IEG 환경지질연구정보센터

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(1)]æ~>Æ·~ã²æ. òY. Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004. î\R. & Æ·Ã8ºÂ ;ö ~R ãF J" Æ·¾Ò. B«ÚÁ;%9. Ú&v ~ã" Remediation of the Diesel Contaminated Soils Using Thermally Enhanced Soil Vapor Extraction Process with Microwave Heating. Á. Jongwoon Kim Kapsong Park Department Enviroment Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. ABSTRACT Removal efficiencies for diesel fuel and diesel hydrocarbons (C10~C22) using microwave-enhanced SVE process were evaluated with dry and moist soil, respectively. Diesel removal rates of microwave-enhanced SVE process were 7 times for dry soil and 1580 times for moist soil as great as those of the SVE process without microwave heating. High dielectric property of water contents may accelerate the absorption of microwave energy into soil and thus vaporized the diesel fuel components drastically. The diesel removals were 67.7~78.4% for C10 and C12, and 0~18.5% for C14~C22 for dry and moist soil with SVE process only. On the other hand, dry soil with microwave-enhanced SVE process showed 89.3~99.4% removal for C10 and C12 and 35.6~67.0% for hydrocarbons over C14. All hydrocarbons (C10~C22) studied were significantly removed (93.6~99.8%) for moist soil with microwave-enhanced SVE process. Keywords : Microwave heating, Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE), Hydrocarbon, Diesel, Soil remediation. º £ ^. îR2 & SVE(Æ·ÃVºÂ) ;j ÒÏ~ ãFR J"B 5 ÛJÆ·öB~ ãFf ãFê ê z>²(C ~C )~ B*ç ªC þj >¯~& . îR2 &O ®º Æ·" ÛJÆ·öB~ B ³êº îR2 &O ìº Æ·ö j Æ·öBº 7V, ÛJÆ·öBº 1580V ¸~ . ©f >ª«¶~ ¸f F*N H^bR Æ· Ú¦ö îR2 ö.æ¢ ² W>ÚbR /Ï Æ·Nê Ã &f ÃVz~ ³ê¢ &³z* ãFB~ .æ Î"¢ &^zV H^bR Îê . îR2 & ì º SVE ;~ Æ·" ÛJÆ·öBº C " C ~ BN 67.7~78.4%R ãFB~ &¦ªj Næ~& C ZÚ êz>²º 0~18.5%~ Ôf BNj & . >ö, îR2 & SVE ;~ Æ· öBº C " C & 89.3~99.4%~ ¸f jNR B>îb, C ZÚ êz>²ê 35.6~67.0%R çï B >î . Þ, îR2 & SVE ;~ ÛJÆ·öBº Î êz>²(C ~C )& 93.6~99.8% B>î . *Ú : îR2 &, Æ·ÃVºÂ, êz>², ãF, Æ·J" ö 10. 22. 10. 12. 14. 10. 12. 14. 10. 1.. * V. *Â" ?f &Ò¦"~º ôf ·~ CF Æ·" æ~ > ~ãj J"Ê, J"æ~ b¢ * º *ËöVF º> ® . V¢B b' ¾Ò», êWB¢ Ï Æ·^¿», Æ·ÃVºÂ»(SVE), air. +.ê B®ö ~ Æ·J"f ôf ÖëzB &ö B "º ~ã ^B &v> ® . æ~F~&Ë~ *Corresponding author : [email protected] : 2003. 7. 2 : 2004. 3. 5 : 2004. 6. 30. ö%>¢ î~ # Æ~. 22. ²Òß¢ Hæ. 39.

(2) B«ÚÁ;%9. 40. îO, ²' ~ · öVF BB> Úr . SVE VFö ~ >BW FVzb(VOCs)~ Bº *Ò 9² ÒÏ>Úæº ÏzB ö O». . ~æò, *Û' SVE ;f Æ·b¦V &>B W zbî BÎ"ö ê¢ &æ ® . Æ·j & ~ ¾Ò~º ¾Ò &Ë SVE ;f V SVE¢ ÒÏ r Æ·b¦V B &Ë zbî~ º *¢ Ã&*" >BW J"bî~ B¢ &³zÒ > ® . · Æ·¾Ò; 7öB, îO VFf J"bî «~ö &N ì ¸f BÎN" ³ ¾Ò ¢ > ®º öVF . *Û' SVE ;j Ï *Ëãþ~ Ö", 25 CöB £ 70Pa ç~ ÃV{j &æº zb SVE ;~ ¾Ò &ç F > ®. º ©j r > ® . Antonie's equationj Ï~ C ræ~ ÒÒ êz>²& 150 CöB 70Pa ç~ ÃV{j &î ©b º/ > ® . &¦ª~ ãFê zb f C f C êz>² Ò~ ÃV{j &ê . V¢B, ãF~ º*¢ <º FV zb~ ÃV{j & ;j Ï~ 70Pa çb çßÒ r, ¾Ò &Ë SVEöB ï~ J"bî ~ B¢ V& > ®. . ~æò, NöB~ Æ·öf Æ·Wç~ bÒ', z ' æz¢ &^J ¸f ¾ÒjÏj º . "ö úæîÚ f UV(ultraviolet), RF(radio frequency), , IR(infrared), Ò î2 ~ jNW *¶V ÒO VFö &j &æ ® . î 2º &ç BÚ¢ ÎN'b & > ®º Ë6j &æ ® . î2º 300 MHz~300 GHz~ "2> º*¢ <º .2¢ ö~º ÏÚ . î2 &öBº b &bÚ& ¦ ö ì B~º ßï ®Ú bÚöBê 5 Ú¦¢ ~ ÿö & > ®V r^ö ö.æ~ Ój& ~ ì F' & &Ë ÚÂ ÎNj &æ ®. . î2º ö.æ ²j6², ¾Ò;" ~ã ö*~ »j &î > ®º 6b *Ò ª ¢öB wÏ>Úæ ® . *Û' &O" jv~ , î2 &f r" ?f º&' 6. ® . Á/³ &" F' & ËK Á&Úf b&Ú Ò~ j7/ & Á* jò, ö.æ * Á& $º ;öB~ ³ ·W Á¸f n;W" Ò*W 5 Ëj~ ¶ÿzf ²;z~ 6 stripping, 1). 2). 3). 4). o. 1,3,4). o. 20. 5). 12. 20. 6). 7). 8). Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004. Þ, ¾Ò &Ë SVE ;~ ¾ÒjÏf J"bî j Bö º>º &*" &7 &N ® . Dauermanö ~ Æ·J" ö î2 ö. æ~ ÒÏö & Ò& ê¯>Úr . Æ·;z; f >ÃV ÃVz öÒö V.¢ v ® . Dauermanf *;' ²';~ ¾ÒjÏ" î2~ ¾Ò jÏj ÿ ; ç ~öB jv~& . Æ· 1 ton j ¾Ò~º jÏ î2 ÒÏ ö $40 º >º >ö, ²'f $175~ jÏ ²j>î . f F Ò~², Æ·j 5 ton/h~ Ïïb ¾Ò~º *Ú Jj Ï î2 & öº 50ò &, ²'; öº 550ò & ²j>î . *~ êÖ Ö"º î 2 & ; V~ *Û' ¾Ò VFö j R¶&j ÎN öB Ö~¢ 6 > ®rj Ò . V~ öBº î2¢ Ï~ Æ ·j &~º ©òj Ï~ J"bîj B~º © j ®b, &>BW bîö ³~º ãFê êz >²~~ BNö & & ¦ ; . $ î 2¢ ê³ Æ·ö Ò~ Æ·Nê& 100 C ç~ N F ãÖ, FVb~ carbonization ~ ^ B& ¢VF > ® . V¢B, î2¢ ³b Ò~V º ¢;Nê çöBº *ö'b ~ J"º © ãB' ¾ Òê¾ÒöB~ FÒ 6 ®j > ® Îê . ® öBº 6 j J~&j r, V SVE ;öB ¾Òö ÚJæ ®º ãF~ B ÎNj ¸² Fæ~Bê &Ë f *ö Æ·j ¾Ò~V * O»b î2~ &VF" V SVE ;~ Vacuum Pumpingj 7ÏÊ¶ ~& . î2 &O" SVE ;~ Ë6 ÖB î2 & SVE ;j ÒÏ~&j r, ãF J"B 5 ÛJÆ·öB âîò¢ ãFB~ &³ z& Úî > ®ºæö & bench-scale Ò~&. . $ &O ìº SVE ;öB ãFJ"bî B~ êWj &æº Ff î2 &j V SVE ;ö 'Ï8j r, ãF BÎN~ BF ;ê¢ rj¶ . V ¢^öBº î 2¢ Ï &>BW êz>² Bö & Ö" 8 C ;êræò Ò~ ®b, ãFê êz>² * º*~ BNö & V& j ;V r^ö þöBº ãFf ãF& <º º*~ C ¦V C ~ êz>²~ B*çj þ ÎöB ªC~º ©ö Ï'j z . 8-10). 9-11). o. 12). 17. 10. 22.

(3) î\R & Æ· Ã8 ºÂ ;ö ~R ãF J" Æ·¾Ò 2.. 41. Òò 5 O». Æ·~ ß9 *ö J"B ' ìº Æ·j ãVê ÏöB j ~ þö ÒÏ~& . Table 1f þö ÒÏB Æ ·~ bÒ' ßWj º£ © . þö ÒÏF F~ J " Æ·~ B¢ * ÛJÆ· ¢;ïj 150 CöB 24 * Ê, ï' êö 2 mm sieveö Û"8 . Ú ê Æ· ¢~² b>ê ¾ Df r Æ· TPH ³ê& 50,000 mg/kg >ê Æ·j ¾Ò~ & . Æ·Ú¦ö diesel core& Vº ©j Oæ~V * Æ·j & 9² â ê, ãF¢ Ê#² ªZ~& . ê Æ·j spiking~ DÚ"î . >ª~ 'Ëj ï&~V *, Ã~>¢ Î&~& . Î ÛJÆ·~ >Nf 30% ÿ¢~² ~& . J"B Æ·f ¢"¢ ÿn &öB ÏVö IÚ ïz²öB & ~& . 2.1.. o. þ Ë~ Fig. 1f J"Æ·~ î2 & ;j J~ þ Ëj¢ & . î2 & Ê f ² î2 generator, power supply system, stub antenna~ 3B~ º² WB . þö ÒÏB generatorº çëÏb ÒÏ>º Samsung OM75P(31) magnetronj ÒÏ~& . î2 generator& f B*ö Æ·ò¢ /Ï~² overheating~º ©j Oæ~ V *B power supply systemj Ï~ £ 600W ;~ ÒÏ~& . þö ÒÏB î2~ " 2>º 2.45 GHz&b, power supply systemöº ³ ' ·ÿ" *ö' ·ÿj &Ë~²~º controller¢ ËO~& . î2º chamber Ú¦ö ËOB PTFE Teflon flange column(30 mm ID, 35 mm height)j Û"~² J ~>î . Æ· column : f V& ÿ > ®º 1/4 inch s ® . 15 g~ J"B Æ·ò¢ Æ· column ö I î2 &" Æ·ÃVºÂj ÿö >¯~²z J~~& . þË~º J"Æ· Ú~ diesel cores~ B &ËW" î2 ¾Ò >ãj 6n 2.2.. Fig. 1. Experimental apparatus: 1, electronic temperature meter; 2, thermocouple probe; 3, Teflon column; 4, Teflon tube (SVE well); 5, condenser; 6 and 8, receivers; 7, cold trap; 9, flowmeter; 10, pressure gage; 11, vacuum pump; 12, microwave generator; 13, power supply; 14, aluminium wave-guide.. ~ ¾ÒB Æ·j *ï ªC > ®² Æ·~ ·j '² ÒÏ~&b SVE ;j >¯ > ®ê Teflon tube¢ soil columnö ã«~ bench-scale W~& . $, soil column *~ æ6f î2 ö. æ~ & ÎNj áj > ®º *~ö J~~&V H^ ö î2 ö.æ~ ÎN ~ 100%ö ~º æ6öB ãF BÎNj ï&~& . soil column~ ç ¦öº ï' Ê, Fïê, {K ²æ, ê²*& Ö>Úr . ê²*º V SVEöB ÒÏ>Úæº vacuum pumping VFj 'ÏÊV * J~~&b, J"bîf ê²* 0.9 atm(£ 700 mmHg)öB column b¦V ÃVz>Ú ºÂ>Úæ ï'Vf vB~ cold trapö ~ ï'>Úî > ®² Ë~& W>Úr . F ïêº cold trap êö J~~&b, vacuum pumping ö ï Fïf 10~15 L/minî . þj ê¯~º ÿn BB b~ ¦b¢ G;~V *B ºÂj .. R& ®º cold trapb

(4) ÷~& . þj ê¯~º ÿn cold trapö

(5) ÷>º >ª~ ¦b Ã&¢ G;~ z ç~ ºÂ ¾Jæ pj H >wj «Ö8 . chamberö F«>º î2 ö.æº ¢¦ W j º b¾ J" «¶ö ~ W> >Úæ, ¾^æ ¢¦º chamber~ .³ãö ~ suppress>Úr . Æ ·~ & Nêº £ 100 C¢ .æ~& . º î 2¢ Ï~ FVb ï FB Æ·¾Ò o. Table 1. Characteristics of soil used in this study pH. TOC (%). CEC (cmol/kg). Bulk Density (g/cm3). Texture (USDA). 4.6. 1.9. 12.4. 1.3. Loam. Particle Size Distribution (%) Sand Silt Clay 47.4 36.7 15.9. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004.

(6) B«ÚÁ;%9. 42. ¢ ."~º NöBº î2~ ßWç ~ carbonizationj FBÒ > ®V r^ . 100oC. humic substances 12). ª+ O» ¾Ò >wêö, 15 g~ Æ·ò *ïj 30 ml~ methylene chloride ºÂ~& . ºÂÏ ~ filteringj ê 1 mlj ª~ öªÒVö I 2400 rpmöB 5ª ÿn ö ªÒ8 (Standard Method 5520 ). ê, ãF ³ê¢ G;~V * ºÂ~ ¢¦¢ GC/FID ö "«~& . GC ªCf EPA SW 846 method 8015B ö V¢ > ¯~&b, GC ªCö ÒÏB

(7) "f PTETM-5 FUSED 2.3.. 13). 14). Fig. 2. Variation of the diesel concentration in dry soil for SVE with and without microwave heating.. SILICA Capillary column(30 m long, 0.32 mm ID, 1.0 µm. j ÒÏ~& .. film thickness). ö Flame ionization detector¢ 300 C J;~ ãF ³ê ªCj >¯~&. . GC Nêº 37 CöB 1ª*, 19 C/minb 280 Cræ Nêçß, 280 CöB 5ª* æ³, 20 C/minb 310 Cr æ çß ê 30ª* æ³Ê² *Î3~& . ;ïz ·ëf external standard¢ ÒÏ~ GC profile ªC»j &æ ê¯~& . Æ·òº diesel standardf jv~ &b, Æ·öB ºÂB C , C , C , C , C , C , C ê z>²ö &Bº external hydrocarbon standard (Supelco Inc.)¢ &æ jv ªC~& . Æ·ö º~º ãF~ ³ê¢ ªC~V * þö ÒÏB ªCO»ö & Ö"~ Ò*W" Öê¢ ï&~V * QC/QA¢ ¯ ~& . Ö" º ãF¢ ºÂ~&j r, ï 96% ~ ãF& ºÂ>º Ò*Wj &b, ªCB Vº 91%~ ;{ê¢ <º ©b ï&>î . Hewlett Packard 5890 Series II GC o. o. o. o. o. o. 10. 3.. 12. 14. o. 16. 18. 20. 22. Ö # 8. î2 & SVE ;~ ãF B ÎN þ j >¯~& . Fig. 2º Æ·öB î2 & ®j rf ìj r~, ãF B Ö"¢ & . Æ·öB 20ª~ î2 &>w ÿn 75.9%~ ãF& B>î . î2 & ìº Æ·öB~ SVE~ ãFBº 24.3%î . Æ ·öB î2 & ®º SVE~ ãFBº 3 ê ª > ® . .V 2ª ÿn(1ê) 100 Cræ Æ·Nê& çß~& . êöB 2.4%~ ãF& B >î . ê Æ·Ú¦Nê& £ 100 C Fæ>º 2ªö o. o. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004. Fig. 3. Variation of the diesel concentration in moist soil for SVE with and without microwave heating.. B 12ªræ(2ê) ãF~ 63.3%& B>î . 12ªö B 20ªræ(3ê) BB ãFº 10.2%, 20ª êöº ãFB& ~ ìî . ãF B³ê¢ 1N>wb &;~ êÖÖ", . V Æ·& * 1êöB 1.2Ü10 min , 2êö B 7.4Ü10 min , 3êöBº 4.4Ü10 min î . ' *~ ãF B ³ê jº 1:6.2:3.7, B³ê& Æ· Nê& 100 C çß~º 1êöBº £~&b ¾ £ 100 C Æ·Nê& çß ê¦V £ 6V Ã& ~& 12ª ê¦Vº 6²~& . Fig. 3f ÛJÆ·öB î2 & FZ~ ãFB Ö"¢ & . î2 & 10ª ~ >w *ÿnö 97.6%~ ãF& B>î . î 2 & ìº ÛJÆ·öB~ SVE~ ãFBº −2. −2. −1. o. o. −1. −2. −1.

(8) î\R & Æ· Ã8 ºÂ ;ö ~R ãF J" Æ·¾Ò. î . î2 & ®º SVE~ ãFB º 2ê ¾2 > ® . ÛJÆ·öB .V 30. ÿ n 100 C ræ Æ·Ú¦ Nê& çß~º ÿn" ê £ 100 C Nê& Fæ>º .V 2ª(1ê) ÿn 79.4%~ ãF& B>î . 2ªöB 10ªræ(2ê) 18.2%~ ãF& B >î . ãF B ³êº 1êö B 7.9Ü10 min , 2êöBº 2.7Ü10 min î . ' ê~ B³ê jº 2.9:1î . Table 2º î2 & FZ~ 5 ÛJ Æ·~ ãFB³ê¢ jv Ö" . ö Ê J ê ö &Ë ÎN ¸f ç ; ê¯>ê Ê j 'z &;~ ãF BNj ' ; 7 & Ë ¸f 8~ B³ê jv~& . jvÖ" î 2 & ìj r, B³êº 5 ÛJ Æ· '' 1.4Ü10 min , 5.0Ü10 min î î 2 & B³êº 5 ÛJÆ· '' 1.0Ü10 min , 7.9Ü10 min î . ' ;~ B ³ê jº 28:1:200:1580î . &O ìº SVEöBº Æ· ÛJÆ·ö j ¸f ãFB¢ "î . Æ·~ >ª«¶& Æ· Ú¦ j 6² * J"«¶ B ÎNj 6²Ò > ®V r^ ©b ÒòB . >ö, î 2 &O ®º SVEöBº ÛJÆ· Æ·ö j z ¸f B ÎNj "î . C " TCE ¢ &æ þ Kawala(1998)~ ¢^öBê f FÒ Ö"& >î . Ö"º r" ?f ö öB V~º ©b 'F > ® . Ñ, Æ· Ú¦~ Nêçßf ãF zb~ ÃV{j çß * Æ·b¦V ÃBj &Ë~² . î 2¢ Ï~ Æ· &, 100 Cö º Æ· 0.8 C/s~ Nêçß³ê¢ >, ÛJÆ· öBº b~ ¸f F*N 3.3 C/s~ Nêçß³ê ¢ Æ·ö j £ 4V& ² Æ·Ú¦ N ê¢ çßÊº öÿK >î . º b ¸f F* Nj &æ ®V r^ö Æ·Ú¦ö î2 ö .æ¢ W>~º ËK Ã&>B &Ë © . ~, ÛJÆ·ö Ò~º >ª«¶& /Ï Nêç ßb ² ÃB~B Æ· Ú¦ ~ Ã&f z. 43. 0.5%. o. o. −1. −1. −2. −1. −1. −4. −1. −1. −1. −1. −1. −1. 16). 13. 12). o. o. o. Fig. 4. (a) Diesel hydrocarbon removals for dry soil SVE without microwave heating., (b) Hydrocarbon removals after treatment.. ®Ú >ª«¶ö Æ· Ú J"bî WO>Ú ³~² BNb ãFBö synergy effect¢ &^z . &O ìº SVEöB ãFJ"bî~ B~ ê Wj &æº Ff î2& SVE~ ;ÎN BFÎ"¢ rjV * ãF& <º º*~ C ¦V C ~ êz>²~ B*çj ªC~& . Fig. 4¦V Fig. 7 f ªC Ö"¢ º£ © . Fig. 4f Fig. 5º & O ìº SVE ;~ 5 ÛJÆ·~ êz>² º ª~ æz¢ ¾æÞ © . (a)º *ö 8 Æ ·Ú~ êz>² ºª~ æz¢ ", (b)º ãF J" Æ·~ ¾Ò *" ê~ êz>²~ ³ê¢ ppm (mg-HC/kg-soil)b ¾æÞ © . î2 & ìj H, ' êz>²~ BNf Æ·~ ãÖ, C f 78.4%. C º 38.3%, C ~C f 13.0~18.5%, C f 4%, C º 0%î . ÛJÆ·~ ã Ö C f 67.7%, C º 28.2%, C ~C f 4.2~10.9%, C f C º 0%î . Ö"º &O ìº SVEö B ãFB~ &¦ªf C " C ~ Bö ~ Ú 10. 22. 10. 20. 10. 12. 14. 18. 22. 12. 14. 18. 20. 22. 10. 12. Table 2. Diesel removal rates for SVE with and without microwave heating. Diesel removal rates Ratio. Without Microwave Heating Dry soil Moist soil 1.4 10−2 min−1 5.0 10−4 min−1 28 : 1 :. Ü. Ü. Microwave Heating Dry soil Moist soil 1.0 10−1 min−1 7.9 10−1 min−1 200 : 1580. Ü. Ü. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004.

(9) B«ÚÁ;%9. 44. Fig. 5. (a) Diesel hydrocarbon removals for moist soil SVE without microwave heating., (b) Hydrocarbon removals after treatment.. æ C ç~ êz>²~ Bº ~¾ ~ Úææ p ®rj " ® . Fig. 6f î2 & Æ· SVE ;~ êz>²~ º ª~ æz¢ " ® . ' êz >²º C 99.4%, C 89.3%, C 67.0%, C öB C ræº 32.1~52.0%& B>î . $, Fig. 6f Fig. 2 öB Æ· î2 SVE ; .V 2ª ÿn ãFB& ®~ ©f C 5 C êz>²ò ¢¦ B> ¾^æ êz>²º B>æ p~V H^ªj " ® . Fig. 7f î2 & SVE ; ÛJÆ·öB ~ êz>² ºª~ æz¢ ¾æÚ ® . ' êz >²~ BNj , C ¦V C ræ Î êz>²& 93.6~99.8% B>î . Fig. 7f .V 2ª ÿn C " C & £ 80~96% ç &¦ª B> C & £ 50% B>B /Ï ãF B& Ú rrj " ® . >w 4ªã ræ C ç~ êz>²~ BNê 66.5~91.6% /Ï® Ã&~& . 4ª æ¾B &¦ª ~ êz>²~ º ª 6²~º ãËj º ©f Æ·Ú~ >ª«¶& ~ Îv ÃB~&V H^ ©b 'B . î2 & SVEöB >ª~ Ò. Fig. 6. (a) Diesel hydrocarbon removals for dry soil SVE with microwave heating, (b) Hydrocarbon removals after treatment.. 14. 10. 12. 14. 10. 10. 16. 22. 12. 22. 10. 12. 14. 14. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004. Fig. 7. (a) Diesel hydrocarbon removals for moist soil SVE with microwave heating., (b) Hydrocarbon removals after treatment..

(10) î\R & Æ· Ã8 ºÂ ;ö ~R ãF J" Æ·¾Ò. º ãFBöB synergy effect¢ &^Jº öÿK > V H^ . £ 100 CöB >ª Îv ÃB~B synergy effect& 6²~ ãFB³ê& 6²~º ©b '>Úê . o. 4.. −2. −4. −1. 10. 10. 10. −1. −1. −1. 12. 12. 22. Ò Ò º 2003jê Ú&v vÚ F jæöö ~~ >¯>îÛî .. ^^ò. Ö V. þöBº Æ· ç ãFJ"Æ·(Æ ·, ÛJÆ·)j &çb î2 & SVE ;" *Û' SVE ;¾Òö ~ ãF BÎN" B ³ê¢ rj~ . Ò î2 & SVE ~ ;ÎN BFÎ"¢ ï&~V * ãFê êz>² ~ B*çj ªC~ r" ?f Öj áî . 1. Æ·öB î2 & FZö 8 ã F BNj Ò Ö", b& 20ª~ >w* ÿn Æ·öB &>w ìº SVE ;f 24.3%~ ãF ¢ B >, î2 & SVE ;f 75.9%~ ãF¢ B~& . 2. ÛJÆ·öB î2 & FZö 8 ã F BN~ Ö"¢ , 10ª~ >w* ÿn &> w ìº SVE ;j ÒÏ®j H 0.5%~ ãF& B B >, î2 & SVE ;j Ï®j Hº 97.6%~ ¸f B ÎNj "î . 3. î2 & FZ~ 5 ÛJÆ·~ ãFB ³ê¢ jv Ö", î2 & SVE ; ÒÏ ö Æ·öBº 1.4Ü10 min öB 1.0 Ü10 min £ 7V, ÛJ Æ·öBº 5.0Ü10 min öB 7.9Ü10 min £ 1850V~ ¸f ãFB³ê ¢ "î . 4. î2 & ìº SVE ;öB Æ ·" ÛJÆ·öB~ êz>² BªC þ Ö", v. þöB C f 67.7~78.4%, C º 28.2~38.3%, C ç ~ êz>²º 0~18.5% B>î . 5. î2 & SVE ;öBº Æ·öB C 99.4%, C & 89.3% B>îb, C ç~ ê z>²º 32.1~67.0%~ BNj "î . 6. î2 & SVE ;öBº ÛJÆ·öB C ¦V C ræ~ Î êz>²& 93.6~99.8% B> Úr .. B î2 VFj *Ëö 'z~ wÏ~ V *Bº · Æ· Wç" B J"B Æ· j &çb z× up-scale B þ" ö VF"~ ãBWö & jv ï&& ºê >Ú^¢ © . −1. 45. 14. 14. −1. 1. Kostecki, P.T., Calabrese, E.J. Petroleum contaminated soils: remediation techniques, environmental fate, risk assessment, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI (1989). 2. Padersen, T.A., Curtis, J.T. Soil Vapor Extraction Technology. Noyes Data, Park Ridge, NJ, pp. 316 (1991). 3. Poppendieck, D.G., Loehr, R.C., Webster, and M.T., “Predicting hydrocarbon removal from thermally enhanced soil vapor extraction system: 1. Laboratory studies”, J. of Hazard. Mater., B69, pp 81-93 (1999). 4. Ayen, R.J., Palmer, C.R., and Swanstorm, C.P., In: Winson, D.J., Clarke, A.N., editors, Thermal desorption in hazardous waste site soil remediation, Chapter 6, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 265-310 (1994). 5. Schwarzenbach, R.P., Gschwend, P.M., and Imboden, D.M., Environmental Organic Chemistry, Chap 4, Wiley, New York (1993). 6. Cole, G.M., Assessment and Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites, Chapter 6, Lewis Publishers, pp. 64-66 (1994). 7. Jacob, J., Chia, L.H.L., and Boey, F.Y.C., “Review-thermal and non-thermal interaction of microwave radiation with materials”, J. of Mater. Sci., 30(21), pp. 5321-7 (1995). 8. Jones, D.A., Lelyveld, T.P., Mavrofidis, S.D., Kingman, S.W., Miles, N.J., “Microwave heating application in environmental engineering-a review”, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 34, pp. 75-90 (2002). 9. Windgasse, G., and Dauerman, L., “Microwave treatment of hazardous wastes. Removal of volatile and semi-volatile organic contaminants from soil”, J. Microwave Power Electromagn. Energy, 27(1), pp. 23-31 (1992). 10. Zhu, N., Gu, H., Windgasse, G. and Dauerman, L., “Microwave treatment of hazardous wastes. Remediation of soils contaminated by non- volatile organic chemicals like dioxins”, J. Microwave Power Electromagn. Energy, 27(1), pp. 54-61 (1992). 11. Sedhom, E., Dauerman, L., Ibrahim, N., and Windgasse, G., J. Microwave Power Electromagn. Energy. 27(2), 81p (1992). 12. Kawala, Z., Atamanczuk, T., “Microwave enhanced Thermal Decontamination of Soil”, Environ. Sci. Technol. 32, pp. 2602-2607 (1998). 13. Standard method 5520, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edn., United Book, Baltimore, Maryland (1998). Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004.

(11) 46. B«ÚÁ;79. 14. EPA 600/4-79-020, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, 3rd edn., US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC (1983). 15. EPA 530/SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, 3rd edn., US Environmental Protection Agency, Washing-. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 39~46, 2004. ton DC (1995). 16. EPA 510-B-95-006, How to Evaluate Alternative Cleanup Technologies for Underground Storage Tank Sites: A Guide for Corrective Action Plan Reviewers, US Environmental Protection Agency (1995)..

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