Study of condition analysis of spatial information-linked data in response to the era of data and its improvement methods SUMMARY

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SUMMARY

Study of condition analysis of spatial

information-linked data in response to the era of data and its improvement methods

Lim YongHo, Kang MinJo

In the future society, there will be increased demand for Internet of Things (IoT) and big data utilization that is represented as hyper-connected society and smart city, and it will be an era where high value-added services will be provided by converging various information. Such future society will have the characteristic of large volume of data production and real-time utilization that is incomparable to the existing level, and will have to not only refine and converge various data but also provide in high speed in order to respond to various service demands. For this, spatial information which plays a key role in information convergence needs to become smarter, and this is the time when paradigm shift is needed from the existing producer-oriented perspective to the spatial information that can enable the response to future demand and maximize utilization.

The issues of future spatial information paradigm includes firstly, the enormous size of volume due to the real-time production of data that has various fields and structures due to IoT. Second issue is the ease and fast speed of data collection, cleansing, service processing and provision in order to provide convergence

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service of the large volume of spatial data. Third issue includes the interoperability, connected information provision, impartiality or independence regarding OS, HW and SW, openness that enables anyone to make, share and edit information, and machine readability.

Issues like ease of convergence of spatial information, interoperability and openness can be sufficiently responded to in the same form as the existing spatial information through spatial information standardization. However, new form of spatial information is necessary in order to secure machine readability to mechanically process the large volume of real-time data produced by IoT which is expected to reach 507.5ZB/year by 2019 and enhance the information utilization through linked information provision.

Spatial Linked Data provides one way to respond to such needs of the future society. Spatial Linked Data is a method that issues structural data that can be utilized usefully through interconnection and semantic query. It is a method that utilizes data as intellectual spatial information that can respond to the needs of the data-led society by structuring and connecting the spatial information by the four principles of Linked Data. The realization of Linked Data has many methods however this study used RDF recommended by W3C as the standard. The expected advantage of establishing the existing spatial information as Spatial Linked Data is that it is possible to mechanically manage real-time large-volume data because Linked Data has machine readable structure, and that it is possible to provide the related information simultaneously with the required information by converging the big data produced in various fields based on space (location).

Also, Linked Data can enable high reusability and easy and fast convergent information creation being standardized data, and it has a data form that can improve the spatial information utilization as it is neutral to SW or OS.

Various studies, systems and institutions of Spatial Linked Data are being developed mainly by developed countries such as European countries and the

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United States. Especially the European Union is carrying out projects such as Smart Open Data, GeoKnow and Melody under the lead of INSPIRE, and has developed standards and systems related to Linked Data and is applying them in real practice. On the other hand, the level of interest in Spatial Linked Data is low in the Republic of Korea, and the current focus is only on the standardization of the existing spatial data. In order for Korea, an IT leader to also secure competitive advantage in information field, there is a need to take on a paradigm shift from the existing spatial information to the new Spatial Linked Data. The national government should urgently provide the mandatory vocabulary, support standardization, modify the legal system, and establish governance system that can induce and lead private industries.

For this, this study proposed the following measures.

First, there is a need to establish a public-private partnership to build Spatial Linked Data. The government should open the public-owned spatial information as much as possible, provide vocabulary, and find and promote best practices through pilot programs of standardization support. The private sector should pursue technology development and cooperation, and develop business models that utilize publically opened spatial information.

Secondly, there is a need to establish a Spatial Linked Data center in order to establish and operate the governance system to build Spatial Linked Data as well as to issue and manage.

Thirdly, step-by-step establishment of Spatial Linked Data is necessary, and there is a need for gradual establishment starting from small basic spatial information that has little license limitation and high utilization when building as connected data.

Fourthly, in order to establish the domain standard for each field of spatial information, it is necessary to establish the spatial information connected data through involving domain experts, and policy measures should be put in place in

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order to train such experts.

Fifthly, in order to encourage the private data to be established as connected data, an institutionalization is necessary to make the data purchase only possible for those in connected data format when the public purchases private data.

Sixthly, the development of UI that can be used by general public as well as the SW for utilization and analysis is required as the existing connected data of spatial information are currently developer-oriented.

Republic of Korea can be anticipated to lead the spatial information data industry in the international community by making a successful paradigm shift of spatial information to Spatial Linked Data to respond to the demands of the future society of hyper-connected society and smart city.