Development of Standard Sizing System and Grading Rule according to Body Types for Manufacturing Clothing of Elderly Women

전체 글

(1)~~Öë²æ *6² *4^, 2004 _\¢^a. J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. Vol. 6, No. 4, pp.475-484(2004). j

(2) 9~ ~*·j *R Ú;ê ~> 5 .O Úêö R \. ;ª Á²_ 1). 1) 2). 2). 8Ò&L ~~N~¦ VFR&ö ª¶RF. Development of Standard Sizing System and Grading Rule according to Body Types for Manufacturing Clothing of Elderly Women 1). Jeong-Yim Lee. 2). and So-Young Joo. 1) Division of Clothing & Textiles, Paichai University, Daejeon, Korea 2) Agency for Technology and Standards, MOCIE, Gwacheon, Korea. 7KH SXUSRVH RI WKLV VWXG\ ZDV WR VXJJHVW WKH VWDQGDUG VL]LQJ V\VWHP DQG JUDGLQJ UXOHV DFFRUGLQJ WR ERG\ W\SHV. RI HOGHUO\ ZRPHQ 7KH GDWD ZHUH WKH DQWKURSRPHWULF PHDVXUHPHQWV RI ZRPHQ DJHG DQG ROGHU PHDVXUHG LQ 7R GHWHUPLQH WKH HIIHFWLYH DQG XVHIXO FORWKLQJ VL]LQJ V\VWHP WKH GLVWULEXWLRQ RI KLS JLUWK DQG EXVW JLUWK RI ERG\ W\SHV ZKLFK ZHUH VXJJHVWHG LQ .6 . ZDV DQDO\]HG DQG WKH VLJQLILFDQW GLIIHUHQFH DPRQJ DGMRLQLQJ KLS JLUWK UDQJHV ZDV DQDO\]HG WRR $QG WKH VL]HV RI PDMRU ERG\ SDUWV WKDW ZHUH XVHG IRU PDQXIDFWXULQJ FORWKLQJ ZHUH PDGH WR KDYH UHJXODU LQWHUYDO EHWZHHQ HDFK FORWKLQJ VL]HV )URP WKLV VWXG\ ZH FHUWLILHG WKDW HDFK GLIIHUHQW VL]LQJ V\VWHP IRU ERG\ W\SHV WR PDQXIDFWXUH PRUH VXLWDEOH FORWKLQJ IRU HOGHUO\ ZRPHQ ZDV QHFHVVDU\ DQG VXJJHVWHG WKH VWDQGDUG VL]H IRU HDFK ERG\ W\SH $QG ZH DOVR VXJJHVWHG WKH SDWWHUQPDNLQJ VL]HV WKDW ZHUH QHHGHG WR PDQXIDFWXUH UHDG\PDGH FORWKLQJ 2Q WKH EDVLV RI VWDQGDUG VL]H ZH VXJJHVWHG WKH JUDGLQJ UXOHV IRU ERG\ W\SHV $QG ZH YHULILHG WKH SURSULHW\ RI WKH JUDGLQJ UXOHV IRU ERG\ W\SHV WKURXJK WKH ILWWLQJ WHVW DQG ZH NQHZ WKDW WKH JUDGLQJ UXOHV IRU ERG\ W\SHV RI WKLV VWXG\ ZDV YHU\ XVHIXO WR PDQXIDFWXUH FORWKLQJ IRU HOGHUO\ ZRPHQ.

(3) ERG\ W\SHV VWDQGDUG VL]LQJ V\VWHP JUDGLQJ UXOH UHDG\PDGH FORWKLQJ. 1.. * V. ® (BFÁã, 1995). º Ú ~~ÖëÚ W ~ F Ú; æzö ¦w~æ á~ ®b, $ Ú ; ßW >'>æ pf ~ ^> 5 .O ÞN~ J; öê ^B& V> ®º ©b 6B . V¢B j[~ Ú;ßW >'B ~> Úê 5 .O Úê¢ îN~º © /~ " > ® . jW &ç ~~ ~>Úêö & º, W ~ ÚßWö V ~>Úêö & (ê? , 1997), Ú;ê ~~>f .O Úêö & (F\?, 1998), jW~ Ú;ªC 5 ~~~>Ïö & (fã, 2001) ê¯>Ú z . öBº VW &ïÖ Úêö ' Ú;ê & ~>~ J; 5 .O ÞN¢ Bn~º .6j vîb, ¢ Û ~~~> &z 5 j[ ²j¶~ ~~>ö & òê¢ ËçÊ¶ ~& . ö 60^ ç j W ~ &Ú~.f ï~.~ ª¢ ªC~ KS K0055(j Wj * W ~>)ö BB Ú;ê VW &ï Ö ö ' ~> Úê¢ Bn~& . $ Ú;ê, ~> *ê &~>¢ ÖÂ~&b, Ú;ê &~>¢ V&b Ú;ê. J¾Æ ÖÒ Ò²º ~~ *, ~ã~ BFb ï >« ^Ú^ *Ú ï_ ¸jæº _z*ç ¾æ¾ ® . ö8¢ Ò²'b j[~ *>' >& Ëç> »Ïö & & ¸jæB j[j &çb ªÖë B~² >îb, ~~ÖëöBê j[ j * ~, B, Væ Ï® BB> ® . ¾. _[ö j j[~ Ú;&N ¶ò& ¦~ òê ¸f ~~B®~ Öö ÚJæj Ð ® . j Ú;f 7jö j Ë · &Ú~.~ ~> ª º 9b V(]§)~ êö V¢ Ú; æz& æº j[ò~ ßW ¾æÂ . Ò', ÷Ò' æz "K, ;6', FW &~>æ _ Ã&> rî, Þn~ 7ºW ² ¦'>º >(ÎJ¶ÁF\?, 1996), ~~ 'Wf 7jê W ö² ' ^B æ'> Corresponding author; Jeong-Yim Lee Tel. +82-42-520-5577, Fax. +82-42-520-5576 E-mail: [email protected]. 475.

(4) 476. ~~Öë²æ *6² *4^, 2004j. .O Úê¢ Bn~ O~ þj Û .O Úê~ 'Wj ¦Ã~& . 2.. \ÚÏ 5 O». \¶ò ~ ¶òº 2001j 6ú 19~8ú 13¢ Òö *~ jW 329«j ç7 G; ¶ò(;ª , 2003) . ÚG;f &n(VF&ö, 2002)b BB G;Ï, G; O» 5 G;BBö V¢ Úrb, C 87Ïj ç7G; ~& . &ç~ _ª¢ Table 1ö B~&b, KS K0055 ÕjWj * W~ ~>ÖÏ(VF&ö, 2002)ö V bþ¶~ Ú;ê ªº Table 2f ? . 2.1.. Ú;ê R~> 5 .O Úê Ú;ê ~> *B¢ * KS K0055ö BB F;ê bþ¶~ Ú;j \ª~ ï~.f &Ú~.~ ª

(5) ¢ ªC~& . $ ?f F; ÚöB ï~. \*ö V ¢ Ú~>ö F~ N& ®ºæ ªC~&b, F~N& 'f ï~. \*¢Ò \Ú ~¾~ ~>\*b J;~&. . 2.2.. Table 1.. Table 2.. \ &ç~ _ª

(6) _ \ª 60~64^ 65~69^ 70~74^ 75~79^ 80^~84^ 85^~89^ 90^ ç ê. ~*.O ·j *RÚê~

(7) .ª9 ÖÂ : Ú;ê R&~>¢ ~B· ö Ï~V *Bº ÖF R&~>ö 'ÏÒ '; Fª ï~ ÖÂ jº~& . jW &ç VW ëÚ~ îÊV NZ B· V&~>ö ~º bþ¶ f ÛÚ;(N Ú ;) &Ú~. ^ 88 cm~ ÒÝ îÒ~. ^ 76 cm ~ :æ¢ OÏ~º ©b Ò>î . V¢B ö ~º bþ¶ 5«j F;~ O~ þj ~ '; Fªïj ÖÂ Úî . $ Ú;ê R&~>ö '; Fªïj 'Ï *.~B·j B~& . O Úê~* Ú;ê 9 ¦ÃV&~>¢ : Ú;ê V&~>¢ ÒÏ~ 2.3.. \ ÷ « 92«(28.0%) 99«(31.1%) 56«(17.0%) 28«(8.5%) 13«(4.0%) 41 (12.5%). «. -. 329 (100.0%). Fig. 1.. Ú;ê bþ¶ ª

(8) ] F;. F;ê J;B ' ~>\*ö & KS K0055ö B B Ê F;ö V¢ Ú G;~ö F~ N& ®ºæ ª C ê, Ú;ê ~> Úê¢ Bn~, Ú;ê ' ~>\*~ Ú G;~~ ïj ÖÂb Ú;ê, ~>\*ê R& ~>¢ B~& . ' Ú;ö & ~> \*ê R&~>~ N 5 æz º j ªC~ Ú;ê .O ÞN¢ Bn~&. (Fig. 1).. ç ò. 135 cm 145 cm (Senior Petite). Ê F; 145 cmç 155 cmò. (Senior Regular). 12 60 nê(«) 4cm ò (H:small hip type) 3.6 18.2 WªN(%) 41 133 nê(«) 4cm ç 4cm ò (N:normal type) 12.5 40.4 WªN(%) 11 27 nê(«) 4cm ç (A:big hip type) 3.3 8.2 WªN(%) 64 220 nê(«) ê 19.5 66.9 WªN(%) Á*^n~ >~º * 329«~ 60& ç j9 (8FRö, 2002)~ Ú;ê ª

(9) ª.. ~>Úê ** ";. ç ò. 155 cm 165 cm (Senior Tall). ê. 12. 84. 3.6. 25.5. 25. 199. 7.6. 60.5. 8. 46. 2.4. 14.0. 45. 329). 13.7. 100.0.

(10) j

(11) 9~ ~*·j *R Ú;ê ~> 5 .O Úêö R \. *Ò j9 &ç V9 ëÚö* ÒÏ~ ®º ÒÝ : æ ö; Bê»ö 8¢ îÊV NZ(master pattern)j B·~ & . \ö* BB* .O ÞN¢ 'Ï* Ú;ê, ~> \*ê ÒÝ :æ þ~¢ B·~, Ú;ê bþ¶ ö & þ~f j9 &ç 6B ~~ Â~ V9j ª~ ~ B*ö ~ OÏÎ ê, OÏ¶ 5 *^& ÷~ Fª Vö & 5 òê¢ Ò~& . bþ¶º 15«î b 15« bþ¶~ Ú;ê ª¢ Table 3ö B~& . *^ & ÷f ~~ *~ *^& 5b W>îb, þ ~ ÒÝ" :æ :¶j Fig. 2ö B~& . O~ þ¦*º &Ú" îÒ, V, ï ¦*~ Fª 5 *~~ 'W, ². ^f ² Û~ F, ]^, Ú6Ò^ 5 Ê® ~ Fª, ^, B.P.*~ ö & rî¢ ¦Ò~& . 3.. \Ö. Ú;ê R~> 5 .O Úê Ú;ê ~> *B¢ *, Fig. 1~ *B ";ö V¢ &Ú ~.º 3 cm, ï~.º 2 cm *Ïb ª~ F; ê ª¢ ªC~&b Ö"¢ Table 4ö B~& . &Ú~ .¢ V&b F;~ ª¢ ªC ãÖ ï~ .¢ V&b ãÖö F;ê ª ãËj 2k~V& Ï ~&bæ, öBº ï~.¢ V&b bþ¶ ª ¢ ªC~& . Table 4öB ' ï~.*ê Ú;ö V¢ &Ú~.~ ªö N& ®b, $ ?f Ú; ÷ ãÖöê ï~. *ö V¢ &Ú~.~ ªö N & ®rj { > ® . ï~. ªö V bþ¶~ Ú;ßWj ~> *Bö >'Ê Ú~>ö F~N& ®º 7 *j ~> *b *BÊV *, 3&æ Ú;ö & ï~. *ê bþ¶ ª¢ ªC~ 7*" Ú~>ö F~N& ®º æ ªC~& (Table 5~Table 7). ªCÖ"ö V¢ ï 3.1.. 477. ~.¢ V&b Ú;ê ~> *j J;~& . ~>* * *Ïf jW &ç VW ëÚ~ .O ÞN& 5 cm Ú >Ú ®º ©j J~ ï~. 4~6 cm¢ V&b ~& . ¢>'b 4 cm *Ïj 'Ï~&b bþ¶ ª&. Ö 'f ï~. * 7 ®¾ 7 ï~ . *" Ú~>ö F~ N& ìº ãÖöº 6 cm * Ïj 'Ï~& . $ ~B·ö ÒÏ>º "º Ú¦* ~ > ~> *ê ¢; N¢ <ºæ {~ ~B· Ïê¢ J~& . bþ¶ 2« ~~ Ôf ª¢ ¾æÞ & $º ï ~. * ö &Bº ~B· Ïê& Ô $ *j 7 *ö Ò ãÖ &~> ÖÂ ï 8~ ÖJ>æ ~> *BöB B~& . ¾ A Ú;B ï~. 84 cm, 90 cm, 92 cm, 96 cm, 102 cm ~ 5 *f '' bþ¶~ ª& 2« ~ ¾æÒb¾, 7*~ bþ¶ ª& 3« çÚB º& ª &ËWj VB~V ÚJÖæ ~> *B * ªC~& . ~> *B F; ö Ê F;j þ J © æ Ö;~V *, ' ~> *ê KS K 0055ö BB Ê F;ö V¢ Ú G;~ö F~ N& ®ºæ ªC~&. . Ö" F;ê ' ~>*öB bþ¶ Ê~ ªº *& 5 cm ÚB ~>*j ª¢ ò¢ æ p~ bæ, Ê F;ö V¢ ~>*j z× ^ªzÊV º F;ê ' ~>*~ ï Ê¢ ÖÂ~ ¸¾ ^ ~> ÖÂ ^~ê ~º © ÎN'¢ ©b 6 >î . ö öBº F;j V&b Ú;ê ~ > *B¢ ~& . ~> *B ";j Ú;ê ÚÚ, HÚ;~ ãÖ bþ¶ ª& 2« ~ Ô² ¾æÂ ï~. 78cm, 80cm, 82 cm, 104 cm, 106 cm, 108 cm ~ 6 *(Table 4)j ~> * B B8b, Table 5öB Ú G;~ * F~ N ¢ ¾æÞ Ï '² ¾æÂ 84 cm *" 86 cm, 88 cm *j ~ ~¾~ ~> *b J;~& . ÚG;~ Table 3. .O Úê~ 9 ¦Ãj * O~ þ bþ¶ ~ Ú;ê ª

(12) («) Ê F; 135cmç 145cmç 155cmç F; 145cmò 155cmò 165cmò ê. ò 4cmç 4cmò (N:normal type) 4cmç (A:big hip type) ê. 4cm (H:small hip type). Fig. 2.. þ~ ÒÝ :æ~ :¶.. (Senior Petite). (Senior Regular). (Senior Tall). 1. 3. -. 4. 2. 3. 2. 7. 1. 2. 1. 4. 4. 8. 3. 15.

(13) 478. R~~Öë²æ *6² *4^, 2004j. ] F;ê ï~.B Ú~. ª

(14) Ú; ï~.\ª &Ú~.\ª. Table 4.. (cm). (cm). 78. 70 76. 80. 82. 73 82 88. ê 76 79 82 85 88 91 76 79 82 85 88 94 97. ê 86. 79 82 85 88 91 94 97. ê 88. 82 85 88 91 94 97. ê 90. 85 88 91 94 97 100 103. ê. N. 1 1 2. 2. 1 2 1. 3 2 1 6. 3 1 1. 3 5 2 1 2 3. 1 1 3 5. 3 4 3 10. 4 3 5 1 13. 10. 16 2 5 9. 16 9 19 11. 39 3 7 15. ï~.. 2 3 1. 6 7 3. 1 92 6 5 2 14 25 H: small hip(drop -4 cm ), N: normal(drop -4 cm 90 cm : 89 cm<= <91cm,. ê ò \*. 2 1. 2 1 1. 85 88 91 94 97 100 103. Á Áï~.. A 2. 1 1. ê. ê 84. H. 4 4 2. 6 1 1. 2 1 1. 2. &Ú~.\ª ê ï~.\ª (cm) (cm) 2 1 3 1 2 1 4 2 1 3 2 2 1 11 1 1 3 5 2 1 2 15 3 1 6 7 4 1 3 25 4 4 5 12 4 3 32 1 10 19 15 3 5 1 54 1 4 7 16 6 5 2 41. 94. 85 88 91 94 97 100 103 106. ê 96. 91 94 97 100 103 106. ê 98. 91 94 97 100 103 106. ê 100. 91 94 97 100 103 106 109. ê 102. 97 100 103 106 109. ê 104. 106 108. 97 100 103 106 109. Ú; H. 3 10 1 2 16. 5 1 1 7. 7 10 10. 27 6 9 5. 20. A 1 4 3. 8 1 1. 2 3. 2 7 6 2 1 3. 15. 3 3 1. 3 4 1 1 2 3. 8 2 5. 2 2 4. 7 2 1 1. ê 103 ê. 1 1. ê. 1 1. 103 109. N. 4 1 1. 4 1 1. 2 2 4. 6. 1 1 1. 1. ê 1 4 10 10 13 10 1 2 51 1 7 9 10 1 1 29 3 2 7 6 2 1 21 3 1 3 4 1 1 2 15 1 3 5 2 2 13 2 6 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 2 3. ç 4 cm ò), A: big hip(drop 4 cm ç) &Ú~. 94 cm \*: 92.5 cm <= &Ú~.<95.5 cm. * F~N ªCÖ¢ ï~. 90cmf 92 cm \* j ~, 94 cmf 96 cm, 98 cm \*j ~&b, 100 cm f 102 cm \*j ~ + 4B~ ~>\*j J;~&. (Table 5f Table 8 ^). ï~. 90 cm ç~ \* ö. & F~N ªCÖ(Table 5), &¦ª~ \*öB F~N¢ ¾æÞ Ï '² ¾æÒbæ 90 cmf 92 cm, 94 cm~ ^ \*j ~º j Ò~ ª~B ' ~>\*ê ï ~¢ jL~ º Ú¦* ~> \*ê ¢; N¢.

(15) j

(16) 9~ ~*·j * Ú;ê ~> 5 .O Úêö R \. 479. Ú;~ ï~. \*ê Ú~> F~N ªC F~N& ¾æÂ ]Ï ï~. jL \*(cm) 0.01ßα<0.05 0.001ßα<0.01 α<0.001 84(3) 86(5) ¶Ï~. , ï~. j¾:~. 86(5) 88(10) Ï,6~<5æ6 ^ ï~. 88(10) 90(13) <5æ6Ò*Ï, Ú6.j, &Úvþ, 7&Úvþ, ïvþ, &.j(II), îÒvþ, &Ú~., ï~. 7&Ú~., îÒ~., ËZæ~., 7

(17) ^, Ï,6~<5æ6 ^, &~.(II), ^, Ú6~îÒ7

(18) ^, Ú6Ò^, 7*Ê^ 90(13) 92(15) =&Ú.j, &Ú.j, Vvþ, ï~. 92(15) 94(16) ïvþ êÿ~. ï~. 94(16) 96(7) V.j, ï.j, &.j(I) ï~. 96(7) 98(3) j¾:~. :î~~., ï~. 98(3) 100(3) &Úvþ, 7&Úvþ, îÒvþ, Vvþ, =&Ú~., îÒ~. ï~. 100(3) 102(4) *:~. ï~. j¾:~. Áï~. 78, 80, 82, 104, 106, 108 cm \*f '' bþ¶ ª

(19) & 2« ~ ¾æÒbæ, ~> *B B8r. Á( ) n~ Q¶º bþ¶>¢ ¾æê. Table 6. NÚ;~ ï~. \*ê Ú~> F~N ªC F~N& ¾æÂ Ï ï~. jL \*(cm) 0.01ßα<0.05 0.001ßα<0.01 α<0.001 82(6) 84(10) <Sæ6¸, &Ú.j, 7&Ú.j, &.j(I), j¾:~., ¶Ï ï~. ~., Ú6-îÒ7

(20) ^, ® 84(10) 86(16) =&Ú.j, &Ú.j, 7&Ú.j, îÒ.j, &.j(II), ï~. Ï.j, &Ú~. &.j(I), &~.(II), &~.(I), Z´~., êÿ~., ^ 86(16) 88(16) ï.j, ïvþ, =&Ú~., 7&Ú~., ^, =&Úvþ, 7&Úvþ, V.j, &Úvþ, Vvþ, Ú6~îÒ7

(21) ^ &Ú~., V~., Ê®, ï~., 88(16) 90(39) Ï6¸, =&Ú.j, 7&Ú.j, îÒ.j, =&Ú~., êÿvþ, ËZæ~., ï~., &~.(II), &Ú~., îÒ~., &~.(I), *:~., ^, êÿp :î~~. j¾:~. 90(39) 92(25) êÿ¸, ï¸, &Ú.j, ï.j, &.j(I), <Sæ6Ò*Ï, V.j, ï~. ïvþ,V~., Ú6~îÒ7

(22) ^, Ú6~ÊîÒ7

(23) ^ &Ú~., 7*^ 92(25) 94(28) îÒ.j, Ï7vþ, Ï7~., =&Ú~., &~.(II), V.j, &Úvþ, &Ú~., ï~. êÿ~., êÿp 7&Ú~., V~. 94(28) 96(20) =&Ú.j, îÒvþ, Vvþ, îÒ~., V~., ^ ïvþ, &Ú~., ï~. 96(20) 98(15) ï.&6¸, Ú6.j, Vvþ, ¶Ï~., êÿvþ, =:~., ï~. Ú^, 7*Ê^, :î~~., j¾:~., 98(15) 100(8) &Úvþ, &Ú~. ï~. 100(8) 102(7) Vvþ, &Ú~. ï~. 102(7) 104(4) =&Ú~., êÿp B.j ï~. Áï~. 78, 80, 106, 108 cm \*f '' bþ¶ ª& 2« ~ ¾æÒbæ, ~> *B B8r. Á( ) n~ Q¶º bþ¶>¢ ¾æê. Table 5. H. <ºæ { Ö, 90 cmf 92 cm ~ v \*j ~ ~ >\*j J;~º © z æj { > ®î . f ?f Öº H Ú;ö ' ~B· 4B ~>~ *B& jºj ¾æÞ . N Ú; A Ú;~ ãÖº '' 6Bf 5B ~> \*b * B>îb(Table 6~Table 8 ^), ç ?f ~> Úê *B ;ö 8¢ Ú;ê ª~B ~> \*j Table 8ö B~& . ç~ Ö¦8 jW~ Ú;ßWö ' ~B· j *Bº Ú;ö 8¢ B ~> *B& jºj r > ® . Ú;ê ~B·ö jº Ú "º¦* ~>~ ~. >\*ê ï~¢ Table 9~Table 11ö B~, ¢ ~B ·j * Ú;ê, ~>\*ê R&~> Bn~& . ' ~> \*ê R&~>¢ jL *Ú'b ' ~> \*öB ¦*ê ÞN~ Wj 2k > ® . ' Ú;ö & ~>\*ê R&~>~ N 5 æz º j ªC~ Ú;ê .O ÞN¢ ÖÂ~& . j W & ç VW ëÚ ~ .O ÞN¢ ^~ ¦*ê ÞN~ Wj J~&b, Ïê 5 .O *B~ ÏW j * 3¶~ ¢Wê J~ ÞN¢ ÖÂ~& . H Ú;~ ãÖ ~. Ï~ ÞN& 6 cm ÖÂB \*.

(24) 480. R~~Öë²æ *6² *4^, 2004j. Ú;~ ï~. \*ê Ú~> F~N ª+ F~N& ¾æÂ ]Ï ï~. (cm) jL \* 0.01ßα<0.05 0.001ßα<0.01 α<0.001 82(3) 84(2) 7

(25) ^, ï~. ^, êÿ¸ 84(2) 86(4) %&ÚLþ, îÒvþ, ï~. 86(4) 88(6) ÊîÒ¸, ïvþ, :î~~., Ú6~îÒ7

(26) ^ &Ú~., Z´~., ï~. 88(6) 90(2) ï.&6¸, îÒ¸, ÊîÒ¸, &.j(II), ï¸, îÒ.j ïvþ, =&Ú~., &Ú~., ï~., Ï,6~<Sæ6 ^, êÿp 90(2) 92(2) Z´¸, &Ú.j, =&Ú~., *:~., 7

(27) ^, ï.&6¸, Ú6~ÊîÒ7

(28) ^ Ú6~îÒ7

(29) ^ 92(2) 94(8) &Ú.j, îÒ.j, îÒvþ, =&Ú~., &Ú~., ï~. 7&Ú~., îÒ~., Ê® 94(8) 96(2) V¸, 7&Ú.j, &Úvþ, 7&Ú~., Z´î:nã6¸, &Ú.j, ï.j, Ï,6~<Sæ6 ^, Ê®, :Ò6¸ ï~., ® 96(2) 98(3) <Sæ6¸, Z´¸, Z´î:nã6¸, 7&Ú.j, &Ú.j, =&Úvþ, Ï7~., ï^ îÒ.j, êÿvþ, ï~., &~.(II), *:~., ®, Ê® 98(3) 100(4) îÒ.j ï~. 100(4) 102(2) ï.&6¸, Ï7~., &Ú~., 7&Ú~., ² ^ ï¸, Z´¸, îÒ.j, ï~. 102(2) 104(6) =&Ú.j, ¶Ï:6¸, &Úvþ, 7&Úvþ, &Ú~., :î~:6¸, Z´¸, &Ú.j, ï~. 7&Ú.j, îÒ.j Áï~. 78, 80, 106, 108 cm \*f '' bþ¶ ª& 2« ~ ¾æÒbæ, ~> *B B8r. Á( ) n~ Q¶º bþ¶>¢ ¾æê. Table 7. A. ®º(Table 9), \* jL r ç&'b ` ÞN æ H-3f H-4 \* Òö \*j º&~º O» ÞN¢ 5 cm~ *º O»j ·~² J~&b¾, ' ~>\ *ê ï~¢ jL~ "º Ú ¦* ~> \*ê ¢ ; N¢ <ºæ { Ö, Table 9f ?f ~> *B 5 ÞN ÖÂ '~ º Öj ÚÚ > ®î . ^ f :æ^, F ~ ÏöB (H-3)-(H-2)~ 8 (-) ¾ æ¾º ~>\*ê R&~>& ¢'b Ã6~æ pf ¦*ö &Bº ÞN~ æz ºf ¦*ê ÞN~ W, b þ¶ ª

(30) ~ 'Ë ö & «'b ¦Æ~ ÞN¢ Ö; ~& . f?f O»b 3&æ Ú;~ ' ~>\*ê R& ~>¢ V&b Ú;ê .O ÞN¢ ÖÂ~ Table 9~ Table 11ö B~& . Ú;ê ~> \* bþ¶ ª H Ú; \* ï~. bþ¶ ª. Table 8.. \*. ~*.O ·j *RÚê~

(31) .ª9 ÖÂ : Ú;ê R&~>ö 'ÏÒ '; Fªïj ÖÂ ÚV *, jW &ç VW ë Ú 2 j F;~ îÊV NZ B· ÒÏ>º V&~> ¢ Ò~, V&~>f bþ¶~ Ú ~> * N¢ \~ 1N Fªj ÖÂ~& (Table 12). N Ú;B &Ú~. ^ 88 cm ÒÝ îÒ~. ^ 76 cm~ :æ¢ OÏ~º bþ¶º N-2 \*(Table 10)ö ~æ, N-2~ R&~>ö 1N Fªj z~ 1N V&~> ;~ O~ þj ~& . Ö 5«~ bþ¶ Îv Vf ï ~.~ F ª ¦~ w~&b, ² ^f :æ^º bþ¶ ö V¢ £* ^¾ .Z ^ w~& . ÒÝ^º b þ¶ö V¢ '~¾ £* ^ w~& . 7*^ö 3.2.. Ú; ï~. bþ¶ ª N. \*. Ú; ï~.. bþ¶ª. A. 1. 84/86/88 cm. 18(5.5%). 1. 82/84 cm. 16(4.9%). 1. 82/84/86 cm. 9(2.7%). 2. 90/92 cm. 28(8.5%). 2. 86/88 cm. 32(9.7%). 2. 88/90/92 cm. 9(2.7%). 3. 94/96/98 cm. 26(7.9%). 3. 90/92 cm. 64(19.5%). 3. 94/96 cm. 9(2.7%). 4. 100/102 cm. 7(2.1%). 4. 94/96 cm. 48(14.6%). 4. 98/100 cm. 7(2.1%). 5. 98/100 cm. 23(7.0%). 5. 102/104 cm. 7(2.1%). 6. 102/104 cm. 11(3.3%). ê. 79(24.0%) ê ê Á( )~ Q¶º *Ú bþ¶ 329« 7~ jNª.. 194(59.0%). 41(12.5%).

(32) j

(33) 9~ ~*·j *R Ú;ê ~> 5 .O Úêö R \ Table 9. H. Ú;~ ~*·j * ~> \*ê ~>B .O ÞN (cm) Ò® \ª H-1 (H-2)-(H-1) ÞN H-2 (H-3)-(H-2) ÞN. Ï 94.5 4.0 4.0 98.5 2.8 3.0 &Ú~. 81.9 4.5 4.0 86.4 3.0 3.0 îÒ~. 86.6 4.3 4.0 90.9 4.1 4.0 ï~. 35.3 1.2 1.2 36.5 0.5 0.6 ÚS$Ò^ 30.8 0.5 0.6 31.3 0.7 0.6 ® 35.6 0.6 0.6 36.2 0.9 1 Ê® 37.7 0.3 0 38.0 -0.5 0 ^ 38.5 1.4 1.3 39.9 -0.4 0 ^ 52.3 0 0 52.3 0.6 0.6 ² ^ 52.4 1.8 1.5 54.2 -0.2 0 Ê Þ^ 88.8 3.0 1.5 91.8 -1.3 0 :æ^ 1.1 1.0 30.0 0.5 0.6 <5æ6Ò *Ï 28.9 1.2 1.0 19.2 -0.4 0 Ï,6~<5æ6 ^ 18.0 Table 10. N Ú;~ ~B·j * ~> \*ê &~>f .O ÞN (cm) Ò® \ª Ï (N-2) N-1 ÞN N-2 (N-3) ÞN N-3 (N-4) ÞN (N-1) (N-2) (N-3) 84.1 3.9 3.8 88.1 3.3 3.8 91.4 4.1 3.8 &Ú~. 73.0 3.6 3.8 76.6 3.9 3.8 80.5 3.9 3.8 îÒ~. 83.3 3.8 3.8 87.1 3.7 3.8 90.8 3.9 3.8 ï~. ÚS6Ò^ 33.6 1.5 1.3 35.1 1.0 1.3 36.1 0.1 0 29.5 0.7 0.6 30.2 0.6 0.6 30.8 0.7 0.6 ® 32.8 1.3 1.3 34.1 1.2 1.3 35.3 0.2 0 Ê® 34.8 1.0 1.0 35.8 1.1 1.0 36.9 0.2 0 ^ 36.4 0.7 0.6 37.1 1.0 1.0 38.1 0.1 0 ^ 51.3 0.4 0.6 51.7 0.4 0.6 52.1 0.9 0.6 ² ^ 53.0 0.1 0 53.1 0.6 0.6 53.7 0.7 0.6 Ê Þ^ 88.3 0.5 0.6 88.8 1.2 1.3 90.0 1.2 1.3 :æ^ <5æ6Ò *Ï 27.2 0.6 0.6 27.8 0.5 0.6 28.3 0.9 0.8 Ï,6~<5æ6 ^ 16.5 0.1 0 16.6 0.7 0.6 17.3 0.6 0.6. &*º 5 ¾ £* ` w~ 7*^ö º& Fª Ï>Ú¢ ©bR 6>î .

(34) ¾ :æ NZ *· 7*^º ï~.¢ ÒÏ ÖÂö ~ Ö; >æ ï~.~ Fªj Ã&Ê 7*^ Fªê ¶® Ã&~² B . O~ þö ÒÏB N-2 Ò® R&~ > 5 Fª, V&~>¢ Table 12ö B~& . 1N O~ þ Ö ¾æÂ ^B6j j~V * ¦*ê ; Fªj 2k~ >;~& . >; ÚÏj ÚÚ (Table 12), &Ú~.~ Fªj 1Nö j 2.2 cm ² >; ~ 9.5 cm J;~&b, îÒ~.~ Fªf ÒÝ~ ã Ö 1Nö j 3.5 cm Ã& 16.9 cm, :æ~ ãÖ 1Nö j 2.4 cm Ã& 2.4 cm Fªj J;~& . ï~ .~ Fªf 7.2 cm z ² ~ 16.9 cm J;~& . Ú 6Ò^f ®, Ê®, ^öº '' 2 mmO £*~ Fªj º&~&b, ² ^~ Fªf 0.8 cm * 5.3 cm, :æ^ Fªf 3.5 cm * 5.3 cm >;~& .. 481. H-3. (H-4)-(H-3). ÞN. H-4. 101.3 89.4 95.0 37.0 32.0 37.1 37.5 39.5 52.9 54.0 90.5 30.5 18.8. 6.5 6.4 5.9 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.8 -0.1 1.7 0.2 1.2 0.1 1. 6.0 6.0 6.0 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 0 1.5 0 1.3 0 1.5. 107.8 95.8 100.9 38.0 32.7 37.9 38.3 39.4 54.6 53.8 91.7 30.7 20.6. N-4. (N-5) (N-4). ÞN. N-5. (N-6) (N-5). ÞN. N-6. 95.5 84.4 94.7 36.2 31.5 35.5 37.1 38.2 53.0 54.4 91.2 29.2 17.9. 2.8 3.7 3.8 1.2 0.5 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.4 0.8 0.7. 3.8 3.8 3.8 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.6. 98.3 88.1 98.5 37.4 32.0 36.6 37.8 38.7 53.5 55.6 92.6 30.0 18.6. 3.6 4.2 4.0 0.1 0.2 0.8 1.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 0 0.6. 3.8 3.8 3.8 0 0 0.6 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6. 101.9 92.3 102.5 37.5 32.2 37.4 39.0 38.8 53.0 54.7 91.9 30.0 19.2. ÒÝ^º bþ¶ö V¢ '~¾ £* ^ w~&b æ ^¢ >;~æ p~, F~ Fªf 2 mm z ² ~ Ú~>ö C 1.4 cm~ Fªj º&~& . ç ? Ú ¦*ê Fªj >;~ 2N V&~> ¢ J;~ 2N O~ þj Ö, 1N þöB ¾æ Â ^B6 Îv Ö>Ú bþ¶ ~ Ú;ö ' ©b ¾æÒ . öV¢ 2N O~ þ Ö áÚê ' ¦*~ F ªïj '; Fªïb Bn~, Ú;ê &~>ö '; Fªïj 'Ï* Ú;ê V&~> B~& (Table 13). H Ú;~ ãÖ H-1~ &~>ö 2N Fªj 'Ï~&b, A Ú;~ ãÖ A-3~ &~>ö 2N Fªj z~ Ú;ê V&~> .O J;~&. Úê~ .9 : O~ þj ~ þ~f V W ÒÝ~ Fªö & V òêö & OÏ¶ ~ ï& ÚÏj ¦*ê jL Ö(Table 14), F~N& ¾ æÂ Ïf Ú.jf ÒÝ^, ² ^ Ïî . bþ.

(35) 482. R~~Öë²æ *6² *4^, 2004j. Table 11. A. Ú;~ ~B·j * ~> \*ê &~>f .O ÞN (cm) Ò® \ª A-1 (A-2) - (A-1) ÞN A-2 (A-3) - (A-2) ÞN A-3 (A-4) - (A-3) ÞN. Ï &Ú~. îÒ~. ï~. ÚS6Ò^ ® Ê® ^ ^ ² ^ Ê Þ^ :æ^ Ï,6~<5æ6 ^ <5æ6Ò *Ï. 78.0 70.8 83.9 34.8 29.7 32.9 37.3 35.6 51.3 52.5 87.7 25.0 15.6. 5.0 1.7 5.0 0.6 1.0 0.3 -0.4 2.4 2.2 1.8 3.9 2.0 0.8. 5.0 2.5 5.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0. 83.0 72.5 88.9 35.4 30.7 33.2 36.9 38.0 53.5 54.3 91.6 27.0 16.4. 5.7 6.6 5.5 1.1 0.3 2.1 1.0 0.4 -0.2 1.0 2.3 1.5 1.1. ¶ f VW~ Ú.j& £* 9 ÒÝ^f ² ^ê £* ^ ~ ®î . Ú.j Fªö & òaê º VW 2.85, þ~º 4.08R ¾æÒ, ÒÝ^f ². ^ö & VW òaêº '' 2.87, 1.97îb¾ þ~ òaêº '' 4.15f 3.13bR ¾æ¾, þ~öB 3Ïö & òaê& ² Ëç>îrj { > ® .. þ~f VW :æ~ Fªö & V òaê ö & OÏ¶~ ï& ÚÏj jL Ö(Table 15), F~N & ¾æÂ Ïf :æ^ Ïî . bþ¶ f VW : æ^& Ö ^ ï&~&b VW :æ^ö & O~ þö ÒÏB N-2 Ò®~ &~> 5 'Ï. Table 12. (cm). Fª. N O~ þ 2N O~ þ NZB·ö Ò®~ 1N NZB·ö 2N ÒÏB Fª ÒÏB &~> Fª V&~> V&~> N-2. 1. 88.1 7.3 95.4 9.5 97.6 &Ú~. 76.6 13.4 90.0 16.9 93.5 îÒ~.(1) 76.6 0 76.6 2.4 79.0 îÒ~.(2) 87.1 9.7 96.8 16.9 104.0 ï~. ÚS6Ò^ 35.1 3.6 38.7 3.9 39.0 30.2 4.2 34.4 4.4 34.6 ® 34.1 4.2 38.3 4.4 38.5 Ê® 35.8 2.3 38.1 2.5 38.3 ^ 37.1 4.5 41.6 4.5 1.6 ^ 51.7 6.1 57.8 5.3 57.0 ² ^ 63.5 63.5 ÒÝ^ 88.8 8.7 97.5 5.3 94.0 :æ^ Ï,6 27.8 0 27.8 0 27.8 ~<5æ6 ^ <5æ6 16.6 1.2 17.8 1.4 18.0 Ò *Ï ÁîÒ~.(1)f ÒÝ B· ~ îÒ~., îÒ~.(2)º :æ B· ~ îÒ~.¢ ¾æê.. 5.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.0. 88.7 79.1 94.4 36.5 31.0 35.3 37.9 38.4 53.3 55.3 93.9 28.5 17.5. 2.8 4.9 4.4 0.6 -0.1 1.3 -1.9 -1.2 -1.4 -1.7 -6.2 1.2 0.7. 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.5 0 1.3 0 0 0 0 0 1.5 0.6. A-4 (A-5) - (A-4) 91.5 84.0 98.8 37.1 30.9 36.6 36.0 37.2 51.9 53.6 87.7 29.7 18.2. 7.0 4.6 4.6 -0.3 1.3 -0.1 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.2 4.4 0.3 1.0. ÞN. A-5. 5.0 98.5 5.0 88.6 5.0 103.4 0 36.8 1.3 32.2 0 36.5 0 37.5 0.5 38.7 0.5 53.7 0 54.8 0 92.1 0.3 30.0 1.0 19.2. òaêº 1.22&b¾ þ~º 3.46bR ¾æ¾, þ~öB : æ^ö & òaê& ² Ëç>îrj r > ® . Ûê F~Nº {>æ p~b¾, ? Ò 5 ? Ò-¦Ò ¦* öBê þ~ :æ~ òaê $>& ² ¸² ¾æÒ . VW Âf bþ¶ Ú;ö V¢ OÏ¶~ V òaê¢ ªC~&b, Ö¢ Table 16ö *~& . VW ÒÝ~ Fªö & V $>º Âö V ¢ 3.24~3.51~ ª

(36) ¢ ¾æî þ~~ ãÖöº Ú;ö V ¢ 3.06~3.33~ ª

(37) ¢ ¾æÚ, bþ¶ VW. þ~ Fªö & ~ w ãËj k > ® . VW ÒÝ~ Fªö & òaê $>º Âö V¢ 3.21~4.16~ ª

(38) ¢ ¾æîb þ~º Ú;ö V¢ 3.79~ 4.21~ $> ª

(39) ¢ ¾æî . þ~ òaê R$> 3.79 ò~ $>¢ Af Âº A, B, D, F~ 4B ÂR ¾ æ¾, bþ¶ f VW. þ~ Fªö & ç&b R ¸f òaê ãËj ¾æî . Table 13.. ~B·j * Ú;ê V&~> Ú;ê V&~> H Ú; N Ú; A Ú;. &Ú~. îÒ~.(1) îÒ~.(2) ï~. Ú6Ò^ ® Ê® ^ ^ ² ^ ÒÝ^ :æ^ Ï,6~<5æ6 ^ <5æ6 Ò *Ï. 104.0 98.8 84.3 103.5 39.2 35.2 40.0 40.2 43.0 57.4 63.3 94.0 28.9 19.4. 97.6 93.5 79.0 104 39.0 34.6 38.5 38.3 41.6 56.8 63.3 94.0 27.8 18.0. 98.2 96.0 81.5 111.3 40.4 35.4 39.7 40.4 42.9 58.4 63.3 99.1 28.5 18.9.

(40) j

(41) 9~ ~*·j *R Ú;ê ~> 5 .O Úêö &R . 483. þ~ 5 VW ÒÝ~ Fªö & OÏ¶~ V 5 òê jL Fª V Fª V ò ï&6> VW ÒÝ. þ~ ÒÝ VW ÒÝ. þ~ ÒÝ Ï ï &ÞN ï &ÞN t-test ï &ÞN ï &ÞN t-test 3.38 0.51 4.00 0.71 -3.021** 4.08 1.26 2.85 1.59 2.659** Ú.j 3.23 0.44 3.39 0.53 -1.018 4.08 1.19 3.97 1.35 0.278 =&Ú~. 3.23 0.44 3.33 0.50 -0.705 4.08 1.19 4.24 1.24 -0.458 &Ú~. 3.00 0.58 2.99 0.77 0.050 4.00 1.15 3.90 1.48 0.234 îÒ~. 3.00 0.58 3.11 0.73 -0.528 4.15 1.14 3.96 1.44 0.473 ï~. 3.15 0.55 3.51 0.71 -1.743 4.23 1.09 3.76 1.51 1.093 êÿ~. 3.15 0.38 3.17 0.40 -0.108 4.38 0.87 4.42 1.10 -0.118 *:~. 3.08 0.28 3.17 0.41 -0.746 4.62 0.51 4.38 1.15 0.727 :î~~. 3.08 0.28 3.13 0.39 -0.495 4.62 0.51 4.40 1.14 0.656 ¶Ï~. 3.31 0.48 3.98 0.81 -2.913** 4.15 1.28 2.87 1.74 2.569* ÒÝ^ 3.54 0.66 4.31 0.82 -3.198** 3.15 1.41 1.97 1.44 2.724** ² ^ 3.20 0.47 3.46 0.62 -1.311 4.14 1.05 3.70 1.38 0.985 ï Á*: 0.01<= α<0.05 **: 0.001<= α<0.01 ***:α<0.001 ÁFª V 6>: 16= Ö ' , 26=£* ' , 36='~ , 46=£* , 56= Ö . ÁFª V ò 6>: 16= Ö ®ò, 26=£* ®ò, 36=Û, 46=£* ò, 56= Ö ò. Table 15. þ~f VW :æ~ Fªö & OÏ¶~ V 5 òê jL Fª V Fª V ò ï&6> VW :æ. þ~ :æ VW :æ. þ~ :æ t-test Ï ï &ÞN ï &ÞN ï &ÞN ï &ÞN t-test 3.08 0.49 3.28 0.65 -1.063 4.23 1.30 4.18 1.32 0.136 îÒ~. 3.00 0.71 3.16 0.52 -0.965 4.23 1.30 4.43 1.16 -0.562 V~. 3.23 0.44 3.33 0.81 -0.447 4.17 0.94 4.10 1.45 0.155 ï~. 3.15 0.69 2.88 0.54 1.669 4.38 1.12 4.29 1.27 0.262 7*^ 3.31 0.63 3.69 0.81 -1.616 4.00 1.22 3.63 1.69 0.759 ? Ò¦* 3.23 0.73 4.83 0.46 -10.898*** 3.46 1.39 1.22 0.77 8.714*** :æ^ 3.08 0.49 3.13 0.48 -0.404 3.77 1.42 3.92 1.15 -0.432 îÒ-ï¦* 3.15 0.38 3.20 0.50 -0.332 4.15 0.90 3.94 1.11 0.650 ? Ò-¦Ò¦* 3.15 0.57 3.44 0.60 -1.757 4.05 1.20 3.71 1.24 1.210 ï Á*: 0.01<= α<0.05 **: 0.001<= α<0.01 ***:α<0.001 Table 16. VW Âf bþ¶ Ú;ö 8 OÏ¶~ V òê Fª V Fª V ò :æ ÒÝ :æ ÒÝ ï &ÞN ï &ÞN ï &ÞN ï &ÞN Table 14.. A B C D E F. VW. 3.40 3.51 3.29 3.49 3.24 3.29 3.33 3.32 3.06. Ú; Ú; Ú; t-test 1.006 ÁA~Fº jW &ç VW Âª. Á*: 0.01<= α<0.05 **: 0.001<= α<0.01. þ~. H N A. 0.79 0.69 0.74 0.63 0.56 0.64 0.53 1.01 0.73. 3.31 3.35 3.52 3.36 3.47 3.38 3.11 3.10 3.19. 0.57 0.62 0.56 0.43 0.57 0.54 0.30 0.53 0.19 2.959**. 3.63 3.36 3.92 3.21 4.16 3.77 3.79 3.85 4.21. 0.58 0.75 0.64 0.59 0.71 0.49 0.55 0.78 0.64 0.885. 3.88 3.85 3.87 3.94 3.89 3.64 3.89 4.23 4.15. 0.58 0.67 0.59 0.47 0.66 0.58 0.49 0.72 0.43 1.910 *.

(42) 484. R~~Öë²æ *6² *4^, 2004j. þ~f VW~ *Ú' rîö & *^& ï&6>~ ï R&ÞN VWö & ï&6>. þ~ö & ï&6> ï& ÚÏ ï R&ÞN ï R&ÞN 3.54 0.67 2.94 0.70 ÒÝ~ *Ú' rî 3.74 0.38 3.28 0.60 :æ~ *Ú' rî. Table 17.. t-test 2.546* 2.162*. *: 0.01<= α<0.05. 89 :æ~

(43) Fªö R 8 $>º Âö 8 ¢ 3.31~3.52~ ª

(44) ¢ ¾æî þ~º Ú;ö 8¢ 3.10~ 3.19~ ª

(45) ¢ ¾æÚ, bþ¶ 89. þ~ :æ~

(46) Fªö & '~ w ãËj r > ® . 8 9 :æ~

(47) Fªö & òê 6>º 3.64~3.94~ ª

(48) ¢ ¾æî þ~~ ãÖöº Ú;ö V¢ 3.89~4.23~ ª

(49) ¢ ¾æÚ, bþ¶ f 89. þ~ :æ~ Fªö & ç&'bR ¸f òê ãËj ¾æî . Table 16öB 8W Â 5 Ú;ê þ~~ 6> ª

(50) R¦8 þ~~ Fª 8 5 òê& 8Wö j ç& 'bR ¸f ãËf 2k > ®b¾, Ûê' F~Nº :æ ö &Bò {>î . º Table 14f Table 15öB r > ® 8W þ~ ÒÝ *~ Ûê' F~N& ß; ¦*öB væ² ¾æÒ8 r^ . Þ ¶~ Ú;ö ~º Ú;ê þ~¢ OÏ ãÖ, H Ú;~ ÒÝ :æö & òê 6>& Ú;ö j Ô A Ú;~ òê 6>& Ú;ö j ¸² ¾æÒb ¾, 3 Ú; * òê~ F~Nº Ûê'b {>æ p~ .. þ~f 8W~ *Ú' rîö & *^& ï&6> ¢ jL Ö(Table 17)öBº ÒÝ :æ Îv 8Wö j þ~~ 6>& F~~² ¸² ¾æÒ . ç ? þ~f 8Wö & OÏ¶~ Fªö & 8 5 òê, *^&~ rî ï&¢ '' jL Ö, OÏ¶f *^& Îv 8W. þ~ ÒÝ :æö & z ò~&rj r > ® . ö V¢ \öB B n Ú;ê ~> Úê 5 .O ÞN& jW~ ~B ·ö 'j {~& . 4.. º£ # ÖV. \öBº ~~~> R&z 5 j[ ²j¶~ ~ ~ >ö & òê Ëçj Ï'b jW Ú;ê ~> Úê 5 .O j Bn~& . \ Öö V¢ jW~ Ú; ßWö ' ~ B·j * Ú;ö V¢ B Ò® *B& jºj {~, VW B·ö jº Ú;ê, Ò®ê R&~>¢ Bn~& . ' ~>\*ê R&~>¢ jL ¦*ö V ¢ ¢B æz ãËj ¾æÚæ pf \*ê ®b¾ *Ú'b. ' ~>\*öB ¦*ê ÞN~ Wj 2k > ®î. $ Ú;ê R&~>ö '; Fªïj 'Ï* ~B· ö 'ÏÒ > ®º Ú;ê V&~>¢ B~& . Ú;ê R&~>¢ V&b .O ÞN¢ Bn~&b, 6B 2Â VW Ú;ê þ~ö & O~ þj Û Ú;ê .O Úê~ 'Wj ¦Ã~& . Ö OÏ¶ f *^& Îv VW Ú;ê þ~ö & z ò~& b, öV¢ \öB Bn Ú;ê ~> Úê 5 . O ÞN& jW~ ~B·ö 'j {~& . Þ \öBº ~B· Ú;ßWj >'ÊV * Ú ;ê, ~>\*ê R&~>¢ V&b .O ÞN¢ ÖÂ Úîbæ, ~>\* $º Ú ¦*ö V¢ ÖW ®º ÞN¢ êÂ ÚV ÚJÚ ãÖ& ®î . ê³ \¢ Û ôf jWj &çb Ú ¦*ê ÞN~ 'Wj ¦Æ ¾&¢ ©, O~ þj Û Ú;ê ®ò Ò j W ~~ rî Ëçj * >'>Ú¢ Ú;ê ßW j º&'b ªC Ú¢ © . .. $Ò~ : \º 2002j VÒ&L êL>\j æöj Aj >¯>îr.. ^^ò 8FRö (2002) “j9j *R Ú; Rz ãç\ ÷”. 8FR&ö (2002) “j9j *R 9~ ~> KS K 0055”. ÎJ¶ÁF\? (1996) ê[~ ~ ö R \(I)-j W~ _ 5 Ú;ê Úòêf 8W Ò®òê-. R ]~~²æ, 20(6), 962-974. F\? (1998) j W~ Ú;ê ~~>f .O Úêö R \. W&L &ö ;Ò*¢^. fã (2001) jW~ Ú;ªC 5 ~~~>Ïö \. ]&L &ö CÒ*¢^. ;ªÁ"²_ÁÎJ¶Á^æ (2003) j W~ R&~> J ;ö \(I)-_&ê Ú;ßW 5 æê Ú;N-. ]~ ~²æ, 27(1), 88-99. ê?Á;ç\ÁR;× (1997) W~ ÚßWö V ~> Úêö \. ]~~²æ, 21(5), 835-844. RBFÁã (1995) 7jW VW~ ~>Úêö \. ;²æ, 33(1), 187-201. (2004j 2ú 19¢ 7>).

(51)