Studies of a-IGZO Thin Film Transistors Produced by Using Pulsed Laser Deposition and their Photo-induced Effects
S. J. Seo · J. H. Cho ∗
Research Center for Dielectric Advanced Matter Physics and Department of Physics Education, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
Y. H. Jang · C. H. Kim
Research Center for Dielectric Advanced Matter Physics and Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
(Received 7 April 2014 : revised 23 July 2014 : accepted 24 July 2014)
We have investigated the transport properties of amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin film transis- tors (TFTs) fabricated by using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. The threshold voltage (V
t) was shifted to a positive bias by both an increase in the oxygen partial pressure during the deposition and an increase in the during post heat treatment. This shift was due to decreases of the numbers of interface defects and free electron carriers caused by the reduction in the number of oxygen vacancies. In the KPFM (Kelvin probe force microscopy) measurements, the histogram data showed that the surface potential decreased with time due to a reduction in the number of oxygen vacancies because the measurements were performed in air. UV illumination resulted in a negative shift of the V
tin the absence of any bias stress. A persistent negative shift of the V
twas observed after removal of the UV illumination due to the photo-induced hole trap state in the interface, and sufficient time was needed to recover to the initial V
t.
PACS numbers: 61.80.Ba, 68.37.-d, 68.35.bj, 73.40.Ty Keywords: a-IGZO, TFT, Transfer characteristic, KPFM, UV
PLD 0 n É® z º < gX c l X ¢ R X N Ëù m Ç IGZO U c lT c l ² O U ' [8 ý UV° Ë Ñ º ì Å
"
k ç ¡ . > · Ð . > 0 ï F ∗
Ä
» ^ Ó ü t$ í ½ ¨ è, Â Òí ß @ / < Æ § Ó ü t o §¹ ¢ ¤ õ , Â Òí ß 609-735
» xZ 9 · ç ¡* × <0 ï F
Ä
» ^ Ó ü t$ í ½ ¨ è, Â Òí ß @ / < Æ § Ó ü t o < Æõ , Â Òí ß 609-735
(2014¸ 4 Z 4 7{ 9 ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2014¸ 7 Z 4 23{ 9 Ã º& ñ : r ~ Ã Î6 £ §, 2014¸ 7 Z 4 24{ 9 > F S X & ñ )
` O
Û ¼ Y Us $ 7 £ x Ã Ì (pulsed laser deposition, PLD)Z O ` ¦ s 6 x # q & ñ | 9 InGaZnO (amorphous InGaZnO, a-IGZO) ~ à Ì} à Ô ½ t Û ¼' (thin film transistor, TFT)\ ¦ ] j ¦ Õ ª ² ú : £ ¤$ í (transfer characteristics)` ¦ ¸ % i . 7 £ x Ã Ì r í ß è ì r · ú (50, 80 and 100 mTorr)_ 7 £ x x 9 Ê ê \ P % o (300
◦
C, 1 hour) \ _ K ë H) 3 · ú (threshold voltage, V
t) É r ª _ ~ ½ Ó ¾ ÓÜ ¼ Ð s 1 l x % i . s ü < ° ú É r ë H) 3
· ú s 1 l x É r í ß è / B N/ B N (oxygen vacancy) _ y è\ _ ô Ç H o # Q_ y è÷ r m G V , 8 £ x õ > s à Ô] X 753
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
754 New Physics: Sae Mulli, Vol. 64, No. 8, August 2014
8 £ x s \ > r F H > < Ê_ y è M :ë H Ü ¼ Ð Ð . KPFM (Kelvin probe force microscopy)` ¦ s
6 x ô Ç a-IGZO ~ à Ì} _ ³ ð 0 A 8 £ ¤& ñ z ´+ « >\ " f H @ /l ¸Ø ¦ \ _ K " f ³ ð 0 Aì r í r ç ß s t z
\
y è H כ Ü ¼ Ð z ¤ . ¢ ¸ô Ç UV F g ¸ \ _ K V
t H 6 £ § _ ~ ½ Ó ¾ ÓÜ ¼ Ð s 1 l x % i . UV F g ]
j Ê ê\ ¸ a-IGZOü < SiO
2> _ y © ô Ç f . Ë à Ôê Á M :ë H \ íl ° ú כÜ ¼ Ð r4 ¤ (recovery) l 0 AK " f H Ø
æì r ô Ç r ç ß s 9 כ ¹ô Ç כ Ü ¼ Ð z ¤ .
PACS numbers: 61.80.Ba, 68.37.-d, 68.35.bj, 73.40.Ty Keywords: q & ñ | 9 IGZO, TFT, ² ú : £ ¤$ í , KPFM, UV
I. " e  ] Ø
í
ß oÓ ü t ~ Ã Ì} à Ô ½ t Û ¼' (thin film transistor, TFT) H Õ
ª ½ ¨ ¸ü < ] j ¸/ B N& ñ s é ß í H # G V , 8 £ x Ü ¼ Ð 6 x H í ß
oÓ ü t ì ø Í ¸^ } _ 7 £ x à Ìõ & ñ ` ¦ ] jü @ ¦ H l > r ª í ß / B N& ñ
\
~ 1 > & h 6 x ½ + É Ã º e H s & h s e . t ë ß s é ß í H ô
Ç ½ ¨ ¸\ ¸ Ô ¦ ½ ¨ ¦ í ß oÓ ü t ì ø Í ¸^ _ d y ô Ç Ô ¦ î ß & ñ $ í M
:ë H \ f ³ ðï r / B N& ñ s ¦ Â Ò\ ¦ ë ß ô Ç ] j ¸/ B N& ñ É r > hµ 1 Ï
÷
&t 3 l w ¦ e . s í ß oÓ ü t ì ø Í ¸^ ~ Ã Ì} _ ] j \ " f
@
/³ ð& h ë H ] j& h Ü ¼ Ð H & ñ ZnO í ß oÓ ü t ~ Ã Ì} \ " f_
¦ : r 7 £ x Ã Ì x 9 ¦ : r \ P % o / B N& ñ ` ¦ [ þ t à º e . Õ ªo ¦ q
&
ñ | 9 InGaZnO (amorphous InGaZnO, a-IGZO) í ß oÓ ü t
~ Ã
Ì} _ â Ä º\ H PLD (pulsed laser deposition)Z O Ü ¼ Ð 7
£
x Ã Ì % i ` ¦ M : a % ~ É r : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ ? /t ë ß PLD\ ¦ s 6 x ô Ç
~ Ã
Ì} ] j É r f ] X n Û ¼e ¦ Y Us 1 p x _ @ / & h ª í ß / B N& ñ \
H ô Ç> e H z ´& ñ s . & ³F @ / & h 7 £ x à Ì` ¦ 0 AK 6 x
÷
& ¦ e H Û ¼( ' a A (sputtering)Z O _ â Ä º\ ¸ f î ß
&
ñ & h : £ ¤$ í ` ¦ % 3 l # Q 9Ö ¦ ÷ r m í ß oÓ ü t ~ Ã Ì} _ :
£ ¤$ í É r í ß è ì r · ú , 7 £ x Ã Ì : r ¸, Ê ê\ P % o (post annealing),
¿ (target) Õ ªo ¦ l ó ø Í (substrate)õ ° ú É r ´ ú § É r / B N& ñ
à º Ð K " f y > ì ø Í6 £ x H כ Ü ¼ Ð · ú 94 R e .
" f É r 7 £ x Ã Ì r Û ¼% 7 \ " f_ í ß oÓ ü t ~ à Ì} \ @ /ô Ç : £ ¤
$ í
o\ @ /ô Ç ½ ¨, í ß oÓ ü t TFT\ ¦ ½ ¨$ í H ³ ðï rÓ ü t| 9 x 9
³ ðï r / B N& ñ \ @ /ô Ç ½ ¨ Ö ¸ µ 1 Ïy s À Ò# Qt ¦ e [1–
3]. z ´] j TFT è Ð Ö ¸6 x l 0 AK " f H ¨ 8 â o\
É
r : r ¸î ß & ñ $ í \ @ /ô Ç : £ ¤$ í ¨ î ¸ s À Ò# Q4 R 9, í ß
oÓ ü t ì ø Í ¸^ _ ¦ : r 7 £ x Ã Ì x 9 ¦ : r Ê ê\ P % o \ ¦ @ /^ ½ + É Ã º e
H $ : r / B N& ñ > hµ 1 Ï ¸ ] X z ´ . { 9 ì ø Í& h Ü ¼ Ð : r ¸\
É
r : £ ¤$ í É r ¸@ / s À Ò H \ -t ï r 0 A (E c ) ü < ` Ø Ôp
\
-t ï r 0 A (E F ) _ s \ @ /ô Ç t à º < Êà º + þ AI Ð
l M :ë H \ Õ ª s 9 þ t à º2 ¤ : r ¸\ @ /K " f y ô Ç : £ ¤
$ í
` ¦ t ¦ ½ + É Ã º e . í ß oÓ ü t ì ø Í ¸^ _ â Ä º Si ì ø Í
¸^ \ q # © @ /& h Ü ¼ Ð H ½ × ¼ Ì s (band gap)` ¦ t
¦ e l M :ë H \ E c ü < E F _ s 9 þ t 0 p x$ í s ´ ú § .
" f s ° ú É r ë H ] j\ ¦ F G4 ¤ l 0 AK è _ ª ô Ç [ O
∗