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(1)æ~>Æ·~ã²æ. ò. Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 56~60, 2003. *V¦çj Ï Æ·^; FÂ> ¾Òö & : *î 5 pH~ 'Ë. ²;*Áç¢ÁË~ 7Ú&v ~ã". A Study on the Treatment of Soil Flushing Effluent Using Electrofloatation : Effects of Electrolyte and pH. Á. Á. Jung-hyun So Sang-il Choi Chang-hwan Cho Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University. ABSTRACT. Ü Ü. The optimal operation conditions of electrofloatation for oil-water separation of soil flushing effluent including electrolyte and pH were investigated. The reactor (200 10 15 cm) for the experiment was constructed by using acrylic plate. Diesel concentration was 1,000 mg/L in the 1% mixed surfactant solution (POE5: POE14, 1:1). Titanium coated electrode was used as cathode and stainless steel electrode as anode. Reaction time was 62 minutes (reaction time : 60 min., flotation time : 2 min.) and voltage was 6 V. The separation efficiency of electrofloatation was improved to 40% by electrolyte addition. Furthermore, NaCl (1N) added as electrolyte was showed enhanced efficiency compared to NaOH (1N). While, the effect of both NaCl and NaOH was sequentially increased in the range of 0.2~1.0% (0.02~0.1 M). The equilibrium time was found as 20 min. in the range of 0.4~1.0% (0.04~0.1M) for both of them. Key words : flushing effluent, oil-water separation, electrolysis, electrofloatation. º £ ^. *Vªö ~ ¦ç*çj Ï~ F~ J"B Æ· ^; ê B>º FÂ> 7 Fª j ªÒ~V * ' ; Ú*j d¶ ~& . *Vª >w(200Ü10Ü15 cm)¢ Ï~ bêWB(POE : POE , 1:1) 1% Ïö :Jj 1,000 mg/L ³ê ÏB þ~& . ·öº æª z+*, rbº Êr.Ê Ê* j Ï~& . >w*f 62ª(>w : 60ª, ¦ç* : 2ª)îb *{f 6 V& . *î Î&ö ~ 'Ëj r jV *~ þ Ö", *îj Î&~&j ãÖ Î&~æ p~j r 40% ;ê~ ÎN Ã&~& . '; *î, "«³ê 5 >w*j rjV *~ 1N NaCl" NaOH~ ³ê¢ æzB &B þ~& . NaCl~ ãÖ z ±f ÎNj ¾æÚî . *î~ ³êº 0.2~1.0%~ ³êº*öB NaClf NaOH Îv ³êö V¢ BN' b ÎN Ã&~& . v *î Îv 0.4~1.0% ³ê º*öB ï;ö ê~º *f 20ªb ¾æÒ . "BÚ : Æ·^; FÂ>, F>ªÒ, *Vª, *V¦ç 5. 1.. B . ¢ B~V *~ ªÒVF ô Ï> ® . * V¦ç;(Electroflotation, ~ E/F)f ôf ¦æ& ² º>º *;ö j~ · bîj ªÒÒ > ®. º Ë6j &æ ® . 6 E/F;f ªÒVF. CFêêz>², ª*, Bæ ~ ÖëJöB >7~ öfb(Emulsion) 6º W «¶(Colloidal particle) *Corresponding author : [email protected] : 2003. 9. 5 : 2003. 9. 22 : 2003. 12 30. ö7>¢ î~ 5 Æ~. 14. ²Òß¢ ræ. 56.

(2) *V¦çj Ï Æ·^; FÂ> ¾Òö & : *î 5 pH~ 'Ë. ö j~ Ë~& ²; FæÁ>jf Ú'j& ' ² ²ºB . E/F;ö ~ *V' ¦çf *~¢ â r B>º *~ æz¢ Ï~ >7~ Fª ~ bî j ¦ç ªÒ~º VF . *Vª röB B * ¶º ^ V¢ BÊ ö> ö Ï 5 ªÖ >Ú®º bî~ Wz¢ &³Úb Öz/~ö >w 5 w÷/Ö >wj /êÎ . -² BB ^ Vö Fª ~ bî ¦OB ê ¦çb ;zB . Fªö ~ J"B æ~> ¾Ò~ ãÖ Ñ êº F ª «¶~ *V' ï;j jï; ç Fê~ Fª «¶~ wÖj Fê~º ®b, ¢ *Bº Emulsion breakers& j>' . ¾ *V¦ç;ö Bº êê Î&B¢ R«~æ pjê b~ *Vªö ~ B H N W>Ú />Úæ, >7ö Cl ®º ãÖ OCl & W>Ú ÛÖz~ ";ê BB . 6 ^ V~ Bb ~ wÖ?w÷B «¶& b ¦ç>º ³ê¢ Ã&Ê² B . Fª F æ ~> 7~ Fª Wª ^~² öbz >Ú ®b, ¢ >'b ¾Ò& ® ¦~ . ^ F«¶~ Vº Û 10 ~10 cm î.Ê &*>Ú ® . î .Ê *~º *Vªö ~B BB ·Nö ~B 7z>Ú, B ¦O WË~ F> ªÒ& /êB . E/F ;f r" ?f &æ Ë6j &æ ® . Ñ, *Vª B>º Vº ï «ã 20 µm ;ê Ö ^~, ¢ V¢ &ê . ~, *~ &ê¢ . 2b ^V~ Bï~ . & Ë~ . q, >7~ ç(J"bî «~ 5 ³ê )ö V¢ rº *j ÒÏb '. ªÒÎNj á j > ® . V~ Ö" f ·b ÏW *(Fe, Al ) j ÒÏ~, rb W.j ÒÏ~º ãÖ& &¦ª î . V¢B, öBº * Ö"¢ Æ& . ÎN'b ^; FÂ> 7~ oil-water(~, O-W) öf bj ;z ¾Ò~V *~ ·b Titaniumb z+ >Ú®º b;~ *j ÒÏ~, rbº Êr .Ê Ê*j ÒÏ~ *î 5 pHö ~ 'Ëj rj¶ ~& . −. +. Ëj Aº . Fukuif Yuu(1993)º E/F ;öB B >º V¢ ÷~ «¶ V¢ G;~º þj ~ E/F ;~ ÎNf B «¶f ^V Îv~ *~ Vö ~ º ©j C&î . ¾ ^ V ~ *~¢ G;~º ©f Ö ÚJÚ ¢ ²>~ ¶ò ^V~ Bæ**¢ G;~& . Collins" Jameson(1977)º ^V~ Bæ**¢ G; ~ E/F ;f B>º ^Vf B «¶~ B æ**& >& ¦^¢ ¾æâ r & ÎNj ¾æÞ ~& . E/F ;f * öB B>º >²f Ö² V Vö ôf 'Ëj Ab, V Vö 'Ëj "º ¶º *~&ê, Nê, * ~ ®æò &Ë 'Ëj "º ¶º * Òî" >7~ pH . 2). 3). 4). 5). −. −7. −4. 57. 3.. þÒò 5 O». þË~ þö ÒÏB *Vª >wË~~ BÛêº Fig. 1" ?b, 5 mm vþ~ jÚ6j Ï~ ^ 200 cm, 10 cm, p 15cm *Vª >w¢ B·~ ÒÏ~& . ·b Techwin Ò(&")~ æª z+B b; *j rbº Êr.Ê *j 'Ï~&b, DC power supply¢ Ï~ *~ 5 *{j ¢; 8 b FæV . pH~ æz¢ G;~V *~ >wVÚ ö pH meter¢ J~~& . *f 10 cm(L)Ü3 cm(H)Ü 0.1 cm(T)~ V B·~& . *6~ FÎ 7/'f 30 cm & >ê ~&b, **Ïf 4 cm ~& . POE f POE bêWB(1%, 1:1) Ïö :J j Î& ê Ïª® ÏB TPH V&b ³ê& 3.1. 2. 5. 14. 1). 2. E/F E/F. ;ö 'Ëj ~º ¶. ;~ ÎNf ¦ç~º V~ Vö &Ë '. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 56~60, 2003. Fig. 1. Schematic diagram for electrofloatation..

(3) ²;*Áç¢ÁË~. 58. 1,000 mg/L. ÒÏ~& .. ;ê >ê ~&b, >wÏf 500 mL¢. ªCO» ¦çªÒ ç[¦ö ;W>º Fªj B ê >w Ï 5 mL¢ vialö j~& . (micelle)j V * ~ jB òö NaCl 3 g" ºÂÏ Methylene Chloride 5mL¢ Î&~ v>~ 1* ÿn .r2 ºÂË~¢ Ï~ ºÂ ê 10ª* ;~B ªÒB çj &ÊîÆ¾b(GC, Hewlett Packard 5890 Series II, USA)¢ Ï~ ªC~& . GCªCj * ¦ ÂV(detector)º FID(flame ionization detector)¢ ÒÏ~ &b ^ 25 m HP-1 capillary "(Hewlett Packard) j ÒÏ~& . ò "«ïf 1 µL(split ratio 70), "« ¦~ Nê f 280 C .V J6Nêº 80 C, 10 C/minb 290 Cræ ßNB 10ª* Fæ~&b ¦ÂV~ Nêº 290 C ~& . "Ú ÿ&Êº î ²(Bê 99.999%)¢ ÒÏ~&b "Ú Fïf 4.0 mL/ minî . 3.2. o. o. o. o. o. þO» þö ÒÏB :Jf LG;F B® êWB º ³zWöB B Polyoxyethylene ê~ KoemulOA-5f Koemul-OA-14¢ 1:1, 1% b B~ F zB ÒÏ~&b î O-W öfbj B~& . r ò~ çêº 372 NTU ¢~& . *î Î&ö ~ 'Ëj rjV *~ 1N NaCl Ï" 1N NaOH Ïj B~ 7ïj 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1%(0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1 M) æzB &B Î& ê batch E/F >wV¢ Ï~ C > w*j 62ª(*{ 5 *~¢ Ú"º * 60ª, *{ 5 *~ 7V ê V~ ¦ç* 2ª)b ~ þj. ~& . E/F >w *{f 6 V ~&, òº 10ª *Ïb j~ TPH ³ê¢ ªC~&b, þ Nêº 25Û1 C Fæ~& . pH æzö V 'Ëj rjV *~ pH¢ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10b æzB &B ?f öB E/F þj. ~& . 3.3. Fig. 2. Copper vs. Titanium coating electrode (pH = 5.6, initial TPH conc. = 1,000 mg/L, volume of surfactant solution = 500 mL, distance of electrodes = 4 cm, voltage = 6 V).. ;~ ÎNj jv Ö" Ò¢ *b ÒÏ~&j ãÖ~ ÎN z Ö>~² ¾æÒ (Fig. 2). º · b ÒÏB .³~ *V*êê Nö V~º ©b 6B . ¾, Ò*~ ãÖ ËV* ÒÏ .³ ~ ÏÂ Ê &ïb B~º ^B6 B ~² B . > æª z+ *j ÒÏ~&j ãÖö º ËV* ÒÏ öê Ê ~ B>æ p~ . V¢B, *~ WË" n;W j J~ z+*j ÒÏ~ þj ~& . *î Î&ö ~ 'Ëj rjV *~ þ Ö " Fig. 3öB º:f ? *îj Î&~&j ãÖ Î&~æ p~j r 40% ;ê~ ÎN Ã&¢ ¾æÚ î . º NaCl " ?f *î Î&> ^V 7). o. 4.. Ö" 5 V. V þ~ Ö"¢ :ûb ·b Ò¢ ÒÏ~ &j ãÖf æª z+ *j ÒÏ~&j ãÖ E/F 6). Fig. 3. Effects of electrolyte addition (pH = 5.6, initial TPH conc. = 1,000 mg/L, volume of surfactant solution = 500 mL, distance of electrodes = 4 cm, voltage = 6 V). Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 56~60, 2003.

(4) *V¦çj Ï Æ·^; FÂ> ¾Òö & : *î 5 pH~ 'Ë. 59. Îv ³êö V¢ BN'b ÎN Ã&~& . v *î Îv 0.4~1.0% ³ê º*öB ï;ö ê~ º *f 20ªb ¾æÒ .. NaOH. 5.. Fig. 4. Effects of NaCl addition (pH = 5.6, initial TPH conc. = 1,000 mg/L, volume of surfactant solution = 500 mL, distance of electrodes = 4 cm, voltage = 6 V).. Ö . *V¦çV»j F~ J"B Æ·^; FÂ> ¾Òö 'Ï~º ®ÚB *î 5 pH~ 'Ëj rj Ö". r" ?f Öj áj > ®î . 1. Ò¢ ·b ÒÏ~&j ãÖ ÎN z Ö>~ ² ¾æÒb¾, Ò*~ ãÖ ËV* ÒÏ .³~ Ï Â Ê &ïb B~º ^B6 B~ *~ WË" n;W j J~ z+ *j ÒÏ~ & . 2. *îj Î&~&j ãÖ Î&~æ p~j r. 40% ;ê~ ÎN Ã&¢ ¾æÚî . 3. NaClj "«~&j ãÖ NaOH¢ "«~&j r . jv' ±f ÎNj ¾æÚî . 4. *î~ ³êº 0.2~1.0%~ ³êº*öB NaClf NaOH Îv ³êö V¢ BN'b ÎN Ã&~& . v *î Îv 0.4~1.0% ³ê º*öB ï;ö ê~ º *f 20ªb ¾æÒ .. 6Ò~ & º 2003jê 7Ú&v vÚFj~ æ öö ~ >¯>îb ö 6Òãî . Fig. 5. Effects of NaOH addition (pH = 5.6, initial TPH conc. = 1,000 mg/L, volume of surfactant solution = 500 mL, distance of electrodes = 4 cm, voltage = 6 V).. ß® >²V~ V¢ 6²Ê² > 'Ëb ~ E/F ;~ ÎN Ã&~º ©b 6B . *î~ '; "« ³ê 5 '; *îj rjV *~ 1N NaCl" NaOH~ ³ê¢ æzB &B. þ Ö" Fig. 4f Fig. 5öB º ©" ? NaCl j "«~&j ãÖ jv' ±f ÎNj ¾æÚî . º NaOH~ ãÖöº Ï~ pH¢ çßB ÏÚö *~¢ v² ~º N~ · *Ú Ú *~& £~² > ~ *Vª >w ç&'b £~ V Bï *Ú V r^ö E/F ;~ ÎN &~ Êº ©b 6B . *î~ ³êº 0.2~1.0%~ ³êº*öB NaClf 8). Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 56~60, 2003. ^^ò 1. Pletcher, D., Industrial Electrochemical, New York Chapman and Hall (1982). 2. Mallikarjunan, R. and Venkatachalam, V., “Electroflotation a review”, Proceeding of the International Symposium on Electrochemistry in Mineral and Metal Processing, 165th meeting of Electrochemistry Society, Cincinnati, OH, USA, 233-256 (1984). 3. Fukui, Y. and Yuu, S., “Collection of submicron particles in electro-flotation”, Chemical Engineering Science, 35(7), pp. 1097-1105 (1993). 4. Collins, L. and Jameson, J., “Double- layer effects in the flotation of fine particles”, Chemical Engineering Science, 32(3), pp. 239-246 (1977). 5. Ashraf, Y. H., “Separating oil from oil-water emulsions by electroflotation technique”, Separations Technology, 6, pp. 9-17 (1996)..

(5) 60. 6.. ²;*Áç¢ÁË~. ²;*, ç¢, “*V¦ç»j Ï Æ·^; FÂ> ¾ Òö & ”, æ~>Æ·~ã²æ, 7(3), pp. 79-. 84 (2002). 7. Dodd, C. and Hodgson, D. R., Electrocatalysis, bubbles and noise, ICI Chemicals and Polymers Ltd, PO Box 7, Win-. 8.. nington Laboratory, Northwich, Cheshire CW8 4DJ (1994). , , , ,“ O/W Emulsion ”, , pp. 427-430 (2001).. f7 7; "C Z' *V¦çö ~ ~ ¾Ò b~ã²Á&ç~>ê² ÿ¾êFB². Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 56~60, 2003.

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