YBO 3 :Eu 3+x X ì Ät ] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý ] k ù° Ë Ñ ¤V R Ë

(1)

YBO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x X ì Ät ] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý ] k ù° Ë Ñ ¤V R Ë

T

) ç ¬ £ ^∗

@ / < Æ § F « Ñ/ B N < Æõ , Â Òí ß 617-736 (2008¸ 12 Z 4 4{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §)

Y

1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺_x

ì r ´ ú + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ è : r ¸\ ¦ 1000, 1100, Õ ªo ¦ 1200

^◦

C Ð or v ¦ Eu s : r < Ê Ä

»| ¾ Ó` ¦ or v 9 ¦ © ì ø Í6 £ xZ O (solid state reaction)` ¦ s 6 x # ] j ¸ % i . è : r ¸_ oü <

Eu

³⁺

_ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ É r & ñ $ í , ³ ð + þ A © x 9 + þ AF g: £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ì r$ 3 % i . X- r] X z ´+ « >\ _ è : r

¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í s ¾ Ó © ÷ &% 3 Ü ¼ 9, Y

1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺_x

ì r ´ ú s (100) x 9 (102) ~ ½ Ó ¾ Ó_ Å Ò

& ñ ` ¦ t 9, (002), (110), Õ ªo ¦ (104) x ß ¼\ ¦ t H & ñ © Ü ¼ Ð $ í © % i 6 £ §` ¦ S X ½ + É Ã º e

% 3 . Å Ò & ³p â ` ¦ s 6 x ô Ç { 9 _ p [ j½ ¨ ¸ 8 £ ¤& ñ ` ¦ : x # è : r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ { 9 _ ß ¼ l

& t ¦ ç H{ 9 > H d` ¦ S X % i . è : r ¸_ 7 £ x \ É r + þ AF g y © ¸_ 7 £ x H ì r ´ ú { 9 _

&

ñ $ í x 9 { 9 + þ AI _ ç H{ 9 $ í _ ¾ Ó © \ _ ô Ç כ e ` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 . Y

^1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺x

ì r ´ ú _ + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à

Ô! 3 É r Eu

³⁺

_ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.15 mol\ " f © a % ~ É r : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ f ` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 Ü ¼ 9, 0.20 mol Ð 7 £ x ½ + É M : 0

l

x ¸ èY > & ³ © s µ 1 ÏÒ q t < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 .

PACS numbers: 78.55.-m, 78.20.-e

Keywords: YBO

3

:Eu

³⁺

, & h Ò o + þ AF g ^ , Photoluminescence

I. " e Â ] Ø

þ

j H \ Ð Z } É r ´ òÖ ¦ _ n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us \ ¦ > hµ 1 Ï l 0 Aô Ç

½ ¨ ' × æ X < plasma display panel (PDP) ì r

\

¦ q 2 © # , f t H PDP ë ß p u © 6 x o÷ &t H 3 l wÙ þ ¡ t

ë ß # Q t © & h ` ¦ כ Ü ¼ Ð ¨ î ÷ & H electro- luminescence display (ELD) x 9 field emission display (FED), light emitting diode (LED) 1 p x s e . FEDü <

PDP ° ú É r @ /³ ð& h ¨ î ó ø Í n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us è \ H Á º% Á Ð

Z } É r ´ òÖ ¦` ¦ ° ú H + þ AF gÓ ü t| 9 [ þ t _ > hµ 1 Ïs כ ¹½ ¨ ) a [1–

5]. s Qô Ç ¦´ òÖ ¦ _ + þ AF g ^ > hµ 1 Ï` ¦ 0 AK Ð $ + þ AF g

^

_ µ 1 Ï F g B j& m 7 £ §` ¦ µ 1 ßy H כ s B Ä º × æ כ ¹ . + þ AF g

^

_ + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ \ % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ p u H & ñ $ í s ³ ð + þ A © õ

° ú É r Ã º[ þ t _ o\ ¦ u < ÊÜ ¼ Ð + þ AF g ^ _ 6 f ¸ ¾ Ó ©

\

@ /ô Ç ½ ¨\ ¦ e . ¢ ¸ô Ç + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ s À Ò H y $ í ì r _ F

g < Æ& h % i ½ + É` ¦ µ 1 ß) " f, Õ ª % i ½ + É_ F G @ / o\ ¦ : x K 6 f ¸\ ¦ 7

£

x r v H ½ ¨ ¸ Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy ' ÷ &# Q M ® o [6].

þ

j H \ B ÐÀ Ó s : r s ' ) a orthoborate (REBO ₃ ) _ ]

j ¸ü < + þ AF g : £ ¤$ í \ @ /ô Ç ½ ¨[ þ t s e ¦ Ý ¼ n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us J

V , 6 x _ (plasma display panel: PDP) / B N ü @ + þ AF g

^

Ð_ 6 £ x6 x` ¦ 0 A # Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy ' ÷ &# Q M ® o [7–9]. PDP

∗

E-mail: ssyi@silla.ac.kr

6 x _ + þ AF g ^ Ð s 6 x l 0 AK " f H + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ _ ¾ Ó © ÷ r ë ß

m Ò o_ í H ¸\ ¦ ¾ Ó © r v H כ ¸ × æ כ ¹ô ÇX < s \ ¦ 0 A K

B ÐÀ Ó s : r s ' ) a orthoborate ¸ { 9 [ þ t \ @ / ô

Ç ½ ¨ õ [ þ t ¸ µ 1 Ï³ ð ) a e [10]. : r ½ ¨\ " f H YBO 3 \ ¦ ¸^ (host) Ð # Eu ³⁺ \ ¦ Ö ¸$ í ^ (activator) Ð '

# & h Ò o + þ AF g ^ Ð 6 x l 0 A # Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó

\

ì r ´ ú ` ¦ ] j ¸ % i Ü ¼ 9, ì r ´ ú _ & ñ ½ ¨ ¸, ³ ð

½

¨ ¸ Õ ªo ¦ + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 ` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ ¦ ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í x 9

³ ð + þ A © õ + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ õ _ ' a > \ @ / # ½ ¨ % i

.

II. ÷ m Ç ] M ö

Y _1−x BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú r « Ñ H Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó` ¦ 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, Õ ªo ¦ 0.20 mol Ð or v 9, Y 2 O ₃ (99.99 %,Aldrich), H ₃ BO ₃ (99.9 %,Aldrich), Õ ªo ¦ Eu ₂ O ₃ (99.99 %,Aldrich) _ o < Æ& h | ¾ ÓÜ ¼ ÐÂ Ò' ï r q ÷ &% 3

. Y 1−x BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _ ] j ¸ H Ä º 1 ball mill` ¦

l 0 A # e ¦ Û ¼h Ë : ÐÖ ¦(Bowl) \ ï r q ô Ç r « Ñü < ZrO

^

¦` ¦ ° ú s V , # Q 460 rpmÜ ¼ Ð 20 r ç ß ball mill` ¦ ô Ç Ê ê

D ¥ ½ + Ëô Ç ì r ´ ú _ ^ ¦` ¦ Q? /# Q | ¸ % i . | ¸ ) a r « Ñ

\

¦ [ j b ¸m \ V , ¦ l Ð\ " f 3 ^◦ C/min _ q Ö ¦

Ð 600 ^◦ C t ` ¦ 2 ; 6 £ § 4 r ç ß 1 l x î ß è (calcining)/ B N

-73-

(2)

Fig. 1. XRD patterns of Y 0.85 BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 phosphors syn- thesized at different temperatures (a) 1000 ^◦ C, (b) 1100

◦ C, and (c) 1200 ^◦ C.

&

ñ ` ¦ 2 ; Ê ê 2 ball mill` ¦ % i . 2 ball mills = å Q è

ß ì r ´ ú ` ¦ l Ð\ V , ¦ 1000, 1100 x 9 1200 ^◦ C \ " f 4r ç

ß 1 l x î ß è % i .

Y _1−x BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _ & ñ ½ ¨ ¸ü < & ñ $ í ` ¦ ¸ l

0 AK X- r] X (XRD, X-ray diffraction)` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ % i Ü

¼ 9, X- _ í ß ê ø Íy (2θ É r 15 ^◦ ∼ 70 ^◦ % ò % i \ " f ì r { © 2 ^◦ _ Û

¼ ± p 5 Å q ¸ Ð 8 £ ¤& ñ % i . ³ ð p [ j½ ¨ ¸ H Å Ò & ³p

â

(scanning electron microscope : SEM)` ¦ s 6 x # 8 £ ¤

&

ñ % i Ü ¼ 9, + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 É r Xenon Ï þ á Ô\ ¦ F g " é ¶ Ü ¼ Ð

H + þ AF g F g ¸> (Perkin-Elmer, LS50B)\ ¦ 6 x # 235 nm _ © Ü ¼ Ð # l r & z ´ : r \ " f 8 £ ¤& ñ % i .

III. ÷ m Ç] M ö+ s ÇÊ Ý õ m Í w ² o

Fig. 1 \ " f H ¦ © ì ø Í6 £ xZ O Ü ¼ Ð ½ + Ë$ í ô Ç Y _0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ

AF g ^ ì r ´ ú _ è : r ¸\ É r X- r] X © ` ¦ YBO 3 _ JCPDS(35-0591) õ ü < q § # ] jr % i . è

: r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í s ¾ Ó © ÷ &% 3 Ü ¼ 9, Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú s (100) x 9 (102) ~ ½ Ó ¾ Ó_ Å Ò & ñ

` ¦ t 9, (002), (110), Õ ªo ¦ (104) x ß ¼\ ¦ t H

& ñ © Ü ¼ Ð $ í © % i 6 £ §` ¦ S X ½ + É Ã º e % 3 .

Fig. 2 H è : r ¸\ É r Y 0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 ì r ´ ú [ þ t _ SEM s . è : r ¸ 1000 ^◦ C \ " f 1200 ^◦ C Ð 7 £ x

< Ê\ { 9 _ ß ¼l 7 £ x % i Ü ¼ 9, { 9 _ ß ¼l

¢

¸ô Ç ç H{ 9 K f ` ¦ · ú Ã º e . 7 £ ¤ è : r ¸ 7 £ x < Ê\

Y ^0.85 BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ AF g ^ ì r ´ ú _ { 9 [ þ t _ ì ø Í6 £ x s Ö ¸ µ

1 Ï > { 9 # Qz ¤6 £ §` ¦ \ V © K ^ ¦ Ã º e .

Fig. 3(a) H É r : r ¸\ " f è ) a Y _0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ

AF g ^ ì r ´ ú [ þ t \ @ /K 611 nm _ + þ AF g \ @ /ô Ç # l + þ

AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 ` ¦ · p כ s . è : r ¸\ ' a > \ O s

200 nm\ " f 260 nm_ V , É r % ò % i \ 5 g ¸^

Fig. 2. SEM images of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x phosphors syn- thesized at different temperatures (a) 1000 ^◦ C, (b) 1100

◦ C, and (c) 1200 ^◦ C.

&

ñ \ _ ô Ç # l Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 s > r F < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e . è

: r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ # l Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 x ß ¼° ú כs 7 £ x % i Ü

¼ 9, s H & ñ $ í _ ¾ Ó © Ü ¼ Ð ô Ç { 9 _ ß ¼l 7 £ x

\

É r ³ ð & h _ 7 £ x \ l H כ Ü ¼ Ð ^ ¦ Ã º e .

Fig. 3(b) H Y 0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ AF g ^ ì r ´ ú [ þ t` ¦ 235 nm _

#

l © Ü ¼ Ð # l r & % 3 É r + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 õ s .

Y _0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ AF g ^ ì r ´ ú [ þ t _ + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 É r è

: r ¸\ ' a > \ O s Eu ³⁺ _ ⁵ D 0 → ⁷ F 1 ü < ⁵ D 0 → ⁷ F 2 s

\ _ ô Ç + þ AF g x ß ¼[ þ t s 593 x 9 611 nm % ò % i \ " f y y

z ¤Ü ¼ 9 [10,11], è : r ¸ 1000 ^◦ C \ " f H ± ú É r + þ AF g

´

òÖ ¦ s z ¤Ü ¼ , : r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ % ò % i _ ©

\

5 g" f + þ AF g [ jl 7 £ x < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 . s Qô Ç s

Ä » H + þ AF g _ ´ òÖ ¦` ¦ & ñ H × æ כ ¹ô Ç כ ¹ Ü ¼ Ð ì r ´ ú _

& ñ $ í x 9 ³ ð + þ A © ` ¦ [ þ t Ã º e H X <, è : r ¸ 7 £ x

½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ { 9 _ & ñ $ í s ¾ Ó © | ¨ c ÷ r ë ß m o < Æ& h

½

¨$ í , { 9 ß ¼l ü < C \ P Õ ªo ¦ { 9 ¸ ª s þ j& h o ÷ & H s

Ä » Ð K $ 3 ½ + É Ã º e [12]. " f è : r ¸ 1200 ^◦ C s

© \ " f H ç H{ 9 9 ß ¼l H { 9 _ + þ AI H X

<, Õ ª â Ä º\ 8 Z } É r { 9 Ø æ x 9 ¸\ ¦ t 9 ³ ð

\

" f_ í ß ê ø Í ¢ ¸ô Ç y è H d Ü ¼ Ð + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ s 7 £ x > ) a

[13]. Õ ª QÙ ¼ Ð { 9 s _ â > x 9 ¸ ± ú t H X <, { 9

â > H \ ¦ í S \ ¦ Ò q t$ í ) a y n C` ¦ í ß ê ø Ír ( Ü ¼ Ð +

+ þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 _ µ 1 ßl \ ¦ y èr v H " é ¶ s | ¨ c Ã º e l

M :ë H \ { 9 â > \ ¦ > ° ú H ì r ´ ú { 9 Ã º2 ¤ Ä ºÃ ºô Ç + þ A F

g : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ · p H כ ` ¦ · ú Ã º e .

Fig. 4(a) H Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, Õ ªo ¦ 0.20 mol) \ É r 1200 ^◦ C \ " f è ô Ç Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _

r] X © ` ¦ YBO 3 ì r ´ ú _ JCPDS (16-0277) õ ü < q § ô

Ç XRD õ s . Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ ' a > \ O s ¸ H ì r ´ ú [ þ t

É r JCPDS \ ] jr ) a r] X © õ ¸ ú { 9 u % i Ü ¼ 9, (102), (110), Õ ªo ¦ (104) x ß ¼\ ¦ t H & ñ © Ü ¼ Ð $ í ©

% i . Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.10 mol â Ä º ^ & h Ü ¼ Ð

&

ñ $ í s ¾ Ó © H d` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 Ü ¼ 9, (100) x 9 (102) x ß ¼_

© @ /& h [ jl ¸ JCPDS_ õ ü < q 5 p w < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e .

Fig. 4(b) H (100) x 9 (102) x ß ¼ % ò % i ` ¦ S X @ /ô Ç כ X <

Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.05 mol ì r ´ ú Â Ò' (100) x 9 (102) x

(3)

Fig. 3. a) PLE and (b) PL spectra of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x phosphors synthesized at different temperatures 1000 ^◦ C, 1100 ^◦ C, and 1200 ^◦ C.

ß

¼_ ¢ , a¼ # \ EuBO ³ © \ _ ô Ç x ß ¼[ þ t s z ` ¦ · ú Ã º e

.

FIg. 5 H 1200 ^◦ C \ " f è ô Ç Y _1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _

Eu ³⁺ < Ê| ¾ Ó (a) 0.05, (b) 0.10, (c) 0.15, Õ ªo ¦ (d) 0.20 mol \ É r & ñ + þ AI \ ¦ · ú Ðl 0 Aô Ç SEM s

. Fig. 5(a)-(d)\ _ Y _1−x BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _ â Ä

º Eu ³⁺ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ ' a > \ O s { 9 _ ß ¼l 400 - 600 nm

#

3 0 A\ " f _ { 9 & ñ % i Ü ¼ 9 & ñ + þ AI ¢ ¸ô Ç _ ½ ©{ 9

% i .

Fig. 6(a) H Eu ³⁺ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ É r 1200 ^◦ C \ " f è ô Ç YBO 3 :Eu ³⁺ ì r ´ ú _ # l + þ AF g (photo-luminescence exci- tation: PLE) Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 ` ¦ · p כ s . Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó

\

' a > \ O s 200 nm\ " f 260 nm_ V , É r % ò % i \ 5 g

¸^ & ñ \ _ ô Ç # l Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 s > r F < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e .

Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0\ " f 0.15 mol Ð 7 £ x < Ê\ # l Û

¼& 7 à Ô! 3 x ß ¼ ° ú כs 7 £ x Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.15\

"

f 0.20 mol Ð 7 £ x < Ê\ r y è < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e .

Fig. 6(b) H Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ É r 1200 ^◦ C \ " f è ô Ç YBO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ ì r ´ ú _ + þ AF g (photo-luminescence: PL) Û ¼& 7 à

Ô! 3 ` ¦ · p כ X <, Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ ' a > \ O s Eu ³⁺ _

5 D ₀ → ⁷ F ₁ ü < ⁵ D ₀ → ⁷ F ₂ s \ _ ô Ç + þ AF g x ß ¼[ þ t s 593 x 9 611 nm % ò % i \ " f y y z ¤Ü ¼ 9, Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó s

0.15 mol â Ä º, © Ä ºÃ ºô Ç + þ AF g : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ Í Ç r` ¦ S X

% i . Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.20 mol â Ä º + þ AF g _ [ j l

y è % i H X < s כ É r Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó 7 £ x \ É r

&

ñ $ í , { 9 _ ß ¼l x 9 ç H{ 9 $ í _ o\ _ ô Ç y èü < 0 l x

¸ èY > (quenching) & ³ © \ _ ô Ç כ Ü ¼ Ð Ò q ty ½ + É Ã º e [10].

IV. + s Ç Â ] Ø

: r ½ ¨\ " f H Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x + þ AF g ^ ì r ´ ú ` ¦ ¦ © ì ø Í 6

£ xZ O Ü ¼ Ð ] j ¸ # è : r ¸ü < Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ É r

Fig. 4. (a) XRD patterns of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x phosphors synthesized at 1200 ^◦ C with different Eu ³⁺ concentra- tions 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20, (b) Magnified the (100) and (102) peaks of XRD patterns.

&

ñ ½ ¨ ¸ü < ³ ð + þ A © , Õ ªo ¦ + þ AF g: £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ì r$ 3 % i .

&

ñ ½ ¨ ¸\ ¦ · ú l 0 AK XRD\ ¦ 6 x # & ñ © ` ¦ ' a ¹ 1 Ï

%

i ¦, (100) x 9 (102) ~ ½ Ó ¾ Ó_ Å Ò & ñ Ü ¼ Ð ° ú H & ñ

_ ß ¼l ¢ ¸ô Ç ç H{ 9 K & . # l Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 _ â Ä º è

(4)

Fig. 5. SEM images of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x phosphors syn- thesized at 1200 ^◦ C with different Eu ³⁺ concentrations (a) 0.05, (b) 0.10, (c) 0.15 and (d) 0.20.

Fig. 6. (a) PLE and (b) PL spectra of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x phosphors synthesized at 1200 ^◦ C with different Eu ³⁺

concentrations 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mol.

: r ¸\ ' a > \ O s ¸^ & ñ \ _ ô Ç 200 nm\ " f 260 nm _ V , É r % ò % i \ " f > r F % i Ü ¼ 9, è : r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + É Ã

º2 ¤ # l Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 x ß ¼° ú כs 7 £ x % i . 235nm_ # l

'

a > \ O s Eu ³⁺ _ ⁵ D 0 → ⁷ F 1 ü < ⁵ D 0 → ⁷ F 2 s \ _ ô Ç + þ

g [ jl 7 £ x < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 . s Qô Ç s Ä » H + þ AF g _

´ òÖ ¦` ¦ & ñ H × æ כ ¹ô Ç כ ¹ Ü ¼ Ð ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í x 9

³

< C \ P Õ ªo ¦ { 9 ¸ ª s þ j& h o ÷ & H s Ä » Ð K $ 3

½

+ É Ã º e . Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ É r Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _

ü

< s \ _ ô þ x ß ¼[ s 593 x 611 nm % ò % i \ " f y y z ¤Ü ¼ 9, Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.15 mol â Ä º © Ä ºÃ ºô Ç + þ AF g : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ Í Ç r` ¦ S X

%

i Ü ¼ 9, 0.20 mol\ " f H Eu ³⁺ < Ê| ¾ Ó_ Æ Ò& h 7 £ x \

É r & ñ $ í , { 9 _ ß ¼l x 9 ç H{ 9 $ í _ o\ _ ô Ç y

.

Y

c p w Ã U Ø ô

[1] S. Okamoto and H. Yamamoto, J. Appl. Phys. 91, 5492 (2002).

[2] C. B. Samantaray, M. L. Nanda Goswami, D. Bhat- tacharya, S. K. Ray and H. N. Ackarya, Materials Lett. 58, 2299 (2004).

[3] P. T. Diallo, K. Jeanlouis, P. Bontinaud, R. Mahiou and J. C. Cousseins, J. Alloy. Compd. 323, 218 (2001).

[4] E. Pinel, P. Boutinaid and R. Mahiou, J. Alloy.

Compd. 380, 225 (2004).

[5] J. K. Park, h. Ryu, H. D. Park and S. Y. Choi, J.

European Ceram. Doc. 21, 535 (2001).

[6] C. C. Klick and J. H. Schulman, Soild State Physics, 5th ed, F. Seitz and D. Turnbull (Academic Press., New York, 1957).

[7] M. Ren, J. H. Lin, Y. Dong, L.Q. Yang, M. Z. Su and L. P. You, Chem. Mater. 11, 1576 (1999).

[8] Z. G. Wei, L. D. Sun, C. S. Liao, J. L. Yin, X. C.

Jiang, C. H. Yan and S. Z. Lu, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 10610 (2002).

[9] G. Chadeyron, M. El-Ghozzi, R. Mahiou, A. Arbus and J. C. Cousseins, J. Solid State Chem. 128, 261 (1997).

[10] X.-C. Jiang, C.-H. Yan, L.-D. Sun, Z.-G. Wei and C.-S. Liao, J. Solid State Chem. 175, 245 (2003).

[11] L. Wang and Y. Wang, J. of Lumin. 122-123, 921 (2007).

[12] Y. C. Kang, S. B. Park, I. W. Lenggor and K.

Okuyama, J, Phys. Chem. Solids 60, 379 (1999).

[13] H. K. Yang, K. S. Shim, S. B. Kim, J. H. Jeong,

S. S. Yi and S. T. Chung, SEAMULLI (New Phys.)

50, 165 (2005).

(5)

Photoluminescence Characteristics of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x Phosphors

Soung Soo Yi ^∗

Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Received 4 December 2008)

Y

1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺_x

(x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) phosphors for display applications were synthe- sized at sintering temperatures of 1000, 1100, and 1200

^◦

C by using a solid-state reaction method.

The crystallinity, surface morphology, and photoluminescence characteristics of the phosphors were investigated by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and luminescence spectropho- tometry as functions of the sintering temperature and the Eu

³⁺

ion concentration. According to the of X-ray diffraction results, the (100) and the (102)directions were the preferred orientations, and the phosphors showed a polycrystalline structure with (002), (110), and (104) peaks. The scanning electron microscopy images show that, as the sintering temperature increased, the parti- cle size increased and uniform. The photoluminescence intensity of the Y

1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺_x

phosphors increased as the sintering temperature increased because of not only the improved crystallinity but also the increased particle size. The photoluminescence intensity of the Y

1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺_x

phosphors was highest at x = 0.15 and decreased as the concentration of Eu

³⁺

ions increased to x = 0.20 due to the concentration quenching effect.

PACS numbers: 78.55.-m, 78.20.-e

Keywords: Y

1−x

BO

3

:Eu

³⁺x

, Red phosphor, Photoluminescence

∗

E-mail: ssyi@silla.ac.kr

YBO 3 :Eu 3+x X ì Ät  ] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý ] k ù° Ë Ñ ¤V R Ë

YBO 3 :Eu 3+ x X ì Ät   ] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý ] k ù° Ë Ñ ¤V R Ë

T

) ç ¬ £ ∗



 @ / < Æ §    F « Ñ/ B N  < Æõ , Â Òí ß  617-736 (2008¸  12 Z 4 4{ 9  ~ Ã Î6 £ §)

Y

BO

:Eu

ì  r ´ ú  + þ AF g ^ \  ¦  è   : r  ¸\  ¦ 1000, 1100, Õ ªo  ¦ 1200

C  Ð   or v  ¦ Eu s  : r  < Ê Ä

»| ¾ Ó`  ¦   or v  9  ¦ ©  ì ø Í6 £ xZ O  (solid state reaction)`  ¦ s 6 x #  ] j ¸ % i  .  è   : r  ¸_    oü <

Eu

_   < Ê| ¾ Ó\    É r   & ñ $ í , ³ ð  + þ A ©  x 9 + þ AF g: £ ¤$ í `  ¦ ì  r$ 3 % i  . X-  r] X z ´+ « >\  _     è    : r



¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2  ¤ ì  r ´ ú _    & ñ $ í s   ¾ Ó © ÷ &% 3 Ü ¼ 9, Y

BO

:Eu

ì  r ´ ú s  (100) x 9 (102) ~ ½ Ó ¾ Ó_  Å Ò

 

& ñ   `  ¦ t  9, (002), (110), Õ ªo  ¦ (104) x ß ¼\  ¦ t   H   & ñ  © Ü ¼ Ð $ í  ©  % i 6 £ §`  ¦ S X    ½ + É Ã º e 

% 3  .    Å Ò  & ³p  â `  ¦ s 6 x ô  Ç { 9  _  p [ j½ ¨ ¸ 8 £ ¤& ñ `  ¦ :  x #   è   : r  ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2  ¤ { 9  _  ß ¼ l

 & t  ¦ ç  H{ 9  >  H  d`  ¦ S X    % i  .  è   : r  ¸_  7 £ x \    É r + þ AF g y ©  ¸_  7 £ x   H ì  r ´ ú  { 9  _    

&

ñ $ í x 9 { 9  + þ AI _  ç  H{ 9 $ í _   ¾ Ó © \  _ ô  Ç  כ e  `  ¦ · ú  Ã º e  % 3  . Y

BO

:Eu

ì  r ´ ú _  + þ AF g Û ¼& 7  à

Ô! 3  É r Eu

_   < Ê| ¾ Ós  0.15 mol\ " f  ©  a % ~ É r : £ ¤$ í `  ¦ f  `  ¦ · ú  Ã º e  % 3 Ü ¼ 9, 0.20 mol Ð 7 £ x ½ + É M : 0

l

x  ¸ èY >   & ³ © s  µ 1 ÏÒ q t < Ê`  ¦ · ú  Ã º e  % 3  .

PACS numbers: 78.55.-m, 78.20.-e

Keywords: YBO

:Eu

, & h Ò  o + þ AF g ^ , Photoluminescence

I. " e Â ] Ø

þ

j   H \   Ð  Z  } É r ´ òÖ  ¦ _  n Û ¼e  ¦ Y Us \  ¦ > hµ 1 Ï l 0 Aô  Ç



 ½ ¨   '   ×  æ  X < plasma display panel (PDP) ì  r  

\

 ¦ q 2  © # ,  f   t   H PDP ë ß  p u  © 6 x o÷ &t   H 3 l wÙ þ ¡ t

ë ß  #  Q t   © & h `  ¦    כ Ü ¼ Ð ¨ î ÷ &  H electro- luminescence display (ELD) x 9 field emission display (FED), light emitting diode (LED) 1 p x s  e   . FEDü <

PDP ° ú  É r @ /³ ð& h   ¨ î ó ø Í n Û ¼e  ¦ Y Us   è \   H Á º% Á  Ð

 Z  } É r ´ òÖ  ¦`  ¦ ° ú   H + þ AF gÓ ü t| 9 [ þ t _  > hµ 1 Ïs  כ ¹½ ¨  ) a  [1–

5]. s  Qô  Ç  ¦´ òÖ  ¦ _  + þ AF g ^  > hµ 1 Ï`  ¦ 0 AK   Ð    $  + þ AF g

^

_  µ 1 Ï F g B j& m 7 £ §`  ¦ µ 1 ßy   H  כ s  B Ä º ×  æ כ ¹  . + þ AF g

^

_  + þ AF g ´ òÖ  ¦ \  % ò  ¾ Ó`  ¦ p u   H   & ñ $ í s   ³ ð  + þ A ©  õ

 ° ú  É r   Ã º[ þ t _    o\  ¦ u < ÊÜ ¼ Ð + þ AF g ^ _  6 f ¸  ¾ Ó © 

\

 @ /ô  Ç   ½ ¨\  ¦ e   . ¢ ¸ô  Ç + þ AF g ^ \  ¦ s À Ò  H y   $ í ì  r _  F

g  < Æ& h % i ½ + É`  ¦ µ 1 ß) " f, Õ ª % i ½ + É_  F G @ / o\  ¦ :  x K  6 f ¸\  ¦ 7

£

x r v   H   ½ ¨ ¸  Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy    '  ÷ &# Q M ® o  [6].

þ

j   H \  B ÐÀ Ó s  : r s  '    ) a orthoborate (REBO 3 ) _  ]

j ¸ü < + þ AF g : £ ¤$ í \  @ /ô  Ç   ½ ¨[ þ t s  e  ¦ Ý ¼  n Û ¼e  ¦ Y Us  J

V , 6 x _  (plasma display panel: PDP)   / B N  ü @  + þ AF g

^

 Ð_  6 £ x6 x`  ¦ 0 A #   Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy    '  ÷ &# Q M ® o  [7–9]. PDP

E-mail: ssyi@silla.ac.kr

6

x _  + þ AF g ^  Ð s 6 x l  0 AK " f  H + þ AF g ´ òÖ  ¦ _   ¾ Ó © ÷  r ë ß 



m   Ò  o_  í  H  ¸\  ¦  ¾ Ó © r v   H  כ  ¸ ×  æ כ ¹ô  ÇX < s \  ¦ 0 A K

 B ÐÀ Ó s  : r s  '    ) a orthoborate  ¸ { 9  [ þ t \  @ / ô

 Ç   ½ ¨  õ [ þ t  ¸ µ 1 Ï³ ð  ) a   e    [10].  : r   ½ ¨\ " f  H YBO 3 \  ¦  ¸^ (host) Ð #  Eu 3+ \  ¦  Ö ¸$ í ^ (activator) Ð '

  #  & h Ò  o + þ AF g ^  Ð  6 x l  0 A #  Eu 3+ _   < Ê| ¾ Ó

\

    ì  r ´ ú `  ¦ ] j ¸ % i Ü ¼ 9, ì  r ´ ú _    & ñ ½ ¨ ¸, ³ ð 

½

¨ ¸ Õ ªo  ¦ + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 `  ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ  ¦ ì  r ´ ú _    & ñ $ í x 9

³ ð  + þ A © õ  + þ AF g ´ òÖ  ¦ õ _   ' a > \  @ / #    ½ ¨ % i 

.

II. ÷ m Ç ] M ö

. Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu 3+ x ì  r ´ ú _  ] j ¸  H Ä º  1  ball mill`  ¦

l  0 A #  e  ¦ Û ¼h Ë :  ÐÖ  ¦(Bowl) \  ï  r q ô  Ç r « Ñü < ZrO

YBO 3 :Eu 3+x X ì Ät ] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý ] k ù° Ë Ñ ¤V R Ë

YBO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x X ì Ät ] k ù° Ë Ñ= k8 ý ] k ù° Ë Ñ ¤V R Ë

) ç ¬ £ ^∗

@ / < Æ § F « Ñ/ B N < Æõ , Â Òí ß 617-736 (2008¸ 12 Z 4 4{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §)

ì r ´ ú + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ è : r ¸\ ¦ 1000, 1100, Õ ªo ¦ 1200

C Ð or v ¦ Eu s : r < Ê Ä

»| ¾ Ó` ¦ or v 9 ¦ © ì ø Í6 £ xZ O (solid state reaction)` ¦ s 6 x # ] j ¸ % i . è : r ¸_ oü <

_ < Ê| ¾ Ó\ É r & ñ $ í , ³ ð + þ A © x 9 + þ AF g: £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ì r$ 3 % i . X- r] X z ´+ « >\ _ è : r

¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í s ¾ Ó © ÷ &% 3 Ü ¼ 9, Y

ì r ´ ú s (100) x 9 (102) ~ ½ Ó ¾ Ó_ Å Ò

& ñ ` ¦ t 9, (002), (110), Õ ªo ¦ (104) x ß ¼\ ¦ t H & ñ © Ü ¼ Ð $ í © % i 6 £ §` ¦ S X ½ + É Ã º e

% 3 . Å Ò & ³p â ` ¦ s 6 x ô Ç { 9 _ p [ j½ ¨ ¸ 8 £ ¤& ñ ` ¦ : x # è : r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ { 9 _ ß ¼ l

& t ¦ ç H{ 9 > H d` ¦ S X % i . è : r ¸_ 7 £ x \ É r + þ AF g y © ¸_ 7 £ x H ì r ´ ú { 9 _

ñ $ í x 9 { 9 + þ AI _ ç H{ 9 $ í _ ¾ Ó © \ _ ô Ç כ e ` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 . Y

ì r ´ ú _ + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à

Ô! 3 É r Eu

_ < Ê| ¾ Ós 0.15 mol\ " f © a % ~ É r : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ f ` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 Ü ¼ 9, 0.20 mol Ð 7 £ x ½ + É M : 0

x ¸ èY > & ³ © s µ 1 ÏÒ q t < Ê` ¦ · ú Ã º e % 3 .

, & h Ò o + þ AF g ^ , Photoluminescence

j H \ Ð Z } É r ´ òÖ ¦ _ n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us \ ¦ > hµ 1 Ï l 0 Aô Ç

½ ¨ ' × æ X < plasma display panel (PDP) ì r

¦ q 2 © # , f t H PDP ë ß p u © 6 x o÷ &t H 3 l wÙ þ ¡ t

ë ß # Q t © & h ` ¦ כ Ü ¼ Ð ¨ î ÷ & H electro- luminescence display (ELD) x 9 field emission display (FED), light emitting diode (LED) 1 p x s e . FEDü <

PDP ° ú É r @ /³ ð& h ¨ î ó ø Í n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us è \ H Á º% Á Ð

Z } É r ´ òÖ ¦` ¦ ° ú H + þ AF gÓ ü t| 9 [ þ t _ > hµ 1 Ïs כ ¹½ ¨ ) a [1–

5]. s Qô Ç ¦´ òÖ ¦ _ + þ AF g ^ > hµ 1 Ï` ¦ 0 AK Ð $ + þ AF g

_ µ 1 Ï F g B j& m 7 £ §` ¦ µ 1 ßy H כ s B Ä º × æ כ ¹ . + þ AF g

_ + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ \ % ò ¾ Ó` ¦ p u H & ñ $ í s ³ ð + þ A © õ

° ú É r Ã º[ þ t _ o\ ¦ u < ÊÜ ¼ Ð + þ AF g ^ _ 6 f ¸ ¾ Ó ©

@ /ô Ç ½ ¨\ ¦ e . ¢ ¸ô Ç + þ AF g ^ \ ¦ s À Ò H y $ í ì r _ F

g < Æ& h % i ½ + É` ¦ µ 1 ß) " f, Õ ª % i ½ + É_ F G @ / o\ ¦ : x K 6 f ¸\ ¦ 7

x r v H ½ ¨ ¸ Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy ' ÷ &# Q M ® o [6].

j H \ B ÐÀ Ó s : r s ' ) a orthoborate (REBO ₃ ) _ ]

j ¸ü < + þ AF g : £ ¤$ í \ @ /ô Ç ½ ¨[ þ t s e ¦ Ý ¼ n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us J

V , 6 x _ (plasma display panel: PDP) / B N ü @ + þ AF g

Ð_ 6 £ x6 x` ¦ 0 A # Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy ' ÷ &# Q M ® o [7–9]. PDP

x _ + þ AF g ^ Ð s 6 x l 0 AK " f H + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ _ ¾ Ó © ÷ r ë ß

m Ò o_ í H ¸\ ¦ ¾ Ó © r v H כ ¸ × æ כ ¹ô ÇX < s \ ¦ 0 A K

B ÐÀ Ó s : r s ' ) a orthoborate ¸ { 9 [ þ t \ @ / ô

Ç ½ ¨ õ [ þ t ¸ µ 1 Ï³ ð ) a e [10]. : r ½ ¨\ " f H YBO 3 \ ¦ ¸^ (host) Ð # Eu ³⁺ \ ¦ Ö ¸$ í ^ (activator) Ð '

# & h Ò o + þ AF g ^ Ð 6 x l 0 A # Eu ³⁺ _ < Ê| ¾ Ó

ì r ´ ú ` ¦ ] j ¸ % i Ü ¼ 9, ì r ´ ú _ & ñ ½ ¨ ¸, ³ ð

¨ ¸ Õ ªo ¦ + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 ` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ ¦ ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í x 9

³ ð + þ A © õ + þ AF g ´ òÖ ¦ õ _ ' a > \ @ / # ½ ¨ % i

.

. Y 1−x BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _ ] j ¸ H Ä º 1 ball mill` ¦

l 0 A # e ¦ Û ¼h Ë : ÐÖ ¦(Bowl) \ ï r q ô Ç r « Ñü < ZrO

¦` ¦ ° ú s V , # Q 460 rpmÜ ¼ Ð 20 r ç ß ball mill` ¦ ô Ç Ê ê

D ¥ ½ + Ëô Ç ì r ´ ú _ ^ ¦` ¦ Q? /# Q | ¸ % i . | ¸ ) a r « Ñ

¦ [ j b ¸m \ V , ¦ l Ð\ " f 3 ^◦ C/min _ q Ö ¦

Ð 600 ^◦ C t ` ¦ 2 ; 6 £ § 4 r ç ß 1 l x î ß è (calcining)/ B N

Fig. 1. XRD patterns of Y 0.85 BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 phosphors syn- thesized at different temperatures (a) 1000 ^◦ C, (b) 1100

◦ C, and (c) 1200 ^◦ C.

ñ ` ¦ 2 ; Ê ê 2 ball mill` ¦ % i . 2 ball mills = å Q è

ß ì r ´ ú ` ¦ l Ð\ V , ¦ 1000, 1100 x 9 1200 ^◦ C \ " f 4r ç

ß 1 l x î ß è % i .

Y _1−x BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú _ & ñ ½ ¨ ¸ü < & ñ $ í ` ¦ ¸ l

0 AK X- r] X (XRD, X-ray diffraction)` ¦ 8 £ ¤& ñ % i Ü

¼ 9, X- _ í ß ê ø Íy (2θ É r 15 ^◦ ∼ 70 ^◦ % ò % i \ " f ì r { © 2 ^◦ _ Û

¼ ± p 5 Å q ¸ Ð 8 £ ¤& ñ % i . ³ ð p [ j½ ¨ ¸ H Å Ò & ³p

â

(scanning electron microscope : SEM)` ¦ s 6 x # 8 £ ¤

ñ % i Ü ¼ 9, + þ AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 É r Xenon Ï þ á Ô\ ¦ F g " é ¶ Ü ¼ Ð

H + þ AF g F g ¸> (Perkin-Elmer, LS50B)\ ¦ 6 x # 235 nm _ © Ü ¼ Ð # l r & z ´ : r \ " f 8 £ ¤& ñ % i .

III. ÷ m Ç] M ö+ s ÇÊ Ý õ m Í w ² o

Fig. 1 \ " f H ¦ © ì ø Í6 £ xZ O Ü ¼ Ð ½ + Ë$ í ô Ç Y _0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ

AF g ^ ì r ´ ú _ è : r ¸\ É r X- r] X © ` ¦ YBO 3 _ JCPDS(35-0591) õ ü < q § # ] jr % i . è

: r ¸ 7 £ x ½ + ÉÃ º2 ¤ ì r ´ ú _ & ñ $ í s ¾ Ó © ÷ &% 3 Ü ¼ 9, Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x ì r ´ ú s (100) x 9 (102) ~ ½ Ó ¾ Ó_ Å Ò & ñ

` ¦ t 9, (002), (110), Õ ªo ¦ (104) x ß ¼\ ¦ t H

& ñ © Ü ¼ Ð $ í © % i 6 £ §` ¦ S X ½ + É Ã º e % 3 .

Fig. 2 H è : r ¸\ É r Y 0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 ì r ´ ú [ þ t _ SEM s . è : r ¸ 1000 ^◦ C \ " f 1200 ^◦ C Ð 7 £ x

< Ê\ { 9 _ ß ¼l 7 £ x % i Ü ¼ 9, { 9 _ ß ¼l

¸ô Ç ç H{ 9 K f ` ¦ · ú Ã º e . 7 £ ¤ è : r ¸ 7 £ x < Ê\

Y ^0.85 BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ AF g ^ ì r ´ ú _ { 9 [ þ t _ ì ø Í6 £ x s Ö ¸ µ

1 Ï > { 9 # Qz ¤6 £ §` ¦ \ V © K ^ ¦ Ã º e .

Fig. 3(a) H É r : r ¸\ " f è ) a Y _0.85 BO ₃ :Eu ³⁺ _0.15 + þ

AF g ^ ì r ´ ú [ þ t \ @ /K 611 nm _ + þ AF g \ @ /ô Ç # l + þ

AF g Û ¼& 7 à Ô! 3 ` ¦ · p כ s . è : r ¸\ ' a > \ O s

200 nm\ " f 260 nm_ V , É r % ò % i \ 5 g ¸^

Fig. 2. SEM images of Y 1−x BO 3 :Eu ³⁺ _x phosphors syn- thesized at different temperatures (a) 1000 ^◦ C, (b) 1100