Study on the Long-Term Change of Water Quality of the Kumho River (II) (II)
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(3) (2000. 8. 22 ) †. Study on the Long-Term Change of Water Quality of the Kumho River (II) Zun-Ung Bae*, Sang-Hak Lee, and Sung-Ho Lee† Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, Korea † Department of Food Science, College of Keimyung, Taegu 705-037, Korea (Received August 22, 2000). . ! "#$ %& 1993' 9()* 1999' 8(+, '- 18./ 01 132 ,3/4 pH, BOD, COD, DO, SS, 5$566, 7,8, ABS9 :; < = 92 >? @ABC. 6'- DEF GHI J K! L 3'- M 1993. 9()* 1996. 8(+, (N Part I $- ! “2O P”Q RC)9 1996. 9()* 1999' 8(+,(N Part II $- ! “3O P”Q RC) D! SG B T, CU VF WX YZC. 5 "#,3/ R L >? “2O P” 9 “3O P” L 3'- [\EF LL CU VC. pH] 7.9, 8.0; BOD] 4.88 ppm, 2.86 ppm; COD] 9.66 ppm, 7.40 ppm; DO] 9.0 ppm, 8.94 ppm; SS] 6.9 ppm, 6.0 ppm; 5$566] 618.0 µmho/cm, 541.0 µmho/cm; 7,8] 2.63 ppm, 5.43 ppm; ABS] 3.57 ppm, 0.94 ppm; PhenolF 0.98 ppm 0.01 ppmNZC. "# $- ^_ “2O P” [\E $` ! “3O P” W/4 a b ] CU VcC. BOD, COD, SS, 5$566, ABS9 :;F LL 1/1.71, 1/1.31, 1/4.15, 1/3.80 1/98 ! deB T, f, pH9 DO] g b I hZC. ijk 7,8] 2.06l mIn oBC. 6. ABSTRACT. In order to study the long-term change of water quality, water analysis for 9 items was conducted at 13 sites surrounding the Kumho river system for 18 times from September 1993 to August 1999. Analytical items for the study of water quality are as follows; water temperature, pH, BOD, COD, DO, SS, electrical conductivity, oil and grease, ABS and phenol. The six year term was divided into Part I(second study) and Part II(third study), which covers the term from September 1993 to August 1996 and the term from September 1996 to August 1999, respectively. The mean values obtained for three years for water temperature, pH, BOD, COD, DO, SS, electrical conductivity, oil and grease, ABS and phenol for the Part I period showed 18.4 oC, 7.9, 4.88 ppm, 9.66 ppm, 9.0 ppm, 618.0 µmho/cm, 6.9 ppm, 2.63 ppm, 3.57 ppm and 0.98 ppm, respectively. The mean values obtained for water temperature, pH, BOD, COD, DO, SS, electrical conductivity, oil and grease, ABS and phenol for the Part II period showed 18.0 oC, 8.0, 2.86 ppm, 7.40 ppm, 8.94 ppm, 541.0 µmho/cm, 6.0 ppm, 5.43 ppm, 0.94 ppm and 0.01 ppm respectively. The values of BOD, COD, SS, electrical conductivity, ABS and phenol in the second period were found to be decreased by 1/1.71, 1/1.31, 1/4.15, 1/3.80 and 1/98, respectively. The values of water temperature, pH and DO were nearly constant. However, the concentrations of oil and grease were found to be increased about 2.06 times in the second period.. 14.
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(5) (II). F p6 qrs tuv/4 wxy q z, {z | _} 32 s ,k P~z R ! j ] ! 7! u 118.4 Km9 7v 2,053.3 Km ! ,8 ^ i I 2! C. N ,/ L , , | n ] $NT, R /6 F q C. ijk u/ R {w5 _P ¡^ / ¢ o5 £\¤ ! 8 F 6z9 u¥! ¦6! §¨ i 6I 5© ¨ª ,oC «LR ,/ N¬ §ZC. NjR ¦6 _ R A) ®©F 7 }x ! &W¯ °p ± w ²R ³ T, F ´µ $¶N C. ,+, [I/ R P] ° N ·¸ ³ C. ¹q <F . N / ] q "#ºoR ³ C. »¼½ F 7 , ¾¿ | À ^ Áa/ R "#ºon R ³ T, NA <6 p  Ã, ¾¿ | ÄÅ ^ ^ Áa "#ºoR ³ C. R , NÆÇ | NÈÉ F 7 ¢ x Ê, uË5Ì iÍ 7 ¢o5 Î/ y "#ºoR ³ C. ¹q <F '/ 0Ï Ð Ñy ÒÍ/ ÓÔR Õ z$6 BC. NÖÒ <F ¢ × b ÒÍ / R on BC. R l`Ø <F 1990' 9 ()* 1993' 8(+, 3'- b / ÒR P(N “1O P”Q RC)n R ³ C. ijk N PF Ù$- "#/ i C. _ ÚÛ/ R "#] yj I, ¢_ / y ÜÝ 7 _ ENK! oC ÞN ] AßR "#] u$ N _ "#N¨à RC. Q4 á P/4] “1O P”/ y 1993 ' 9()* 1999' 8(+, 6' â u$ _ "# n BC. "#,3 !] , á8n HÁy “1O P” W/4 ãäR ÊN h] q, 9 { 3,3 åR 13,3/4 æzBC. " #>? !4 pH, BOD, COD, DO, SS, 5$566 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 2001, Vol. 45, No. 1. 15. _ rç>? 7,8, S, :; $è Å NC..
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(7) á8 = 7! uF 118.4 km!4 F ,8n HÁ C. ijK! p8/4 8/ 01 L ,8 Ê | á8 / ] ,8 q Aßé ÐÑ x 8k Ê Aß é $ %&4] ê % ëAN ^ÔC. iË4 á P/4] ,8I ] ,3/4] 8 5 á8 ,3 ÅN ìGé í ¸ î á8 ,3 | ,8 ,3 LL ëAB T ,8I h] Ý/ 4ï5 km ðÍn ñ LL ê ,3 ëA ] ÚÛ òBC. Np xó ! ëAR ê ,3 ] = 132e!4 Fig. 1/ kèôZC.
(8) zD] õF { ! ö S÷R 10 LN øÍ/ ùú$9 7Í$n #y êûBC. zD ê] $n L ,3 zD! yj ö S÷ R î/ AzüÛ ê$`/ Q «N Iu ýF v,3 N ,3 ^« ! þÝ vÿ 2 <GR L ,3 v !)* « N 2 m r ] «N 1/3§] ,3/4 ê BC. êR zD] b n Ú,$ %y AzüÛ zD 5Í ÚÛ/ Q COD @A zD] zD 1 L® HgCl 20ï40 mg I BC. á P/4 A ,²I §] @A >? !] pH, COD, BOD, DO, SS, 5$566 < rç>? 7,8, S(ABS), :; $è ÅNC. zD A$ %R L @A>? GÚ ÛF CU VC. L ,3 "#] u"#9 æüæ G ! k¨ ·BC. u"# >? ! pH] Fisher Scientific#(Springfield, USA) model Accumet 10_ pH metern #B T, 5$566 9 fF Orion#(Boston, USA) model 140, Conductivity/Temperature/Salinity meter9 AR f6. n #B T, DO] Orion# model 820 DO 10. 2.
(9) . 16. Fig. 1. Location of the sampling site in the Kumho river. 1. Danpo bridge, 2. Seosan bridge, 3. Youngcheon rail bridge, 4. Entrance of Taegu Univ, 5. Chungcheon resort, 6. Seongdong bridge, 7. Dongchon, 8. Bullo-dong, 9. Mutae, 10. Mutae bridge, 11. Maecheon bridge, 12. Paldal bridge, 13. Gangchang bridge.. n Ny u/4 @AR E Winkler azideÛ ! oABC. COD, BOD, SS, 7,8, S(ABS), :; < G>?F ¢ Azü Û )G ! © AOAC ²`Û < N y CU VN PBC. SS] 7Í 7 y,(GF/ C)n Ny ÀG ! AaB T, 7,8] pH 4N {/4 ´ {
(10) / &§] Å ´ { ! R î/ ´ { mwz 8 meter. 10. 11. Å À!)* PB T, S(ABS)] ùú Ý9 çz ¸ n !! ! y !!
(11) ~6n 650 nm/4 @ Ay PB T, :;F m8R zD/ - Ã ì! "¨ pH 10 ! "×R CU 4 ´â#$% :Ízâ&' "¨ ¸ â#$% e ~6n 510 nm/4 @Ay A aBC. ~6 @A/ NR G~~6 ] Jasco Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
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(13) (II). #(Tokyo, Japan) model V-550 #BC.. 17. ,/ Q 7.0(site 6)/4 8.5(site 4) GHn o BC. N @AF [\E ! 1 , ÝÍ kQ L 6( ¢$` / ¬v, ñ p x 1/ &®] pH 6.5ï8.5 E 2RC. ijk È- _ @AE !4 px 1 $` 3¨4 Ý6 234. @A ^ 64.! kè5C. pH I 9.5n 6R ÝI 8., pH 5.5 N_ Ý6 2.I ZC] 3 -&4] â§7C. "#,3( px 1 $` 3¨4 8] 9e 1.(site 13)/4 9 10.(site 10) GHn oBC. iÍ “1O P”9 °R ² _ Ê/ !] site 7/4 0./4 8.! site 8/4 1./4 6.! site 10/4 3./4 10.! site 12/4 0./4 4.! mI§Z T site 9/4] 7./4 4.! deBC. N] zô ^« :] ,/4] È- _ pH @A E/ R N “1O P”oC ;, <R WNT,. . 12. u$ _ ÐÑ$ %R 6' ,3( @A Wn YZC. N W] 1993' 9(/4 1999' 8(+, = 18. @AR DNT, Ü' 9(/4 N)& 8(+, *, y+, I | ,¶ / 01 @AB T, L ,3 {-[\n O( ! Table 1ï6/ kèôZC. u$-/ 01 .$ ! yj @A¸ D Ny, L >?/ R ,3(, ×(, '6( ON | bA < >?(! ² _ Ê/ 0BC. pH. 5 "#$- â ,3( O( pH [\E ov, 6'-/ 01 i EN Table 1. Water quality of Kum-ho River (1993. 9-1994. 8)*. Site Item pH BOD COD DO SS Conductivity Oil & Grease ABS Phenol. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 7.60 8.10 8.50 9.00 8.50 7.30 8.50 8.20 8.50 8.70 7.20 7.70 7.50 0.86 1.27 1.76 3.11 2.46 6.94 5.10 4.14 1.92 4.56 21.93 6.50 12.77 2.29 4.32 4.44 7.10 6.45 20.06 10.96 8.46 4.36 10.77 24.72 10.67 22.42 10.80 12.50 11.20 14.50 10.30 6.80 11.50 11.10 13.10 12.60 4.30 7.30 4.10 0.74 1.86 2.49 3.70 4.47 4.44 5.43 4.46 3.26 20.03 7.23 8.64 8.60 176.88 317.75 264.10 475.75 366.75 1643.75 737.00 294.75 290.00 598.25 734.50 671.75 1180.50 4.36 3.52 12.58 4.03 2.86 3.32 1.92 1.39 2.37 1.96 2.07 7.49 9.41 0.57 0.35 0.48 0.38 0.48 0.76 0.87 0.47 0.51 0.33 0.57 0.68 0.69 0.43 0.47 0.81 0.59 8.48 1.35 0.81 0.58 0.54 1.94 1.94 1.00 2.54. *Above data are the mean value of four times of measurements, that is SEP and DEC of 1993 and APR and AUG of 1994. All Unit is ppm except pH Table 2. Water quality of Kum-ho River (1994. 9-1995. 8)*. Site Item. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 8.60 8.10 8.00 8.70 8.80 7.40 8.50 7.90 8.00 8.40 7.30 7.30 7.40 pH BOD 1.14 1.44 1.44 2.48 4.89 4.76 5.15 1.85 1.42 5.84 9.73 6.72 5.67 COD 2.73 4.40 4.71 6.94 8.27 19.30 14.38 5.92 4.28 14.56 20.20 11.73 16.53 DO 7.70 10.2 8.60 11.60 11.40 5.50 7.20 10.30 9.20 10.00 2.30 5.50 4.50 SS 4.18 5.65 1.27 3.67 8.21 12.10 11.71 4.97 13.62 15.37 25.21 8.27 21.10 Conductivity 351.33 431.67 406.67 501.00 540.00 1329.33 806.67 447.33 484.00 803.00 759.33 760.33 1261.67 Oil & Grease 1.54 0.00 0.84 1.00 0.02 2.42 2.22 0.71 0.67 0.71 0.89 0.78 1.65 ABS 0.21 0.10 0.29 0.40 0.89 14.21 5.51 0.49 0.34 4.40 4.60 6.31 4.09 Phenol 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.11 8.83 0.32 0.12 0.09 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.34 *Above data are the mean value of three times of measurements, that is DEC of 1994 and MAY and AUG of 1995. All Unit is ppm except pH 2001, Vol. 45, No. 1.
(14) . 18. Table 3. Water quality of Kum-ho River (1995. 9-1996. 8)*. Site Item. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. pH 7.4 7.3 7.6 8.3 7.5 6.8 7.7 7.1 8.5 6.9 BOD 0.79 1.48 1.24 2.08 1.80 3.65 4.66 2.02 0.88 5.38 COD 2.67 3.82 3.69 6.95 6.54 8.58 8.83 4.62 31.7 9.95 DO 10.1 9.4 9.5 10.9 9.4 5.6 9.3 9.2 9.3 10.3 SS 0.40 3.10 1.60 2.80 3.15 7.10 3.90 0.75 2.30 4.35 Conductivity 369.00 443.50 392.50 509.50 234.00 839.50 733.00 383.00 337.00 700.00 Oil & Grease 0.37 1.00 0.14 0.43 0.07 0.23 0.50 0.87 4.33 0.94 ABS 4.10 4.08 5.06 2.54 6.31 6.46 9.53 1.62 0.82 13.80 Phenol 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01. 11. 12. 13. 7.4 7.1 7.3 7.30 7.82 6.94 10.96 9.70 11.00 6.6 7.2 6.3 10.55 5.85 6.35 664.50 671.50 1087.00 1.00 6.20 2.90 25.86 20.40 17.74 0.01 0.02 0.02. *Above data are the mean value of two times of measurements, that is JAN and JUL of 1996 All Unit is ppm except pH Table 4. Water quality of Kum-ho River (1996. 9-1997. 8)*. Site Item. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. pH 8.30 7.40 8.50 8.10 8.30 6.60 7.70 7.20 7.60 8.80 7.10 7.90 7.70 BOD 2.17 1.96 1.94 4.22 3.54 8.17 3.76 3.80 1.84 5.94 24.56 7.45 8.16 COD 4.34 4.45 4.07 6.37 6.34 14.53 8.68 7.13 2.83 8.45 16.54 10.61 13.95 DO 11.10 10.40 10.30 12.70 10.40 5.40 9.30 8.90 10.90 12.60 2.60 9.20 8.80 SS 0.33 0.80 0.93 2.60 1.53 4.17 5.73 0.70 1.30 5.17 40.97 6.20 9.77 Conductivity 307.33 439.00 352.00 500.67 535.00 1088.67 755.00 427.00 416.33 682.67 752.33 700.33 1281.67 Oil & Grease 0.22 0.89 1.42 0.35 2.01 3.15 1.11 4.13 1.33 7.48 10.28 6.24 8.52 ABS 0.59 0.63 1.54 2.24 2.44 1.37 1.74 1.08 0.44 0.99 7.93 3.44 2.75 Phenol 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 *Above data are the mean value of two times of measurements, that is JAN and JUL of 1997 All Unit is ppm except pH Table 5. Water quality of Kum-ho River (1997. 9-1998. 8)*. Site Item. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. pH 7.80 7.50 8.30 8.20 7.50 6.80 7.70 8.00 7.40 7.80 7.60 7.30 7.20 BOD 0.71 1.24 1.34 2.06 1.37 5.31 3.69 2.11 1.65 2.40 7.34 3.65 4.79 COD 3.13 4.30 4.37 5.49 5.43 11.02 7.71 5.43 3.11 6.73 10.91 7.57 10.25 DO 9.20 8.90 8.40 9.40 7.00 5.00 8.60 9.40 7.90 7.80 6.70 6.00 6.30 SS 0.68 1.45 1.65 4.37 2.35 6.90 6.07 1.80 2.55 8.85 8.05 6.89 11.45 Conductivity 244.33 318.33 274.33 379.00 394.67 739.33 502.00 342.00 302.00 473.67 474.33 513.67 843.33 Oil & Grease 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.47 1.64 1.70 0.00 ABS 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.11 0.08 Phenol 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 *Above data are the mean value of two times of measurements, that is JAN and JUL of 1998 All Unit is ppm except pH. ¥ Íz=N ] 8q/4] N p§ZU > ZC. BOD COD. BOD] COD9 Á? 7. $Å / R ,²! @Í N§ C. 6( ¢$` / ¬v, px 1F BOD 9 COD ñ 1 ppm Nyà T, px 2F 12. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
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(16) (II). 19. Table 6. Water quality of Kum-ho River (1998. 9-1999. 8)*. Site Item pH BOD COD DO SS Conductivity Oil & Grease ABS Phenol. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 8.20 8.30 9.50 8.70 8.40 6.80 8.70 8.90 7.90 9.40 8.30 8.90 8.60 0.53 0.85 1.17 1.56 1.25 6.85 4.39 2.62 1.39 3.29 5.10 3.37 4.34 2.81 4.01 4.26 5.76 5.66 13.93 10.91 6.12 2.95 8.24 11.42 7.97 10.73 11.30 12.30 10.50 9.80 8.50 6.50 9.60 9.10 9.00 10.20 10.10 9.40 9.20 1.23 2.75 3.63 1.88 6.25 9.73 9.58 7.04 6.33 6.27 5.54 24.09 11.75 169.20 373.00 238.50 431.00 454.00 1092.00 678.50 296.00 349.50 567.00 678.50 598.00 1149.00 0.00 0.00 12.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.77 14.54 106.70 28.97 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.42 0.14 0.04 0.06 0.42 0.06 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02. *Above data are the mean value of two times of measurements, that is JAN and JUL of 1999 All Unit is ppm except pH. N, px 3F 6 ppm NNC. iÍ ] 8 ppm NN, ÊÍ î/ #¯ ] ¢$`F 10 ppm NNC. 6'- D/4 PR GH([\E)n p8, ^8, 8 q ! (y ABov, BOD Ý] p8_ site 1(ÙH)/4 0.30ï2.60(0.97 ppm)NT, P~z! 7C)G_ site 7(D)/4 1.05ï8.33 (4.52 ppm), 8_ site 13(E)/4 3.03ï17.76 (7.39 ppm)NZC. RF COD Ý6 °GR oB T, i EF LL 1.74ï5.90(2.97 ppm), 5.94ï 18.65(10.36 ppm) | 8.27ï26.07(14.78 ppm)NZC. N9 VN p8/4 8! ôHIv4 N kI, U > ZC. 9} D_ 1999' ,( [\ BOD ¢ $`n Jy ¾& ov 5 132 ,3 ^ site 1, 2 22 ,3F BOD EN 1 ppm N! p x 1 / &®T, site 3, 4, 8, 9 42 ,3F 2 iÍ 89 ,8,3_ site 10, 11, 12, 13 42 ,3F 3 iÍ site 6 1 2 ,3F BOD 6.86 KF E oBC. ijk COD ¢$`n Jy ¾& ov 5 132 ,3 ^ site 1, 9 22 ,3F px 2/ &®T, site 2, 3, 4, 5 42 ,3F 3 i Í kL, 62 ,3F COD 8 ppmNp E o NT site 6, 7, 11, 13 42 ,3F 10 ppm Np KF E oBC. 6( ,3( BOD9 COD E u$ _ b Nn kèM Fig. 29 Fig. 3 ov site 6(N) 3 ppm. 2001, Vol. 45, No. 1. Fig. 2. Change of BOD in the Kumho river by the year from 1994 to 1999. Site 2, 6, 9, 11 are branch streams.. Fig. 3. Change of COD in theKumho river by the year from 1994 to 1999. Site 2, 6, 9, 11 are branch streams.. site 11(O ) BOD9 COD EN C ,3o C p®é K T, N9 VF W] “1O P”9 rR P > C. N ñ ,8/ R á8 ^ BOD/ ] q 6'- [ \n J& ov, NN 7C§$ 5_ site 5/4 2.53 ppmNk NN 7C¸ î á8_ site 7/4 4.52 ppm ! Q 1.8l! 6I mI§ZC..
(17) . 20. “1O P”9 °R ² _ Ê/ !] N «R ,_ site 6 site 11/4 3'- BOD [ \EN LL 56.20 ppm 42.33 ppm/4 1999' [ \E 6.85 ppm 5.10 ppm ! 1/8.2 1/8.3 ÿ _ den oB T, COD [\E6 LL 82.54 ppm 44.58 ppm/4 1999' [\E 13.93 ppm 11.42 ppm ! 1/5.9 1/3.9 g den oBC. iÍ ! 7C§$ R5 8_ site 13( E)/4 “1O P”W_ 3'- BOD9 COD [\EN LL 16.12 ppm 25.02 ppm/4 1999' [\E 4.34 ppm 10.73 ppm ! Q 1/3.7 1/2.33 ! deBC. N9 VF F ¢) 1999' D 9 ö rRC. 5,3/ R “1O P”, “2O P”9 “3O P” L 3'- D GH([\E)] BOD Ý] LL 0.25ï174.0(12.72 ppm), 0.30ï47.3(4.88 ppm) 0.34ï11.22(2.86 ppm)N COD Ý] 0.53ï247.0 (17.78 ppm), 1.44ï43.7(9.66 ppm) 1.52ï27.30(7.40 ppm) ! g den oBC. N9 VF SR d en o_ .Ôx_ !] 2ë %R ¡ ^T W! L¸C. '87' 7( ½4 . Íz=(z=a: 250,000 m /r) I !)* '93 ' Nî/] ½4 Íz= m= (150,000 m /r), Íz= =(350,000 m / r) U£¨ p8,_ q Íz= (25,000 m /r)N áV I§ZC. Nî . Íz= m=('98. 5(, 330,000 m /r) ) . Íz= =('97. 12(, 170,000 m /r)! ÍWµN UX ßì¸ YI g Z ! Ù¸C. i jk BODE de/ °& p ! [F COD ðY\
(18) 3 BOD E ! 2 / , <] ,3 / R _ de ´µN ÓÔR Z ! Ù¸C. iÍ, N «R Z ! >H, ] q{ °v CU VC. q{F p8/ ~.~ z9 ^8/ k.z < e6zI % ¨ N «R Z ! >H] C. q{ 8_ q {/4 1997' 7()* 1998' 6(+, "#¸ E N BOD9 COD Ý LL 0.8ï6.4 ppm 4.6ï9.0 ppm GHn oR E °¯ , °GR $-/ "#¸ 5 ,3/4 EF LL 0.71ï7.34 ppm 3.13ï11.02 ppm ! 9eEF °Gk, 9 13. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 14. Fig. 4. Seasonal distribution of BOD in the Kumho river by sampling site. Data are the mean value of 18 times of measurements from 1994 to 1999. Site 2, 6, 9, 11 are branch streams.. EF KU > ZC. NjR W] R6 7$Å N ⫯ `N ^ oy` ZN, y dz T&à ¯ #>P & `C. DO. DO] ^/ _ ] {e ¿ kè ô] N, / R - _ ,² ! N` C. 6'- GH([\E)n ov p8 ,_ site 1/4 4.4ï16.9(10.1 ppm)NT Iu 8 ,3_ site 13/4] 1.3ï11.3(6.4 ppm)N p ! N «R ,_ site 6 site 11/4] L L 4.0ï10.5(5.8 ppm) 0.5ï12.6(5.3 ppm)NZC. “1O P”9 °R ² _ Ê/ !] N «R ,_ site 6 site 11 iÍ 8,3_ site 13/4 3'- DO [\EN LL 3.0 ppm, 3.8 ppm iÍ 3.6 ppm/4 1999' [\E 6.5 ppm, 10.1 ppm iÍ 9.2 ppm ! Q 2.2l, 2.7l iÍ 2.6l mIn oBC. 5,3/ R “1O P”, “2O P”9 “3O P” L 3'- D GH([\E)] LL 0.20ï 15.00(7.12 ppm), 0.5ï19.2(9.0 ppm) 1.0ï14.4(8.94 ppm) ! mI§ZC. "# ,3 O( b ] 5 ç !] &I ða`b 3c ! DO EN K , C. NjR W] d BOD9 COD E b S9 rRC. iÍ, N «R Z ! >H, ] q{/ 4 1997' 7()* 1998' 6(+, "#¸ EN 4.0 ï13.5 ppm GHn oR E °¯ , °G R $-/ "#¸ 5 ,3/4 EF LL 6.0ï9.4 ppm ! 9eEF K k, 9 EF [U > ZC. 14. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
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(20) (II). ] ^/ ef] )7Å ¿ kè ô] !4, 6( ¢$`/ v, p x 1, 2, 3 ñ 25 ppm N! A§¨ C. 6'- GH([\E)n ov p8,_ site 1 /4 0.20ï9.75(1.28 ppm)NT Iu 8,3_ site 13/4] 3.24ï29.20(11.62 ppm)N p ! N «R ,_ site 6 site 11/4] LL 1.60ï16.10 (7.11 ppm) 2.10ï110.10(16.69 ppm)NZC. 6( ,3( SS E u$ _ b Nn ov site 6 site 11N 8,3/4 p ! KF E oBC. R 6( SS [\E ov, site 11/4 1995' 1997' 2. 25 ppm Np $bR Z å] 5 "#,3/4 25 ppm N E kèôZC. N9 VF W] px 1, 2, 3 ñ 25 ppm N! A¸ "g 2 U > C. 5,3/ R “1O P”, “2O P”9 “3O P” L 3'- D GH([\E)] LL 0.00ï 273.0(13.85 ppm), 0.2ï51.5(6.9 ppm) 0.21ï11.1(6.0 ppm) ! [\E ! 1 g den oBC. iÍ "# ,3 O( b ] 5ç !] &I ða` b 3c ! SS EN [ , U > C. NjR W] 5ç _ BOD9 COD de b S9 ö r] WNC. . 5$56] Å ^/ HÁ¸ 5& = a kèô] ,²NC. 6'- GH([\E)n ov N F p8, site 1/4] 107ï422(264 µmho/cm)NT Iu 8,3_ site 13/4] 384ï 1,638(1,138 µmho/cm)N p ! N «R , _ site 6 site 11/4] LL 354ï1,927(1,171 µmho/cm) 338ï943(681 µmho/cm)NZC. ,3(! ov site 6(N) site 11(O )N 8,3/4 p ! KF E oBC. R L ,3/ R O( 566 E bF 5ç _ !] Q den oBC. R 5,3/ R “1O P”, “2O P”9 “3 O P” L 3'- D GH([\E)] LL 104.0ï2,400(512.15 µmho/cm), 107.1ï1,927.0(618.0 µmho/cm) 159.5ï1,608.0(541.0 µmho/cm) ! 1, 2, 3O P$-/ 9E ! 1 ] LL 2,400 µmho/ cm, 1,927.0 µmho/cm 1,608.0 µmho/cm!4 de k, [\E ! 1 ] LL 512.15 µmho/cm, 618.0. 21. SS. SS. 2001, Vol. 45, No. 1. Fig. 5. Seasonal distribution of COD in the Kumho river by sampling site. Data are the mean value of 18 times of measurements from 1994 to 1999. Site 2, 6, 9, 11 are branch streams.. 541.0 µmho/cm!4 mI§ZCI Cz de] oBC. .
(21) (Oil and Grease) (ABS). 7,89 S] v/ h ¤y {e 7C OÙK! Ñ zC. 6'- L ,3 7 ,89 ABS GH([\E)n ov site 1/4 LL NDï8.00(1.57 ppm) NDï6.76(0.71 ppm)NT, Iu 8,3_ site 13/4 0.00ï57.93(8.24 ppm) ND ï33.87(4.39 ppm)NZC. 7,89 ABS Ý, Iu «R ,3 GH([\E)] LL site 12 ,3 0.00ï213.4(17.51 ppm) site 11 ,3 0.01ï48.85 (5.89 ppm)NZC. R 6( ,3(, 7,8 E u$ _ b Nn ov Iu «R o_ site 12 Ý '94'/4 '99'+, 7,8 ppm [\ EN 7.49, 0.78, 6.20, 6.24, 1.70 106.7!4 &I ,N/ Q de9 mIn ç T UPk 1999'/] 106.7 ppm ! ÜÝ KF E oN ] < ÜÝ g GHn oN C. iÍ 7,8 A6] , z$/ pÒhN £ó GH §Z T, NjR W] xN 3xN ÃQ °3xP @¯ C. RF ABS Ý6 rR oBC. 5,3/ R “1O P”, “2O P”9 “3O P” L 3'- D GH([\E)n ABov, 7, 8 Ý] LL NDï77.50(2.32 ppm), NDï47.3 (2.63 ppm) NDï213.4(5.43 ppm) iÍ ABS] NDï480.0(17.59 ppm), NDï48.85(3.57 ppm) ND ï21.84(0.94 ppm) E ! 7,8] &I ,N/ Q N « ¸ Z > C. N9 VF x_ ! µmho/cm.
(22) 22. . ] r) ,3/4 KF °3x
(23) ! y,cC. 7,8 mIaF “1O P" [\ E $` ! y “2O P”9 “3O P” $-/ LL 1.13l9 2.34l mIn oBC. ijk ABS] &I ,N/ Q N deÁ > C. de x_ !] ¢Å_ ABS #a de
(24) ! A§T, dea ABov “1O P” [\E $` ! y “2O P”9 “3O P” $-/ LL 1/4.93 1/18.7! g den oBC. R p ! N «R ,3_ site 6, site 11 8,3_ site 13/4 “1O P” 3'- [ \EN LL 61.00 ppm, 61.09 ppm 13.37 ppm/4 1999' [\E 0.05 ppm, 0.42 ppm 0.09 ppm ! 1/1,220, 1/145.5 1/148.6! deÁ > ZC. . :;8] aN UQ6 AA/4 ei ! #R e9 çy !!:; y R Ñûn wK!
(25) I ` C. }'/ :;#g ! g Ðj r k$6 BC. "#$-_ 6'- :;a GH([\E)n ov p8,3_ site 1/4] 0.01ï0.67(0.12 ppm), Iu 8,3_ site 13/4] 0.01ï4.76(0.66 ppm)N p ! N Iu «R site 5/4 0.01ï10.00 (3.56 ppm)NZC. 6( ,3( :; E u$ _ b Nn ov site 5/4 1994' 1995'/ LL 8.48 ppm 8.83 ppm KF 6n oB k, 1996' Nî!] 0.01 ppm ! N #Ql ! o °3 ! L¸C. R 5 ,3/4 1997 ' Nî] ND ] 0.04 ppm N [F E k èm > ZC. iÍ 5,3/ R “1O P”, “2O P”9 “3O P” L 3'- D G H([\E)] LL NDï9.20(0.69 ppm), 0.01ï10.0 (0.98 ppm) NDï0.09(0.01 ppm) ! 1, 2, 3O P$-/ [\E ! 1 ] LL 0.69 ppm, 0.98 ppm 0.01 ppm ! mI§ZCI Cz de] oBC. R “1O P”9 °R ² _ Ê / !] p ! N «R ,_ site 6, site 11 8,3_ site 13/4 3'- “1O P” :; [\EN LL 0.24 ppm, 0.26 ppm 0.20 ppm/ 4 1999' [\E 0.04 ppm, 0.01 ppm 0.02 ppm ! 1/6, 1/26 iÍ 1/10! ÿ _ den oBC. !. Fig. 6. Seasonal distribution of Oil and Grease in the Kumho river by sampling site. Data are the mean value of 18 times of measurements from 1994 to 1999. Site 2, 6, 9, 11 are branch streams.. ×( Ê/ ABo$ %& ' 9()* 1999' 8(+,= 18. @AR D n ×(! {- [\y Fig. 4(BOD), Fig. 5(COD) iÍ Fig. 6(Oil and Grease)/ kèôZC. iÍ 9}_ 1999'/ A6I R >? åR ² _ >?/ R W] CU VC. BOD. ×( Ê/F Fig. 4/4 o] ³9 VN ° N ÄC L§] p8,3(site 1ïsite 3) site 9/4] ×( BOD bÿN ÄcC. ijk N p ! «R site 6 8,3(site 11ï site 13)/4] ×( b ÿN nC. iÍ 4 × ^/4 ,¶Æ/ KF 6n oB(132 ,3 ^ 92 ,3/4 9E), y+Æ/] [F E oBC (132 ,3 ^ 112 ,3/4 9SE). RF Fig. 5/ kèM COD ×( Ê/ ov, ,3( 5 _ 6 p8 bÿN Ä 8/4 ] bÿN g ZF COD Ý9 °GBC. 4 × ^/4 N ,¶ */ Kc(132 ,3 ^ LL 52 ,3/4 9E), I /] [F E oBC(132 ,3 ^ 92 ,3/4 9SE). BOD9 COD 9SE o_ ×N LL y+ I _ Z F 7, 8( Ý$ Nî/ 7, aN C. ×/ °& c W9 f6p¼/ R AÄ ! L§T, 9E o_ ×N ,¶/4 *_ ZF y+Æ/ °& 7, aN F x_ ! L ¸C. DO9 5$566 Ý] 4 × ^/4 ,¶Æ/ KF E oB(132 ,3 ^ LL 102 ,3/4 9E), y+/] [F E oBC(132 ,3 ^ L L 1229 62 ,3/4 9SE). N9 VF x_ ! 1993. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
(26)
(27) (II). ] DO Ý] $fN [F ,¶Æ/ {e & 6I mI, $fN [F y+Æ/ {e &6I [ ,] x_o ÃQ {e e°çN p,] x_ ! L§T, 5$566 Ý] Å ^/ HÁ¸ 5& a kèô] E !4 5ç ! ,¶Æ / N « § y+Æ I Æ/ N [ , ] p Ò¸ Z ! L¸C. 7,8 ×( Ê/F Fig. 6/ kèM ³9 VN 4 × ^/4 I Æ/ KF E oB(132 ,3 ^ 72 ,3/4 9E), y+Æ/] [F E oB C(132 ,3 ^ 92 ,3/4 9SE). :; Ý 6 7,89 rR p ! I Æ/ KF E o B(132 ,3 ^ 72 ,3/4 9E), y+Æ/] [F E oBC(132 ,3 ^ 122 ,3/4 9S E). ijk 7,8 Ý Fig. 6/4 o] ³9 VN ° N «R site 3 site 12/4] 4 × ^ /4 ,¶Æ/ Iu KF 6n oB k, site 11 site 13/4] I Æ/ Iu KF 6n oBC. N 9 VF p ! 1 / , z$/ pÒhN £ ó N ef] °3x ! L¸C. N 9 VF pF :;/46 r kè5C.. ! "# $ %& 1993. 9()* 1999' 8(+, 6'-/ 01 = 92 >? @ABC. 6'- D EF GHI J K! L 3'- M 1993. 9()* 1996. 8(+,(N “2O P”Q RC)9 1996. 9( )* 1999' 8(+,(N “3O P”Q RC) D! SG BC. iÍ 1991. 9()* 1993' 8(+, 3'- “1O P”W9 °y CU VF WX YZC. 1. 5 "#,3/ R L >? “2O P”9 “3 O P” L 3'- D GH([\E)] CU VC. pH] 6.0ï10.2(7.9); 6.1ï9.9(8.0), BOD] 0.30 ï47.3(4.88 ppm); 0.34ï11.22(2.86 ppm), COD] 1.44 ï43.7(9.66 ppm); 1.52ï27.30(7.40 ppm), DO] 0.5 ï19.2(9.0 ppm); 1.0ï14.4(8.94 ppm), SS] 0.2ï51.5 (6.9 ppm); 0.2ï111.1(6.0 ppm)NZC iÍ 5$56 6] 107.1ï1927.0(618.0 µmho/cm); 159.5ï1608.0 (541.0 µmho/cm), 7,8] NDï47.3(2.63 ppm); ND 2001, Vol. 45, No. 1. 23. ï213.4(5.43 ppm), ABS] NDï48.85(3.57 ppm); ND ï21.84(0.94 ppm)N PhenolF 0.01ï10.0(0.98 ppm); NDï0.09(0.01 ppm)NZC. &I ðaq/ Q 7, 8n åR >? F p®R ¿ den o BC. ijk 7,8] “2O P” [\E $` ! “3O P” W/4 2.06l mIn oBC. 2. L ,3/ R Ê/F p8/4 8! ôHrb A6] « § ZC. ijk & I ðaq/ Q )G >? F p®R ¿ den oBC. Êé “1O P”/4 Iu ¦«R o_ site 6(N) site 11(O ) N p _ g den oB T, 5 de/ g ¯ R Z ! Ù¸C. ijk R6 N ñ , 3 6I C ,3oC ÜÝ KF Z ! o , d ! N ñ ,3 6 ÒÍI o 5/ $y¯ Z ! L¸C. N9 VF 2ë W] &®$-/ = IR GsÍz =Nk Í z= < YI g Z ! L¸C. 3. ^Ô >? ×( Ê/ !] COD, BOD < )G >?/4 [pz 7aN F y +/4 I / [F oB 7aN F ,¶ /4 */ KF oBC..
(28) ; : , 1978. 2.
(29) , ! "# $ ;: , 1984. 3. ; #%&'()*, 1986, 5, 30. 4.
(30) + ,-! "., !"#; $% &' ( ): %, 1988; p 29. 5. *+ /0, ! "#; $% &'( ): %, 1988; p 7. 6. ,- &'( 12), !"#; $% &'( ): %, 1988; p 95. 7. ; *+ 34 15! "# $67; ./, 012345: 67, 1989. 8. 89; 8 89&'):; 1996, 1(1), 155. 9. :;<; 6=>; ?@;
(31) +A; 8B #%&')< * 1995, 4(3), 207. 10. /
(32) =>?@; /CD E1998-146F 1..
(33) . 24. 1998. 11. AOAC Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International; AOAC: 1993 1999. 12. ; : 1999.. G / AB &'CDE /. 13. 14.. / &'$F; /: 1997G1999. HIJ; JKL; M,; NO #%&')<*, 1999, 8(6), 691.. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
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