Effect of α-lipoic acid on endothelium-independent vasodilation (EID) (n=11). Ns : nonspecific, mean±SD)
0 4 8 12 16
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 4 8 12
(%) ns
E I D
Effect of α-lipoic acid on endothelium-independent vasodilation (EID) (n=11). Ns : nonspecific, mean±SD)
0 4 8 12 16
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 4 8 12
(%) ns
E I D
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4 8
Superoxide(nmol/107cells/min)
∗
∗∗
Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on formation of superoxide in neutrophils (n=11).
* : p < 0.05 vs baseline, ** : p < 0.003 vs baseline, (mean ±SD)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4 8
Superoxide(nmol/107cells/min)
∗
∗∗
Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on formation of superoxide in neutrophils (n=11).
* : p < 0.05 vs baseline, ** : p < 0.003 vs baseline, (mean ±SD)
0 2 4 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
* ?
0 4 2 (%)
6 8
flow-mediatedvasodilation
A
0 2 4 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
* †
0 4 2 (%)
6 8
Flow-mediated vasodilation
0 2 4 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
* ?
0 4 2 (%)
6 8
flow-mediatedvasodilation
A
0 2 4 6 8 10
1 2 3 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
* †
0 4 2 (%)
6 8
Flow-mediated vasodilation
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0_week 2_week 3_week
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
20
0 (sec)
40 60
∗ ?
Initial reaction time
B
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0_week 2_week 3_week
Baseline
‡
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0_week 2_week 3_week
Baseline 1 wk1 wk 2 wk 3 wk 20
0 (sec)
40 60
∗ ?
Initial reaction time
B
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0_week 2_week 3_week
Baseline
‡
0 0.2
1
1 2 3 4
Superoxide (nmol/10 cells/min)7
1
1 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4
8 ∗
?
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4
8 ∗
†
0 0.2
1
1 2 3 4
Superoxide (nmol/10 cells/min)7
1
1 4
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4
8 ∗
?
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4
8 ∗
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4
8 ∗
?
Baseline 1 wk 2 wk 3 wk
0 12
4
8 ∗
† flow-mediated vasodilation(%)
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2
Superoxideanion production(*)
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
n=44 r = -0.65 p = 0.001
flow-mediated vasodilation(%)
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2
Superoxideanion production(*)
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
n=44 r = -0.65 p = 0.001
flow-mediated vasodilation(%)
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2
Lag time to initial reaction(sec)
70
60
50
40
30
20
n=44 r = -0.74 p = 0.001
flow-mediated vasodilation(%)
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2
Lag time to initial reaction(sec)
70
60
50
40
30
20
n=44 r = -0.74 p = 0.001 Lag time to initial reaction(sec)
70 60
50 40
30 20
superoxideanion production(*)
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
n=44 r = 0.79 p = 0.001
Lag time to initial reaction(sec)
70 60
50 40
30 20
superoxideanion production(*)
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
n=44 r = 0.79 p = 0.001