* ᯙᱽݡ⦺Ʊ ⪹ĞŖ⦺ŝ ၶᔍŝᱶ ([email protected])
Received January 27 2013, Revised March 7 2013, Accepted April 4 2013
Copyright ⵑ 2013 by the Korean Society of Civil Engineers
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0)
ǣǣȀȀǤǤȀͳͲǤͳʹͷʹȀ ǤʹͲͳ͵Ǥ͵͵Ǥ͵Ǥͻͻ Ǥ ǤǤ
5Ⲏ#⌾ⷓ#㯓ⴂ#ⴲⱧ㬚#ᨒ㐖ⴖ#⟖Ὢ㡷⛯#⍂⛛
֜ઽผ ȵఢֽ ȵઽܑ ȵছଵ
Ku, Young Hun*, Song, Chang Geun**, Kim, Young Do***, Seo, Il Won****
Analysis of Hydraulic Characteristics of Flood Plain Using Two-Dimensional Unsteady Model
ABSTRACT
Since the cross-sectional shape of the Nakdong river is compound type, the water stage rises up to the top of the flood plane, as the flow discharge increases during the extreme rain storm in summer. The recent increase of rainfall intensity and flood frequency results in the immersions of parks and hydrophilic facilities located in the flood plain. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the hydraulic characteristics evolved by the extreme rain storm in the flood plain. The study reach ranging from the Gangjeong Goryeong Weir and the Dalseong Weir, where several hydraulic facilities are located along the channel, was selected and numerical simulations were conducted for 42 hours including the peak flood of the typhoon Sanba. The 2-D transient model, FaSTMECH was employed and the accuracy of the model was assessed by comparing the water level between the simulation results and the measured ones at a gauging station. It showed a high correlation with R2 of 0.990, AME of 0.195, and RMSE of 0.252. In addition, the inundation time, the inundation depth, the inundation velocity, and the shear stress variation in the flood plain facilities were analyzed.
Key words : Compound channel, Extreme rain storm, Flood plain, FaSTMECH
Ⅹಾ
Ӻ࠺v᮹⬂݉໕ᮡᅖ݉໕⩶┽ෝŁᯩᮝအಽ, ᩍ℁Ḳᵲ⪙ᬑᨱ᮹⧕ᕽ⦹ᮁపᯕ᷾a⦹໕ࢵ⊹ᔢᇡʭḡ⦹ᙹ᭥aᔢ⦹۵✚Ḷᯕ
ᯩ݅. ੱ⦽↽ɝvᬑvࠥၰ⪮ᙹኩࠥ᮹᷾aಽᯙ⧕šಉ⦝⧕aɪ᷾⦹Łᯩᮝ໑, ᯕ۵⪮ᙹ░ᨱᖅ⊹ࡽŖᬱŝzᮡ⊽ᙹᖅॅ᮹⋉ᙹ⦝⧕
᪡Ḣᱲᱢᮝಽᩑšࡹအಽ, ɚ⦽vᬑࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᯕ⦥⦹݅Ł❱݉ࡽ݅. ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵݅᧲⦽⊽ᙹᖅॅᯕ᳑ᖒࡹᨕ
ᯩ۵vᱶŁಚᅕ᪡ݍᖒᅕᔍᯕෝ༉᮹Ǎeᮝಽᖁᱶ⦹ᩍ┽⣮ᔑၵᨱ᮹⧕℉ࢱ⪮ᙹపᯕၽᔾ⦽ᱱᮥᱥ⬥ಽⅾ42eᨱÙ⊽ᙹ⊹༉᮹ෝ
ᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. 2₉ᬱᇡᱶඹ༉⩶ᯙFaSTMECH ༉᮹đŝ᪡ᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭᨱᕽᝅ⊂ࡽᝅ⊂ᙹ᭥᪡እƱ⦹ᩍ༉⩶᮹ᱢᬊᖒᮥá☁⦽đŝR2۵
0.990, AME۵0.195, RMSE۵0.252ಽ׳ᮡᔢššĥෝᅕᩡ݅. əญŁá᷾ࡽFaSTMECH ༉⩶ᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ┽⣮ᔍᔢ⪮ᙹ░ԕᨱ᭥
⊹⧕ᯩ۵⌁⦲ᰆŝᔾ┽Ŗᬱ॒ŝzᮡ⊽ᙹᖅᯕ⋉ᙹࡹ۵eၰ⋉ᙹᝍ, ⋉ᙹᮁᗮၰᱥ݉ಆ॒ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅.
áᔪᨕ ᅖ݉໕, Ḳᵲ⪙ᬑ, ࢵ⊹, FaSTMECH
սėॡ
1. ᕽು
↽ɝvᬑvࠥ᮹᷾aಽ⪮ᙹ᮹ၽᔾኩࠥ᪡⪮ᙹపᯕ᷾a⦹Ł
ᯩᮝ໑, ᩍ℁ ┽⣮ᨱ ᮹⦽ Ḳᵲ⪙ᬑಽ ⦹᮹ ࢵ⊹ᨱ ᖅ⊹ࡽ
⊽ᙹᖅ᮹ ⋉ᙹ⦝⧕ a܆ᖒᯕ ׳ᦥḡŁ ᯩ݅. ੱ⦽ 2000֥ݡ
⬥ၹᯕ௹ಽ⦹᮹ࢵ⊹ෝ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍᔾ┽Ŗᬱᯕӹℕᮂᖅ॒ŝ
zᮡ݅᧲⦽⊽ᙹᖅॅᯕ᳑ᖒࡹᨩᮝӹ, ᩍ℁Ḳᵲvᬑᨱ᮹⦽
⦹᮹⪮ᙹ᭥ᔢᮡᯕ్⦽⊽ᙹᖅ᮹⋉ŝ♕ᱢ॒ŝzᮡ
⋉ᙹ⦝⧕ෝ aᵲ┅۵ ᬱᯙᯕ ࡹʑࠥ ⦽݅. ᕽ ᯕ᪡ zᮡ
⪮ᙹ⦝⧕ෝᩩ⊂⦹ʑ᭥⧕ᕽ۵ࢵ⊹ෝ⡍⧉⦽ᅖ݉໕ᨱᕽ᮹⮱
⧕ᕾᮥ☖⦽ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᯕ⦥⦹݅. ࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹⮱᧲ᔢ
ᮡᅙඹᨱእ⦹ᩍᙹᝍᯕ᯲Ł⮱ᨱݡ⦽ᱡ⧎ᯕ⍅ᕽᅙඹ᮹
⮱ŝ۵ฯᮡ₉ᯕaᯩᮝအಽ2₉ᬱᙹ⊹⧕ᕾᯕၵ௭Ḣ⦽äᮝಽ
ᱽᦩࡹŁ ᯩ݅(Sato et al., 1989).
ǎԕᨱᕽ 2₉ᬱ ᙹ⊹༉⩶᮹ ᱢᬊᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍಽ۵ ݡᇡᇥᯕ
RMA-2ӹRiver2D ၰCCHE-2D᪡zᮡ᪅ʑe࠺ᦩᱢᬊᖒᯕ
á᷾ࡽᔢᬊ༉⩶᮹ᱢᬊᯕᵝෝᯕŁᯩᮝ໑༉⩶ᮥ}ၽ⦹ᩍ
݅᧲⦽ᝅ⨹ᙹಽၰᯱᩑ⦹ᨱᱢᬊ⦽ᩑǍࠥᯩ݅. Yoon (1982) ᯕ bb⧎อԕ ☁ᔍᯕ࠺ ᩩ⊂ŝ݉໕ ɪ⪶ݡᨱ ᮹⦽⮱ᩢ⨆
ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ʑ᭥⧕ᱢᬊ⦹ᩡŁ, Lee et al. (1996)ᮡᮁ⦽ℕᱢჶᮥ
ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ}ᙹಽ⇶ᗭᇡ᮹ᙹญ✚ᖒᮥᩑǍ⦹ᩡŁ, Kim (2002)ᮡ
⦽v⦹ඹᇡ᮹᳑ᕾ᮹ᩢ⨆ᮥၼ۵ᝁłᙹᵲᅕᔢ⦹ඹḡᩎᮥᵲᝍ ᮝಽ⩥ᰆ᳑ᔍ᪡ᙹ⊹⧕ᕾᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍḡᩎ᮹ᙹญ✚ᖒᮥá☁⦹
ᩡᮝ໑, Yong (2003)ᮡRMA-2 ༉⩶ᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍᅖᰂ⦽ᯱᩑḡ⩶
ᯕӹ⮱ᯕɪᄡ⦹۵ḡᩎᨱᕽ᮹⮱᧲ᔢᮥǍℕᱢᮝಽ⢽⩥⦹
ᩡ݅. ੱ⦽, Kim et al. (2009)ᮡᯱᩑ⦹ᨱᕽษ/ᱷᮭᮥญෝ
᭥⦽ᮁ⦽ᗭʑၹ᮹ĊᯱᰍǍᖒʑჶᮥ}ၽ⦹ᩍᱢᬊ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, Ahn et al. (2009)ᮡ⦽v⦹Ǎḡᩎ᮹Ǎ᳑ྜྷᖅ⊹ᨱ᮹⦽ᙹญ✚ᖒ
ᮥ ᇥᕾ⦽ ၵ ᯩ݅(Choi et al., 2011). Seo᪡ Song (2010)ᮡ
GalerkinჶᨱɝÑ⦽ᙹ⮱⧕ᕾ༉⩶ᮥ}ၽ⦹ᩍ, ᝅ⨹ᝅᔍ⧪
ᙹಽ᮹อłᇡᙹ⊹༉᮹᪡12}᮹ᱱᄡ⪵ඹᙹ໕łᖁ༉᮹ᨱᱢᬊ
⦽ၵᯩᮝ໑, Seo᪡Song (2010)ᮡᙹ⮱ᙹ⊹༉᮹᮹ᔢඹ݉
Ğĥ᳑Õᮝಽᇡᩍࡹ۵ᮁ᯦ᮁᗮ ⩶ᔢᮥᄁ┡ᇥ⡍॒ᮥᯕᬊ⧕
݅᧲⦹í᯦ಆ⧁ᙹᯩ۵ႊჶᮥᱽᦩ⦹ᩡŁ, SongŝSeo (2012)ᮡ
SU/PG ʑჶᮥᯕᬊ⧕ᯕᘂᯕḡ႑ᱢᯙᯕඹၰFr=2.7 ᯕᔢ᮹
ᔍඹ⮱ᮥᙹ⊹༉᮹⦽ၵᯩ݅. ੱ⦽Song ॒(2012)ᮡᇥᔑ᮲ಆ
}ֱᮥ᯦ࠥ⦹ᩍᯱᩑ⦹อłᇡᨱᕽၽᔾ⦹۵ᯕ₉ඹ᮹3₉ᬱᱢ
ᮁᗮǍ᳑ෝ2₉ᬱ࠺ᙹᩎ⦺ᙹ⊹༉᮹ᨱၹᩢ⦹ᩍԉvݱ⦹ඹᇡᨱ
ᱢᬊ⦽ᔍಡaᯩᮝ໑, Seo᪡Song (2012)ᮡᙹ⠪2₉ᬱ⮱༉᮹
ԕᇡĞĥ᳑ÕᨱෙǍ᳑ྜྷᵝᄡᨱᕽ᮹᪡ࠥ, ᮁᗮၰᙹᝍ
ᇥ⡍ෝ እƱ⦽ ᩑǍෝ ᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅.
ǎᨱᕽ۵ Adeff᪡ Wang (1985)ᯕ ⦹ࠥ ⧕ᕾᮥ ᭥⧕ᕽ
qᙁ⩶ᮁ⦽ᗭʑჶᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ⧕ᕾ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, Ali᪡Ben (1981)
ᮡ₉ᇥႊᱶᮥᯕᬊ⦽༉ߙಽ៉⦹᮹⮱ᯕᔢඹ⮱ᔢ┽ᨱ ᕽ⧊ඹᱱᯕḡඹᨱၙ⊹۵ᩢ⨆ᨱݡ⦹ᩍᩑǍ⦹ᩡŁ, Vreugdenhul ŝWijbenga (1982)۵ADI(Alternating-Direction-Implicit)ʑ ჶᮥᮁ⦽₉ᇥ⧕ᕾჶᨱᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ⪮ᙹ⦹᮹2₉ᬱ⮱⧕ᕾᮥ
ᝅ⦹ᩡŁ, Choi (1991)۵⦹ᨱᕽ⧊ඹᱱᨱᕽ᮹⮱ᄡ⪵ෝ
ᩑǍ⦽ၵᯩ݅. ᯕ్⦽2₉ᬱᙹ⊹⧕ᕾᮡᵝಽᅙඹ᮹⮱⧕ᕾᨱ
ݡ⦽ ᩑǍa ᯕᨕ Ჭᮥ ᐱ ࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹ ᙹญ⦺ᱢ ᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᨱ
ݡ⦽ ᩑǍ۵ ၙḥ⦽ ᝅᱶᯕ݅.
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ၙǎ᮹USGS(ၙǎḡḩ᳑ᔍǎ)᪡ᯝᅙ᮹RIC (⬸⋕ᯕࠥ ⦹ ႊᰍᖝ░)ᨱᕽ Ŗ࠺ }ၽ⦽ iRIC ԕᨱ ┲ᰍࡽ
ษ/ᱷᮭญaa܆⦽2₉ᬱᇡᱶඹ⮱⧕ᕾ༉⩶ᯙFaSTMECH
ෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ⪮ᙹ░ᨱᕽ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅. ݅᧲⦽
⊽ᙹᖅॅᯕ᳑ᖒࡹᨕᯩ۵vᱶŁಚᅕ᪡ݍᖒᅕᔍᯕෝ༉᮹Ǎ eᮝಽᖁᱶ⦹ᩍ┽⣮ᔑၵᨱ᮹⧕℉ࢱ⪮ᙹపᯕၽᔾ⦽ᱱᮥ
ᱥ⬥ಽⅾ42eᨱÙ⊽ᙹ⊹༉᮹ෝᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ᯕෝ☖⧕⪮ᙹ
ࢵ⊹ԕᨱ᭥⊹⦽⊽ᙹᖅᯕ⋉ᙹࡹ۵eၰ⋉ᙹᝍ, əญŁ
ᯕᨱ ෙ ᮁᗮ ၰ ᱥ݉ಆ ॒ᮥ ᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅.
2. FaSTMECH༉⩶}
FaSTMECH(Flow and Sediment Transport with Mechanical Evolution of Channels) ༉⩶ᮡၙǎ᮹USGS᪡ᯝᅙ᮹RICᨱᕽ
Ŗ࠺}ၽ⦽iRIC ԕᨱ┲ᰍࡽ2₉ᬱ⮱⧕ᕾ༉⩶ᮝಽᇡᱶඹ
⧕ᕾŝษ/ᱷᮭญaa܆⦹݅. ᮁᔍᯕᘂŝ⦹ᔢᄡ࠺ᖒᇥᮥ
☖⧊⦹۵༉ऩłᖁ᳭⢽ĥs, n, əญŁz᮹ႊ⨆ᨱݡ⦽ḡ႑ႊᱶ
ᮡ ݅ᮭŝ z݅(Nelson and McDonald, 1996).
ćÎ à §Î
ćŞƓ à ćŞƑ ÞÎ à§ß«Ɣ
â ćŞƌŞƔ â ćŞƕ áתƘ (1)
ćÎà §Ɠ
ćŞƓ âƔŞƑ ćŞƌŞƓ âƕćŞƘŞƓ àćÞÎà §ß«ƓƔ á ćÎà §
à ƅ ćŞ âŞƑ ćŇÎ ƙ Ɯƚć
Îà §Î ćŞƑ
ŞʼnƑƑ â ćŞƌ
ŞʼnƌƑ â ćŞƘ
ŞʼnƘƑ
à ÏćÞÎà §ß«
ʼnƌƑ ƛ Ɲƞ
(2)
ćÎ à §Ɠ
ćŞƑŞƔ âƔćŞƌŞƓ âƕćŞƘŞƔ à ćÞÎ à §ß«ƓÏ á à ƅćŞ â ćŞƌ ŇÎ ƙ
Ɯƚć
Î à §Î ćŞƑ
ŞʼnƌƑ
â ćŞƌ Şʼnƌƌ
â ćŞƘ ŞʼnƘƌ
â ćÞÎ à§ß«
ʼnƑƑà ʼnƌƌƛ Ɲƞ
(3)
× á ćŇÎ
ćŞƘŞƎ àƅ (4)
Fig. 1. Study Reach (HEC-RAS)
Fig. 2. Photographs of Region A and B in Fig. 1(after Typhoon Sanba; Sep. 19, 2012) ᩍʑᕽ, u, v, w۵bb⦹ඹႊ⨆, ⬂ႊ⨆, əญŁᩑḢႊ⨆ᖒ
ᇥᯕ݅. E۵ ᙹ໕׳ᯕᯕŁ, Rᮡ ᙹಽ ᵲᝍᖁ᮹ łශၹĞᯕ݅.
Î à § á Î à ƌî« (Nelson et al., 2006)ᮡłᖁ᳭⢽ĥಽ᳑⧊ࡽ
⦹ඹᇡÑญᯕ݅.ʼnƑƑ,ʼnƌƑ,ʼnƘƑ,ʼnƌƌ,ʼnƘƌ,ʼnƘƘᮡbb⠙⨆᮲ಆ▱ᕽ (deviatoric stress tensors)᮹ᗭᖒᇥᯕ݅. (5)ᨱӹ┡ԙၵ᪡
zᯕᯱᩑ⦹ᨱᕽ᮹ᱱᖒ᮲ಆᮡ౩ᯕסᷩ᮲ಆŝእƱ⦹ᩍᯝၹ ᱢᮝಽ ᩢ⨆ᯕ ᱢᮝ໑ ྕ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅(Nelson et al., 2003).
ʼnƑƑá ÏҤ
Þ
ćÎ à §ÎćŞƑŞ àćÞÎ à§ß«Ɣ
ß
, ʼnƌƌá ÏҤÞ
ćŞƌŞƔß
,ʼnƘƑá Ҥ
Þ
ćÎ à §ÎćŞƕ â ćŞƑ ŞƓŞƘ
ß
ʼnƘƘá ÏҤ
Þ
ćŞƕŞƘß
, ʼnƘƌá ҤÞ
ćŞƕ â ćŞƖ ŞƘŞƔß
,ʼnƌƑá Ҥ
Þ
ćÎ à §ÎćŞƑŞƔ âćÞÎ à §ß«Ɠ
â ćŞƌŞƓ
ß
(5)3. ༉⩶᮹ᱢᬊ
3.1 ۩ঃ֜ԩ෮จ
┽⣮ᔍᔢࢵ⊹᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ʑᨱᦿᕽᅙᩑǍᨱ ᕽ ༉᮹ෝ ᭥⧕ ᖁᱶ⦽ FaSTMECH ༉⩶ŝ 1₉ᬱ HEC-RAS
༉⩶ᮥᝅᱽᮁᩎᨱݡ⦹ᩍᙹ⊹༉᮹ෝᙹ⧪⦹Ł, ⪮ᙹᙹ᭥ᄡ⪵
ᨱ ݡ⦽ ᝅ⊂⊹᪡ እƱ⧉ᮝಽ៉ FaSTMECH ༉⩶᮹ ᱢᬊᖒᮥ
á☁⦹Łᯱ⦹ᩡ݅. ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽᙹ⊹༉⩶᮹á᷾ᮥ᭥⧕ᖁᱶ⦽
ݡᔢᮁᩎᮡݡǍݍᖒǑ⪵ᬱᮮᨱ᭥⊹⦽⪵ᬱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭᇡ░ݡ ǍݍᖒǑ⩥⣮໕ᨱ᭥⊹⦽⩥⣮ᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭʭḡ᧞18 kmᨱᯕ
۵Ǎeᯕ݅. Fig. 1ᨱ༉᮹Ǎe᮹⠪໕ࠥ᪡Ӻ࠺v⦹ᱶእʑᅙĥ
⫮᮹⊂పᯱഭෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍǍ⇶⦽HEC-RAS᮹ḡ⩶ᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ ᮝ໑, ༉᮹Ǎeԕᨱ۵⌁⦲ᰆ, ᙹᄡߑⓍ, ᯙŖḡəญŁŖᬱŝ
zᮡ݅᧲⦽⊽ᙹᖅॅᯕ᭥⊹⦹Łᯩ۵äᮥᙹᯩ݅. á᷾ᮥ
᭥⦽ᱢᬊ ᔍᔢᮝಽ ┽⣮‘ᔑၵ’ ԕ᮹ ⪮ᙹෝ ᖁᱶ⦹ᩡ݅.
┽⣮ᔑၵ۵2012֥9ᬵ11ᯝ᪅ᱥ9ᨱ⦥ญ⦡ษܱ࠺ԉ࠺
1,530 km ⧕ᔢᨱᕽၽᔾ⦹ᩡᮝ໑┽⣮ᔢයᱥ⬥ಽḲᵲ⪙ᬑa
࠺ၹࡹᨕ ⓑ ⦝⧕a ၽᔾ⧩݅. Fig. 2۵ Fig. 1ᨱ ⢽⦽ A᪡
Bḡᱱᨱᕽ┽⣮ᔑၵᯕ⬥ݍᖒᅕᨱ᭥⊹⦽Ŗᬱŝ⪙ᦩᨱᕽ᮹
⩥ᰆᔍḥᮥӹ┡ԙäᮝಽ┽⣮ᨱ᮹⧕ ⪙ᦩᮁᝅŝŖᬱᨱᕽ᮹
☁ᔍ♕ᱢᯕ ၽᔾࡽ äᮥ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
3.2 ࡦଭէրଭՑஹ
ᙹ⊹༉⩶᮹á᷾ᮥ᭥⦹ᩍ2012֥9ᬵ17ᯝ11ᨱᕽ2012֥
9ᬵ19ᯝ05ʭḡ℉ࢱ⪮ᙹపᯕၽᔾ⦽ᱥ⬥ಽ⦹ᩍⅾ42eᨱ
Ùℱ HEC-RAS ᇡᱶඹ༉᮹ෝ ᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ᔢඹ݉ Ğĥ᳑Õᮡ
Ӻ࠺v⪮ᙹ☖ᱽᗭᨱᕽᱽŖ⦹۵⪵ᬱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭḡᱱ᮹ᮁపs
(Ӻ࠺vᙹĥᅙඹᮁప⊂ᱶ᳑ᔍᅕŁᕽ(2003)ᨱᕽᱽࡽᙹ᭥ᮁ
పšĥłᖁª á ÎÔ×ÓíÒÒÒÑ¡×íÒÕÓÔᨱ᮹⧕ᔑᱶࡽs)ᮥᯕᬊ⦹
Table 1. Parameters Used in HEC-RAS Simulation
Parameter Value
Manning’s n Values
LOB 0.023
Channel 0.023
ROB 0.023
Coefficients Contraction 0.1 Expansion 0.3
Fig. 3. Boundary Condition for HEC-RAS (Sep. 17, 2012 ~ Sep. 19, 2012)
Fig. 4. Verification of WSE at Goryeong Bridge (HEC-RAS)
Fig. 5. Study Reach and Finite Element (FaSTMECH)
Table 2. Parameters Used in FaSTMECH Simulation
Parameter Value
Constant Roughness Value 0.023 Lateral Eddy Viscosity 0.45
Fig. 6. Boundary Condition for FaSTMECH (Sep. 17, 2012 ~ Sep. 19, 2012)
ᩡᮝ໑, ⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᮡ⩥⣮ᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭ᮹ᝅ⊂ᙹ᭥sᮥᯕ ᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ⦹ʑᅙĥ⫮᮹݉໕ᯱഭෝ☖⧕ݍᖒᅕǍ᳑ྜྷᮥၹᩢ
⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ༉᮹ʑe࠺ᦩa࠺ᅕෝ☖⦽ᬵඹaĥᗮḥ⧪ࡽ݅۵
aᱶ⦹ᨱ༉᮹ෝᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. ᳑ࠥĥᙹ۵Ӻ࠺v⦹ᱶእʑᅙĥ
⫮ᕽᨱᕽᱽࡽ0.023ᮥᔢᙹಽ᯦ಆ⦹ᩡ݅. Table 1ᨱHEC- RAS ༉᮹ᨱ ᯕᬊ⦽ ᵝ ๅ}ᄡᙹෝ ӹ┡ԕᨩᮝ໑, Fig. 3ᮡ
ᅙ ᙹ⊹༉᮹ᨱ ᔍᬊࡽ Ğĥ᳑Õᮥ ӹ┡ԕᨩ݅.
Fig. 4۵ŁಚƱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭ᮹ᝅ⊂ᙹ᭥sŝHEC-RAS ༉⩶
᮹༉᮹đŝෝእƱ⦽äᯕ݅. HEC-RAS ༉᮹ᙹ⧪ᮥ᭥⦽ĥᔑ
eeĊᮡ10ᇥ, ⅾ༉᮹eᮡ42eᮝಽ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ༉⩶᮹ᱶ
⪶ᖒᮥ ⠪a⦹ʑ ᭥⦽ ☖ĥḡ⢽ಽ đᱶĥᙹ(R2), ᱩݡ⠪Ɂ᪅₉ (AME), ⠪ɁᱽŒ᪅₉᮹ ⠪ႊɝ(RMSE), ᮁ᮹⪶ශ(P-value)ෝ
ᔍᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ᝅ⊂sŝ š⊂s᮹ እƱđŝ R2۵ 0.988, AME۵
0.208, RMSE۵ 0.239᮹ ᔢššĥෝ aḡŁ ᯩᨩᮝ໑, ᮁ᮹ᙹ ᵡ0.01ᅕ݅P-value᮹sᯕԏíӹ┡ӹȡྕaᖅᮥʑb⦹í
ࡹအಽ, ☖ĥᱢᮝಽᔢššĥaᯩ݅Łӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕෝၵ┶ᮝಽ
HEC-RAS᮹༉᮹đŝෝࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᇥᕾᮥ᭥⦽
2₉ᬱ⮱༉⩶᮹⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᮝಽᔍᬊ⦹ʑᨱᱢ⧊⦹݅Ł
❱݉⦹ᩡ݅.
2₉ᬱ༉⩶᮹á᷾ᮥ᭥⧕vᱶŁಚᅕ⦹ඹᨱ᭥⊹⦽⪵ᬱᙹ
᭥š⊂ᗭᨱᕽᇡ░ݍᖒᅕḢᔢඹǍeʭḡ᧞15 kmෝᖁᱶ⦹ᩡ
݅. Fig. 5ᨱᱢᬊݡᔢᮁᩎ᮹⠪໕ࠥ᪡ᙹ⊹ḡ⩶ࠥ᮹⊂పᯱഭෝ
ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍǍᖒ⦽2₉ᬱᮁ⦽ᗭᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅. FaSTMECH
༉⩶ᮡᔍbĊᯱᮝಽอ༉᮹aa܆⦹ʑভྙᨱᮁ⦽ᗭᮡ
ⅾ 23,550}᮹ ᔍbĊᯱಽ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩡ݅.
༉⩶᮹ᔢඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᮡᦿᖁ༉᮹᪡࠺ᯝ⦽eݡᨱӺ࠺
v⪮ᙹ☖ᱽᗭᨱᕽᱽŖ⦹۵⪵ᬱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭḡᱱ᮹ ᮁపsᮥ
ᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ⦹ḡอ⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᖁᱶᮥ᭥⦽ᝅ⊂sᯕ᳕ᰍ
⦹ḡᦫʑভྙᨱá᷾ࡽHEC-RAS᮹ᙹ᭥đŝෝ⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑
(a) Sep. 17 (11:00) (b) Sep. 17 (18:00) (c) Sep. 18 (01:00)
(d) Sep. 18 (08:00) (e) Sep. 18 (15:00) (f) Sep. 18 (22:00) Fig. 8. Variation of Water Surface Elevation During Typhoon Sanba
Fig. 7. Verification of WSE at Goryeong Bridge (FaSTMECH) Õᮝಽᔍᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. FastMECH ༉⩶ᨱᕽ۵ᇡᱶඹ༉᮹ෝᙹ⧪
⧉ᨱᯩᨕᕽᯝᱶeษ݅ᱶᔢᔢ┽ෝaᱶ⦹ᩍᙹ⊹⧕ෝᙹಕ
┅໑, ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵3e30ᇥษ݅ᵡᇡᱶඹ༉᮹ෝᙹ⧪⦹ᩍ
ⅾ42eᮥ༉᮹⦹ᩡ݅. ੱ⦽, ᳑ࠥĥᙹ۵Ӻ࠺v⦹ʑᅙĥ⫮ᨱ ᕽᱽࡽ0.023ᮥᔢᙹಽ᯦ಆ⦹ᩡ݅(MLTM, 2009). Table 2ᨱ
FaSTMECHᨱݡ⦽ᵝๅ}ᄡᙹෝᙹಾ⦹ᩡŁ, Fig. 6ᨱ2₉ᬱ
༉⩶᮹ Ğĥ᳑Õᮥ ࠥ⦹ᩡ݅.
2₉ᬱ ༉⩶᮹ ༉᮹ ᙹ⧪đŝෝ á᷾⦹ʑ ᭥⧕ ݡᔢǍeԕ᮹
ŁಚƱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭ᮹ᝅ⊂ᙹ᭥ෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍá᷾ᮥᝅ⦹ᩡ݅.
Fig. 7ᨱ༉ߙ᮹eᨱෙᙹ᭥đŝ᪡ᝅ⊂sᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ݅.
ᙹ⊹ ༉᮹đŝ᪡ ŁಚƱᨱᕽ᮹ ᝅ⊂ ᙹ᭥s᮹ እƱđŝ R2۵
0.990, AME۵0.195, RMSE۵0.252᮹ᔢššĥෝᅕᩡᮝ໑,
ᮁ᮹ᙹᵡ0.01ᅕ݅P-value᮹sᯕԏíӹ┡ӹȡྕaᖅᮥʑb⦹
íࡹအಽ, ☖ĥᱢᮝಽᔢššĥaᯩ݅Łӹ┡ԍ݅. ᕽ༉᮹Ǎ eᨱ ݡ⦽ FaSTMECH ༉⩶᮹ ᱢᬊᖒᯕ ׳݅Ł ❱݉ࡹᨩ݅.
4. vᬑᨱ᮹⦽ࢵ⊹⊽ᙹᖅ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆
á᷾ࡽ2₉ᬱᙹ⊹༉⩶ᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ┽⣮ᔍᔢvᱶŁಚᅕ
⦹ඹᨱᕽݍᖒᅕḢᔢඹǍeʭḡᇡᱶඹ༉᮹ෝᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. e ᨱෙ॒ᙹ᭥ࠥᄡ⪵ෝӹ┡ԙFig. 8ಽᇡ░ษ/ᱷᮭᯕᱢᱩ⦹
í༉᮹ࡹŁᯩᮝ໑, ℉ࢱ⪮ᙹపᯕၽᔾ⦽ʑᨱݡᇡᇥ᮹ࢵ⊹ᨱ ᕽ ⋉ᙹa ၽᔾ⦽ äᮥ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
(a) Sep. 17 (11:00) (b) Sep. 17 (18:00) (c) Sep. 18 (01:00)
(d) Sep. 18 (08:00) (e) Sep. 18 (15:00) (f) Sep. 18 (22:00) Fig. 10. Velocity Vector at Two Points During Typhoon Sanba
Fig. 9. Analysis Points
༉᮹ࡽđŝෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍFig. 9᪡zᯕࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢ
ᩢ⨆ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ʑ᭥⧕༉᮹Ǎeᔢඹᬑᦩᨱ᭥⊹⦽ᮡ⧪ӹྕ⌁⦲
ᰆŝݍᖒᅕᔢඹ᳭ᦩᨱ᭥⊹⦽Ŗᬱᮥᖁᱶ⦹ᩍ, ࢱḡᱱᨱᕽ᮹
┽⣮ ᔍᔢ eᨱ ෙ ᙹ᭥ᄡ⪵᪡ ᮁᗮᄡ⪵ ၰ ᱥ݉᮲ಆᮥ
ᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅.
Fig. 10ᮡࢱḡᱱᇡɝᨱᕽ᮹eᨱෙᮁᗮᄂ░ෝӹ┡ԙ
əฝᯕ݅. ᵝᙹಽԕ᮹⮱ᯕࢵ⊹ʭḡ₉⋉ᙹaࡹŁᯕᨱ
ෙ ⋉ᙹ ᮁᗮᯕ ၽᔾ⦹۵ äᮥ Fig. 10(c)᪡ (d)ᨱᕽ ⪶ᯙ⧁
ᙹᯩᮝ໑, ᯕ⬥əฝᨱᕽ۵⋉ᙹᝍᯕqᗭ⧉ᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁ᙹᯩ݅.
ࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹↽ݡᮁᗮᮡ0.4 m/s ԕᯕŁ⋉ᙹࡽݡᇡᇥ᮹ḡᱱᨱ ᕽ۵ᯕᅕ݅⭉ᦍԏᮡᮁᗮᯕšₑࡹအಽ, ࢱḡᱱᨱᕽ⋉ᅕ݅۵
☁ᔍ♕ᱢ᮹ ၽᔾᯕ ᬒ ྙᱽa ࢁ ᙹ ᯩ݅Ł ❱݉ࡽ݅.
Fig. 11ᮡࢱḡᱱᨱᕽ᮹eᨱෙᙹ᭥ᄡ⪵ෝӹ┡ԙəฝᯕ
݅. ᇪᮡᖁᮡb ḡᱱᨱᕽ᮹ḡ⩶ၵ݆᮹⢽Łෝ ӹ┡ԙäᮝಽ, ၵ݆᮹⢽Łᅕ݅ ᙹ᭥a ׳ᮥভ b ḡᱱᨱᕽ⋉ᙹa ၽᔾ⦹í
ࡽ݅. ݡఖ17ᯝ1130ᇥᇡ░⋉ᙹaࡹᨕ18ᯝ01ᨱaᰆ
(a) Point 1 (b) Point 2 Fig. 11. Change of Water Surface Elevation on Flood Plain (Sep. 17, 2012 ~ Sep. 19, 2012) Table 3. Time Variation of Inundation Depth, Velocity and Shear Stress
Time Point 1 Point 2
Inundation (m) Velocity (m/s) Shear Stress (N/m2) Inundation (m) Velocity (m/s) Shear Stress (N/m2)
11:00 - - - - - -
14:30 0.049 0.001 0.000 - - -
18:00 1.612 0.041 0.008 0.834 0.159 0.283
21:30 2.874 0.339 0.440 2.283 0.372 1.143
01:00 3.249 0.402 0.594 2.714 0.423 1.369
04:30 3.157 0.383 0.546 2.624 0.408 1.294
08:00 2.803 0.321 0.400 2.247 0.358 1.067
11:30 2.162 0.163 0.114 1.543 0.272 0.736
15:00 1.437 0.051 0.013 0.739 0.185 0.357
18:30 0.697 0.033 0.008 - - -
22:00 - - - - - -
01:30 - - - - - -
05:00 - - - - - -
(a) Point 1 (b) Point 2
Fig. 12. Changes of Velocity and Inundation on Flood Plain (Sep. 17, 2012 ~ Sep. 19, 2012)
׳ᮡᙹ᭥ෝᅕᩡ݅. Point 1ᨱᕽ۵18ᯝ22ᯕ⬥ᇡ░۵ᙹ᭥a
ḡ⩶ᅕ݅ԏᦥᲭᮝ໑, Point 2ᨱᕽ۵18ᯝ18ᯕ⬥ᨱᙹ᭥a
ԏᦥḥäᮝಽӹ┡ӹࢱḡᱱ༉ࢱ┽⣮ᔑၵভ24eᯕᔢ
⋉ᙹࡽ äᮥ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
Table 3ᨱ eᨱ ෙ ⋉ᙹᝍŝ ᮁᗮ ၰ ᱥ݉᮲ಆ đŝෝ
ӹ┡ԕᨩŁ, Fig. 12ᮡeᨱෙ⋉ᙹᝍŝᮁᗮ᮹ᄡ⪵ෝӹ┡ԙ
݅. Point 1ᨱᕽ᮹ ⋉ᙹᝍŝ ᮁᗮᮡ 18ᯝ 1ᨱ aᰆ ׳ᮡ 3.2 m᪡ 0.40 m/sෝ ᅕᩡᮝ໑, Point 2ᨱࠥ ษ₍aḡಽ zᮡ e
(a) Point 1 (b) Point 2 Fig. 13. Changes of Velocity and Shear Stress on Flood Plain (Sep. 17, 2012 ~ Sep. 19, 2012)
aᰆ׳ᮡ2.6 m᪡0.42 m/sಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ࢱḡᱱ༉ࢱ⋉ᙹᝍ᮹
᷾aᨱᮁᗮᯕ᷾a⧩ᮝ໑, ⦹ඹǍeᯙPoint 2ᨱᕽ᮹⋉ᙹᝍ ᨱ ෙ ᮁᗮᯕ Point 1ᅕ݅ ݅ᗭ ׳ᮡ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅.
Fig. 13ᨱeᨱෙ⋉ᙹᝍŝᱥ݉᮲ಆ᮹ᄡ⪵ෝӹ┡ԕᨩ
݅. FaSTMECH ༉⩶ᮡ ๅ ĥᔑ eษ݅ Ċᯱᄥಽ ᱥ݉ಆᮥ
ʼná ŇƂÞƓÏâƔÏß ᨱ᮹⧕ĥᔑ⦹ᩍ⇽ಆ⦹အಽᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵
ᯕsᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. Point 1ŝPoint 2ᨱᕽaᰆ׳ᮡ⋉ᙹᝍᯕ
ӹ┡ԁভ, ᱥ݉᮲ಆᮡbb0.59 N/m2, 1.37 N/m2ಽӹ┡ԍᮝ໑, ࢱ ḡᱱ ༉ࢱ ⋉ᙹᝍᯕ ᷾a⧉ᨱ ᱥ݉᮲ಆᯕ ᷾a⦹ᩡ݅.
ੱ⦽, ⦹ඹǍeᯙPoint 2ᨱᕽ᮹⋉ᙹᝍᨱෙᱥ݉᮲ಆᯕPoint 1ḡᱱᅕ݅݅ᗭ׳ᮡäᮝಽӹ┡ԍᮝ໑, Point 1ᨱᕽ⋉ᙹᝍᯕ
ԏᮡ Ŕᨱᕽ۵ ᱥ݉᮲ಆᯕ Ñ᮹ ӹ┡ӹḡ ᦫᦹ݅.
ᯕᔢᨱᕽ, ɚ⦽vᬑᔍᔢ⪮ᙹ░ԕᨱ᭥⊹⧕ᯩ۵⌁⦲ᰆŝ
ᔾ┽Ŗᬱ॒ŝzᮡ⊽ᙹᖅᯕ⋉ᙹࡹ۵eၰ⋉ᙹᝍ, ⋉ᙹ
ᮁᗮၰᱥ݉ಆ॒ᮥ2₉ᬱᇡᱶඹ༉⩶ᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍᇥᕾ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᯕ۵ ࢵ⊹ᨱᖅ⊹ࡽ ⊽ᙹᖅॅ᮹ ⬉ᮉᱢᮁḡ ၰ šญෝ᭥⦽
ᙹญ⦺ᱢ ᯱഭಽ ⪽ᬊࢁ ᙹ ᯩ݅Ł ❱݉ࡽ݅.
5. đು
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵2₉ᬱ༉⩶᮹ᙹ⊹༉᮹đŝෝᝅ⊂ᙹ᭥᪡እƱ
⦹ᩍ༉⩶᮹ᱢᬊᖒᮥ᯦᷾⦹ᩡᮝ໑, á᷾ࡽ༉⩶ᮥ༉᮹Ǎeᨱ
ᱢᬊ⦹ᩍ┽⣮ᔍᔢࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅.
ᅙ ᩑǍ᮹ ᩑǍ đŝෝ ᧞⦹໕ ݅ᮭŝ z݅.
(1) ༉᮹Ǎeᨱ ݡ⦽ FaSTMECH ༉⩶᮹ ᱢᬊᨱ ᦿᕽ ༉⩶᮹
⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᮥᇡᩍ⦹ʑ᭥⧕1₉ᬱᔢᬊ༉⩶ᯙHEC- RAS᮹ᙹ᭥đŝෝŁಚƱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭ᮹ᝅ⊂ᙹ᭥᪡እƱ⦹
ᩡ݅. əđŝR2sᮡ0.988, AME۵0.208, RMSE۵0.239 ᮹ᔢššĥෝᅕᩡᮝ໑, ᮁ᮹ᙹᵡ0.01ᅕ݅P-value᮹sᯕ
ԏíӹ┡ӹȡྕaᖅᮥʑb⦹íࡹအಽ, ☖ĥᱢᮝಽᔢšš
ĥaᯩ݅Łӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕෝၵ┶ᮝಽHEC-RAS᮹༉᮹đŝ
ෝ2₉ᬱ༉⩶᮹⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᮝಽᔍᬊ⦹ʑᨱᱢ⧊⦹݅Ł
❱݉ࡹᨩ݅.
(2) 2₉ᬱ ༉⩶᮹ á᷾ᮥ ᭥⧕ ┽⣮ ᔑၵᨱ ᮹⧕ ℉ࢱ⪮ᙹపᯕ
ၽᔾ⦽ᱱᮥᱥ⬥ಽ⦹ᩍⅾ42eᨱÙℱᇡᱶඹ༉᮹ෝ
ᝅ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ⦹ඹ݉Ğĥ᳑Õᮡᦿᕽᔍᬊ⦽HEC-RAS᮹
ᙹ᭥đŝෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ༉᮹đŝෝŁಚƱᙹ᭥š⊂ᗭ᮹ᝅ⊂
ᙹ᭥᪡እƱ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, əđŝR2sᮡ0.990, AME۵0.195, RMSE۵0.252᮹ᔢššĥෝᅕᩡ݅. ੱ⦽, ᮁ᮹ᙹᵡ0.01ᅕ
݅P-value᮹sᯕԏíӹ┡ӹȡྕaᖅᮥʑb⦹íࡹအಽ,
☖ĥᱢᮝಽᔢššĥaᯩ݅Łӹ┡ԍ݅. ᕽ, ༉᮹Ǎeᨱ
ݡ⦽ FaSTMECH ༉⩶᮹ ᱢᬊᖒᮥ ᯦᷾⦹ᩡ݅.
(3) ┽⣮ᔍᔢࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹ᙹญ⦺ᱢᩢ⨆ᮥᇥᕾ⦹ʑ᭥⧕á᷾
ࡽ2₉ᬱ༉⩶ᮥᱢᬊ⦹ᩡ݅. ༉᮹Ǎeᔢඹᬑᦩᨱ᭥⊹⦽
ᮡ⧪ӹྕ⌁⦲ᰆŝ ݍᖒᅕ ᔢඹ ᳭ᦩᨱ ᭥⊹⦽ Ŗᬱᮥ ᖁᱶ
⦹ᩍ, ࢱḡᱱᨱᕽ᮹eᨱෙᙹ᭥, ᮁᗮၰᱥ݉᮲ಆ᮹
ᄡ⪵ෝᇥᕾ⦹ᩡ݅. əđŝࢱḡᱱ༉ࢱ┽⣮ᔑၵভ24e
ᯕᔢ ⋉ᙹࡽ äᮥ ᙹ ᯩᨩ݅. ੱ⦽, ࢱ ḡᱱ ༉ࢱ zᮡ
eᨱaᰆ׳ᮡ⋉ᙹᝍŝᮁᗮəญŁᱥ݉᮲ಆᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ Ł, ⦹ඹǍeᨱ ᭥⊹⦽ Point 2ᨱᕽ ⋉ᙹᝍᨱ ෙ ᮁᗮŝ
ᱥ݉᮲ಆᯕ Point 1 ᅕ݅ ݅ᗭ ׳ᮡ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅.
(4) ࢵ⊹ᨱᕽ᮹↽ݡᮁᗮᮡ0.4 m/s ԕᯕŁ⋉ᙹࡽݡᇡᇥ᮹
ḡᱱᨱᕽ۵ᯕᅕ݅⭉ᦍԏᮡᮁᗮᯕšₑࡹအಽ, ࢱḡᱱᨱᕽ
⋉ᅕ݅۵☁ᔍ♕ᱢ᮹ၽᔾᯕᬒྙᱽaࢁᙹᯩ݅Ł❱݉
ࡽ݅.
(5) ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ɚ⦽vᬑᔍᔢ⪮ᙹ░ԕᨱ᭥⊹⧕ᯩ۵
⌁⦲ᰆŝᔾ┽Ŗᬱ॒ŝzᮡ⊽ᙹᖅᯕ⋉ᙹࡹ۵eၰ
⋉ᙹᝍ, ⋉ᙹᮁᗮၰᱥ݉ಆ॒ᮥ2₉ᬱᇡᱶඹ༉⩶ᮥᯕᬊ⦹
ᩍᇥᕾ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᯕ۵ࢵ⊹ᨱᖅ⊹ࡽ⊽ᙹᖅॅ᮹⬉ᮉᱢ
ᮁḡၰšญෝ᭥⦽ᙹญ⦺ᱢʑⅩᯱഭಽ⪽ᬊࢁᙹᯩ݅Ł
❱݉ࡽ݅.
qᔍ᮹ɡ
ᅙᩑǍ۵ǎ☁Ʊ☖ᇡÕᖅʑᚁ⩢ᝁᔍᨦ᮹ᩑǍእḡᬱ(11-ʑ ᚁ⩢ᝁ-C06)ᨱ᮹⧕ᙹ⧪ࡹᨩᮝ໑, ᯕ᪡zᮡḡᬱᨱqᔍऽพܩ݅.
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