대두 국제 가격은 1997년 5월에 톤당 331 달러(미국 Gulf, 2등품, f.o.b.) 까지 상승하였으나, 1997/98, 1998/99년의 연이은 풍작에 따라 1998년에
234.33 달러, 1999년 7월에는 168.98 달러까지 하락하였다. 이후 상승하기 시작하여 2000년 5월에는 톤당 211.72 달러까지 상승하였다.
이후 국제 가격이 하락하여 2000년 8월에는 톤당 178.87달러까지 하락하 다가 12월에는 196.98 달러까지 상승하였다. 2002년 8월(8월 29일 현재)에 는 215.03 달러 수준이다. 이는 전월대비 2.3%하락한 수준이나, 전년 대비 19.7%, 전년동월 대비 11.0% 상승하였다.
2002/03년도에는 소비량과 교역량이 늘어나고 기말재고량이 대폭 줄어 들어 대두의 국제 가격은 약 상승될 것으로 전망된다.
표 6 국제 곡물가격 동향
단위: 달러/톤, FOB
품 목 2000 평균
2001
평균 2001.8 2002.7 2002.8
증감률(%) 전년
대비
전년 동월
전월 대비 쌀(중립종) 431.70 294.34 267.30 281.09 281.09 △4.5 5.2 0.0 쌀(장립종) 211.68 178.13 173.00 186.50 181.00 1.6 4.6 △2.9 소 맥 110.28 126.91 130.30 131.69 156.53 23.3 20.1 18.9 옥수수 91.94 91.45 95.30 101.46 110.78 21.1 16.2 9.2 대 두 193.98 179.67 193.80 220.07 215.03 19.7 11.0 △2.3
주: 쌀 중립종은 U.S. California, Medium 1등품, 장립종은 태국 1등품, 소맥은 US Portland, White Wheat 1등품 가격, 옥수수와 대두는 US Gulf 2등품 가격임.
표 7 세계 쌀(정곡기준) 수급동향 및 전망
단위: 백만 톤 구 분 2000/01 2001/02
(추정)
2002/03(전망) 변동률(%)
2002.7 2002.8 전년대비 전월대비
공급량 541.50 541.75 518.81 522.22 △3.6 0.7
기초재고량 144.15 145.16 124.36 137.81 △5.1 10.8
생산량 397.35 396.59 394.45 384.41 △3.1 △2.5
미국 5.94 6.76 6.39 6.46 △4.4 1.1
태국 16.90 16.50 16.50 16.50 0.0 0.0
베트남 20.47 20.67 20.50 20.50 △0.8 0.0
인도네시아 32.55 32.42 32.50 32.50 0.2 0.0
중국 131.54 124.32 123.20 123.20 △0.9 0.0
일본 8.64 8.24 8.20 8.20 △0.5 0.0
수입량 21.48 24.37 24.58 24.48 0.5 △0.4
인도네시아 1.50 3.25 3.25 3.25 0.0 0.0
중국 0.27 0.20 0.40 0.40 100.0 0.0
일본 0.68 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.0 0.0
소비량 396.35 403.94 409.78 408.66 1.2 △0.3
미국 3.68 3.89 3.97 3.97 2.1 0.0
태국 9.40 9.50 9.60 9.60 1.1 0.0
베트남 17.28 17.40 17.70 17.70 1.7 0.0
인도네시아 35.88 36.36 36.79 36.79 1.2 0.0
중국 134.36 134.59 135.10 134.80 0.2 △0.2
일본 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 0.0 0.0
수출량 24.11 24.93 25.64 25.24 1.2 △1.6
미국 2.59 3.02 2.88 2.88 △4.6 0.0
태국 7.52 7.50 7.50 7.50 0.0 0.0
베트남 3.53 2.80 3.25 3.50 25.0 7.7
기말재고량 145.16 137.81 109.03 113.56 △17.6 4.2
미국 0.89 1.17 1.10 1.21 3.4 10.0
태국 1.69 1.19 0.59 0.59 △50.4 0.0
인도네시아 4.54 3.86 2.82 2.82 △26.9 0.0
중국 94.10 82.53 69.00 69.08 △16.3 0.1
일본 1.67 1.46 1.21 1.21 △17.1 0.0
자료: USDA, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, WASDE-389, August 12, 2002.
표 8 세계 소맥 수급동향 및 전망
단위: 백만 톤 구 분 2000/01 2001/02
(추정)
2002/03(전망) 변동률(%)
2002.7 2002.8 전년대비 전월대비
공급량 759.28 748.24 741.36 733.61 △2.0 △1.0
기초재고량 175.40 168.66 160.64 161.34 △4.3 0.4
생산량 583.88 579.58 580.72 572.27 △1.3 △1.5
미국 60.76 53.28 47.59 45.89 △13.9 △3.6
호주 23.77 24.00 23.00 20.00 △16.7 △13.0
캐나다 26.80 21.30 23.00 18.00 △15.5 △21.7
EU15 104.78 91.73 108.61 107.66 17.4 △0.9
중국 99.64 93.87 92.00 92.00 △2.0 0.0
러시아 34.45 46.90 41.00 41.00 △12.6 0.0
수입량 101.53 106.90 102.67 100.97 △5.5 △1.7
EU15 3.16 9.00 3.50 3.50 △61.1 0.0
브라질 7.29 6.70 6.50 6.00 △10.4 △7.7
북아프리카 18.28 16.30 16.20 16.00 △1.8 △1.2
파키스탄 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.50 42.9 0.0
인도 0.06 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.0 0.0
러시아 1.60 0.50 1.00 1.00 100.0 0.0
소비량 590.62 586.89 594.28 594.86 1.4 0.1
미국 36.30 32.88 32.82 32.55 △1.0 △0.8
EU15 91.98 91.93 94.60 94.60 2.9 0.0
중국 114.10 112.60 110.00 110.00 △2.3 0.0
파키스탄 20.50 19.80 19.75 19.75 △0.3 0.0
러시아 35.16 38.00 39.00 39.00 2.6 0.0
수출량 102.82 106.49 104.22 102.67 △3.6 △1.5
미국 28.90 26.16 24.49 24.49 △6.4 0.0
캐나다 17.32 16.50 15.00 12.00 △27.3 △20.0
EU15 15.23 10.00 13.50 15.00 50.0 11.1
기말재고량 168.66 161.34 147.08 138.75 △14.0 △5.7
미국 23.85 21.01 14.14 12.72 △39.5 △10.0
EU15 13.38 12.18 16.19 13.74 12.8 △15.1
중국 56.47 37.53 20.54 20.53 △45.3 0.0
자료: USDA, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, WASDE-389, August 12, 2002.
표 9 세계 옥수수 수급동향 및 전망
단위: 백만 톤 구 분 2000/01 2001/02
(추정)
2002/03(전망) 변동률(%)
2002.7 2002.8 전년대비 전월대비
공급량 757.11 744.21 741.62 713.00 △4.2 △3.9
기초재고량 171.04 150.74 126.92 126.51 △16.1 △0.3
생산량 586.07 593.47 614.70 586.49 △1.2 △4.6
미국 251.85 241.49 248.68 225.72 △6.5 △9.2
아르헨티나 15.40 14.40 11.00 11.00 △23.6 0.0
EU15 37.46 38.81 39.19 39.19 1.0 0.0
멕시코 17.92 19.60 19.00 19.00 △3.1 0.0
동남아시아 15.17 14.99 14.70 14.70 △1.9 0.0
중국 106.00 114.00 125.00 125.00 9.6 0.0
수입량 74.91 73.40 71.50 71.67 △2.4 0.2
EU15 2.86 2.75 2.50 2.50 △9.1 0.0
일본 16.34 16.00 15.50 15.50 △3.1 0.0
멕시코 5.93 5.00 6.00 6.00 20.0 0.0
동남아시아 4.24 3.73 4.13 4.03 8.1 △2.4
한국 8.74 8.50 8.50 8.50 0.0 0.0
소비량 606.37 617.70 626.88 621.17 0.6 △0.9
미국 198.10 200.16 200.92 197.37 △1.4 △1.8
EU15 40.30 41.60 41.70 41.70 0.2 0.0
일본 16.20 15.90 15.70 15.70 △1.3 0.0
멕시코 24.00 25.00 25.50 25.50 2.0 0.0
동남아시아 18.85 18.61 18.56 18.51 △0.5 △0.3
한국 8.70 8.65 8.65 8.65 0.0 0.0
중국 120.00 124.00 127.00 127.00 2.4 0.0
수출량 77.23 71.67 71.31 71.89 0.3 0.8
미국 49.31 48.26 52.07 50.80 5.3 △2.4
아르헨티나 9.68 9.50 6.30 6.30 △33.7 0.0
중국 7.28 7.00 6.00 8.00 14.3 33.3
기말재고량 150.74 126.51 114.74 91.84 △27.4 △20.0
미국 48.24 41.56 37.24 19.48 △53.1 △47.7
아르헨티나 0.64 0.70 0.62 0.62 △11.4 0.0
EU15 3.38 3.29 3.23 3.23 △1.8 0.0
중국 81.13 64.18 57.68 54.28 △15.4 △5.9
자료: USDA, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, WASDE-389, August 12, 2002.
표 10 세계 대두 수급동향 및 전망
단위: 백만 톤 구 분 2000/01 2001/02
(추정)
2002/03(전망) 변동률(%)
2002.7 2002.8 전년대비 전월대비
공급량 203.01 214.52 219.93 213.50 △0.5 △2.9
기초재고량 27.91 30.80 30.52 30.22 △1.9 △1.0
생산량 175.10 183.72 189.41 183.28 △0.2 △3.2
미국 75.06 78.67 77.84 71.53 △9.1 △8.1
아르헨티나 27.80 29.50 30.00 30.00 1.7 0.0
브라질 39.00 43.50 47.00 48.00 10.3 2.1
중국 15.40 15.41 15.60 15.60 1.2 0.0
수입량 55.04 57.05 60.64 60.96 6.9 0.5
EU15 18.92 20.34 20.86 20.86 2.6 0.0
일본 4.77 5.00 4.90 4.90 △2.0 0.0
중국 13.24 10.50 14.00 14.00 33.3 0.0
소비량 172.17 184.23 190.78 190.61 3.5 △0.1
미국 49.20 51.33 51.41 50.46 △1.7 △1.8
아르헨티나 18.40 21.38 22.78 23.03 7.7 1.1
브라질 24.69 26.18 28.33 29.33 12.0 3.5
EU15 18.44 19.87 20.40 20.40 2.7 0.0
일본 5.08 5.19 5.14 5.14 △1.0 0.0
중국 26.70 28.28 29.35 29.35 3.8 0.0
수출량 55.07 57.13 60.44 60.95 6.7 0.8
미국 27.10 28.85 25.99 22.32 △22.6 △14.1
아르헨티나 7.42 7.00 8.50 10.60 51.4 24.7
브라질 15.47 16.20 20.20 22.20 37.0 9.9
기말재고량 30.80 30.22 29.37 22.90 △24.2 △22.0
미국 6.74 5.31 6.27 4.21 △20.7 △32.9
아르헨티나 7.93 9.44 7.82 6.02 △36.2 △23.0
브라질 8.38 10.40 10.02 7.77 △25.3 △22.5
자료: USDA, World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates, WASDE-389, August 12, 2002.
(성명환 mhsung@krei.re.kr 02-3299-4366 농산업경제연구부)
표 1 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 세계전체 ) 표 2 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 선진국 ) 표 3 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 개도국 ) 표 4 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 아시아 ) 표 5 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 유럽 )
표 6 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 북아메리카 )
표 7 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 남아메리카 )
표 8 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 아프리카 )
표 9 세계 옥수수 통계 ( 오세아니아 )
표 1 세계 옥수수 통계(세계전체)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 102,839 2.02 207,786 20,145 17,127 211,790 26.6 98.1 1962 101,992 2.03 207,267 20,075 19,772 215,080 22.5 96.4 1963 107,361 2.02 217,054 21,853 22,285 212,521 24.9 102.1 1964 105,985 2.03 215,389 23,946 21,432 225,218 19.1 95.6 1965 104,471 2.16 225,485 28,073 25,359 234,919 14.3 96 1966 109,662 2.28 250,080 27,020 25,424 244,708 16 102.2 1967 110,345 2.38 262,164 29,207 27,905 254,143 18.5 103.2 1968 108,776 2.32 252,496 26,951 27,726 255,871 17.1 98.7 1969 109,941 2.46 270,038 31,162 28,169 272,664 15.1 99 1970 112,523 2.38 268,078 32,156 28,392 273,002 13.2 98.2 1971 116,226 2.65 308,500 35,836 32,903 295,626 16.6 104.3 1972 111,871 2.69 301,447 44,914 42,837 312,453 12.2 96.5 1973 118,151 2.8 330,523 54,148 50,886 329,819 11.7 100.2 1974 118,735 2.53 299,781 46,923 46,659 292,063 15.9 102.6 1975 121,969 2.78 339,215 59,673 57,464 332,697 15.9 102 1976 124,260 2.87 356,140 60,043 57,311 340,759 20.1 104.5 1977 125,772 2.91 365,441 65,319 62,966 356,471 21.7 102.5 1978 126,046 3.11 392,141 70,816 69,837 378,047 24.2 103.7 1979 127,024 3.35 425,329 77,750 79,277 406,304 27.2 104.7 1980 131,200 3.12 408,764 84,851 79,110 417,208 24.6 98 1981 133,057 3.32 441,814 72,914 77,907 417,153 30.5 105.9 1982 125,328 3.51 440,080 65,582 72,892 417,480 35.9 105.4 1983 119,672 2.91 348,237 67,242 64,274 408,985 21.8 85.2 1984 129,012 3.56 458,574 72,604 72,512 429,457 27.5 106.8 1985 131,048 3.66 479,061 61,797 61,884 418,527 42.7 114.5 1986 131,985 3.61 476,033 61,636 59,402 449,576 45.6 105.9 1987 127,452 3.54 451,071 66,679 63,355 459,079 42.9 98.3 1988 126,319 3.17 400,859 74,551 74,047 452,667 32.1 88.5 1989 127,427 3.62 461,186 79,667 81,226 473,987 27.9 97.3 1990 129,300 3.73 482,391 64,463 61,335 473,921 29.7 101.8 1991 132,584 3.71 491,360 68,720 73,109 491,750 28.6 99.9 1992 133,511 4.03 538,542 70,535 66,850 517,453 31.3 104.1 1993 131,608 3.62 476,195 67,235 65,826 510,770 25 93.2 1994 135,656 4.13 560,304 72,607 75,343 540,680 27.2 103.6 1995 134,751 3.84 517,406 77,426 71,788 542,066 22.6 95.5 1996 141,609 4.18 592,173 73,682 72,768 565,263 26.4 104.8 1997 136,137 4.22 575,237 71,738 71,543 578,403 25.3 99.5 1998 138,939 4.36 605,606 75,803 75,215 582,703 29 103.9 1999 139,025 4.37 606,922 85,776 79,980 604,547 28.4 100.4 2000 135,821 4.31 585,689 86,001 82,323 604,276 25.3 96.9 2001 135,777 4.32 587,293 77,214 79,649 611,981 20.9 96
표 2 세계 옥수수 통계(선진국)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 31,328 3.42 107,025 13,579 14,427 116,501 39.4 91.9 1962 30,353 3.49 105,977 13,469 16,818 117,347 32.3 90.3 1963 32,056 3.66 117,361 14,516 19,201 117,721 35.9 99.7 1964 30,287 3.4 103,117 16,239 19,022 116,677 26.9 88.4 1965 30,158 3.98 119,959 19,196 22,708 130,398 18.8 92 1966 31,234 4.09 127,851 17,301 23,248 131,314 20.6 97.4 1967 32,939 4.3 141,584 19,981 24,757 139,926 23.9 101.2 1968 30,755 4.33 133,144 17,148 24,593 142,302 22.3 93.6 1969 30,266 4.67 141,226 19,910 24,579 148,361 19.7 95.2 1970 31,947 4.18 133,480 20,323 23,951 145,111 14.6 92 1971 35,189 4.95 174,135 28,198 25,944 159,501 21.1 109.2 1972 31,648 5.25 166,129 36,225 30,366 171,800 12.9 96.7 1973 34,418 5.2 178,984 41,462 35,419 175,778 11 101.8 1974 35,716 4.19 149,806 37,923 34,697 143,292 15.7 104.5 1975 36,754 4.83 177,671 49,406 33,782 162,222 13.8 109.5 1976 37,672 5 188,454 49,324 40,849 166,299 21.7 113.3 1977 38,114 5.24 199,636 55,946 35,944 170,786 26.3 116.9 1978 38,252 5.7 217,919 61,054 38,267 188,753 27.2 115.5 1979 38,817 6.18 240,031 70,302 38,784 199,589 30.2 120.3 1980 39,076 5.41 211,334 71,425 41,647 194,517 24.3 108.7 1981 39,895 6.13 244,474 60,602 38,491 196,830 37 124.2 1982 39,274 6.23 244,687 53,377 38,568 205,664 47.2 119 1983 30,719 4.58 140,625 55,165 34,402 185,884 16.7 75.7 1984 38,923 6.05 235,382 54,367 30,623 193,183 25.6 121.8 1985 40,621 6.63 269,116 41,715 29,156 193,928 57.8 138.8 1986 38,123 6.57 250,289 47,647 27,073 210,625 62.3 118.8 1987 33,851 6.62 224,136 53,275 28,662 215,933 53.1 103.8 1988 33,320 5.23 174,295 64,076 28,268 196,319 29 88.8 1989 35,562 6.64 236,104 70,073 27,929 209,818 19.6 112.5 1990 35,715 6.76 241,360 51,149 26,495 213,485 20.7 113.1 1991 37,268 6.16 229,547 48,301 31,301 222,563 15.4 103.1 1992 38,448 7.45 286,447 51,047 27,306 234,586 26.6 122.1 1993 35,046 6.05 211,927 48,478 28,627 224,619 13.3 94.3 1994 37,708 7.86 296,321 62,746 29,837 247,940 18.3 119.5 1995 34,987 6.73 235,334 67,372 28,897 226,058 7.1 104.1 1996 38,681 7.43 287,587 55,448 28,424 246,419 12.3 116.7 1997 38,345 7.51 287,897 48,425 29,195 257,855 15.9 111.7 1998 38,295 7.85 300,522 60,858 30,651 258,948 20.2 116 1999 37,702 7.88 297,175 59,953 29,085 265,987 19.8 111.7 2000 37,910 8.05 305,194 59,540 31,678 273,878 20.5 111.4 2001 36,928 8.09 298,896 60,224 31,279 277,844 17.4 107.6
표 3 세계 옥수수 통계(개도국)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 71,511 1.41 100,761 6,566 2,700 92,271 11.2 109.2 1962 71,639 1.41 101,290 6,606 2,954 97,430 10.8 104 1963 75,305 1.32 99,693 7,337 3,084 95,232 11.3 104.7 1964 75,698 1.48 112,272 7,707 2,410 106,027 11 105.9 1965 74,313 1.42 105,526 8,877 2,651 101,807 9 103.7 1966 78,428 1.56 122,229 9,719 2,176 111,798 10.8 109.3 1967 77,406 1.56 120,580 9,226 3,148 112,915 12.1 106.8 1968 78,021 1.53 119,352 9,803 3,133 114,344 10.5 104.4 1969 79,675 1.62 128,812 11,252 3,590 121,310 9.7 106.2 1970 80,576 1.67 134,598 11,833 4,441 124,127 12 108.4 1971 81,037 1.66 134,365 7,638 6,959 133,192 11.6 100.9 1972 80,223 1.69 135,318 8,689 12,471 138,576 11.5 97.7 1973 83,733 1.81 151,539 12,686 15,467 150,779 12.9 100.5 1974 83,019 1.81 149,975 9,000 11,962 148,507 16.1 101 1975 85,215 1.9 161,544 10,267 23,682 168,266 18.2 96 1976 86,588 1.94 167,686 10,719 16,462 171,728 18.8 97.7 1977 87,658 1.89 165,805 9,373 27,022 183,332 17.7 90.4 1978 87,794 1.98 174,222 9,762 31,570 188,315 21.3 92.5 1979 88,207 2.1 185,298 7,448 40,493 208,242 24.1 89 1980 92,124 2.14 197,430 13,426 37,463 216,950 25.5 91 1981 93,162 2.12 197,340 12,312 39,416 225,316 24.1 87.6 1982 86,054 2.27 195,393 12,205 34,324 219,126 24.1 89.2 1983 88,953 2.33 207,612 12,077 29,872 220,133 26.4 94.3 1984 90,089 2.48 223,192 18,237 41,889 236,182 29.1 94.5 1985 90,427 2.32 209,945 20,082 32,728 224,686 29.6 93.4 1986 93,862 2.4 225,744 13,989 32,329 236,717 31.2 95.4 1987 93,601 2.42 226,935 13,404 34,693 239,822 34.3 94.6 1988 92,999 2.44 226,564 10,475 45,779 255,844 34.5 88.6 1989 91,865 2.45 225,082 9,594 53,297 265,728 34.4 84.7 1990 93,585 2.58 241,031 13,314 34,840 257,308 37.6 93.7 1991 95,316 2.75 261,813 20,419 41,808 273,576 38.9 95.7 1992 93,546 2.65 247,582 18,941 39,544 275,216 36.2 90 1993 95,173 2.73 260,266 18,341 37,199 281,156 34.8 92.6 1994 96,562 2.68 259,259 9,490 45,506 291,123 35 89 1995 98,392 2.81 276,244 9,774 42,891 304,822 34.9 90.6 1996 101,489 2.95 299,219 18,038 44,344 312,759 38.1 95.7 1997 96,426 2.92 281,301 23,079 42,348 314,548 33.4 89.4 1998 99,293 3.02 299,910 14,819 44,564 318,119 36.7 94.3 1999 100,056 3.03 303,607 25,774 50,895 326,673 36.4 92.9 2000 96,704 2.87 277,551 26,411 50,570 323,751 29.9 85.7 2001 97,549 2.89 282,197 16,940 48,370 330,422 24.2 85.4
표 4 세계 옥수수 통계(아시아)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 25,113 1.33 33,494 749 2,811 31,206 23.7 107.3 1962 25,209 1.37 34,479 988 3,350 36,990 19.6 93.2 1963 27,168 1.24 33,661 1,205 3,804 36,488 19.2 92.2 1964 28,455 1.31 37,384 1,318 3,656 40,529 15.3 92.2 1965 28,036 1.32 37,071 1,505 3,310 39,971 12.8 92.7 1966 30,336 1.41 42,827 1,537 4,489 44,679 13.9 95.8 1967 29,143 1.56 45,405 1,503 5,656 47,437 17.6 95.7 1968 29,697 1.44 42,838 1,507 6,135 47,514 17.4 90.2 1969 29,630 1.48 43,761 1,772 7,239 49,285 16.7 88.8 1970 30,250 1.7 51,496 2,120 6,637 53,581 19.9 96.1 1971 30,868 1.68 52,022 2,753 7,575 54,924 22.9 94.7 1972 30,450 1.58 47,990 1,525 10,622 56,907 22.4 84.3 1973 32,275 1.77 57,247 2,529 13,055 65,155 23.6 87.9 1974 32,697 1.87 61,167 2,609 10,153 64,402 30.6 95 1975 34,348 1.98 67,954 3,039 11,372 71,383 34.5 95.2 1976 34,628 1.95 67,628 2,604 13,050 77,113 33.1 87.7 1977 35,331 1.94 68,385 1,667 14,839 81,725 31.1 83.7 1978 36,288 2.13 77,457 2,498 20,982 85,661 41.6 90.4 1979 35,979 2.25 81,034 2,487 20,162 90,335 48.8 89.7 1980 36,883 2.31 85,332 2,442 21,750 102,700 44.8 83.1 1981 36,557 2.3 84,081 3,573 21,640 104,389 41.9 80.5 1982 34,516 2.4 82,886 2,297 26,769 105,385 43.4 78.7 1983 35,955 2.63 94,667 3,569 23,171 107,904 48.3 87.7 1984 36,010 2.82 101,441 8,756 22,530 108,567 54.1 93.4 1985 35,084 2.58 90,564 10,241 23,633 105,754 53.8 85.6 1986 36,769 2.68 98,624 6,708 27,416 114,665 53.7 86 1987 37,319 2.78 103,648 5,629 29,196 118,794 58.9 87.2 1988 37,355 2.86 106,770 5,891 27,658 124,577 59.4 85.7 1989 37,583 2.92 109,625 4,463 30,243 132,491 58 82.7 1990 38,703 3.28 126,815 8,155 29,534 137,950 63.2 91.9 1991 38,550 3.29 126,944 10,822 31,061 141,885 65.2 89.5 1992 38,011 3.31 125,908 13,003 32,015 149,696 58.6 84.1 1993 37,276 3.55 132,257 12,111 30,814 153,950 55 85.9 1994 38,635 3.36 129,761 1,757 39,801 164,345 53.6 79 1995 39,548 3.6 142,372 438 36,257 171,778 55 82.9 1996 41,321 3.85 159,061 4,009 34,586 176,856 60.7 89.9 1997 39,892 3.38 134,746 6,892 32,508 175,273 52.7 76.9 1998 42,132 3.95 166,478 3,620 32,365 180,336 59.5 92.3 1999 42,591 3.78 161,090 10,064 35,087 185,336 58.3 86.9 2000 39,818 3.51 139,568 8,102 35,230 188,048 46.1 74.2 2001 40,152 3.57 143,288 3,400 32,180 189,615 36.5 75.6
표 5 세계 옥수수 통계(유럽)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 18,802 2.17 40,768 2,900 12,371 49,396 5.5 82.5 1962 18,044 2.12 38,201 2,547 14,262 50,176 4.9 76.1 1963 18,415 2.09 38,389 3,627 16,550 51,319 4.8 74.8 1964 16,266 2.59 42,137 3,152 15,935 55,290 3.8 76.2 1965 14,204 2.4 34,102 3,079 19,938 50,908 4.2 67 1966 14,273 2.91 41,519 3,782 19,261 56,126 5.4 74
1967 14,516 2.76 40,057 3,304 20,257 57,207 5 70
1968 14,489 2.86 41,465 4,552 19,008 56,042 4.8 74 1969 15,412 3.2 49,251 4,664 18,288 62,033 5.7 79.4 1970 14,594 3.19 46,506 5,852 19,788 60,784 5.3 76.5 1971 15,122 3.3 49,860 5,323 23,360 67,464 5.4 73.9 1972 16,098 3.38 54,429 6,077 28,035 75,855 5.5 71.8 1973 15,946 3.7 58,975 9,008 32,341 81,886 5.6 72 1974 15,519 3.51 54,509 6,497 30,261 76,469 8.4 71.3 1975 14,784 3.72 55,012 7,257 40,644 89,166 6.3 61.7 1976 15,032 3.65 54,837 5,854 38,134 87,148 6.4 62.9 1977 15,203 3.98 60,530 5,569 39,732 93,574 7.2 64.7 1978 14,067 4.07 57,201 5,631 41,120 93,416 6.4 61.2 1979 14,851 4.39 65,164 6,790 45,632 103,557 6.2 62.9 1980 14,580 4.24 61,755 6,103 43,536 99,190 7 62.3 1981 15,029 4.26 63,991 6,517 45,694 102,566 7.4 62.4 1982 15,183 4.96 75,248 9,181 29,528 94,760 8.9 79.4 1983 14,907 4.69 69,938 9,101 26,901 90,380 6.4 77.4 1984 15,297 4.83 73,848 7,903 37,035 99,955 8.8 73.9 1985 15,900 4.54 72,153 8,359 25,683 88,154 11.5 81.8 1986 15,696 4.82 75,700 10,752 18,216 82,563 13 91.7 1987 15,089 4.7 70,838 11,310 19,782 80,265 11.6 88.3 1988 15,232 4.68 71,260 10,712 30,845 90,095 11.8 79.1 1989 14,625 4.7 68,807 10,297 29,590 86,836 13.7 79.2 1990 12,464 4.17 51,971 7,084 16,415 66,603 9.9 78 1991 13,228 5.35 70,711 10,458 20,652 77,583 12.8 91.1 1992 13,778 4.11 56,688 8,830 17,232 68,480 10.2 82.8 1993 13,473 4.38 58,964 10,886 15,556 64,024 10.3 92.1 1994 12,261 4.44 54,410 8,183 11,795 60,091 7.5 90.5 1995 12,716 4.8 61,059 8,248 11,701 63,907 8 95.5 1996 12,884 5.07 65,279 10,051 11,956 66,327 9 98.4 1997 13,793 5.85 80,645 12,083 11,588 75,083 14.7 107.4 1998 13,000 5 65,044 12,043 13,205 70,371 9.8 92.4 1999 12,809 5.61 71,833 11,642 13,216 72,056 11.4 99.7 2000 13,045 4.73 61,726 9,919 12,963 65,246 11.9 94.6 2001 13,594 5.36 72,849 12,617 13,220 71,516 13.5 101.9
표 6 세계 옥수수 통계(북아메리카)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 29,877 3.27 97,692 10,484 751 96,993 43.9 100.7 1962 29,130 3.36 97,903 10,069 1,209 96,267 36.7 101.7 1963 30,891 3.55 109,702 12,136 694 93,153 43.4 117.8 1964 29,872 3.26 97,346 15,414 466 92,394 33 105.4 1965 30,218 3.76 113,729 17,859 601 104,342 21.6 109 1966 30,895 3.75 115,747 13,195 568 103,758 21.1 111.5 1967 32,417 4.11 133,342 16,472 795 109,422 27.6 121.9 1968 30,644 4.03 123,600 14,245 854 111,672 25.7 110.7 1969 29,735 4.29 127,440 15,612 1,451 116,289 22.1 109.6 1970 31,711 3.69 117,006 13,152 508 112,655 15.5 103.9 1971 34,521 4.5 155,468 20,366 303 123,967 23.3 125.4 1972 31,312 4.87 152,362 31,644 2,192 133,446 13.7 114.2 1973 33,593 4.64 155,922 31,247 2,498 132,347 9.9 117.8 1974 34,766 3.73 129,821 29,190 3,183 102,150 14.5 127.1 1975 35,902 4.49 161,307 42,517 2,185 118,389 14.7 136.2 1976 37,514 4.61 173,111 42,008 2,222 120,180 25.4 144 1977 37,625 4.76 179,186 48,494 2,137 125,139 30.6 143.2 1978 37,891 5.25 198,847 53,868 1,336 139,877 31.9 142.2 1979 37,792 5.71 215,860 61,345 4,882 150,411 35.7 143.5 1980 38,584 4.79 184,801 61,793 5,218 143,218 27 129 1981 39,448 5.71 225,396 51,855 1,407 146,412 45.9 153.9 1982 36,535 6.09 222,694 46,753 4,774 156,522 58.4 142.3 1983 28,440 4.26 121,262 48,346 2,728 140,027 19.3 86.6 1984 36,588 5.78 211,559 47,569 2,340 149,865 29 141.2 1985 37,759 6.43 242,917 31,829 2,402 152,453 68.5 159.3 1986 34,880 6.45 224,856 38,054 3,943 169,434 74.3 132.7 1987 31,087 6.37 198,108 43,968 3,221 173,353 63.4 114.3 1988 30,568 4.6 140,744 51,536 4,184 152,992 32.8 92 1989 33,052 6.28 207,641 60,157 5,611 167,081 21.7 124.3 1990 34,757 6.41 222,701 44,000 2,548 175,569 23.9 126.8 1991 35,951 5.9 211,970 41,209 1,736 183,952 16.6 115.2 1992 37,562 7.03 264,233 42,457 1,831 197,597 28.6 133.7 1993 35,011 5.33 186,628 34,377 2,772 187,428 12.8 99.6 1994 38,322 7.29 279,343 55,731 4,334 210,148 19.9 132.9 1995 35,193 6.05 213,021 57,303 7,707 191,181 7.4 111.4 1996 38,690 6.74 260,820 46,078 4,375 207,326 12.5 125.8 1997 37,628 6.86 257,978 38,672 6,100 215,689 16.5 119.6 1998 38,394 7.15 274,622 51,256 6,878 217,743 22.1 126.1 1999 36,921 7.26 267,950 49,562 5,977 224,975 21.1 119.1 2000 37,856 7.3 276,381 49,280 8,640 232,189 22 119 2001 36,946 7.27 268,685 49,212 8,654 236,073 18.3 113.8
표 7 세계 옥수수 통계(남아메리카)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 12,291 1.4 17,222 2,938 137 14,478 14.9 119
1962 12,860 1.36 17,464 3,321 108 14,265 15.1 122.4
1963 13,268 1.3 17,280 3,494 150 13,990 15 123.5
1964 14,169 1.42 20,108 3,236 160 15,452 23.8 130.1 1965 14,426 1.48 21,355 4,483 81 17,900 15.2 119.3 1966 15,192 1.57 23,828 4,610 180 17,818 24.2 133.7 1967 15,484 1.45 22,452 4,415 163 18,090 24.4 124.1 1968 15,701 1.44 22,624 4,377 513 20,500 13.1 110.4 1969 16,469 1.63 26,798 7,401 357 19,981 12.3 134.1 1970 17,187 1.59 27,299 7,410 420 20,000 13.8 136.5 1971 16,189 1.47 23,857 2,763 471 23,667 2.8 100.8 1972 15,757 1.65 25,994 4,764 739 21,248 6.5 122.3 1973 16,934 1.72 29,163 7,057 720 23,315 3.8 125.1 1974 16,100 1.69 27,143 4,483 664 22,922 5.6 118.4 1975 16,277 1.67 27,121 4,805 694 23,117 5.1 117.3 1976 16,560 1.86 30,760 6,495 1,042 25,132 5.4 122.4 1977 16,177 1.66 26,911 5,930 2,700 24,073 4 111.8 1978 16,669 1.74 28,952 5,970 2,346 25,810 1.9 112.2 1979 16,630 1.84 30,596 3,418 3,333 29,489 5.1 103.8 1980 18,573 2.11 39,199 9,106 2,019 31,345 7.2 125.1 1981 18,891 1.92 36,353 6,511 1,928 31,213 9.1 116.5 1982 16,285 1.98 32,258 6,532 2,577 30,172 3.2 106.9 1983 17,497 1.97 34,397 5,864 2,054 30,564 3.2 112.5 1984 17,685 2.11 37,316 7,208 2,175 31,398 6 118.8 1985 18,541 2.01 37,293 7,439 2,589 32,437 5.8 115 1986 20,194 2.02 40,856 4,084 1,045 37,183 6.8 109.9 1987 18,971 2.08 39,541 4,410 959 35,248 9.5 112.2 1988 17,574 2.09 36,657 1,842 464 33,696 14.7 108.8 1989 16,670 1.98 32,949 2,842 2,058 35,168 5.5 93.7 1990 18,028 2.05 36,960 4,021 1,977 35,245 4.5 104.9 1991 18,755 2.46 46,106 6,136 2,673 39,837 11.1 115.7 1992 17,228 2.58 44,416 4,848 3,958 42,822 11.9 103.7 1993 18,530 2.59 48,063 4,265 4,765 47,261 13.6 101.7 1994 19,361 2.82 54,500 6,212 5,544 50,900 18.4 107.1 1995 18,951 2.59 49,070 7,971 4,537 50,531 8.8 97.1 1996 19,735 2.89 57,011 11,685 5,263 50,993 7.9 111.8 1997 16,871 3.27 55,160 12,536 7,326 50,583 6.8 109 1998 16,972 3.02 51,269 8,069 6,751 51,031 4.6 100.5 1999 18,104 3.02 54,637 12,803 7,420 49,793 3.6 109.7 2000 18,177 3.47 63,058 17,186 5,662 50,034 6.6 126 2001 17,135 3.18 54,480 10,350 5,835 50,705 5 107.5
표 8 세계 옥수수 통계(아프리카)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 14,073 1.12 15,718 3,030 685 13,487 8.2 116.5 1962 14,050 1.17 16,400 3,103 344 13,849 6.5 118.4 1963 14,884 1.01 15,014 1,350 548 14,482 4.3 103.7
1964 14,459 1.06 15,352 743 590 15,481 2.2 99.2
1965 14,861 1.1 16,411 1,069 788 15,672 5.1 104.7 1966 16,241 1.42 23,064 3,838 351 17,188 18.6 134.2 1967 15,998 1.11 17,723 3,438 432 17,028 5.2 104.1 1968 15,535 1.21 18,766 2,209 624 17,069 5.8 109.9
1969 15,927 1.22 19,483 1,642 319 18,245 5 106.8
1970 16,158 1.38 22,350 3,517 407 18,299 10.1 122.1 1971 16,756 1.41 23,595 4,573 436 18,338 16.2 128.7
1972 15,409 1.13 17,448 883 443 18,710 6.8 93.2
1973 16,531 1.56 25,727 4,304 1,183 19,326 23.5 133.1 1974 16,746 1.4 23,450 4,095 1,064 20,938 19.2 112 1975 17,600 1.35 23,779 2,017 1,175 23,196 16.3 102.5 1976 17,772 1.45 25,844 3,005 1,251 22,909 21.6 112.8 1977 18,669 1.41 26,262 3,596 1,386 23,598 22.9 111.3 1978 18,416 1.37 25,199 2,762 1,740 25,578 15.7 98.5 1979 19,078 1.48 28,188 3,534 2,461 27,163 14.6 103.8 1980 19,774 1.68 33,224 5,265 3,399 27,456 28.6 121 1981 20,385 1.35 27,581 4,334 3,911 29,811 17.5 92.5
1982 20,045 1.13 22,595 682 5,598 30,023 9 75.3
1983 20,284 1.15 23,318 261 5,951 29,309 8.2 79.6 1984 20,687 1.42 29,486 971 4,651 31,217 13.9 94.5 1985 21,215 1.46 30,992 3,796 3,733 30,758 14.7 100.8 1986 21,796 1.4 30,419 1,977 4,135 33,452 10.9 90.9 1987 21,620 1.43 30,978 1,290 3,661 33,461 10.5 92.6 1988 22,164 1.68 37,333 4,545 3,592 35,444 12.6 105.3 1989 22,093 1.57 34,631 1,859 4,412 37,366 11.4 92.7 1990 21,945 1.65 36,206 1,172 4,796 41,495 6.3 87.2 1991 22,619 1.24 28,028 69 10,369 38,473 6.4 72.8 1992 23,380 1.68 39,209 1,356 5,348 40,904 11.7 95.9 1993 23,753 1.77 42,003 5,475 6,533 42,993 11.2 97.7 1994 23,624 1.49 35,213 610 6,658 43,866 5.1 80.3 1995 24,790 1.78 44,153 3,408 4,577 44,412 7.1 99.4 1996 25,224 1.66 41,839 1,730 7,430 46,390 9.2 90.2 1997 24,243 1.59 38,642 1,510 6,910 45,873 5.4 84.2 1998 24,643 1.62 39,882 754 7,750 46,012 7.2 86.7 1999 24,893 1.74 43,284 1,667 8,140 48,335 9.8 89.5 2000 23,335 1.6 37,248 1,400 10,324 47,658 6.8 78.2 2001 24,295 1.65 40,200 1,500 10,290 49,385 5.8 81.4
표 9 세계 옥수수 통계(오세아니아)
연도 생산면적 단수 생산량 수출량 수입량 소비량 재고율 자급률
(천ha) (톤/ha) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (천톤) (%) (%)
1961 88 2.27 200 10 0 185 21.6 108.1
1962 88 2.32 204 0 0 204 19.6 100
1963 91 2.09 190 1 2 196 17.9 96.9
1964 90 2.21 199 0 3 202 17.3 98.5
1965 83 1.74 144 2 1 158 12.7 91.1
1966 85 2.45 208 3 6 191 20.9 108.9
1967 87 2.49 217 0 3 220 18.2 98.6
1968 73 2.74 200 1 3 207 16.9 96.6
1969 88 2.85 251 22 0 219 20.6 114.6
1970 98 3.19 313 41 2 269 18.6 116.4
1971 93 3.55 330 9 1 337 10.4 97.9
1972 72 3.57 257 3 1 272 6.6 94.5
1973 64 3.69 236 1 1 246 3.2 95.9
1974 72 4.04 291 38 1 238 10.1 122.3
1975 73 4.32 315 34 2 299 2.7 105.3
1976 82 4.32 354 57 2 282 8.9 125.5
1977 70 4.36 305 38 2 266 10.5 114.7
1978 72 4.83 348 66 4 240 30.8 145
1979 73 4.2 307 56 3 257 27.6 119.5
1980 74 4.39 325 34 7 290 27.2 112.1
1981 80 4.78 382 30 18 377 19.1 101.3
1982 71 3.97 282 55 12 285 9.1 99
1983 90 4.86 437 101 12 305 22.6 143.3
1984 120 3.71 445 126 11 358 11.4 124.3
1985 97 4.49 436 106 10 373 2.1 116.9
1986 85 4.85 412 55 12 335 12.5 123
1987 79 5.27 416 52 20 399 6.8 104.3
1988 73 5.36 391 20 28 387 10.1 101
1989 67 5.46 366 36 28 378 5 96.8
1990 70 5.24 367 20 22 369 5.2 99.5
1991 71 6.52 463 17 4 453 3.5 102.2
1992 66 5.68 375 30 23 367 4.6 102.2
1993 62 6.76 419 23 30 426 4 98.4
1994 68 5.91 402 9 100 495 3 81.2
1995 74 6.36 471 11 15 470 4.3 100.2
1996 82 6.62 543 20 6 529 3.8 102.7
1997 72 5.79 417 22 1 405 2.7 103
1998 79 6.11 483 39 13 457 2.4 105.7
1999 76 6.71 510 20 16 505 2.4 101
2000 90 5.56 500 79 14 435 2.8 114.9
2001 105 5.76 605 110 15 510.2 2.4 118.6
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