ଫ ㎷㩑㸡㗨 ପ
䇲䋰ὦ 㗔㜇ᆂ ᘞ 䈳PCB 㴺㎿㉄ 㸲㵌㜑 㹡䎣㲭 ㎷㩑 㔄䋥
㶳㒳㨁Á㪩ᩞႢÁ㽁㯢㾓*Á㽁㠈㍟*
㺮㡂㒳䊓㋧ 㝉㓉䃪Á䍾䊓㊐䊓㠼
* 䊤㌭㿙䀬㸡㴀㮩㌙㴉
Technical Trends in the Patents and Papers for the Recycling of Organic Residues from Waste Printed Circuit Boards
Dai-Soo Lee, Sera Shin, Young-Ju Cho* and Bong-Gyoo Cho*
Division of Semiconductors and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University
*Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
Ὰ ả
Ὂா ᔾ೪◚ኢ ₚ῏ ԦK⅂ⶮ, ⠚⸎⩖, ずదK⽺ ท K₶ ⅂ⶮช Ꮞ൶ ⾲ᆂݖⰶ ؆ ₮ ؛⫛ℶ Ԧ⋦᎖,
K₶⅂ⶮ⁾ PCB ⁆῏⺂ ܮ᪳ ᩗᚪآ ⁆ݖת ᬾ⋦ኢ ⴒ⺎؆ ₮ ᧧⨂ₚఊ. ⺂ړ దᚦᚪ⁾ ₶ῶ ᾞړỶᩂ ᬾ₫ᓦᆂ
₶ῶᆂᚦ⩖ ⁆Ԧܮ᪳ ᑢᆆ ⁆ݖᑢ ⾲ᬾἒ ⃒₶ῶ⽺ ⺆ ᾺԦ ₮ఊ. ᘞ ڒỶᩂ PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆỶ ద⺂ ⯟⻮ὦ ઢᑞ ᚪᩃἦఊ. ᚪᩃᖺ 1979੪~2012੪ݲ⋦⁾ ᔞړ, ⁆ᄣ⺏, ₢ᘞ, ⺂ړ⁾ ทᆃ/؛Ղൂ ⯟⻮ὦ SCI ઢᑞᆂ
⅂⺂ἦఊ. ⯟⻮ὦ ઢᑞ ⧊ῲขኢ ᧒῏ἒ ᬾ⋷ἦ᎖, ݖᭆ⁾ ℻⁾Ỷ ⁾ ⩖ዧ ἦఊ. ⯟⻮ὦ ઢᑞ⁾ ⻋ ೪, ړ Ԧ, ݖừ, ݖᭆ ทỶ ๖Ⴂ ᚪᩃἒ ؆╖ἦఊ. ₚỶ ړᾞỶᩂ ᧧ద℧ᆂ ∷⺏◚ ⅂↖ ݖᭆ⁾ ⯟⻮⛂ῶ ᔵ ઢᑞ⃒ֲ ⾂ₚ ᚦ
⋪⺂ ֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
∢⅂Ớ PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ, ⃒⾂῏, ⯟⻮, ઢᑞ, ݖ ᭆ ⻋
Abstract
Electronic products such as appliances, computers, and cellular phones have printed circuit boards (PCBs) in common and the PCBs in the waste electronic products contain valuable metals and organic resins. In Korea, recovery and recycling of the organic resins as well as the valuable metallics from the wastes are required indeed as the most of resources are being imported from abroad. In this article, the patents and papers for the recycling of organic residues from the waste PCBs were collected and analyzed. The open patents of USA (US), European Union (EP), Japan (JP), and Korea (KR) and SCI journals from 1979 to 2012 were investigated. The patents and journals were collected using key-words and filtered by the definition of the technology.
The patents and journals were analyzed by the years, countries, companies, and technologies and the technical trends were dis- cussed in this paper. It is showed sluggish relatively activity of published papers and patent applications for polymer man- ufacturing technology in local and abroad.
Key words : E-waste organic residue, recycling, patent, paper, technical trend
* Received : January 16, 2013 ÁRevised : February 14, 2013ÁAccepted : February 28, 2013 Corresponding Author : Dai-Soo Lee (E-mail : [email protected])
Division of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Deokjin-dong 664-14, Jeonju 561-756, Korea Tel : +82-63-270-2310 / Fax : +82-63-270-2306
;The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms
of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
◚ ➏ ↖ዣ ಖ ᧒῏ൂ ؆Ԧ⁾ ܮ᪳ ᩗᚪ ⚺⛂
೪ᰂ ط᧖⁾ Ղ੶ᆂ ᕂKൂ ᔾ, ړỶᩂ ⁆ ݖ ₺ቾᑢ ᚪዶ⽺⺂ ᧧⨂Ỷᩂ ⅂⺂℧ᆂ ⛏K⅂ᆂ ᧒῏֖া ᪲ԧ ▾ዒാ؆ ₮ఊ. ῖዒাႢ ᩞת℧
ܮ᪳ ᔵ ⁆ݖ₶ῶ ᪲ᝪړₚা ₶ῶₚ ᝮảἒ(95% ₚ
᧧ ᬾ₫) ᑚἓἓ↖ ᰒ⽺ ᔵ ₶ῶ ↫᪳⽺ Ὰₚ ᧧↚⺂
ఊ. ⯟ギ ܮ᪳ ᔵ ⁆ቾ ᬾᾺ ⋃Ԧᆂ ⺂ ړ⅂ ܮ᪳Ԧ
ᔵ ⁆Ԧ ܯทᆂ ᬾܯₚ ᚮṮ ἒ ⃒⾂῏ ⫛⺂
ܮ᪳ ᔵ ⁆ݖת₶ῶ ⽻ᘚԦ Ὰڒൂఊ.1)
ᩆ⋪ړช ◂₶ῶ ద◚ኢ ἒ ܮ᪳ ₶ῶ ᔵ
⁆ݖ₶ῶ ⽻ᘚ ઞᅋ ⾂ᕂギ KՂ؆ ₮ఊ. ᔞړ, ₢ ᘞ, ೫₢ ท ᩆ⋪ړช ᧖ừῶᇲᆂ ⾂῏ാ ₶ῶ⁾
40%ₚ᧧ ₶ῶ ᭂ⽾ ⫛ ⽻ᘚ؆ ₮ఊ.2,3)ܮ᪳
ᔵ ⁆ݖת ₶ῶ ⴒ⺎⺂ PCB⁾ ⃒⾂῏ ◎ఎ᧖ừ
ᩆ⋪ړ ᬾ∦ᆂ ೪ảᰂ⧊ݖ ⺂ Ὰ⺂ ઞᅋ ∷⁾
াₚఊ.
⯟℻ ∢⅂Ỷ ద⺂ ڒỶ Ẅᩂ, ⯟⻮ ᔵ ઢᑞ ᚪᩃ Ỷ ⁾⺂ ݖᭆ⻋ ⰲṫ ݖ↚Ỷ ᬾ⺯ാỮ౾ ئᅎ ݖ ᭆช⁾ ڒ῏ ዲ Ṫ௮Ⴂ, ⻋ ڒ⁾ ᕏ⻋ ᩊ
℻ݖ ⺂ ∷Ὰ⺂ ₶ᇲᆂ ⾂῏ാ؆ ₮᎖, ڒ῏
ₚ ∷ᘛാ ֩ ᧒KỶ ዯṪ∢ ἓ⺆ ⺂ఊ. ₚỶ ᘞ ڒỶᩂ PCB ∷ ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ⁾ ⃒⾂῏ ݖ ᭆỶ దἒ ₢ᘞ, ᔞړ, ⁆ᄣ ܞዒ؆ ⺂ړ⁾ ⯟⻮℻ᘚ ὦ ઢᑞ℻ᘚኢ ᚪᩃ⺎ᆂᩂ ݖᭆ⁾ ⻋ ؆╖؆
₶ ἦఊ.
2. ݖᭆ ֦᧯ద᧧ ᔵ ᚪᩃݖ∦
2.1. ⯟⻮ ᔵ ઢᑞ֦᧯ ద᧧
1979੪ᚦ⩖ 2012੪ݲ⋦ ทᆃ ༶ ؛Ղൂ ⯟⻮ὦ, 1995੪ᚦ⩖ 2012੪ݲ⋦ ⃒ֲൂ ઢᑞₚ ֦᧯ാỮ᎖, Table 1آ Կ ֦᧯ DBኢ ᧒῏ἒ ⋪⺯ἦఊ. ઢᑞ
Scopus DBኢ ᧒῏ἦ᎖ ⯟⻮ WIPS DBኢ ᧒῏ἒ ⺂ړ, ᔞړ, ₢ᘞ, ⁆ᄣ⺏, PCT ⯟⻮ᆂ ⅂
⺂ἦఊ. ᘞ ڒỶᩂ ֦᧯ൂ ⯟⻮ὦ ઢᑞ⁾ Ὰảᑞ
֦⫆ἒ, ᩆ℻ൂ ⯟⻮ 156֚آ ઢᑞ 40֚ ద᧧
ᆂ ᚪᩃἦఊ. ⯟⻮⁾ ףῖ, ⛂ῶ 1੪ 6ՂῺ ₚ
Ỷ ؛Ղാ ⯟⻮⅂೪⁾ ⯟ᩗ᧧ 2011੪೪ᚦ⩖ ᔞ؛Ղ
⯟⻮Ԧ ↚⃒ᓦᆂ ᚪᩃ זآ⁾ ⁆⿎ݖԪ 2010੪ݲ
⋦ ֩ᆂ ᘢ ᬾ ₮ఊ.
ᆂݖⰶ ᬾ⋦ ᩗᚪ⁾ ⃒⾂῏ᆂ ᪲ԧỶ ๖ኞ ⽾ף Ὂἢ ᑞ⅂ኢ ז؆, ף⋮ ⴚዒῖᄮ⧪ ῶᇲ ⅂↖ ݖᭆ Ղ ᕂỶ ๖ኞ ݖదᩗآኢ ᔺ⧻ᆂ, Table 2ὦ Կₚ ᬾ⋦
⾲ᬾ, ⴚዒὒ ⅂↖ ݖᭆỶ ئ⺂ 2Ղ⁾ ݖᭆ ᚪẢᆂ া ପỚ ᚪᩃἦఊ.
3. PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟
⻮ ⻋ ᚪᩃ
3.1. ೪ᗪ ⻋PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ⁾ ೪ᗪ ⯟⻮⛂
ῶ ֚ᬾኢ Fig. 1Ỷ া⧦Ữఊ.
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟⻮
1979੪Ỷ ▾ ⛂ῶാỚ, 1980੪దݲ⋦ ᔞᔞ⺂ ⯟⻮⾂
ᘚₚఊԦ, 1990੪ద ∷ᔾᚦ⩖ ⾂ᕂ⺂ ⯟⻮⾂
Table 1. Analyses of the patent and paper
⯟⻮ ઢᑞ
֦᧯kiⳛ WIPS Scopus
ᚪᩃ֚ᬾ 156 ֚ 40 ֚
ᚪᩃݖԪ 1979 ੪~2012੪
Table 2. Technical classification of recycling for E-waste organic residue
టݖᭆ ݖᭆᚪቾ
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ
⃒⾂῏G ₆㑶
ᬾ⋦ ⾲ᬾ
ⴚዒὒ ⅂↖
Fig. 1. Trend in the number of the patents from 1979 to
2011.
ᘚἦఊ. 2002੪Ỷ 15֚⁾ Ԧ ዴ ⯟⻮Ԧ ⛂ῶൂ
֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
3.2. ړԦᗪ ⻋
Fig. 2 ⯟⻮⁾ ⛂ῶ ړ℧ᗪ ⯟⻮⛂ῶ ֚ᬾኢ া
⧦ ܞႾ⸪ₚఊ.
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ K◚ ⯟⻮
156֚ ∷ ₢ᘞړ℧ ⛂ῶₚ 113֚ᆂ 72.4%⁾ Ԧ
⦖ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦ἦ᎖, ⺂ړړ℧ ⛂ῶ 22֚
(14.1%), ᔞړړ℧ ⛂ῶ 11֚(7.1%) ท⁾ ᭂᆂ
া⧦ఊ.
ړԦᗪ ⛂ῶ ⻋ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ⺂ړ⯟⻮Ԧ 1979੪Ỷ Ԧ ።Ω ⛂ῶാỮ᎖, ₢ᘞ⯟⻮Ԧ 103֚ᆂ 66.0%
⁾ Ԧ સ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦ἦ؆, ⺂ړ⯟⻮ 32֚
(20.5%), ᔞړ⯟⻮ 16֚(10.3%), ⁆ᄣ⯟⻮ 5֚(3.2%)⁾
ᭂᆂ া⧦ఊ.
3.3. ∢Ὰ ⛂ῶ
Table 3 ⯟⻮ᆂᚦ⩖ ೪⛂ൂ ∢Ὰ ⛂ῶ(Top 8)
⼪⾏ া⧦ ⶂₚఊ.
₢ᘞ⁾ DENSOὦ NECԦ ԧԧ 9֚ᆂ Ԧ ዴ
⯟⻮ኢ ⛂ῶἦ؆, HITACHIὦ MATSUSHITA ELEC- TRIC INDԦ ԧԧ 5֚, ⺂ړ⁾ ؆ᅊ⽺, ݦ೪܆, ₢ᘞ⁾
CANON, ᔞړ⁾ UNION CARBIDEԦ ԧԧ 4֚⁾ ᭂ
ᆂ া⧦ఊ. PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئ ᅎ ⯟⻮ ᧧ 8ڲ ⁾ ⛂ῶ ∷ ₢ᘞ ړ℧ ᪲᪳
ₚ 5Ղ ݖئᆂ Ԧ ዴ ֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
3.4. ݖᭆᗪ ⻋
Fig. 3 PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ᚪẢ
⯟⻮⁾ ݖᭆᗪ ֚ᬾኢ া⧦ ܞႾ⸪ₚఊ. ݖᭆᗪ ℶ⁆
⁎ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ᬾ⋦ ⾲ᬾ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟⻮Ԧ 96֚ᆂ
61.5%⁾ Ԧ સ ℶ⁆⁎ ᘚₚ᎖, ⴚዒὒ ⅂↖ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟⻮Ԧ 60֚(38.5%)ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
⛂ῶ ړ℧ᗪ ⯟⻮֚ᬾኢ ᝪٶᘚ, ₢ᘞₚ Ꮞฆ ݖᭆỶᩂ Ԧ ⦖ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦⺂ ֩ᆂ ᘚṪ ݖᭆ
∢೪ ֩ᆂ ᘚఊ. ₚኢ Table 4Ỷ ℻ዒἦఊ.
Fig. 2. Number of the patents from different countries.
Table 3. Major applicants of the patent
∢ᾺG 㿲㤦㧎 ֚ᬾ ݖᭆ
DENSO( ₢ᘞ) 9 ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ
NEC( ₢ᘞ) 9 ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ, ⴚዒὒ⅂↖
HITACHI( ₢ᘞ) 5 ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ
MATSUSHITA
ELECTRIC IND( ₢ᘞ) 5 ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ
؆ᅊ⽺O䞲ῃP 4 ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ, ⴚዒὒ⅂↖
ݦ೪܆O䞲ῃP 4 ⴚዒὒ⅂↖
CANON( ₢ᘞ) 4 ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ
UNION CARBIDE( ᔞړ) 4 ⴚዒὒ⅂↖
Table 4. Number of the patents applied from different countries for specific recycling technologies
ړԦ ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ ⴚዒὒ⅂↖
₢ᘞ 77 36
⺂ړ 11 11
ᔞړ 2 9
೫₢ 2 2
దዲ 3 -
⸪Ⴗᯊ - 2
Ὂᯊ⯞ᄮ₢ዒṪ 1 -
Fig. 3. Number of the patent for specific recycling techno-
logies.
4.1. ೪ᗪ ⻋
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ⁾ ೪ᗪ ઢᑞֲ
⃒ ֚ᬾኢ Fig. 4Ỷ া⧦৮ఊ.
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ઢᑞ
1996੪Ỷ ▾ ⃒ֲാỮ᎖, ♃ ֚ᬾ 40֚ ∷ 2010੪ آ 2012Ỷ ԧԧ Ԧ ዴ 8֚⁾ ઢᑞₚ ⃒ֲൂ ֩
ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
4.2. ړԦᗪ ⻋
Fig. 5 ઢᑞ⁾ ⃒ֲ ړԦ ᗪ ઢᑞ ⃒ֲ ֚ᬾኢ া
⧦ ܞႾ⸪ₚఊ.
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ K◚ ઢᑞ 40֚ ∷ ∷ړₚ 22֚ᆂ 55.0%⁾ Ԧ ⦖ ℶ⁆⁎
╎⋦⺮᎖, ₢ᘞآ దዲₚ ԧԧ 3֚(7.5%), ἧړآ ⴚ Ⴆข, ⨂ړₚ ԧԧ 2֚(5.0%) ท⁾ ᭂᆂ া⧦ఊ.
Table 5 Ω₶ ړ℧ᗪ ݖᭆᗪ ⃒ֲ ઢᑞ ⼪⾏ া
⧦ ⶂₚఊ.
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ Ω₶ ړ℧
ᗪ ݖᭆᗪ ⃒ֲ ઢᑞ ⼪⾏ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ∷ړₚ ᬾ⋦ ⾲
ᬾ ݖᭆỶᩂ Ԧ સ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦⺮᎖, ⴚႦขԦ ⴚዒὒ ⅂↖ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ઢᑞ Ԧ ዴₚ ⃒ֲ⺂ ֩
ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
4.3. ݖᭆᗪ ⻋
Fig. 6 PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ᚪẢ ઢᑞ⁾
ݖᭆᗪ ֚ᬾኢ া⧦ ܞႾ⸪ₚఊ.
ઢᑞ⁾ ݖᭆ ᗪ ֚ᬾኢ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ᬾ⋦ ⾲ᬾ ݖᭆ ئ ᅎ ઢᑞₚ 37֚ᆂ 92.5%⁾ Ԧ સ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦
ἦ᎖, ⴚዒὒ ⅂↖ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ઢᑞ 3֚ᆂ (7.5%) া⧦ఊ.
4.4. ∢Ὰݖئ ⻋
Table 6 ઢᑞᆂᚦ⩖ ೪⛂ൂ ઢᑞ ⃒ֲ ∢Ὰ ݖئ
Fig. 4. Trend of the published paper from 1996 to 2012.
Fig. 5. Number of the papers from different countries.
∷ړ OjuP
₢ᘞ OqwP 3 -
దዲ O{~P 3 -
ἧړ OniP 2 -
ⴚႦข OwsP - 2
⨂ړ O{oP 2 -
ᗎݖỶ OilP 1 -
➶াఊ OjhP 1 -
ܞዒᯊ OnyP 1 -
ₚ⧮ዒṪ Op{P 1 -
⺂ړ OryP - 1
ᯊಚ OzlP 1 -
Fig. 6. Numbers of the papers for specific recycling techno-
logies.
(Top 7) ⼪⾏ া⧦ ⶂₚఊ.
∷ړ⁾ Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityԦ 5֚ᆂ Ԧ ዴ ઢᑞ ⃒ֲἦ؆, Central South Universityὦ
₢ᘞ⁾ NECԦ ԧԧ 3֚, ⴚႦข⁾ Instytut Polimerow,
⨂ړ⁾ King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, ∷ړ⁾ Shanghai University, Tsinghua Uni-
versityԦ ԧԧ 2֚⁾ ઢᑞ ⃒ֲ⺂ ֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ઢᑞ ⃒ֲ
∢Ὰ ݖئ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ∷ړₚ 4Ղ ݖئᆂ ݖᭆ ∢ ೪؆ ₮ ֩ᆂ ᘚఊ.
5. PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟
⻮ ᔵ ઢᑞ⁾ᰒ❛ ᚪᩃ
Table 7 ݖᭆ℧ ∷Ὰ೪ኢ ݖ∦ᆂ ᩆᗪൂ ∢Ὰ ⯟
⻮ὦ ∢Ὰ ઢᑞ ℻ዒἒ া⧦Ữఊ.
ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ ݖᭆ ❇Ỷ ₮Ớᩂ, Hitachi Ltd PCBኢ ؆ᆂ ԦἚἒ ؆ᝪℶ Ἒᚪ⁆ኢ ỡ ᕏ ᖻ ₢ᘞ ⯟⻮ᆂ ทᆃἒ Ἒᚪݖᭆ ⃒⾂῏ ᕏṮ
ᆂ ⅂ᰂἦఊ. NEC Corp. PCB ᚪⶮ ԦῚ ಖ ⁆Ԧ ܮ᪳ ⾲ᬾ⺂ ఊ ỡỚ⋦ ⁆ݖ ᬾ⋦ ᚪዶ
ᑚݖᑢ ⛏K⅂ኢ ᚦᚪ℧ᆂ ద◚ἒ ᔾ೪◚ ᘯ⋦
⃒ (encapsulant)῏⁾ epoxy molding compound (EMC) ทỶ ₚ῏ ݖᭆ ⅂ᰂἦఊ. Ṫ῞ᄒ NEC Corp.
Table 6. Major organizations of the authors for the papers
⃒ֲݖئ ֚ᬾ
Shanghai Jiao Tong University( ∷ړ ) 5 Central South University( ∷ړ ) 3
NEC( ₢ᘞ ) 3
Instytut Polimerow( ⴚႦข ) 2 King Mongkut's University of Technology North
Bangkok( ⨂ړ ) 2
Shanghai University( ∷ړ ) 2 Tsinghua University( ∷ړ ) 2
Table 7. List of the core patents & papers
ݖᭆᚪቾ ؛Ղ ( ทᆃ ) ᖮ⽞ / Vol, Page ؛Ղ ( ทᆃ ) ₢ / ⃒ֲ೪ ⛂ῶ V 㩖㧦
ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ
[JP]2000-288509 2000 Matsushida Electric Ind.
[JP]2000-273462 2000 Matsushida Electric Ind.
[JP]2000-101161 2000 Matsushida Electric Ind.
[JP]2000-301131 2000 Matsushida Electric Ind.
[JP]2000-288509 2000 Matsushida Electric Ind.
[JP]1997-262573 1997 Hitachi Corp.
[JP]1997-225445 1997 Hitachi Corp.
[JP]2001-079511 2001 NEC
lw0801662 1997 Seijo-Bollin
[JP]1999-036020 1999 JUSTY(JP)
[JP]1992-239518 1992 NEC
[US]5743936 1998 NEC
[KR]2011-0113428 2011 KIGAM
|z2007-0169330 2007 Hsieh Sen Wu
[EP]1811821 2007 Hsieh Sen Wu
ᬾ⋦ ᔵ ⴚዒὒ
⅂↖
Polymer, 46, pp 1905 2005 Dang W. et al
J. Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 89, pp 102 2010 Quan C. et al
Polymer, 44, pp 3795 2003 Gersifi K.E. et al
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 91, pp 690 2006 Gersifi K.E. et al
Ի᧖ ₚ῏ἒ PCB ∷ ܮ᪳ ῏ᰂ⧎ ῏
ാ⋦ Ṱ Ԧٶ᧧⨂ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦ኢ ⾲ᬾ ؛℻ Ղ ᕂἦఊ. ₢ᘞ⁾ దⶂ℧ K₶⾲᧒ ∷⁾ া
Matsushita Electric Ind PCBช⁾ ֚ᰃ ⋃ቾ(dry distillation)ኢ ⫛⺂ Ԧٶ Ỷⴓᰂ⁾ ؆ᝪℶ Ἒᚪ⁆ ⾲
ᬾ ݖᭆآ ⁆ݖ ῏ጊኢ ₚ῏⺂ Ԧٶ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦⁾ ῏
ݖᭆ Ղᕂἦఊ. ⚂ܢ Wu ท ⋮᧖ἢ ₚ῏
ἒ PCB⁾ Ԧٶ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦ኢ ⽺℧ᆂ ᚪ
ᕏᖻ ⯟⻮ᆂ ทᆃἦఊ. ₚ᧧ ⯟⻮Ỷ া⧦ূ PCB ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ దᚦᚪ Ԧٶ ⁆ݖ ᬾ⋦ ᩗᚪ ᚪ ዒἒ ᬾ⋦ኢ ⾲ᬾ ֩Ỷ ܞ❾؆ ₮᎖, ⾲ᬾൂ ⁆ ݖ ₺ቾᑢ ᇲᆂ ᧒῏֖া ⽺ ῶᇲᆂ ᧒῏ₚ Ԧ
ோ⺂ ֩ᆂ Ởܯ ℻೪ ֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ.
ᔾ ઢᑞᆂ ᕂⶂൂ PCB⁾ ⁆ݖᬾ⋦ช⁾ ⃒⾂
῏ Ἒᚪ ዲ Ṫ௮Ⴂ ⽺℧ ∷⺏آ ∷⺏ᑢ⁾
ᬾ⋦ ⺏ᩗỶ ⾂῏ Ԧோᩗ ఊሎ؆ ₮ఊ. Dang ท
Ԧٶ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦ኢ ⋮᧖ᆂ ∷⺏ἒ ỡ ᬾ⋦
ኢ ᰆ⃒ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦ ᧒῏ᰂ 30wt% ݲ⋦ ◎Ԧ ף ῖ ݖת℧ ᑢᩗ⁾ ΩԦ ֖⁾ Ử ᘚ؆ἦఊ.4) Quan ท PCB⁾ Ԧٶൂ ⁆ݖᑢ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦ኢ Ἒᚪἒ ỡ phenol ⁆೪◚ኢ ₚ῏ἒ Ⲿદ ᬾ⋦
ኢ ⺏ᩗ ᕏᖻ ⅂ᰂἦఊ.5) Chien ท ؆Ỷᩂ Ἒᚪኢ ⋪⺯ PCB ∷⁾ Ԧٶ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦
ূᩗ ἒ ᧒῏ൂ ᜲᆒ⽺ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦⁾ ᜲᆒ
దᚦᚪ HBrݖ◚ᆂ K⽾ാ ֩ ⽻ἦఊ.6) Yin ท ☮₪תᬾኢ ₚ῏ἒ ೪ኢ ᗦ⽺ᰂ⧊ᩂ
PCB⁾ ᜲᆒ⽺ ỶⴓᰂԦ ⴒ⺎ ᜲᆒ⁾ ᗦ⽺ኢ ↖ ᧒⺂ זآ 300oCₚỶᩂ ᜲᆒ⽺ Ⲿદ ⁆೪◚ᆂ ỡ Ớ⋦ ಖ ᔾἒ ܞ ₚ᧧⁾ ೪Ỷᩂ HBr ݖ◚ᆂ K⽾ാ ֩ ᕃ⼺ఊ.7) Grause ท PCB⁾ Ἒᚪ
ڒỶᩂ 270oCₚỶᩂ ᜲᆒ⽺Ⲿદ ⁆೪◚ᆂ ↚
⃒⺎ ⽻ἦఊ. ₚᄒ⺂ ڒ זآช ↫⺏ ⽺
℧ ∷⺏ ᔵ Ἒᚪ ؛℻Ỷᩂ ೪ኢ 270oCₚᆂ
⁆⋦ ᜲᆒ⽺ Ⲿદ ⁆೪◚ᆂ Ԧٶ Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦Ԧ ỡ Ớ⋶ Ṳ ᬾ ₮Ữఊ.
Gersifi ท Ỷⴓᰂ ᬾ⋦⁾ ף⽺⅂Ԧ ᧖ᑚᬾᑢ ף ῖ ᑢᆆ Ṫᔢ ₚ῏ἒ ⅂↖ൂ ጃ᧧ ڒ↖⁾ Ԧٶ
ᬾ⋦೪ ܦዒ⢂ ₚ῏ἒ exchange reaction ⫛⺂
∷⺏ₚ Ԧோ᎖, ỡỚ⋪ ∷⺏ᑢ ⴚዒῖᄮ⧪ ⅂
↖῏ ⴚዒὒᆂ ₚ῏ₚ Ԧோ⺎ ⅂ᰂἦఊ.9) Fig. 7Ỷ
⅂ᰂൂ ∷⺏ ᔾ⁷ ፺➚௮⊾ া⧦Ữఊ. ₚช⁾
ڒ זآ ⴚዒῖᄮ⧪ ⅂↖῏⁾ ⴚዒὒᆂ⁾ ₚ῏ Ԧ
ோᩗ ᘚἒ∢Ữఊ. ܞᄒা ᰊ⅂ ⁷῏ ❇Ỷᩂ ⴚዒ ῖᄮ⧪ ⁾ ᑢᩗₚ ጊῖ ⅂⺂℧ ⺂תኢ ᘚἦఊ.
6. ז ᆆ
PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟⻮
1979੪Ỷ ▾ ⛂ῶാỚ, 1980੪దݲ⋦ ᔞᔞ⺂ ⯟⻮⾂
ᘚₚఊԦ, 1990੪ద ∷ᔾᚦ⩖ ⾂ᕂ⺂ ⯟⻮⾂
ᘚἦఊ. 2002੪Ỷ 15֚⁾ Ԧ ዴ ⯟⻮Ԧ ⛂ῶൂ
֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ. ړԦᗪ ⛂ῶ ⻋ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ⺂ړ⯟
⻮Ԧ 1979੪Ỷ Ԧ ።Ω ⛂ῶാỮ᎖, ₢ᘞ⯟⻮Ԧ 66.0%⁾ Ԧ સ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦⺮ఊ. ∢Ὰ ⛂ῶ
₢ᘞ⁾ DENSOὦ NEC ทᆂ া⧦ఊ.
⯟⻮⁾ ݖᭆᗪ ℶ⁆⁎ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ᬾ⋦ ⾲ᬾ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟⻮Ԧ 61.5%⁾ Ԧ ⦖ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦⺮ఊ. PCB ⁆ݖת ₺ቾᑢ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ઢᑞ 1996੪ Ỷ ▾ ⃒ֲാỮ᎖, ♃ ֚ᬾ 40֚ ∷ 2010੪آ 2012Ỷ ԧԧ Ԧ ዴ 8֚⁾ ઢᑞₚ ⃒ֲൂ ֩ᆂ
া⧦ఊ. ⃒ֲ ړԦᗪ ℶ⁆⁎ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ∷ړₚ 55.0%⁾ Ԧ ⦖ ℶ⁆⁎ া⧦৮ఊ. ઢᑞ⁾ ݖᭆᗪ ֚
ᬾኢ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ᬾ⋦ ⾲ᬾ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ઢᑞₚ 92.5%⁾
Ԧ ⦖ ℶ⁆⁎ ╎⋦⺮ఊ.
∢Ὰ ⯟⻮ὦ ∢Ὰ ઢᑞ ᧚Ⳛᘚ, ᬾ⋦⾲ᬾ ݖᭆ ئᅎ ⯟⻮ὦ ઢᑞₚ Ԧ ዴ ֩ᆂ া⧦ఊ. Ἒף
⽺ᩗ؆ᚪ₶⁾ ⽺℧ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆ Ղᕂ⁾ ℷܢ ᕏᖻ
⨃ἒ ؆ᩗோ⽺ാ؆ ₮ PCB ⃒᪲ช ⽺℧ᆂ
⃒⾂῏ἒ ₚช ఊᰂ ؆Ԧ⁾ ῶᇲᆂ ᧒῏⺆ ᬾ ₮೪ ᆃ ݖᭆ⁾ Ղᕂₚ Ὰڒാ؆ ₮ఊ.
Fig. 7. Mechanisms for the glycolyses of crosslinked epoxy
resin with diethylene glycol via exchange reactions.
PCB ⃒᪲ ؆ᩗோ Ἒף⽺ᩗ؆ᚪ₶ ⃒᪲ ؆Ԧἒ ᩂ ₚช ⽺℧ᆂ ఊᰂ ᧒῏⺆ ᬾ ₮೪ᆃ ῶᇲ⽺
ݖᭆ ⻋ Ἦ᧧ാ ؆⁆Ԧ ᰂద⁾ સ ῶ₶⃒ Ԧ
ᰂ ᧧⾏Ỷᩂ ئᅎ ừת⁾ Ԧ ף⃧ᅋ ⅂؆Ỷ ݖἒ⺆
֩ₚఊ.
ݖ
ᘞ ઢᑞ ⽾ףᚦ ܦᆂᖲ⧷ ⽾ףݖᭆՂᕂ᧒ừ ∷ ܮ᪳Á⁆῏₶ῶ ⃒⾂῏ ݖᭆՂᕂ᧒ừ⁾ ⋦ῶỶ ⁾ἒ
ڒാỮ᎖ ₚỶ Զ᧒ขዣ௮ఊ.(GT-11-C-01-040-0)
╞؆ᑞ⻲
1. Hall W.J., Williams P.T., 2007: Separation and recovery of materials from scrap printed circuit boards, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 51, pp691-709.
2. Iji M., 1998: Recycling of epoxy resin compounds for moulding electronic components, Journal of Materials Science, 33, pp45-53.
3. Dang W., Kubouchi M., Sembokuya H., Tsuda K., 2005:
Chemical recycling of glassfiber reinforcedepoxy resin cured with amine using nitric acid, Polymer, 46, pp1905- 1912.
4. Quan C. et al., 2010: Characterization of products recycling from PCB waste pyrolysis, J. Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 89, pp102-106.
5. Chien Y.C. et al., 2000: Fate of bromine in pyrolysis of printed circuit board wastes, Chemosphere, 40, pp383- 387.
6. Yin J. et al., 2011: Hydrothermal decomposition of brominated epoxy resin in waste printed circuit boards, J.
Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 92, pp131-136.
7. Grause G., et al., 2008: Pyrolysis of tetrabromobisphenol-A containing paper laminated printed circuit boards, Chemosphere, 71, pp872-878.
8. Gersifi K.E. et al., 2003: Glycolysis of epoxide-amine hardened networks. I. Diglycidylether/aliphatic amines model networks Polymer, 44, pp3795-3801.
9. Gersifi K. E., Durand G., and Tersac G., 2006: Solvolysis of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether/anhydride model networks, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 91, pp690-702.
㶳 㒳 㨁
• ⼪⃒ Kᚧదٶ ⽺؛ᚦ ٶᬾ
㽁 㯢 㾓
• ⼪⃒ ܦᆂᖲ⧶⽾ףݖᭆՂᕂ᧒ừ ܮ᪳Á⁆῏₶ῶ⃒⾂῏ݖᭆ Ղᕂ᧒ừఎ
• ట ⾲⋦ ⅂21ڲ 3⽞ ╞↖
㪩 ᩞ Ⴂ
• ⼪⃒ Kᚧదٶ దῶ ᔾ೪◚Á⽺
؛ᚦ ᩃ᧒آ℻ ᨃ
㽁 㠈 ㍟
