Four New Species of the Genera Masirana and Longileptoneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) from Korea

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Bo Keun Seo

306Korean J. Environ. Biol. 33(3) : 306~313(2015) http://dx.doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2015.33.3.306

INTRODUCTION

The leptonetid spiders of the genus Masirana are easily distinguished from the species of other genera by the anterior edge of endite extended outward and special apophyses on the distal tibia of the male palp(Komatsu 1942, 1961, 1970). All of the twenty three species listed were recorded from the islands of Japan(World Spider Catalog 2015).

While studying specimens collected during the Korean indigenous species survey, the author identified four new species and one new genus, Longileptoneta songniensis n.

sp., Masirana bonghwaensis n. sp., M. ilweolensis n. sp., M.

flabelli n. sp. and Longileptoneta n. gen., and described.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Specimens were examined and measured using a stereo- microscope(Leica S8APO, Singapore). Photographs were taken with a digital camera(Leica DFC 420) and the images were combined using image stacking software(i-Solution, Future Science Co. Ltd., Taejeon, Korea).

The abbreviations in the text follow Seo(2014a, b): So- matic morphology - c, carapace length; l, length; w, width.

Leg I, length of leg I; Fem. I, length of femur I; Pat. I, length of patella; Tib. I, length of tibia I; Met. I, length of metatarsus I; Tar. I, length of tarsus I; d, p, r and v in leg spination are dorsal, prolateral, retrolateral and ventral side of leg, respectively. The sequence of leg segments in measurement data is as follows: total(femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). Eye area - AER, anterior eye row; ALE, anterior lateral eye; ALE-PME, distance between ALE and PME; PER, posterior eye row; PLE, posterior lateral eye;

PLE-PME, distance between PLE and PME; PME, posteri- or median eye.

All measurements in the text are given in millimeters. The examined specimens are deposited in the National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR), Ministry of Environment, Korea.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Order Araneae Clerck, 1757 거미목

Family Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 잔나비거미과 Genus Longileptoneta n. gen. 긴잔나비거미속(신칭) Type species: Longileptoneta songniensis n. sp.

* Corresponding author: Bo Keun Seo, Tel. 053-580-5209, Fax. 053-580-5558, E-mail. [email protected]

Four New Species of the Genera Masirana and Longileptoneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) from Korea

Bo Keun Seo*

Department of Biology, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Korea

Abstract - Four new species of the genera Masirana Komatsu, 1942 and Longileptoneta n. gen.

(Araneae, Leptonetidae) are described from Gyeongsangbuk-do and Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea, under the names Longileptoneta songniensis n. sp., Masirana bonghwaensis n. sp., M. ilweolensis n.

sp., and M. flabelli n. sp. A new genus, Longileptoneta n. gen., is also described.

Key words: Korea, Longileptoneta, Leptonetidae, Masirana, new species

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Etymology: The generic name comes from the Latin adjec- tive longus meaning “long” referring to the shape of palpal and the name of stem genus Leptoneta.

Diagnosis: The male palp of Longileptoneta n. gen. is sim- ilar to those of Guineta Lin and Li, 2010 and Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 in the tarsal end beyond palpal bulb distin- ctly, the poorly developed embolus and apical sclerites, and the tarsal spurs, but can be distinguished from the latters by the strong spines restricted to the femur, the prolateral distal spur, and the prolateral curvature of tarsus(Fig. 1C-G). The female internal genitalia of Longileptoneta are sinous long tube-like structure and similer to those of Leptoneta, but clearly different from those of Guineta and Leptonetela(Fig.

1H).

Description: Carapace brown and fovea linear, distinct.

Clypeus height 1.8~2.3 times of diameter of ALE. Six eyes.

ALE and PLE contiguous, PMEs also contiguous. PER strongly recurved. Chelicera with seven promarginal and three to four minute retromarginal teeth. Endite bulged out medially, and a little longer than wide(Fig. 1B). Abdomen dark brown, oval. Palp(Fig. 1C-G): femur with many strong spines; tarsus with a spur at tip and a proximal prolateral spur, branched retrolaterally but without transverse depression. Palpal bulb with a leaf-like embolus and a finger-like median sclerite. Female internal genitalia with a pair of tube-shaped ducts(Fig. 1H).

Longileptoneta songniensis n.sp.^{긴잔나비거미}(^신칭) (Fig.1A-H)

Material examined: Holotype: ♂, mixed forest around Galryeong Tunnel(36°30′47″N, 127°55′21″E, alt. 467m), 5.7km southeast of the summit of Mt. Songni, Hwabuk-myeon, Boeun-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, July 5, 2011, T. B.

Ryu. Paratype: 1♀, same data as holotype; 1♂, 1♀, mixed forest around Galmok Tunnel(36°29′39″N, 127°49′24″E, alt. 417m), 7.8m southwest of the summit of Mt. Songni, Songnisan-myeon, Boeun-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, July 4, 2011, T. B. Ryu.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the type locali- ty, Mt. Songni.

Diagnosis: The male palp of L. songniensis n. sp. is very similar to that of Guineta gigachela Lin and Li, 2010, but can be distinguished from the latter by the number of spines

on the femur, the prolateral distal spur of the tarsus, and the finger-like median sclerite on the palpal bulb(Fig. 1C-G).

Description: Male(holotype). Total length 1.32. Habitus as in Fig. 1A. Carapace brown, and 0.60 long, 0.54 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 1.8 times of diameter of ALE.

AER 0.10, PER 0.13. ALE 0.06, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, ALE- PME 0.07, PLE-PME 0.03. Chelicera with seven promarginal and three minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.44 long, 0.43 wide. Labium 0.05 long, 0.12 wide. Endite bulged out medially, and a little longer than wide(Fig. 1B). Leg measurements: I 3.33(0.90, 0.20, 0.95, 0.73, 0.55), II 2.60(0.74, 0.20, 0.70, 0.53, 0.43), III 2.23(0.61, 0.19, 0.54, 0.49, 0.40), IV 3.09(0.85, 0.20, 0.88, 0.68, 0.48). Palp 1.36(0.50, 0.23, 0.28, 0.35). Leg I/c 5.55. Fem. I/c 1.50. Tib I/c 1.58. Met I/

c 1.22. Pat. I+tib. I/c 1.92. Met. I/tar. I 1.33. Met. IV/tar.

IV 1.42. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I d1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1- 0-0-0, p0-1-0; II d1-1-1-0-0-0. Tibiae; I p0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-1, v1-0; II~IV p0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-1. Metatarsi; I v0-1-0; II~IV p0-1-0, v0-1-0. Abdomen dark brown, oval, and 0.68 long, 0.52 wide. Palp(Fig. 1C-G): femur with many strong spines;

tibia without apophysis; tarsus with a spur at tip and a proximal prolateral spur, branched retrolaterally but without transverse depression. Palpal bulb with a leaf-like embolus and two types of sclerite, prolateral sclerite absent: median sclerite small finger-like; retrolateral sclerite transparently membranous.

Female(paratype). Total length 1.30. Carapace 0.66 long, 0.56 wide. Clypeus height 2.3 times of diameter of ALE.

AER 0.10, PER 0.13. ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, ALE- PME 0.07, PLE-PME 0.03. Chelicera with seven promarginal and four minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.46 long, 0.36 wide. Labium 0.08 long, 0.13 wide. Leg measurements:

I lost, II 2.66(0.73, 0.21, 0.70, 0.56, 0.46), III 2.34(0.64, 0.20, 0.55, 0.52, 0.43), IV 3.19(0.91, 0.20, 0.90, 0.70, 0.48).

Palp 1.16(0.38, 0.14, 0.26, 0.38). Leg spination pattern:

Tibiae; II~IV p0-0-0-1, r0-0-0-1. Metatarsi; II, IV p0-1-0, v0-1-0; III p0-1-0. Abdomen oval, 0.66 long, 0.56 wide. In- ternal genitalia; spermatheca and genital duct tube-shaped, loosely coiled(Fig. 1H).

Habitat: Mixed forest.

World Distribution: Korea(Chungcheongbuk-do).

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

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Genus Masirana Komatsu, 1942 턱잔나비거미속(신칭)

Masirana bonghwaensis n.sp.^{봉화잔나비거미}(^신칭) (Fig.2A-G)

Material examined: Holotype: ♂, valley forest(37°02′16″

N, 128°59′37″E, alt. 716m), 8.3km southeast of the summit of Mt. Taebaek, Seokpo-myeon, Bonghwa-gun, Gyeo-

ngsangbuk-do, September 17, 2011, T. B. Ryu.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the type locali- ty, Bonghwa county.

Diagnosis: The male of M. bonghwaensis n. sp. is distin- guished from all other Masirana species by having a very long apophysis with bent tip on the distal end of palpal tibia (Fig. 2F, G).

Description: Male(holotype). Total length 1.86. Habitus Fig. 1. Longileptoneta songniensis n. sp.: A - male, dorsal view; B - male endite; C, E - male right palp, retrolateral view; D, F - ditto, prolat-

eral view; G - ditto, tarsus, dorsal view; H - female, internal genitalia. Scale lines: 0.5mm(A), 0.1mm(the rest).

A

B

C D

E F

G H

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as in Fig. 2A. Carapace brown, 0.76 long, 0.70 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 3.3 times of diameter of ALE.

AER 0.10, PER 0.13. ALE 0.05, PME 0.05, PLE 0.04, ALE- PME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.05. Chelicera with eight promarginal and six minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.57 long, 0.49 wide. Labium 0.10 long, 0.14 wide. Anterior edge of endite extended outward(Fig. 2B). Leg measurements: I 5.11(1.38, 0.28, 1.50, 1.20, 0.75), II 3.98(1.05, 0.25, 1.10, 0.90, 0.68), III 3.38(0.93, 0.20, 0.88, 0.83, 0.53), IV lost.

Palp 1.74(0.73, 0.35, 0.33, 0.33). Leg I/c 6.72. Fem. I/c 1.82.

Tib I/c 1.97. Met I/c 1.58. Pat. I+tib. I/c 2.34. Met. I/tar. I 1.60. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I d2-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, p0- 1-0; II d1-1-0-1. Tibiae; I p1-1, r1-1-1, v1-1; II p0-1-1, r1- 1-1, v1-0; III p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Metatarsi; I v0-1-0; II, III p0- 1-0, v0-1-0. Abdomen dark brown, oval, and 1.02 long, 0.56 wide. Palp(Fig. 2C-G): femur with many strong spines;

tibia with two retrolateral pophyses on distal end, outer one bristle-like and inner one very long, with bent tip; tarsus Fig. 2. Masirana bonghwaensis n. sp.; A - male, dorsal view; B - male endite; C, E - male left palp, prolateral view; D, F - ditto, retrolateral

view; G - ditto, tarsus, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5mm(A), 0.1mm(the rest).

A

B

C D

E F G

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branched slightly, with a transverse depression and six proximal retrolateral bristles. Palpal bulb with an embolus bearing a blunt tip and three types of sclerite: prolateral sclerite and median sclerite blade-like; retrolateral sclerite transparent membrane.

Habitat: Valley forest.

World Distribution: Korea(Gyeongsangbuk-do).

Masirana flabelli n.sp.^{부채잔나비거미}(^신칭) (Fig.3A-H)

N, 128°56′48″E, alt. 230m), 4.1km north north-west of

Unmun Temple in Mt. Unmun, Unmun-myeon, Cheongdo- gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, July 11, 2011, J. S. Park.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the Latin noun flabellum meaning “a small(hand-held) fan” and refers to the shape of outer apophysis on the distal end of palpal tibia.

Diagnosis: The male palp of M. flabelli n. sp. is distingui- shed from all other Masirana species by the fan-like tibial apophysis(Fig. 3F-H).

Description: Male(holotype). Total length 1.48. Habitus as in Fig. 3A. Carapace yellowish brown and 0.62 long, 0.54 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 2.5 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.10, PER 0.12. ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.04, ALE-PME 0.05, PLE-PME 0.01. Chelicera with eight promarginal and four minute retromarginal teeth. Ster- num 0.48 long, 0.33 wide. Labium 0.07 long, 0.12 wide.

Fig. 3. Masirana flabelli n. sp.; A - male, dorsal view; B - male endite; C, E - male left palp, prolateral view; D, F - ditto, retrolateral view; G - ditto, tarsus, dorsal view; H - apophyses of male palpal tibia. Scale lines: 0.5mm(A), 0.1mm(the rest).

A

B

C D

E F H G

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Fig. 4. Masirana ilweolensis n. sp.; A - male, dorsal view; B - male endite; C, F - male left palp, prolateral view; D, E - ditto, retrolateral view; G - ditto, tarsus, dorsoprolateral view; H - female, internal genitalia. Scale lines: 0.5mm(A), 0.1mm(the rest).

A

B

C D

E G F

H

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Anterior edge of endite extended outward(Fig. 3B). Leg measurements: I lost, II 2.60(0.74, 0.20, 0.68, 0.54, 0.44), III 2.26(0.62, 0.18, 0.54, 0.50, 0.42), IV 3.10(0.88, 0.18, 0.90, 0.68, 0.46). Palp 1.06(0.44, 0.16, 0.20, 0.26). Leg spination pattern: Tibiae; II p0-1-0, v1-0; III p0-0-1; IV p0- 0-0-1, r0-0-0-1. Metatarsi; III p0-1-0, v0-1-0; IV v0-1-0.

Abdomen dark brown, oval and 0.76 long, 0.52 wide. Palp (Fig. 3C-H): femur without strong spine; tibia with two retrolateral apophyses on distal end, outer one fan-like and inner one curved spine-like, and with a retrolateral spur;

tarsus unbranched, with a transverse depression. Palpal bulb with a sickle-like embolus and three types of sclerite: prolateral sclerite narrrowleaf-like; median sclerite blade-like;

retrolateral sclerite transparently membranous.

Masirana ilweolensis n.sp.^{일월잔나비거미}(^신칭) (Fig.4A-H)

N, 129°10′29″E, alt. 360m), 8.2km southeast of the summit of Mt. Ilweol, Ilweol-myeon, Yeongyang-gun, Gyeong- sangbuk-do, October 6, 2009, S. Y. Kim. Paratype: 1♂, 1♀, valley forest(36°46′42″N, 128°56′18″E, alt. 506m), 2.1km southeast of Cheongryang Temple, Myeongho-myeon, Bong- hwa-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, October 8, 2009, S. Y. Kim.

Etymology: The specific name comes from the type locali- ty, Mt. Ilweol.

Diagnosis: The male palp of M. ilweolensis n. sp. is distin- guished from all other Masirana species by the serrated tip of embolus(Fig. 4E, F).

Description: Male(holotype). Total length 2.00. Habitus as in Fig. 4A. Carapace yellowish brown and 0.78 long, 0.66 wide; fovea linear, distinct. Clypeus height 3.8 times of diameter of ALE. AER 0.11, PER 0.14. ALE 0.06, PME 0.05, PLE 0.06, ALE-PME 0.08, PLE-PME 0.03. Chelicera with eight promarginal and six minute retromarginal teeth. Ster- num 0.56 long, 0.53 wide. Labium 0.13 long, 0.16 wide.

Anterior edge of endite extended outward(Fig. 4B). Leg measurements: I(lost a part)(1.58, 0.28, 1.78, -, -), II 4.58 (1.30, 0.25, 1.30, 1.03, 0.70), III 3.82(1.03, 0.25, 0.98, 0.93,

0.63), IV 5.27(1.48, 0.28, 1.58, 1.20, 0.73). Palp 1.91(0.88, 0.35, 0.25, 0.43). Fem. I/c 1.98. Tib I/c 2.23. Pat. I+tib. I/

c 2.58. Met. IV/tar. IV 1.64. Leg spination pattern: Femora;

I 1-1-1-1-1-1-0-0-0-0-0-0, p0-1; II 1-1-1-1-0-0-0-0. Tibiae;

I p0-1-1-1, r0-1-1-1, v1-1-1-0; II p0-1-1, r0-1-1, v1-1-0; III p0-1-1, r0-1-1; IV p0-0-1, r0-1-1, v1-0-0. Metatarsi; I v0- 1-0; II p0-1-0, r0-1-0, v0-1-0; III v1-1; IV p0-1-0, v0-1-0.

Abdomen dark brown, oval, 1.04 long, 0.64 wide. Palp(Fig.

4C-G): femur with many strong spines; tibia with two retrolateral apophyses on distal end, outer one membranous and inner one transparent cone-like; tarsus unbranched, with a transverse depression. Palpal bulb with an embolus bearing a serrated tip and three types of sclerite: prolateral sclerite narrrowleaf-like; median sclerite short spine-like; retrolateral sclerite transparently membranous.

Female(paratype). Total length 1.86. Carapace 0.86 long, 0.76 wide. Clypeus height 3.8 times of diameter of ALE.

AER 0.12, PER 0.14. ALE 0.05, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05, ALE- PME 0.10, PLE-PME 0.05. Chelicera with eight promarginal and four minute retromarginal teeth. Sternum 0.59 long, 0.55 wide. Labium 0.13 long, 0.17 wide. Leg measurements:

I 5.41(1.48, 0.30, 1.63, 1.20, 0.80), II 4.29(1.23, 0.28, 1.20, 0.93, 0.65), III 3.61(1.03, 0.25, 0.90, 0.83, 0.60), IV(lost a part)(1.45, 0.25, 1.48, -, -). Palp 1.84(0.63, 0.20, 0.43, 0.58).

Leg I/c 6.29. Fem. I/c 1.72. Tib I/c 1.90. Met I/c 1.40. Pat.

I+tib. I/c 2.24. Met. I/tar. I 1.50. Leg spination pattern:

Femora; I d1-1-1-1-0-0-0-0, p0-1; II d1-1-0. Tibiae; I p0-1- 1-1, r0-1-1, v1-1; II p0-1-1, r0-1-1, v1-0; III p0-1-1, r1-1;

IV p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Metatarsi; II p0-1-0; III, p0-1-0, v0-1-0.

Abdomen oval, 1.00 long, 0.76 wide. Internal genitalia;

spermatheca pear-shaped, genital duct long(Fig. 4H).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This work was supported by the grants of the National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment(MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR 2014-02-001; NIBR 201501201).

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