UNPTQIFSJDGMPX"QQSPBDI
۩׆
ॺࠨୋ ହୂ୍
ࡧ୍ॺ
ౢ
= (
ʂşڮۓۿŖѪ(Atmospheric-flow Approach)ڹॢĶÀۆąćԜėۆʂşε֨֟ࢰąć Ϳ܁ۆॠČۓॠəՙε߸܁ॢɰ. ۋ˺֬܃ড়սٮѕۋێرǦ֨şٮۤՙεşܵڷ Ϳՙć܁ںۚՁॢɰ. ʂşقԴǣ٣ԓρԦۤقۆॢՙড়ս͟ڹԦԓĶقćԜʼəъϸ, Ѐ܃ुۆқ३/ٍՙق˰δՙۆѓڹՙҼĶقćԜʼəѓ֩ۋɰ. ЀۦսĶۆąڍԓ ρقԴۆۓЀড়ս͟χćԜʼČЀ܃ुقप॥ʽՙəսۓĶۆՙć܁قԴѕͿćԜ ʽɰ. ЀۦۆսĶقəڮνॠ϶սۓĶقəҝνॢѓ֩ۋɰ.
ୋ
ù HWP ۻߕՙ۹ۤČۆʴ(ѕ֨۾ۋ܁ঝ০şցʿ) ČͲॢɰ.
ۚ
ù ߹ۺѺজÒȝقŖäॢLULUCF ć܁/҃Čߕćٮϑݓ؍əɰ.
ù şࢍϿ˜սۓʽцۋ١ٍΒÀՙܼςڷͿࠄśʼəʚъ३, ٍΒڌЀۦۆąڍսۓĶ ۆՙѕͿćԓʼəЛ܃εьԦ֨ࢇɰ.
ù ЀۦսĶڹսЀۦقप॥ʽՙεۙĶۆυۋȃ֟ՙć܁(ড়ս)ڷͿćԓॢɰ.
֝ॺ୍ճߙౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑ 4UPDL$IBOHF"QQSPBDIPG%PNFTUJDPSJHJO
۩׆
ॺࠨୋ ହୂ୍
ࡧ୍ॺ
ౢ
ਏਆഗ
լծ
֝ԧլծ
öߌ: Pingoud, 2008
= (
Cowie, Pingoud, SchlamadingerÀ2006ț܃؋ॢۿŖѪڷͿԴ, սʼäǣսۓʽHWPۆ
ՙć܁ڹप॥ॠݓ؍əɰ. սۓЀۦقۆॢսۓĶۆѕÇ߹şيÀێرǣݓ؍əɰ.
ୋ
ù ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪۆѺڷͿսۓЀقप॥ʽՙεć܁ॠݓ؍؉ݓ՚Àɠॠݓ؍ڹЀۦ ÀսۓĶۆՙÇ߹قşيॠəìںφںսەɰ.
ۚ
ù HWPۆۻߕՙսݓε؎սػɰ.
ù ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ҃ɰ҄ۡՁęҝঝ֬Ձۋࡾɰ; ֬܃ͿHWPۆ߯ܛԐڌقەرЀۦۆş ڙ(ĶǴԓфսۓۦ)ںĵқॠəìۋرͷɰ.
ù ϔςݓHWPεथÀॠəìڹʌڎرͷɰ.
)81୦ֽ࣑ୡॷߢ
ச૬ࡧ୍ౢ֝ԧୡէր
ɰڼĀęəPingoud(2008)ÀЀۦۆܳڅսĶ(ग़͈˚, ࠪǣɰ)ęսۓĶ(ٖĶ, ێ҆)قʂ ॠيΗ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ(SCA, Stock Change Approach), ΘʂşڮۓۿŖѪ(AFA, Atmospheric Flow Approach), ΙԦԓۿŖѪ-ɳտҙѪ(PA-SD, Production Approach-Simple Decay Approach), ΚĶԓۦχ ČͲॢ ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ(SCAD, Stock Change Approach of Domestic origin) ˣȐÀݓHWP ۿŖѪںۺڌॠيٍÂHWP ՙć܁ۆѺজεǣࢍǶŔρۋɰ.
Ѐ܃ुսĶÀقەرԴəʂşڮۓۿŖѪ(AFA)ۋ, սۓĶÀقەرԴə߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ (SCA)ۋHWPεՙ܃ä͟ڷͿć܁ॣսەرԴڮνॢìڷͿǣࢍǮɰ.
ֻࠨ4. HWP ীծ୨୦ֽ࣑ݗࠛச૬ࡧ୍ౢ֝ශޯ݁ଭଲॺฃীࢼౢ׆߆ (HWP
ֻࠨ5. HWP ীծ୨୦ֽ࣑ݗࠛச૬ࡧ୍ౢ֝يۗଭଲॺฃীࢼౢ׆߆ (HWP
Ηౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Θ۩׆କౢ୦ֽ࣑
Ιॺ୦ֽ࣑ۚ০ऀบ࣑
Κ֝ॺ୍ճߙ
ౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Ηౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Θ۩׆କౢ୦ֽ࣑
Ιॺ୦ֽ࣑ۚ০ऀบ࣑
Κ֝ॺ୍ճߙ
ౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
ֻࠨ6. HWP ীծ୨୦ֽ࣑ݗࠛச૬ࡧ୍֝ઽ֝ଭଲॺฃীࢼౢ׆߆ (HWP
Ηౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Θ۩׆କౢ୦ֽ࣑
Ιॺ୦ֽ࣑ۚ০ऀบ࣑
Κ֝ॺ୍ճߙ
ౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Ηౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Θ۩׆କౢ୦ֽ࣑
Ιॺ୦ֽ࣑ۚ০ऀบ࣑
Κ֝ॺ୍ճߙ
ౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
ÒѻĶÀۆHWP ՙć܁ĀęəۿŖѪق˰͆ԜۋॢĀęεǣࢍǴؽڷǣÒѻĶÀۆ
Āęε०ԓॢݓĵۻߕۆՙć܁ڹSCA, AFA, PA ÂڮԐॢĀęεǣࢍǴؽɰ.
ԐڌܼۍЀ܃ुۆՙ߹ۺںݒÀ֨ࢉق˰δݓĵۻߕۆড়սşي͟ڹ2004țݓĵۻߕ
٣֬À֟ѕ͟ۆأ0.5% ۋԜںݓॠٕɰ(ϔς܃ٽ). ر̅ǣ͆قەرԴəHWPÀĶÀ
ՙć܁ۆϔڍܼڅॢҙқںݓॢɰ. ০ʂşڮۓۿŖѪڹϽϽĶÀقەرԴĶÀ
ՙսݓق ܼʂॢ ٖॳں йࠚɰ. ग़͈˚ۆ ąڍ AFAε ۺڌॣ ˺ HWPق ۆॢ ܃ä͟
(removal)ڹ2005țĶÀѕ͟ۆأ30%εݓॢɰ.
ࠤيޭୡէր
ĶςԓρęॡڙقԴڍνǣ͆ۆHWP ۿŖѪѻAFOLUقۆHWPۆٍÂCO2
şي͟ں߸܁ॢĀę, 2008țşܵ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ(stock-change approach)ڹ-8,820Gg CO2/yr, ʂşڮۓۿŖѪ(atmospheric flow approach)ڹ 7,869Gg CO2/yr, ԦԓۿŖѪ(production approach)ڹ-3,291Gg CO2/yr ˣڷͿ߸܁ʼرڍνǣ͆قەرԴ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪۋAFOLUق ۆHWPۆٍÂCO2
ڷͿथÀʼؽɰ(Ķςԓρęॡڙ, 2010).
HWP ՙć܁ѓѪѻՙ߹ۺѺজ͟߸ۋεԕट҃ϸ, 1971țۋЀۦսۓ͟ۆݓ՚ۺ
Ηౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
Θ۩׆କౢ୦ֽ࣑
Ιॺ୦ֽ࣑ۚ০ऀบ࣑
Κ֝ॺ୍ճߙ
ౠୡ࣡ฃ୦ֽ࣑
ݒÀ(1998țٚٽ)Àՙ߹ۺѺজѪںۺڌॣ˺ՙ߹ۺ͟ۆݒÀͿǣࢍǣČ, ʂşڮۓ ۿŖѪقԴəЀۦՙҼͿۍॢѕͿć܁ʼؽɰ.
(ౢళ: ֝ࠩॺࠨր, 2010)
ۋٍĵقۺڌॢڍνǣ͆ۆܳڅЀ܃ुԦԓфսۓࣀćۙΒəÖےغࣀćٍ҃×(ԓρ ߔ) ˣĶÀࣀćۙΒεۋڌ॰ɰ(FAO ࣀćۙΒٮێҙۋÀǦɰ). ܃ۦЀԦԓࣀćə1996 țۋҙࢢےغࣀćٍ҃قė֩ۺڷͿĵ߹ʼرەݓ؍ؕş˺ЛقÖࣀćͿ҆ԓρۙڙۆ
ѺজٮےԓНսś߸ۋ×(Ķςԓρęॡڙ) фÖЀۦսśۻϐ×(ԓρߔ) ˣںۋڌ॰ɰ. ऑ॒
фܛۋ܃ुقʂॢĶÀࣀćۙΒəÖ܃ݓԓغࣀćٍ҃×(ॢĶ܃ݓėغٍ०ধ), Ѐݗःȇěʹ
ࣀćۙΒəÖ०ࣺ҃˚ࣀć×(ॢĶ०ࣺ҃˚ঊধ)εۋڌ॰ɰ. HWP ć܁ۚՁ֨ज़څॢъÇş əIPCC ş҆Éۍՙۦ܃ु(solidwood products)ڹ30ț, ܛۋ܃ु(paper products)ڹ2țںۺ ڌ॰ɰ.
)81ীծ୨ࢺ࣑ߨ۩Ԩ֝ଭୋ
قʂ३Ķ܃ԐধقԴۆ०ۆʽѓѪۆʪۋܼڅॠ϶ۋεࣀ३şѺজٰজقۆ֬ݗۺۍ
şي͆əĀęεۋǓرǷսەرآॢɰəۓۤۋɰ. ॠݓχ, ज़څॠɰϸHWP ঊԜۋڍν قóҝνॢѓॳڷͿĀ܁ʼݓ؍ʪۋ३ěćεÏۋॠČەəĶÀ˞ęۆėܓߕ܃Àڅĵ ʽɰ. ۿŖѪۆԸ࢘фՃҙۺۍՙć܁ѓѪقʂॢÁĶۆۓۤںԕट҃ϸɰڼęÏɰ.
ێ҆ڹر̅HWP ć܁Ѫʪٰѹॠݓ؍ɰČݓۺॢɰ. ߹ۺѺজѪڹЀۦսۓĶۋʌψڹ
ЀۦεÒʪĶڷͿҙࢢսۓॠČսںܶيۙĶۆՙ۹ۤČεɚπÀɠՁۋەČ, Ԧԓ ۿŖѪڹսۓʽЀ܃ुںۤşÂԐڌॠʪॠəڮۍۋػںӼ؉ɦ͆HWP սĶÀͿ
ॠيŚսʽHWP ڏϼقʂॢۙΒεսݚ३آॠəই֬ۺڷͿəرͲڏę܃εÀݓČە Č, ʂşڮۓۿŖѪڹ ÒʪĶ(Ѐۦ ԦԓĶ)ۆ Ѐۦսں ݒÀ֨ࢇɰČ Ҽࣺॠٕɰ(IPCC, 2003).
ێ҆ڹ2009ț8ښʫێ҆قԴÒ߯ʽAWG-KP9قԴHWPۆՙć܁قʂ३Ηİࢹۆ܁
ԴقԴԓ܁ॠČەəԓρقʂ३ԴχHWPεԓ܁ॣì, ΘɳşԐڌЀ܃ु(ܛۋˣ)ڹՙ ć܁قԴ܃ٽॣì, ΙսЀ܃ुڹՙć܁قԴ܃ٽॣì, ΚदşНߌνۤقܕۦॠČەə
HWPəՙć܁قԴ܃ٽ֨࢈ì(दşʼə֨۾ڹѕ) ˣۆۆþں܃ॠٕɰ.
ɑݗ͔˚ə߹ۺѺজѪڹսঝʽЀ܃ुںЀজॠəÂɳॢêݒѓѪۋػş˺Лقć܁ۆ
֬ॱۋ֖ݓ؍Č(ɑݗ͔˚Ȭρҙ, 2003), ԐڌܼۍЀ܃ु০ϔςݓۆHWPقʂॢՙ
۹ۤČÇ߹ں҃Čॠəʚ˰δۍՅ࣯ҵÀػɰČݓۺ॰ɰ. ɑݗ͔˚əսЀۦфԐڌşÂ ۋݥڹЀ܃ुʪՙć܁قप॥ॣìںܳۤ॰ɰ.
؉βॿ࣯ǣεҼ΅ॠيԓρۋॄҙॠ϶ψڹتۆЀۦεսॠəĶÀ˞ڹԦԓۿŖѪں
ԸॠČ, йĶęEUεҼ΅ॢԸݕĶ˞ڹ߹ۺѺজѪۋǣۋۆѺʽۿŖѪںԸॠČە ɰ. ࠪǣɰə߹ۺѺজѪęێϕԜࣀॠəĶÀۍѰࢹνǴۆϿ˜ѕфড়սεێěۺڷͿ
ć܁ॠəѓ֩ںݓݓ(UNFCCC, 2001)ॠČەɰ. йĶęࠪǣɰəदşНߌνۤۆHWPں
ՙć܁قप॥ॣìںܳۤॠ϶, EUəۙΒۓսÀɠॢąڍսЀۦεHWP ՙć܁ق
प॥ॣìںܳۤॢɰ.
ێ҆ںܼ֮ڷͿйĶ, ࠪǣɰ, EU ˣڹজԵٍΒфقȃݓݚأۺۍۦΒεʂߕॠəЀݗ
قȃݓۆԐڌںڮʪॠيԜɾॢتۆՙѕں۹ÇॣսەəۿŖѪںԸ࢘३آॢɰə
ۓۤںÏۋॠČەɰ.
ಸ՛ฎଭגଭֽౖܛේࢫச૬୕
ݓŚūݓIPCC ş҆ۿŖѪ, ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪ, ԦԓۿŖѪ, ʂşڮۓۿŖѪˣ܃֨ʽۿŖѪ
˞قʂ३HWP ՙć܁ںսॱॣąڍĶÀѻͿۺڌۋÀɠॢݓ, ÁÁۆۿŖѪ˞ۋر̅
ॱʴںڮۍॠəݓقʂ३Ȧۆ॰ɰ. ر̅ۋ३ɾԐۙŔΝڹHWPۆć܁प॥ڹЀ܃ुۆԐ ڌںݒÀ֨ࢅČۋق˰͆ԓρÇՙфঞąۺڷͿæۻॠݓ؍ڹॱʴںڮьॠäǣǯҼˣ
şࢍҙ܁ۺĀęεйࠜìۋ͆Čॠٕɰ.
ࠪǣɰə2001țUN SBSTAق܃ॢ҃ČԴ(UNFCCC, 2001)قԴر̃ॢć܁֨֟ࢰʪ܁
ۺЀۺڷͿԺćʽɰϸٷčʽڮۍۆĀęεdzںӼ؉ɦ͆܁ঝॢՙۆড়սфѕ
͟ࠑ܁قʪ֬ःॠóʾìۋ͆Čܳۤॠٕɰ. ̚ॢٰۻॠČ, ࣊ϼॠ϶, ܁ঝॢѕ͟थÀε
ÀɠॠóॠəۿŖѪںࣀ३ц͊ݔॢॱʴںڮʪॣսەɰČॠٕɰ. ۋHWP ۿŖѪق
˰͆ьԦॠóʾॱʴڮۍقʂ३টьॢȦۆÀݕॱʼؽɰ.
ճ෴ඍ׆ࢄ࠻ࠩ
йĶڹदşʼرϔςʽЀۦق۹ۤʽՙۆتۋԜɾॠ϶ইʂ֩ϔݚݓقԴۆՙѕ
ڹϔڍߎߎ০ێرǣдͿ(Skog and Nicholson, 1998) ϔςݓۆHWPεՙć܁قप॥३آ
ॢɰČێުҙࢢܳۤॠٕɰ. Ŕ͠ǣۋìڹঞąٖॳںܶۋşڦ३ϔςʼəتںܶيآॢ
ɰəEU ˣۆۓۤęѕ࠘ʽɰ.
ഠઑ
߯Ŗࢹتՙ͟Ѻজقʂॢć܁Л܃À܃şʼؽɰ. ر̅ۋ˞ڹѧۆࢹتՙۆѺ জÀćԓقъٖʼəݓۆЛں܃şॠ϶, ѧۆՙŒڹࢹتՙٮ܃ܓ֨ۆ՜֬ں
ČͲॣ˺ՙ۹ۤ͟ۆÇՙεÀ܋٣ɰČॠٕɰ. ۋ͠ॢܳۤۆęॡۺۍŖäÀйأॠş
˺ЛقȦۆεڦॢ߸ÀۺۍٍĵٮथÀÀज़څॣìۋɰ.
HWP ć܁ȦۆقەرԴսۓʽЀ܃ुق۹ۤʽՙεć܁ॠəìۋЀۦۆսۓ͟ںݒ À֨ࢅəÀ, ݓĵڙقԴѧ͟ںݒÀ֨ࢅəÀۆيҙəܼڅॢݓ۾ۋɰ. ر̅ۋ˞ڹ
HWPۆć܁ۋԓρÇՙڱںݒÀ֨࢈սەɰČڍͲॠٕɰ. ԓρÇՙۆЛ܃قʂॠي֟ڦ
ٍ֟ĵۙ˞(Hofer, 2008)ڹ߯Ŗąٖρ̚əҼąٖρۆԓρěνфЀۦۋڌۆɰتॢ֨ǣ ν١ق˰δՙ۹ۤɠͳںқԵॠٕɰ. ΗѧεইۦսܵۋॠͿԜɾ০ܶۋəԓρąٖ֨
ǣν١ۆąڍ, ߣşۆԜɾॢՙ۹ÇমęÀǣࢍǮڷǣŔমęəߌڼ15țقèߝߎߎ০
Çՙॠي2090ț(100țۋ؋ʼر) ٖ(0)قʪɵॠٕɰ. óɰÀѧεۻঅॠݓ؍ںąڍ۹
౸୨
ɰتॢঞąॠقԴۆЀۦ܃ुѻҙڱۆۋˣHWPقप॥ʽՙۆتں܁ঝ০थ ÀॣսەəÀۆيҙəϿ˜HWP ć܁ۿŖѪقۺڌʼəܼڅॢЛ܃ɰ. ০йĶںҼ΅
ॢԸݕĶ˞ڹHWP ՙۆζںۋ३ॠČەڷ϶ۋε߸ۺॠČć܁ॠə֨֟ࢰںÒьॠ Čەڷǣ, ʂҙқۆ۹ÒьĶÀ˞ڹŔͩݓЇॠɰ. 2005țūݓйĶ, ࠪǣɰ, ܳ, ٖĶˣ4 ÒĶχۋHWP ՙε߸ۺॠəϭ࠶ɦݏقʂ३҃Čॠٕɰ.
ઽ֜ন
HWPۆՙ۹ۤɠͳڹٖĵۺۋݓ؍ɰ. Ѐ܃ुۆԐڌսϼۋɰॠϸѣͲ܋ׇäǣՙÁʼ
϶, ۋ˺۹ۤॠٕʏՙəʂşܼڷͿѓʽɰ. ˺ЛقԐধقԴۤսϼۆЀ܃ुԐڌۋ
ݒÀॢɰČHWP ՙ۹ۤČÀć՚ۺڷͿݒÀॠəìڷͿşʂॣսəػɰ. رɗ֨۾قԴ əHWP ՙ۹ۤČ߸Àқę߯ܛՙϹқۋÏ؉ݓóʽɰ. ۋ͠ॢۋڮͿHWPεՙć
܁قप॥֨ࡈآॠəÀقʂ३Ȧ͈ۋەؽɰ(Kirschbaum, 2006). ۋ͠ॢȦ͈ںъчॠəۓ
ۤ(Dornburg and Marland, 2008; Fearnside, 2008)ڹHWPÀҼێ֨ۺۍড়սڙڷͿԴًॣ
ںॠݓχşѺজقʂॢԐধۺȤͳڷͿԴϔڍܼڅॠɰČܳۤ॰ɰ. څ۾ڹՙۆ߹ۺ
фқ३Àъ҄ʼəψڹ֨֟ࢰقԴٰۻ০ٖ՚ۺۍՙ۹ۤʂ؋ڹäۆػɰəìۋɰ.
۩఼ตր
قȃݓɰՙҼ, ۦԦҝÀɠۦΒεЀۦͿʂߕॠəìڹʂߕÀێرǣݓ؍ؕںąڍٮҼ İ३Ԝɾॢՙѕ۹Çমęεьॢɰ. ѕ͟ۋəЀ܃ु܃ܓقज़څॢقȃݓۆԜ ɾ͟ںцۋ١ϔ֟Ϳҙࢢصں˺ܛܛ߯ʂজʽɰ. HWPۆʂߕমęεć͟জॠəìڹۻߕ ۺۍՙ॒ͿࢹࡔǴقԴۋܼćԜ(double counting)ۆڍͲÀەɰ. ٷǽॠϸ܃ܓغߕ˞ڹ
٣֬À֟ѕقʂॢ҃Čε३آॠş˺Лۋɰ.
ɉ. คܤࡧ୪ඨւߛଲ
คܤࡧ୪ඨࢼౢ֫Ջ
սঝʽЀ܃ुۋ۹ۤॠəՙقʂ३ѕńںҙيॠČä͒ॠə֨ۤڹ֨ࠢČşä͒
ՙ(CCX, Chicago Climate Exchange)ۋɰ. ڮٍͥ०ѕńä͒֨ۤ(EU-ETS)قԴəԓρՙ ѕńںۺڌ֨ԓغҙЛۆ٣֬À֟ѕÇ߹ۆݓٍфԓρۆՙ۹ۤقʂॢٖĵՁф
۹ۤ͟ۆҝঝ֬ՁقʂॢڍͲͿЀۦεप॥ॢԓρড়սڙԜթѕńںࠄśॠݓ؍Čە ɰ.
Қйۆۙьۺՙѕńä͒֨ۤۍ֨ࠢČşä͒ՙ(CCX, Chicago Climate Exchange) قԴə֪őܓρ, ԓρąٖфۤսϼЀ܃ुԐغˣںԓρҙЛۆԜթ॒ͿŔ͖ڷͿۍ܁ॠČ
ەɰ. ՙѕńڹԓρՙ۹ۤ͟ۆڮݓфݒʂԐغقۺڌʼ϶ۤսϼЀ܃ु(long-lived wood products, LLWP)ڹæ߹ڌЀۦٮÏۋۤşÂЀۦق۹ۤʼəՙۆێҙقʂ३ҙ يॢɰ. տՙ۹ۤ͟Ѻজقप॥ʾLLWPۆتڹսঝ100țۋݓǦԐڌܼۍЀ܃ु
фϔςݓقۛܕॠəLLWPۆҼڱۋɰ. CCX LLWP ő܁(protocol)ۋەڷ϶, ߸܁ѓѪۆş ցۺۍ ҙқڹ йĶ قȃݓҙ ܃ė 1605b4) şց Àۋ˚͆ۍ(Ѐ܃ु)ق şъॠي ߸܁ॢɰ.
CCX ےغ॒ͿŔ͖ÀۙəŔ˞ۆąٖρۋݓ՚ÀɠॠóąٖʼČەɰČݒϼ३آॢɰ.
̚ॢŔ˞ۆąٖρڹFSC, PEFC ˣCCX ےغڦڙধقԴ֧ۍॢԓρۍݒںন˛३آॢɰ (ग़͈˚, ١֟࣡ν؉ˣĶÀԓρۍݒ॒ͿŔ͖ʪप॥ʿ, Protocol Appendix 1 ܓ).
CCX LLWP protocol(CCX Protocol for Crediting Carbon in Long Lived Wood Products)ق Դ܃֨ʽ100țԐڌܼۍHWPٮϔςʽHWPقۛܕॠəՙۆتڹߣşՙ۹ۤ͟
قʂҼॠيْࠞսĵܓۦə63.9%, টْսĵܓۦə55.4%, PB/MDF/HDFə59.2%, ܛۋə
15.1% ˣۋɰ(Protocol Appendix 2 ܓ).
ୢր୨ඌԧࠜധࢼౢୠԮตր౸୨
জԵٍΒݚأۺۦΒεЀ܃ुۋʂߕॣ˺ۋΠݓə٣֬À֟ѕ۹Çমęε܁͟জॠə
ѓѪڷͿۻę܁थÀ(LCA, life cycle assessment)ÀܳͿۋڌʼČەɰ. LCAəر̅܃ुق
ʂ३ڙΒۆࠄҙࢢदşūݓ(cradle-to-grave) ۻę܁(life-cycle) ʴ؋ۆНݗфقȃݓۆ
로 사용되는 목재의 탄소배출 저감효과를 비교 분석할 수 있다.
건조목재 1kg을 연료 및 제품으로 사용시 CO2배출 저감량을 전과정평가(LCA)를 통해 알아 본 결과, 석탄이나 천연가스를 대체하는 바이오매스연료로 사용시 약 2kg의 CO2저감효과가 발 생하였다. 그러나 목조주택의 구조재를 철재 대신 목재 I-Joist로 대체하면 약 10kg의 CO2가 저 감되었다. 콘크리트 구조재를 대신할 경우에는 약 3.5~3.8kg의 CO2 배출 저감효과가 있었다 (Lippke and Oneil, 2010).
이러한 결과는 목재가 화석연료보다 철, 콘크리트 등 화석연료 집약적 재료를 대체할 때 이산 화탄소 배출저감효과가 더욱 크다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 따라서 장수명 목제품으로 우선적으로 사용하고 폐목재를 연료로 사용하는 것이 배출저감효과를 높이는 방안이 된다.
그림 10. 목재의 이용별 CO2 배출저감효과 비교 (출처 : Lippke and Oneil, 2010)
사용된 목재 kg당 CO2 저감량(kg CO2e) (1) 에너지 : 목잔재 연료 / 석탄
목잔재 연료 / 천연가스
(5) 벽체 마감 : 건조목 스터드 + 합판 / 콘크리트 + 스터코(Stucco) (4) 바닥 마감 : 공학목재 + 합판 / 철재 + 합판 공학목재 + 합판 / 콘크리트 슬라브 (3) 바닥 장선 : 공학목재 I-Joist / 철재 I-Joist (2) 벽체스터드 : 건조목 스터드 / 철재 스터드
ࡧசଭ۩఼ตրࢫୠୋตր֜ॷߢ
ֻࠨ11. ࡧசրࠤൈசଭਓԧਆࢼౢ߆ण֗
(ߌ: Cha, 2009)
ۻę܁थÀεۺڌॠيߏŖࡓࡾν࣡ܳ࢘ںʂߕॠəЀܓܳ࢘ۆ٣֬À֟ѕ۹Çম ęεқԵॢĀę(Cha, 2009)ق˰βϸɳʫܳ࢘(ٍϸۺ174̅) ॢεæ߹֨Ǵۦʽ
٣֬À֟ѕ͟ڹߏŖࡓࡾν࣡ܳ࢘ۋأ133 tCO2,Ѐܓܳ࢘ۋأ51 tCO2Ϳѕ
۹Çমęəۋԓজՙأ82ࢻڷͿқԵʼؽɰ(æ߹ۙۦۆԦԓ, սբфæ߹֨ėɳ ćप॥).
ॢठ, ٍĵʂԜЀܓܳ࢘قԐڌʽЀۦÀ۹ۤॠəۋԓজՙۆتڹأ36ࢻڷͿۋ əԓρۋ۹ۤॠٕʏՙÀսঝʽЀ܃ुڷͿۋʴॢìۋɰ. Ѐܓܳ࢘ڹЀۦۆ
ՙ۹ۤমęεۤşÂьॣսەəܞڹʂ؋ۋʽɰ. ̚ॢЀܓܳ࢘ۆ३ߕ֨ьԦ
ୠԮตրּ۩ฃࠜॺࠨऀࢂଭୢ߃
Սౠࡧ୍ଭॷஹ۩
æ߹ۦͿԐڌʼəЀۦəæ߹Нۆսϼʴ؋ՙεߕǴق۹ۤॢɰ. Ѐܓæ߹ۆݒÀə
HWP ՙ۹ۤ͟ۆݒÀεÀ܋٣ɰ. æ߹ڌЀۦəԐڌսϼʴ؋ۆՙ۹ۤমęۋٽقʪ
ߏۋǣࡓࡾν࣡ˣԦԓę܁قԴজԵٍΒݚأۺۍۦΒεʂߕॠيٖĵۺۍѕÇ߹মę εьԦ֨ࢇɰ.
ॺࠨୂ୍ࠜࢭଲૈ߹ߦվׂ
ÀݓˣԜغۺڷͿսঝʼرۋڌʼݓ؍əԓρۛۦəٍΒۦͿԴÀüۋսݚҼڌ҃ɰ
ǰڷϸԓρǴقǫû܋ׇóʽɰ. ֈÀƴşԓНںսݚॠيজԵٍΒεʂߕॠəцۋ١ٍ
ΒͿԐڌॠϸ٣֬À֟ѕں۹Çॣսەɰ.
ԧվୂ୍ଭଲ
܃ۦࢾё, սक़ˣÀėۛۦəইۦԓρۛۦ҃ɰ۹Ͷॢ(սݚфڏъҼ) ٍΒۋɰ. Ŕ͠ǣ
ःȇΪ(MDF, OSB ˣ)ۆڙΒͿԐڌʼرߏ, ڮν, ࣰ॔͆֟ˣقȃݓݚأۺ܃ुںʂߕॠ şʪॠČ, ߯Ŗقə܃ۦࢾёںۋڌॠيٍΒڌЀۦचσںԦԓॠşʪॢɰ. Àėۛۦε
َڙڷͿԐڌॣąڍЀۦःȇˣڙΒͿԐڌॠيşʂॣսەəʂߕমęεێҙػؙə
ìۋʼرѕݒÀεÀ܋٤սەɰ.
ԩ࣎ ඍࡧ୍ࢫۚ࣎׆คଡധࢭଲૈ߹վׂ
ԓρÂѧڹęՙۋڌʼəцۋ١ϔ֟ėśںɚνϸԴԓρæÌںধ҄ॠČՙѓڙۍ ۍԓҝęѿ३߿ۆڦॹںÇՙ֨ࢇɰ. æ߹दЀۦǣपۤۦ, दݓˣцۋ١दۦəսϼۋ
ɰॢսݚʼرцۋ١ٍΒėśںɚπսەɰ. ɳѧşսঝڹۦۺսঝ͟ں߯ʂজॢɰ.
ౖୡଭॺࠨւࠤ۩ੲ
ҼąٖρڹՁۤॠ϶ČԐڱۋՁۤέęÏ؉ݗ˺ūݓʂşܼՙε܃äॢɰ(տড়ս͟0).
ۋ͠ॢԓρڹড়սڙۆًॣںॠݓЇॢɰ. ԓρۆՁۤ՚ʪÀǰ؉ݓşۻقսঝॠəìڹ
জԵٍΒٮজԵٍΒݚأۺۦΒεʂߕॠČՙε۹ۤॠəԞͿڏ۹ۤČͿՙεۋʴ֨
ࢇɰ. ĀęۺڷͿЀۦεۋڌॢ߯ʂۆѕ۹ÇমęəজԵٍΒݚأۺۍۦΒۆʂߕٮٍΒ
ͿԴۆԐڌںࣀ३Àɠॠɰ.
Ŕρ12قԴ҃ϸěνʼݓ؍ڹԓρ(۾Ը)ڹՙۆ۹ۤČÀʼݓχےͺۆݒÀق˰͆
ߪ۹ۤ͟ڹÇՙॠóʼ϶ԓҝۋǣѿ߿३Ϳۍ३ʂőϿۆѕۋێرǨսʪەɰ. ԓρ
ՙڮۙə҃ɰݚأۺۍԓρąٖںࣀ३ԓρںݓ՚ÀɠॠóěνॠČԦԓʽЀۦεĵܓЀ
ˣۤսϼЀ܃ुڷͿԐڌॠəҼڱںȭيHWP ՙ۹ۤČεɚοɰ. জԵٍΒݚأۺН ݗۆʂߕমęق˰δ۹ÇমęεъٖॢԓρҙЛۆՙ۹ۤমęѺজ͟ڹŔ॒͒ۆÀۤڦ ޅԸۋɰ.
ֻࠨ12. ॺࠨऀࢂীଭୠୋตր (ౢళ: Lippke and Perez-Garcia, 2008)
Ɋ. էߨ
Ѐۦəԓρۋ۹ۤॢՙÀۋʴॢìڷͿ܃ुڷͿÀėʼرԐڌʼəʴ؋ՙε۹ۤ
ॠəমęεьॢɰ. սঝʽЀ܃ु(HWP)ۆՙ۹ۤşيমęεۍ܁ॠيՙć܁ѓѪ
قʂॢȦۆÀć՚ݕॱʼؽɰ. 2012țۋۆप֟࣡İࢹߕ܃قԴЀ܃ुۆՙć܁प॥ي ҙфѓѪۆ०ۆÀ2009țϊࡑङॠôقԴÒ߯ʽşѺজɾԐĶধۆقԴĀ܁ʾìڷͿ
şʂॠٕڷǣԸݕĶęÒʪĶÂۆşѺজقʂॢےқɺںȮČۻъۺڷͿʂςॠيսঝ ʽЀۦुۆՙć܁قʂॢ०ۆфݕۻڹۋΘرݓݓЇ॰ɰ. HWP ՙć܁ۋप॥ʼşڦ ३ԴəɳێѓѪۆۺڌۋज़څॢʚইۦūݓ܃֨ʽۿŖѪڷͿəЀۦսĶęսۓĶÂ ۆۋ३ěć, ԓρęѧۋǣҝѪѧЀۆИًˣۆЛ܃ε३ĀॣսػəЛ܃ε؋Čەر
ԞͿڏѓѪۋÒьʼر०ۆʼݓ؍ڷϸইۦۆş҆ۿŖѪۆć՚ۺڌʪÀɠॢԜডۋɰ.
ڍνǣ͆əЀۦۆܳڅսۓĶڷͿ߹ۺѺজۿŖѪںࣀॢHWP ՙć܁ۋĶÀ٣֬À֟
ѕ۹Çقşيॣսەرڮνॠǣ, ۤşۺڷͿ҇˺ĶԓۦۆԦԓфۋڌںঝʂ३آॠ əࠑϸقԴəԦԓۿŖѪۋڮνॣսʪەر, ۋقʂॢ֪ܼॢۿŖфêࢹÀज़څॠɰ.
ЀۦəۦԦÀɠॢߎٍۙڙڷͿचσˣ֪ۦԦقȃݓͿԐڌʼر٣֬À֟εѕ۹Çॠə
মęεݓɦČەɰ. ০ЀۦεЀܓܳ࢘ۆĵܓЀˣߏ, ؎Θйɔ, ࡓࡾν࣡, ࣰ॔͆֟ˣ
Ԧԓę܁قԴজԵٍΒεɰՙҼॠə܃ुںʂߕॠČۤşÂԐڌॠə܃ुڷͿۆԐڌںɚν ϸ٣֬À֟ѕںࡾó۹Çॣսەɰ. ֈÀƴşԓН, æԺदЀۦˣںцۋ١ϔٍ֟ΒͿ
ۺŕԐڌॠČ, ڙΒͿԴЀۦۆۦটڌںɚνəটʴںࣀ३ԓρҙЛۆ٣֬À֟ѕ۹Çম ęεŕʂজॣսەɰ. НݗζқԵ(MFA, material flow analysis)ۋǣۻę܁थÀ(LCA, life cycle assessment)əۋ͠ॢЀۦۆ۹Ç͟ں܁͟জॣսەəܼڅॢқԵѓѪڷͿےغқآ قۆġѩڦॢۺڌۋज़څॠɰ. ܓρфԓρąٖটʴںࣀॢড়սڙڮݓ· ݒݕںڦॢѕ
ńę॥ƍЀ܃ुقʂॢՙѕńۆҙيфä͒֨ۤۆڏڌںڦॢٍĵεࣀ३ԓρҙЛ ۆşѺজʂڿɠͳںȭێսەɰ.
ఞճࢂෝ
1.
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(http://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/lulucf/items/4016.php)
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Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Prepared by Eggleston H., Buendia L., Miwa K., Ngara T. and Tanabe K. (eds.), National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, IGES, Japan. (http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/vol4.html)
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(http://www.maf.govt.nz/forestry/publications/harvested-wood-productsaccounting/woodproducts02.htm)
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