A New Species and Three New Records of the Family Lycosidae (Araneae) from Korea

Korean J. Environ. Biol. 35(2) : 175~183(2017) https://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2017.35.2.175

INTRODUCTION

The spider family Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 is one of the species-rich spider families, recognized by the arrange- ment of eight eyes into three rows, do not spin webs, and the females attach the egg sac to their spinnerets (Robert 1985).

The family includes 2405 species in 123 genera world- wide (World Spider Catalog 2017). Among them, 49 species and 8 genera have been reported from Korea (Yoo et al.

2015).

While studying specimens collected during the Korean indigenous species survey, four species, belonging to the genera Alopecosa, Lycosa and Pardosa, were identified as a new species and three species new to Korea; Alopecosa

(Clerck, 1757),

Tanaka and Suwa, 1986.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Leg measurements are shown as: total (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). The following abbreviations are

used: c, carapace length; d, p, r and v in leg spination are dorsal, prolateral, retrolateral and ventral side of leg, respec- tively; Leg I, length of leg I; AER, anterior eye row; ALE, anterior lateral eye; ALE-PLE, distance between ALE and PLE; AME, anterior median eye; AME-ALE, distance be- tween AME and ALE; AME-AME, distance between AMEs;

AME-PME, distance between AME and PME; PER, pos- terior eye row; PLE, posterior lateral eye; PME, posterior median eye; PME-PLE, distance between PME and PLE;

PME-PME, distance between PMEs. All measurements are in millimeters. The type specimens are deposited in the Na- tional Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Ministry of Environment, Korea.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Order Araneae Clerck, 1757

Family Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833

Genus Alopecosa Simon, 1885



Alopecosa aculeata (Clerck,

1757)

(

)

(Figs.

1A-G,

2A-F)

Material examined: 1♀, 5♂♂, mixed forest at mountain foot (36°49′22″N, 129°05′10″E, alt. 805 m), 2.7 km north- west of the summit of Mt. Ilweol, Jesan-myeon, Bonghwa-

* Corresponding author: Bo Keun Seo, Tel. 053-580-5209, Fax. 053-580-5558, E-mail. [email protected]

ⓒ2017. Korean Society of Environmental Biology.

A New Species and Three New Records of the Family Lycosidae (Araneae) from Korea

Bo Keun Seo*

Major in Biological Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea

Abstract - Four species of the family Lycosidae are reported. Alopecosa gachangensis n. sp. is described from Daegu, Korea. A. aculeata (Clerck, 1757), Lycosa boninensis Tanaka, 1989 and Pardosa hokkaido Tanaka and Suwa, 1986 are newly recorded to the Korean spider fauna.

Key words : Alopecosa, Korea, Lycosa, new species, Pardosa

<Original article>

Bo Keun Seo 176

gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 24 May 2015, B. K. Seo.

Diagnosis. A. aculeata (Clerck, 1757) is very similar to A.

virgata

(Kishida, 1909) in the general appearance, but dif- ferent from the latter by the angular tip of median apophy- sis in the male palp and the spermathecae extending beyond the anterior end of hood in the female internal genitalia (Figs.

1B-G, 2D, F).

Description. Male. Total length 8.60. Habitus as in Fig. 1A.

Carapace reddish brown with a broad white median band;

4.40 long, 3.20 wide; median furrow and radial grooves distinct; clypeus height 0.8 times of diameter of AME. AER

0.85, PER 1.31; AME 0.17, ALE 0.20, PME 0.44, PLE 0.36, AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.30, PME- PLE 0.39, AME-PME 0.16, and ALE-PLE 0.85. Median ocular quadrangle, posterior side

height

anterior side (86 : 60 : 34). Chelicera with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Sternum 2.00 long, 1.60 wide. Labium 0.50 long, 0.50 wide. Leg measurements: I 11.00 (3.10, 1.60, 2.40, 2.20, 1.70), II 10.60 (3.00, 1.60, 2.20, 2.20, 1.60), III 10.30 (2.90, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 1.40), IV 14.20 (3.70, 1.60, 2.90, 4.00, 2.00). Leg I/c 2.50. Fem. I/c 0.70. Tib I/c 0.55.

Met I/c 0.50. Pat. I+tib. I/c 0.91. Met. I/tar. I 1.29. Met.

Fig. 1. Alopecosa aculeata(Clerck, 1757), male: A-habitus, dorsal view; B, E-left palp, prolateral view; C, F-ditto, retrolateral view; D, G- ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 1mm(A), 0.5mm(rest).

A B C D

E F G

IV/tar. IV 2.00. Leg spination pattern: Femora; I, II d1-1- 1, p0-0-1; III d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r1-1-1; IV d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0- 0-1. Tibiae; I, II p1-1, r0-0-1, v2-2-2; III, IV d1-1, p1-1, r1- 1, v2-2-2. Metatarsi; I p0-1-2, r0-0-1, v2-2-1; II p1-1-2, r0- 1-2, v2-2-1; III p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2-1; IV p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v1-2-2-1. Abdomen oval and reddish brown, with a broad white median band; 4.20 long, 2.80 wide. Palpal organ (Fig.

1B-G); tegulum with prolateral distal extension; terminal

apophysis small; median apophysis tip angular, with a me- sally directed hook.

Female. Total length 11.80. Habitus as in Fig. 2A. Car- apace 5.50 long, 4.00 wide; clypeus height 0.9 times of diameter of AME. AER 0.96, PER 1.96; AME 0.13, ALE 0.13, PME 0.30, PLE 0.26, AME-AME 0.05, AME-ALE 0.01, PME-PME 0.23, PME-PLE 0.33, AME-PME 0.12, and ALE-PLE 0.96. Median ocular quadrangle, posterior

dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm(A), 0.1mm(rest).

A B

C D

E F

Bo Keun Seo 178

side

height

anterior side (58 : 42 : 25). Sternum 2.30 long, 2.00 wide. Labium 0.70 long, 0.70 wide. Leg measurements:

I 12.9. (3.70, 1.90, 2.80, 2.70, 1.80), II 12.60 (3.60, 1.80, 2.70, 2.70, 1.80), III 12.50 (3.50, 1.70, 2.40, 3.10, 1.80), IV 18.50 (4.60, 2.00, 3.90, 5.30, 2.40). Leg I/c 2.35. Fem. I/

c 0.67. Tib I/c 0.51. Met I/c 0.49. Pat. I+tib. I/c 0.85. Met.

I/tar. I 1.50. Met. IV/tar. IV 2.21. Leg spination pattern:

Femora; I d1-1-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1; II, III d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r1- 1-1; IV d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-0-1. Tibiae; I, II p1-1, v2-2-2; III, IV d1-1, p1-1, r1-1, v2-2-2. Metatarsi; I r0-1-1, v2-2-2; II p0-0-2, r0-1-2, v1-2-1; III p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2-1; IV p1-1- 2, r1-1-2, v1-2-2-1. Abdomen with a black mark on anterior broad white median band; 7.00 long, 4.60 wide. Epigynum hooded; median septum slender; internal genitalia with two pairs of spermathecae and anterior spermathecae extending beyond hood; fertilization ducts well developed (Fig. 2B-F).

Habitat: Mixed forest.

World Distribution: Holarctic region.

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.



Alopecosa gachangensis n.

sp.

(

)

(Fig.

3A-F)

Material examined: Holotype: ♀, mixed forest near valley (35°45′05″N, 128°34′04″E, alt. 300 m), 3.4 km west south- west of the summit of Mt. Choijeongol, Gachang-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, 1 July 1993, S. Y. Jeong.

Etymology. The specific name comes from the type locali- ty, Gachang.

Diagnosis. The female of A. gachangensis n. sp. is similar to that of A. albostriata (Grube, 1861) in the broad median septum of epigynum, but differs from the latter by the struc- tures of the spermathacae and genital ducts of the internal genitalia (Fig. 3B-F).

Description. Female (holotype). Total length 9.40. Habitus as in Fig. 3A. Carapace reddish brown with a broad yellow- ish brown median band; 4.80 long, 3.40 wide; median fur- row and radial grooves distinct; clypeus height about equal to diameter of AME. AER 0.95, PER 1.37; AME 0.18, ALE 0.17, PME 0.40, PLE 0.36, AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.07, PME-PME 0.34, PME-PLE 0.46, AME-PME 0.17, and ALE-PLE 1.48. Median ocular quadrangle, posterior side

height

anterior side (83 : 59 : 37). Chelicera with

three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Sternum 6.30 long, 5.30 wide. Labium 0.60 long, 0.80 wide. Leg mea- surements: I 10.70 (3.10, 1.60, 2.20, 2.10, 1.70), II 10.20 (2.90, 1.50, 2.00, 2.20, 1.60), III 10.30 (2.80, 1.50, 1.90, 2.40, 1.70), IV 13.90 (3.70, 1.60, 2.70, 3.90, 2.00). Leg I/

c 2.23. Fem. I/c 0.65. Tib I/c 0.46. Met I/c 0.44. Pat. I+tib.

I/c 0.79. Met. I/tar. I 1.294 Met. IV/tar. IV 1.95. Leg spina- tion pattern: Femora; I d1-1-1, p0-0-1, r0-1-1; II, III d1-1- 1, p0-1-1, r1-1-1; IV d1-1-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1. Tibiae; I, II p1- 1, v2-2-2; III d1-1, p1-1, r1-1, v2-1-2; IV d1-1, p1-1, r1-1, v2-2-2. Metatarsi; I p0-1-2, r0-0-1, v2-2-1; II p1-1-2, r0-0- 1, v2-2-1; III p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2-1; IV p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v1- 2-2-1. Abdomen oval and dark brown, with four discrete chevrons on dorsum; 5.40 long, 3.50 wide. Epigynum with a broad median septum connected anteriorly with copulato- ry openings; internal genitalia with two pairs of spermathe- cae; fertilization ducts developed (Fig. 3B-F).

Habitat: Mixed forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Daegu).

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

Genus Lycosa Latreille, 1804



Lycosa boninensis Tanaka,

1989

(

)

(Fig.

4A-G)

Material examined: 1♀, mixed forest (34°42′42″N, 128°

35′16″E, alt. 69 m), 1.4 km west southwest of the summit of Mt. Mang, Nambu-myeon, Geoje-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 13 July 2013, B. K. Seo.

Diagnosis. The male palp of L. boninensis Tanaka, 1989 is similar to that of Trochosa ruricoloides Schenkel, 1963. in the general appearance, but distinguished from the latter by the shape of terminal apophysis and the cymbium with sev- eral stout spines distally (Fig. 4B-G).

Description. Male. Total length 8.90. Habitus as in Fig. 4A.

Carapace brown with a yellowish spindle-shaped median band; both margins with yellowish waving patterns; 5.20 long, 3.90 wide; median furrow and radial grooves distinct;

clypeus height about radius of AME. AER 1.00, PER 1.36;

AME 0.26, ALE 0.20, PME 0.52, PLE 0.40, AME-AME

0.10, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.20, PME-PLE 0.30,

AME-PME 0.12, and ALE-PLE 0.82. Median ocular quad-

rangle, posterior side

height

anterior side (55 : 43 : 28).

Chelicera with three teeth on each margin. Sternum 2.38 long, 2.08 wide. Labium 0.54 long, 0.72 wide. Leg mea- surements: I 14.70 (4.00, 1.90, 3.00, 3.30, 2.50), II 13.80 (3.80, 1.80, 2.80, 3.10, 2.30), III 13.10 (3.50, 1.70, 2.30, 3.40, 2.20), IV 17.60 (4.50, 1.70, 3.50, 5.10, 2.80). Leg I/c 2.83. Fem. I/c 0.77. Tib I/c 0.58. Met I/c 0.63. Pat. I+tib. I/

c 0.94. Met. I/tar. I 1.32. Met. IV/tar. IV 1.82. Leg spination

pattern: Femora; I d2-2-2, p0-0-2; II d2-2-2, p0-1-1, r1-0- 0; III d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r1-1-1; IV d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-0(1)-1.

Tibiae; I, II d0-1, p1-1, r1-1, v2-2-2; III, IV d1-1, p1-1, r1- 1, v2-2-2. Metatarsi; I-III p1-1-2, r1-1-2, v2-2-1; IV p1-1- 2, r1-1-2, v1-2-2-1. Abdomen oval and brown; five brown transverse patterns on broad yellowish median band cov- ered with whitish pubescence; 4.90 long, 2.60 wide. Palpal organ; cymbium with several stout spines distally; embolar

sal view. Scale bars: 1mm(A), 0.1mm(rest).

A B

C D

E F

Bo Keun Seo 180

tip clearly visible in ventral view; median apophysis trian- gular, directed ventrally (Fig. 4B-G).

Habitat: Mixed forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Gyeongsangnam-do), Japan, Taiwan.

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

Genus Pardosa C.L. Koch, 1847



Pardosa hokkaido Tanaka and Suwa,

1986

(

)

(Figs.

5A-G,

6A-F)

Material examined: 19♀♀, 4♂♂, mixed forest near valley (35°45′05″N, 128°34′04″E, alt. 300 m), 3.4 km west south- west of the summit of Mt. Choijeongol, Gachang-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu, 1 July 1993, J. J. Gwak; 2♀♀, mixed forest near valley (36°06′31″N, 128°00′40″E, alt. 186 m), 4 km southeast of the summit of Mt. Hwangak, Daehang-

ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 1mm(A), 0.5mm(rest).

A B C D

E F G

myeon, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 3 September 2005, B. K. Seo; 1♀, 2♂♂, mixed forest near mountain road (35°47′30″N, 128°05′34″E, alt. 553 m), 3.4 km south- west of the summit of Mt. Gaya, Gaya-myeon, Hapcheon- gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, 26 May 2007, B. K. Seo; 1♂, mixed forest near valley (35°46′01″N, 128°01′52″E, alt. 571 m), 5.9 km west southwest of the summit of Mt. Maehwa, Gabuk-myeon, Geochang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, 12 Au- gust 2007, B. K. Seo.

Diagnosis. P. hokkaido Tanaka and Suwa, 1986 is very sim- ilar to P. laura Karsch, 1879 in the general appearance, but

different from the latter by the tip of median apophysis in the male palp and the shapes of copulatory openings, sper- mathecae, and fertilization ducts, in the female genitalia (Figs. 5B-G, 6B-F).

Description. Male. Total length 5.17. Habitus as in Fig.

5A. Carapace reddish brown with a broad yellowish median band; 3.02 long, 2.27 wide; median furrow distinct; clypeus height 1.7 times of diameter of AME. AER 0.58, PER 1.26;

AME 0.12, ALE 0.12, PME 0.38, PLE 0.30, AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.32, PME-PLE 0.38, AME-PME 0.12, and ALE-PLE 0.72. Median ocular quad-

view; D, G-ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 1mm(A), 0.5mm(rest).

A B C D

E F G

Bo Keun Seo 182

rangle, posterior side

height

anterior side (49 : 32 : 16).

Chelicera with three teeth on each margin. Sternum 1.34 long, 1.14 wide. Labium 0.26 long, 0.34 wide. Leg mea- surements: I 8.83 (2.21, 0.95, 2.08, 2.14, 1.45), II 8.65 (2.27, 0.95, 1.83, 2.21, 1.39), III 8.76 (2.27, 0.88, 1.70, 2.52, 1.39), IV 12.36 (2.96, 0.95, 2.65, 3.97, 1.83). Leg I/c 2.92. Fem. I/

c 0.73. Tib I/c 0.69. Met I/c 0.71. Pat. I+tib. I/c 1.00. Met.

I/tar. I 1.48. Met. IV/tar. IV 2.17. Leg spination pattern:

Femora; I d1-1-1, p0-0-2, r0-1-1; II, III d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0- 1-1; IV d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-0-1. Tibiae; I-IV d1-1, p1-1, r1- 1, v2-2-2. Metatarsi; I, III p1-1-1, r1-1-1, v2-2-3; II p1-1-1, r1-1-1, v2-2-2; IV p1-1-1, r1-1-1, v1-1-1-1-1-3. Abdomen elliptical and dark brown, with a broad yellowish median band extended to about two-thirds length of dorsum; 2.52 long, 1.64 wide. Palpal organ; terminal apophysis developed retrolaterally; embolar tip hidden behind median apophysis;

Fig. 6. Pardosa hokkaido Tanaka and Suwa, 1986, female: A-habitus, dorsal view; B-epigynum; C, E-internal genitalia, ventral view; D, F- ditto, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm(A), 0.1mm(rest).

A B

C D

E F

median apophysis with pointed tip directed mesally (Figs.

5B-G).

Female. Total length 5.73. Habitus as in Fig. 6A. Carapace with a broad yellowish median band wider in front than be- hind; two yellow lines along each margin; clypeus height 1.5 times of diameter of AME. AER 0.58, PER 1.20; AME 0.12, ALE 0.12, PME 0.36, PLE 0.28, AME-AME 0.10, AME- ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.26, PME-PLE 0.36, AME-PME 0.12, and ALE-PLE 0.72. Median ocular quadrangle, poste- rior side

height

anterior side (46 : 31 : 15). Sternum 1.48 long, 1.18 wide. Labium 0.34 long, 0.40 wide. Leg mea- surements: I 8.38 (2.33, 1.01, 1.89, 1.83, 1.32), II 8.13 (2.27, 1.01, 1.76, 1.83, 1.26), III 8.20 (2.21, 0.95, 1.64, 2.14, 1.26), IV 12.34 (3.09, 1.13, 2.58, 3.78, 1.76). Leg I/c 2.89. Fem. I/

c 0.80. Tib I/c 0.65. Met I/c 0.63. Pat. I+tib. I/c 1.00. Met.

I/tar. I 1.39. Met. IV/tar. IV 2.15. Leg spination pattern:

Femora; I d1-1-1, p0-0-2, r0-1-1; II, III d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0- 1-1; IV d1-1-1, p0-1-0, r0-0-1. Tibiae; I, II p1-0, r1-0, v2-2- 2-2; III, IV d1-1, p1-1, r1-1, v2-2-2. Metatarsi; I, II p1-1-1, r1-1-1, v2-2-2; III p1-1-1, r1-1-1, v2-2-3; IV p1-1-1, r1-1-1, v1-1-1-1-1-3. Abdomen dark brown, with an anchor mark and three pairs of yellowish brown marks medially; 2.84 long, 2.08 wide. Epigynum with a pair of hooded grooves medially and a pair of copulatory openings posteriorly; inter- nal genitalia with a pair of spermathecae and fertilization ducts (Fig. 6B-F).

Habitat: Mixed forest.

World Distribution: Korea (Gyeongsang-do), Japan, Russia.

Deposition: NIBR.

Identifier: Bo Keun Seo.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This work was supported by grants from the National Ins- titute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Minis- try of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR No. 2017-01-201).

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Received: 25 May 2017 Revision accepted: 5 June 2017