Determination of Types and Element on Parking Ramp

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* ᱥԉݡ⦺Ʊ ☁༊Ŗ⦺ŝ ၶᔍᙹഭ ([email protected])

*** ᱥ௝ԉࠥℎ qᔍšᝅ ʑᚁqᔍݕݚ ᔍྕš ([email protected])

Received February 15, 2013/ revised March 26, 2013/ accepted April 11, 2013

Copyright ⵑ 2013 by the Korean Society of Civil Engineers

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0)

ǣǣȀȀǤǤȀͳͲǤͳʹ͸ͷʹȀǤʹͲͳ͵Ǥ͵͵ǤͷǤʹͲʹͳ

ǤǤǤ

⺺㇦ⵣ#ᵦ㫂#㯓⢛#ቮⷓ#⇍#ⷚⲎ#♮ⷓ⮎#ኾ㬚#⮮ጪ

֫ন۩ȵ׌ଗࢠȵْఢָȵ෇೾ஜ

Kwon, Sung-Dae, Kim, Yoon-Mi, Nam, Chang-Kyu, Ha, Tae-Jun****

Determination of Types and Element on Parking Ramp

ABSTRACT

Due to the rapid economic growth within the nation, the quality of life of individuals have improved dramatically. The scope of living activities of individuals have also extended, resulting in a rapidly increasing demand for automobiles. The number of vehicles registered in Korea is rapidly increasing and will reach 188.71 million as of December 2012. Compared to the registered residents of 50.94 million provided by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security, the registered population reflects about 4 people per every automobile.

Due to the high demands for vehicles, the demands for parking lots in collective housing and businesses are also increasing. In reality, the current state of expansion of parking lots are underground, due to the limited available space on ground level. Specifically, the slope of a parking lot cannot exceed 17% linear slope and 14% curved slope according to the ‘parking lot laws’, however studies show that the driver feels at risk for safety when stopped on the parking ramp while driving in the parking lot. This study seeks to examine the suitability of parking lot ramps, concerning the safety aspects of the driver. First, the ramp type was categorized as linear or curved, then test drives were performed based on variations of slopes, slant distances, directions and points. A survey was administered to the driver after the completion of the test drive, in order to element design for an ideal ramp. In the case of curved ramp, the results of the estimate suggests a counterclockwise, slope at a maximum of 12% incline. The maximum slope for a linear ramp was analyzed to be between 13~14%, suggesting that slope greater than 15% need to be eliminated. In conclusion, it is anticipated that the element design parking ramp reported in this study will help to serve as a reference for future parking lot related guidelines, and provide cost effective traffic safety mechanisms in future parking lot businesses to follow.

Key words : Parking lot, Parking planning, Traffic safety, Slope of parking ramp section

Ⅹಾ

↽ɝɪĊ⦽Ğᱽᖒᰆŝ޵ᇩᨕǎၝ}}ᯙ᮹ᔗ᮹ḩᯕ⨆ᔢࡹŁ, ᯱ࠺₉ᅕɪශ᮹⡎ၽᱢᯙ᷾aಽᯙ⧕ᔾ⪽ǭᩎᯕɪᗮࠥಽ⪶ݡࡹ۵⇵ᖙ ᯕ݅. 2012֥12ᬵัʑᵡᮝಽǎԕᯱ࠺₉॒ಾݡᙹ۵18,871อݡಽእ᧞ᱢᯙ᷾aෝᅕᯕŁᯩᮝ໑, ⧪ᱶᦩᱥᇡ᮹ᵝၝ॒ಾᯙǍᙹa5,094 อ໦ŝእƱ⧁ভᯱ࠺₉1ݡݚᵝၝ॒ಾᯙǍᙹ۵᧞4໦ᮝಽӹ┡ӹŁᯩ۵ᝅᱶᯕ݅. ᯕ۵ᯱ࠺₉ᙹ᫵aฯᦥᵝ┾݉ḡ, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ॒

ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹ᙹ᫵ࠥ⧉̹᷾a⦹Łᯩḡอ, ḡᔢ᮹⦽ᱶࡽŖeᮝಽᯙ⦹ᩍݡᇡᇥ᮹ᵝ₉ᰆᮥḡ⦹ಽᖅ⊹⦹Łᯩ۵ᝅᱶᯕ݅. ✚⯩, ‘ᵝ₉ᰆჶ’ᨱ

᮹⦹໕ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹Ğᔍ۵Ḣᖁᇡ17%, łᖁᇡ14%ෝⅩŝ⦹ḡ༜⦹ࠥಾ᜽⧪⦹Łᯩḡอ, ᬕᱥᯱaᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵝ⧪ᵲຩ∑ᖁĞᬑᨱ۵ᬕᱥᯱ

ᦩᱥ⊂໕ᨱᕽ⍅݅௡᭥⨹᫵ᯙᮝಽ᯲ᬊ⦹۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕᨱᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᨱݡ⧕ᬕᱥᯱᦩᱥᖒ⊂໕᮹ᱢ⧊ᖒᩍᇡෝá

☁⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. ᬑᖁ, ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ᮥłᖁᇡ᪡Ḣᖁᇡಽᇥඹ⦹Ł, Ğᔍᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᄥ, ႊ⨆ᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᨱ঑ෙḡᱱᄥ॒ᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍᵝ⧪

ᝅ⨹⬥ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮥᔑᱶ⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. əđŝ, łᖁᇡ۵ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆, ↽ݡĞᔍ12%ෝǭᮁ⦹໑, Ḣᖁᇡ᮹Ğᬑ

İࣀėॡ

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↽ݡĞᔍ۵13~14%ಽᇥᕾࡹᨕ15% ᯕᔢᮡḡ᧲⧕᧝⧁äᮝಽᔍഭࡽ݅. đುᱢᮝಽ, ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽᱽ᜽⦽ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱ᮹ᱽ᜽

ෝ☖⧕⨆⬥ᵝ₉ᰆšಉʑᵡᱶพᮡྜྷು, ᵝ₉ᰆšಉᔍᨦ⇵ḥ᜽እᬊ읆⬉ᮉᱢᯙƱ☖ᦩᱥ}ᖁݡᦩᮝಽ⪽ᬊࢁᙹᯩᮥäᮝಽʑݡࡽ݅.

áᔪᨕ ᵝ₉ᰆ, ᵝ₉ĥ⫮, Ʊ☖ᦩᱥ, ᵝ₉ఉ⥥ᇡĞᔍ

Fig. 1. Flowchart of Research

1. ᕽು

1.1 ઴֜ଭࢼլࢫࡧୡ

ᬑญӹ௝᮹ɪĊ⦽Ğᱽᖒᰆᮝಽǎၝ}}ᯙ᮹ᔗ᮹ḩᯕ׳ᦥ ḡŁ ᯱ࠺₉ᙹ᫵a ɪᗮࠥಽ ᷾a⧉ᨱ঑௝ ᔾᔑ ⪽࠺ᮡྜྷು

ᔾ⪽ǭᩎ᮹ჵᵝaⓍí⪶ݡࡹ۵⇵ᖙᯕ݅. ǎԕᯱ࠺₉॒ಾݡᙹ ۵2012֥12ᬵัᮥʑᵡᮝಽ18,871อݡෝչᨕᖑ݅. ⧪ᱶᦩᱥ ᇡ᮹ᵝၝ॒ಾᯙǍᙹa5,094อ໦ŝእƱ⦹໕, ᯱ࠺₉1ݡݚᵝၝ

॒ಾᯙǍᙹ۵᧞3.70໦ᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯱ࠺₉᮹ᙹ᫵a׳ᦥḡ໕ ᕽᵝ┾݉ḡ, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ॒᮹ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹ᙹ᫵ࠥ⧉̹᷾a⦹Ł

ᯩḡอ, ḡᔢ᮹⦽ᱶࡽŖeᮝಽᯙ⦹ᩍݡᇡᇥ᮹ᵝ₉Ŗeᮥḡ⦹

ಽ ⪶ݡ ᖅ⊹⦹Ł ᯩ۵ ᝅᱶᯕ݅.

ੱ⦽, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ᮹Ğᬑ᳢ᮡᇡḡ᮹⪽ᬊࠥෝ׳ᯕʑ

᭥⧕ḡᔢᅕ݅۵ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆᮥᖁ⪙⦹Łᯩ۵⇵ᖙᯕ݅. ࠥᝍḡ

ᵝᄡ᮹ ᔢa, ᔍ௭ॅ᮹ ⇽᯦ᯕ ᰇᮡ ݡ⩶ ษ✙ ၰ ႒⪵ᱱ ॒ᮡ

ᝍb⦽ ᵝ₉ӽᮝಽ ᯙ⧕ ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆ ᐱอ ᦥܩ௝ ᵝ₉ෝ ᭥⦽

Õྜྷᮥ঑ಽḡᨕᬕᩢ⦹Łᯩ݅. ᯕ⃹ౝי᫙ᵝ₉ᰆᮡ݉ḡĥ⫮

ၰÕྜྷ᮹ᖅĥ᜽Łಅ⧕᧝⦹۵⦥ᙹᱢᯙ᫵ᗭಽ⧕ᕾࡹᨕḥ݅.

‘ᵝ₉ᰆჶ’ᨱ᮹⦹໕ᵝ₉ᰆĞᔍಽ᮹᳦݉Ğᔍࠥ۵Ḣᖁᇡᇥ

17%, łᖁᇡᇥ14%ෝⅩŝ⦹ḡ༜⦹ࠥಾ᜽⧪⦹Łᯩḡอ, ⧕ݚ

ʑᵡ ᩎ᜽ ᬕᱥᯱᨱí ᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӝí ⦹۵ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

ᯕᨱᅙᩑǍ۵ᬕᱥᯱᦩᱥᖒ⊂໕ᨱᕽᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹Ğᔍࠥa

ᱢ⧊⦽ḡᨱݡ⧕á☁⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. ᬑᖁᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ᮥłᖁᇡ

᪡Ḣᖁᇡಽᇥඹ⦹Ł, łᖁᇡ᮹Ğᬑ⫭ᱥႊ⨆ᯕᬕᱥᯱ᮹᜽bᱢ

⦽݅. Ḣᖁᇡ᮹ĞᬑbĞᔍᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᨱ঑ෙḡᱱ ᄥಽ ᬕᱥᯱa ᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӝ۵ Ǎeᮥ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ ⬥ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ

☖⧕ᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥᇥᕾ⦽݅. ↽᳦ᱢᮝಽᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡ, Ḣᖁᇡ᮹

⩶᜾ đᱶ ၰ ᱽᬱᮥ ᔑᱶ⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.

1.2 ઴֜ଭٛ૳ࢫࢺ࣑

ᅙ ᩑǍ۵ ᵝ₉ᰆ ఉ⥥ ⩶᜾ᮥ łᖁᇡ᪡ Ḣᖁᇡಽ ᇥඹ⦹ᩍ

ᱽᬱᮥᔑᱶ⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. ຝᱡ, ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹

ྙᱽᱱᮥ❭ᦦ⦽⬥ᇥᕾࡽྙᱽᱱᮥ☁ݡಽᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ᜽⦽݅.

łᖁᇡఉ⥥۵ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕᜽ĥႊ⨆ŝၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆, ᯝႊ⨆

ŝ᧲ႊ⨆॒⩶᜾ᮥđᱶ⦹Ł, ఉ⥥᮹ĞᔍၰĞᔍÑญ, ĞᔍÑญ ᨱ঑௝ḡᱱᄥᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹⬥ᬕᱥᯱa᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵Ǎeᨱݡ⧕

⇵a ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩍ ᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥ ᇥᕾ⦽݅.

Ḣᖁᇡᩎ᜽ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥ☖⧕Ğᔍᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᨱ

঑ෙḡᱱᄥᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥᇥᕾ⦹Ł, ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮥ

ᱽ᜽⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. Fig. 1ᮡᅙᩑǍ᮹}ఖᱢᯙᩑǍᙹ⧪⮱෥ࠥᯕ݅.

1.3 ઴֜ଭ࣐଍

ᅙᩑǍ᮹Ŗeᱢჵ᭥۵ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ᵝÑ݉ḡ, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ

॒49}᮹ᵝ₉ᰆᮥݡᔢᮝಽ⩥ᰆ᳑ᔍෝᝅ᜽⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᜽eᱢ

ჵ᭥ಽ۵ᵝ₉ᰆ⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᯕᄡĞࡹḡᦫᮡ2011֥⩥ᰆ᳑ᔍ

ᯱഭෝ ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ᪡ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

2. ʑ᳕ᩑǍྙ⨭Łₑ

2.1 சఙୋ࣑ਏෘָಀࢫசఙୋ઩ւ෉઴֜

2.1.1 ֝ഠැઑऀ“சఙୋ࣑ਏෘָಀ”(2011)

ᵝ₉ᰆᯕ௡ǎ☁⧕᧲ᇡಚᱽ304⪙‘ᵝ₉ᰆჶ’ ᱽ1ᰆ2᳑ᨱ᮹Ñ

⦹ᩍᯱ࠺₉᮹ᵝ₉ෝ᭥⦽᜽ᖅಽᕽⓍíיᔢ, י᫙, ᇡᖅᵝ₉ᰆᮝ ಽ ӹڽ݅.

ⴗיᔢᵝ₉ᰆ(䈣⿦䅛㽌㉻) : ࠥಽ᮹י໕ੱ۵Ʊ☖Ųᰆ᮹ᯝᱶ⦽

Ǎᩎᨱᖅ⊹ࡽᵝ₉ᰆᮝಽᕽᯝၹ(⿠㳥)᮹ᯕᬊᨱᱽŖࡹ۵ä ⴘי᫙ᵝ₉ᰆ(䈣㊲䅛㽌㉻) : ࠥಽ᮹י໕ၰƱ☖Ųᰆ᫙᮹ᰆᗭᨱ

ᖅ⊹ࡽ ᵝ₉ᰆᮝಽᕽ ᯝၹ᮹ ᯕᬊᨱ ᱽŖࡹ۵ ä

ⴙᇡᖅᵝ₉ᰆ(䂛㹤䅛㽌㉻) : Õ⇶ྜྷ, ŉ⥥ᩑ᜖ᰆ, əၷᨱᵝ₉ᙹ

᫵ෝ ᮁၽ⦹۵ ᜽ᖅᨱ ᇡݡ(䂛㏭)⦹ᩍ ᖅ⊹ࡽ ᵝ₉ᰆᮝಽᕽ

⧕ݚÕ⇶ྜྷ·᜽ᖅ᮹ᯕᬊᯱੱ۵ᯝၹ᮹ᯕᬊᨱᱽŖࡹ۵ä

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down up

up down

Fig. 2. Ramp and Curve Section

ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹᳦݉Ğᔍࠥ۵Ḣᖁᇡ17%, łᖁᇡ14%ෝⅩŝ⧕

ᕽ۵ ᦩࡽ݅.

2.1.2 ઽ֝ଭசఙ୨థ

ᩢǎᮡbḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᄥಽᵝ₉ᱶ₦ᯕᱶ⧕Კᯩ݅. ౑޹᮹

Ğᬑ, eᖁࠥಽᨱᕽქᜅ᫙᮹ᵝᱶ₉ෝɩḡ⦹۵‘Red Route’ෝ

᯦ࠥ⦹Łᯩᮝ໑, י᫙ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹⪽ᖒ⪵᪡ࠥᝍḥ᯦ᮥᨖᱽ⦹ʑ

᭥⦽ ᫵ɩᱶ₦ᮥ ⠝ℱ ₉ప☖⧪ᮥ ↽ᗭ⪵⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

2.1.3 ࢠ֝ଭசఙ୨థ

ၙǎ᮹ Ğᬑ, ᅕ☖ ᵝ₉ᰆ ᇡᖅ᮹ྕ ʑᵡᮡ Õྜྷ ᩑᔢ ໕ᱢ

॒᮹ᬱ݉᭥ಽᇡ░↽ᗭ⦽⪶ᅕ⧕᧝⧁ᵝ₉ݡᙹෝȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅.

ੱ⦽, ↽ᗭᵝ₉ᰆᇡᖅ᮹ྕʑᵡ᮹ᖅᱶŝŖŖᵝ₉ᰆÕᖅ, ᙹ᫵

⦝Ⓧ᜽eݡa݅ෙÕྜྷᵝ₉ᰆ᮹Ŗ࠺ᯕᬊ॒᮹ᩍ్aḡᱶ₦ᮥ

ᝅ᜽ ੱ۵ á☁⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

2.1.4 ଵ࣭ଭசఙ୨థ

ᯝᅙ᮹ᵝ₉ᱶ₦ᮡ1962֥ᯱ࠺₉ᅕšᰆᗭ॒᮹⪶ᅕ॒ᨱ

š⦽ჶශᱽᱶᮥ☖⦹ᩍ₉Łḡ᷾໦ᱽෝᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅. Ğₑℎ☖ᱽ

⦹ᨱᯩᮝ໑, ᵝ᫵ԕᬊᮡᝁȽၰᔍᬊᅙÑḡᄡĞ, ੱ۵ᯕᱥ

॒ŝzᮡᯱ࠺₉॒ಾ᜽ᅕšᰆᗭ⪶ᅕෝ᮹ྕ⦹⦹ᩡ݅. ݡᔢḡᩎ

ᮡ1962֥6ݡࠥ᜽ᨱᕽ᜽᯲⦹ᩍᱥǎᱢᮝಽ⪶ݡ⦹ᩡ݅. ᯱ࠺₉

ᅕšᰆᗭಽᕽࠥಽ᮹ᔍᬊᮡɩḡ⦹Łࠥಽᔢᰆ᜽eᵝ₉ෝɩḡ

⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ₉Łḡ᮹᭥⊹۵ᅙÑḡಽᇡ░2km ᯕԕಽ⦽ᱶ⦹ᩡ݅.

2.1.5 ૈ୍෈૤1଴(2009)

ᵝ₉ᯕᬊᝅ┽᳑ᔍᯱഭෝᔍᬊ⦹ᩍᵝ₉ᰆჶ᮹Ŗ࠺ᵝ┾ᵝ₉ ᰆᖅ⊹ʑᵡᮥá᷾⦽đŝ, ᵝ₉ᰆჶᨱᕽᱽ᜽⦽ᩑᔢ໕ᱢᨱ঑ෙ

ᵝ₉ᰆᖅ⊹ʑᵡᮡᵝ₉ᯕᬊᝅ┽᳑ᔍᯱഭ᪡ᔢݚ⯩ᮁᔍ⦹íӹ

┡ӹḡอḡᩎŝᵝ┾Ƚ༉ᨱ঑ෙ₉ᯕ۵ᮁ᮹ၙ⦹ḡᦫᮡäᮝಽ

ӹ┡ԍ݅.

2.1.6 Zhou, S ૤3଴(2007)

Zhou, S ᫙3ᯙ(2007)ᮡᵝ₉ᦩԕ᜽ᜅ▽ᮥʑၹᮝಽᵝ₉Ğಽ

↽ᱢ⪵༉ߙᮥᱽ᜽⦹ᩍ↽᳦ᱢᮝಽࠥ⇽ࡽ༉ߙᮥChangchun Guolian ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹ ᝅᱽ ߑᯕ░ෝ ᔍᬊ⦹ᩍ á᷾⦹ᩡ݅.

2.1.7 ୋ৤୨૤2଴(2004)

ᦥ❭✙ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹᳑ࠥ۵⠪Ɂ᳑ࠥᨱᇡ⧊⦹ࠥಾᖅ⊹/ᬕᩢ

ࡹᨕ᪵ḡอ, ᯕ۵↽ᱢ᮹⪹Ğᨱᕽᯕ൉ᨕḥᖒ܆⠪aಽəݡಽ

ᱢᬊ⦹ʑᨱྕญaᯩᮝအಽ, ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹ᦩᱥŝᅕᦩᨱ۵ኼ᮹

᧲ᅕ݅۵Ɂḩ⦽⪹Ğᯕ޵ⓑᩢ⨆ᮥၙ⊹အಽ⠪Ɂ᳑ࠥ⨆ᔢŝ

⩶Ųఉ⥥᮹✚ᖒᮥŁಅ⦽ᅕ݅ᝅᱽᱢᯙᬕᬊႊᦩᮥ༉ᔪ⧕᧝

⦽݅Ł ᱽ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

2.1.8 ହْ׆૤2଴(2003)

ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆ ᔢᇡǍ᳑᮹ Õ⇶ĥ⫮ ၰ ᖅĥ݉ĥᨱᕽ᮹ Ǎ᳑ᱢ

šญᖒ॒ᮥ᳦⧊ᱢᮝಽ⠪a⦹ᩍᔢᇡǍ᳑⩶᜾ ᖁᱶᨱᮁ⬉⦽

ʑⅩᯱഭෝ ᱽ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

2.2 ׆୼઴֜૕ଭఙ࣢ন

ʑ᳕ᩑǍᨱᕽᱽ᜽⦽ၵᨧ۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾đᱶၰᦩᱥᖒᮥ

Łಅ⦽ᱽᬱ᮹ᱽ᜽ෝ᭥⧕, ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥Ğᔍʑᵡᯙłᖁᇡ14%, Ḣᖁᇡ17%aᱢ⧊⦽ḡᨱݡ⧕á☁⦽⬥ᬕᱥᯱᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥ

Łಅ⦹ᩍ, ᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡ᪡Ḣᖁᇡఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮥᖅྙ᳑ᔍ

ၰ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥ ☖⧕ ᅕ݅ ⩥ᝅᱢᯙ sᮥ ᱽ᜽⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.

3. ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⦽ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ྙᱽᱱᱽ᜽

3.1 ডࢂ۩ঃୀট୨

ᖅྙ᳑ᔍݡᔢᯱ۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵲłᖁᇡ᪡Ḣᖁᇡ, ᪅෕สŝ

ԕญส, ᯝႊ⨆ŝ᧲ႊ⨆॒ᵝ₉ᰆᮥᯕᬊ⦽Ğ⨹ᯕᯩ۵⦝⨹ᯱ

ⅾ100໦ᮥݡᔢᮝಽᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅. ⦝⨹ᯱ᮹ᵝšᱢᯙ⠪aෝ᦭ᦥᅕ ʑ᭥⦹ᩍᖅྙ᳑ᔍᯱ1໦ᮥݡᔢᮝಽᖅྙḡ4}ᨱݡ⦹ᩍݖᄡ⦹

۵ ⩶᜾ᮝಽ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᮲ݖᯱ ᗮᖒᮡ Fig. 3ŝ

z݅.

(4)

Male Female

20's 30's 40's 50's

GSex GAge

Uneder 1yr 1yr~3yr 4yr~6yr 7yr~10yr 10yr and over

A time/week 2~4times/week 2~3times/month Daily

GDrive-Experience GDrive-Frequency Fig. 3. Distribution of the Survey Respondents

Fig. 4. Development of Survey Sheet

Curve Section

Tangent Section

Very Dangerous Dangerous So so Uphill Downhill

Question 1 Question 2

Arrival

Stop

Start

Very Safety Safety So so

One-Way Two-Way

Question 3 Question 4

Fig. 5. Survey Result

3.2 ডࢂ୺ॷ஺Թࢳ

ℌჩṙ, ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᨱݡ⧕łᖁᇡ᪡Ḣᖁᇡࢹᵲᖁ┾⦹۵

⩶᜾ᮝಽ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩡ݅. ࢱ ჩṙ, ᵝ₉ᰆ ఉ⥥ ᵝ⧪ ᜽ ᪅෕สŝ

ԕญสᮥ እƱ⦹ᩡ݅. ⦝⨹ᯱ۵ ᵝ₉ᰆᮥ ᵝ⧪⦹໕ᕽ ᪅෕สŝ

ԕญสᵲᨕ۱἞ᯕ޵᭥⨹⦽aᨱݡ⦹ᩍ, ᮲ݖᮡ“ๅᬑ᭥⨹⦹

݅”, “᭥⨹⦹݅” ಽ ݖ⦹Ł, ࢱ ⩶᜾ ᵲ ₉ᯕa ᨧ݅Ł ۱ӝ໕

“ ᅕ☖ᯕ݅”௝Ł᮲ݖ⦹۵ႊ᜾ᮝಽǍᖒ⦹ᩡ݅. ᖙჩṙ, ᪅෕สŝ

ԕญส ᵲ ⦹ӹෝ ᖁ┾⦽ Ğᬑ ᵝ₉ᰆ ԕ ᵝ⧪ ᜽ ᨕ۱ Ğᬑᨱ

aᰆ᭥⨹⦹݅Ł۱ӝ۵aᨱݡ⧕ḩྙ⦹ᩡ݅. օჩṙ, ᵝ₉ᰆ

⡎ᬱᨱ ݡ⧕ᯝႊ⨆ŝ ᧲ႊ⨆ᨱ ݡ⧕ᨕ۱ ἞ᯕ ޵ᦩᱥ⦽aᨱ

ݡ⧕ḩྙ⦹ᩍ, ɮᱶᱢᯙ᮲ݖᮡ“ๅᬑᦩᱥ⦹݅”, “ᦩᱥ⦹݅”ಽ

ݖ⦹Ł, ࢹ݅እ᜘⦹݅Ł۱ӝ໕“ᅕ☖ᯕ݅”௝Ł᮲ݖ⦹۵⩶᜾ᮝ ಽ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩍ Fig. 4᪡ zᯕ ᖅྙᮥ ᯲ᖒ⦹ᩡ݅.

3.3 ডࢂ୺ॷէր

ᅙᖅྙ᳑ᔍđŝ, ℌჩṙ, “ȡ⦹aᯕᬊ⦹۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ᮡ

ᨕ۱ä᯦ܩʭ?”௝۵ḩྙᨱłᖁᇡ᪡Ḣᖁᇡ༉ࢱŁෙᇥ⡍ෝ

ӹ┡ԩ݅.

ࢱჩṙ, “ȡ⦹۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵝ⧪᜽ᨕ۱἞ᯕ޵᭥⨹⦹݅Ł

ᯙ᜾ࢊܩʭ?”௝۵ḩྙᨱԕญสᅕ݅۵᪅෕สᯕ71% ޵᭥⨹⦽

äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕ۵ԕญส᮹Ğᬑᬕᱥᯱ⊂໕ᨱ᜽Ña᪅෕ส ᅕ݅ ޵ ⪶ᅕࡹ۵ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

ᖙჩṙ, “ȡ⦹۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵝ⧪᜽ᨕ۱Ğᬑᨱaᰆ᭥⨹⦹݅

Łᯙ᜾ࢊܩʭ?”௝۵ḩྙᨱ92%᮹ᬕᱥᯱaᵲeᨱຩ∑ᖁĞᬑ ಽݖ⦹ᩡ݅. ✚⯩, ԕญสᅕ݅᪅෕สᮥᖁ┾⦽⦝⨹ᯱॅᯕᵲeᨱ

ຩ∑ᖑᮥ ভ ޵ ᭥⨹⦹݅Ł ᯙ᜾⦹۵ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅.

օჩṙ, “ȡ⦹۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵝ⧪᜽ᨕ۱἞ᯕ޵ᦩᱥ⦹݅Ł

ᯙ᜾ࢊܩʭ?”௝۵ḩྙᨱݡ⦹ᩍ⦝⨹ᯱॅᮡᯝႊ⨆ᅕ݅᧲ႊ⨆ᯕ

޵ᦩᱥ⦹݅Łݖ⦹ᩡ۵ߑ, ᯕ۵ᵝ₉ᰆ⡎ᬱᯕմᮥᙹಾᬕᱥᯱॅ

ᮡ ᝍญᱢᮝಽ ޵ ᦩᱥ⦹í ۱ӝ۵ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

4. ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾đᱶၰᱽᬱᔑᱶ

4.1 ডࢂ୺ॷࠜധ෉մটऀ޽ඹ෴ਐէ୨ 4.1.1 ডࢂ۩ঃୀ൉নंඑࢫডࢂ஺Թࢳ

ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ۵ᬕᱥᯱ130໦ᮥݡᔢᮝಽ⦹ᩍ118໦᮹⦝⨹ᯱa

᮲ݖ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ⫭ᙹᮉᮡ90.8%ᯕ໑, əᵲᇩపၰđ⊂ᯱഭෝ

ᱽ᫙⦹ᩍ 105}᮹ ᯱഭෝ ⪶ᅕ⦹ᩡ݅. ӹ┡ԍ݅. ᖅྙݡᔢᯱ᮹

✚ᖒ ᇥ⡍۵ ݅ᮭŝ z݅.

(5)

Male Female

Uneder 1yr 1yr~3yr 4yr~6yr 10yr and over

GSex GAge

20's 30's 40's 50's

GDrive-Experience GDrive-Frequency Fig. 6. Distribution of the Survey Respondents

Fig. 7. Pairwise Comparison at the Curve Section Ramp(Visibility)

SPSS 21.0ᮥᯕᬊ⦽ᝁ഑ࠥᇥᕾđŝⓍುၵ⦹᦭❭sᯕ0.503

ᮝಽ ᝁ഑ࠥa ᯩ݅Ł ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.

⫭ᙹࡽᖅྙḡ᮹ₙᩍᯱᙹ105໦ᵲ80%aԉᖒ, ӹນḡ20%a

ᩍᖒᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᩑಚݡ۵20ݡa47%ಽݡᇡᇥᮥ₉ḡ⦹ᩡŁ

40ݡa14%, 50ݡa5% ᙽᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᬕᱥĞಆᮡᖅྙ᳑ᔍᨱ

ₙᩍ⦽ᔍ௭ॅ᮹64%a1֥ၙอᮝಽaᰆ׳ᮡእᮉᮥӹ┡ԩ݅.

aᰆ ฯᮡ ᬕᱥኩࠥ۵ 29%a ๅᯝ ᬕᱥ⦽݅Ł ݖ⦹ᩡ݅.

łᖁᇡఉ⥥⩶᜾đᱶᖅྙ᳑ᔍ᮹Ğᬑᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ྙᱽᱱᨱ

ݡ⦽ᖅྙ᳑ᔍđŝᯙ᪅෕สᯕ޵᭥⨹⦹݅Łࠥ⇽ࡽᱱᮥŁಅ⦹

ᩍłᖁᇡఉ⥥۵᪍௝iভอᮝಽaᱶ⦹ᩡ݅. ⫭ᱥႊ⨆ᮡ᜽ĥႊ

⨆ŝၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᮝಽǍᇥ⦹ᩡŁ, ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕ᯝႊ⨆ŝ᧲ႊ

⨆ᨱ ݡ⦽ ᜽ᯙᖒŝ ᦩᱥᖒ ⊂໕ᮥ ᇥᕾ⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.

ℌჩṙ, ᜽ᯙᖒᨱݡ⦽ᖅྙḡḩྙᮡᔍḥᮝಽᅕ۵bb᮹

ఉ⥥ᵲᨱᨕ۱ႊ⨆᮹᜽ᯙᖒᯕᳬᮡḡᨱݡ⧕ḩྙ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᜽ᯙ ᖒᯕ޵ᳬᮡႊ⨆ᨱݡ⧕ɮᱶᱢᯙݡݖᯙ“ๅᬑə౨݅”, “ə౨݅”

ಽݖ⦹Ł, ࢱႊ⨆ᮥእƱ⦹ᩡᮥভ ₉ᯕaᨧ݅Ł۱ӝ໕“ᅕ☖ᯕ

݅”௝Ł ݖ⦹۵ ⩶᜾ᮝಽ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩍ Fig. 7ŝ zᯕ ᖅྙ⦹ᩡ݅.

ࢱჩṙ, ᦩᱥᖒᨱݡ⦽ᖅྙḡḩྙᮡᔍḥᮝಽᅕ۵bb᮹

ఉ⥥ᵲᨱᨕ۱ႊ⨆ᯕᦩᱥᖒᯕ޵ᳬᮡḡᨱݡ⧕ḩྙ⦹ᩡ݅.

ᦩᱥᖒᨱݡ⦽ᖅྙ᳑ᔍႊჶᮡ᜽ᯙᖒᨱݡ⦽ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ᪡ษ₍a ḡಽᦩᱥᖒᯕ޵ᳬᮡႊ⨆ᨱݡ⧕ɮᱶᱢᯙݡݖᯙ“ๅᬑə౨݅”,

“ə౨݅”ಽݖ⦹Ł, ࢱႊ⨆ᮥእƱ⦹ᩡᮥভ₉ᯕaᨧ݅Ł۱ӝ໕

“ᅕ☖ᯕ݅”௝Ł ݖ⦹۵ ⩶᜾ᮝಽ Ǎᖒ⦹ᩍ ᖅྙᮥ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

ᅙ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ đŝಽ ℌ ჩṙ, “ᵝ₉ᰆ łᖁᇡ ఉ⥥ ᵝ⧪ ᜽

ᨕ۱ႊ⨆᮹᜽ᯙᖒᯕ޵ᳬ݅Łᯙ᜾ࢊܩʭ?” ௝۵ḩྙᨱݡ⦹ᩍ

᮲ݖᯱॅᮡᯝႊ⨆/᧲ႊ⨆༉ࢱ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᅕ݅۵ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆᮹᜽

ᯙᖒᯕᳬ݅Łݖ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᜽ĥႊ⨆ၰၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆᮹Ğᬑᯝႊ⨆

ᅕ݅۵ ᧲ႊ⨆ᯕ ᜽ᯙᖒᯕ ᳬí ᯙ᜾ࡹ۵ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅.

Table 1ŝzᯕᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡఉ⥥ᵝ⧪᜽᜽ᯙᖒၰᦩᱥᖒ

⊂໕᮹ᖅྙ᳑ᔍđŝᨱݡ⧕ᯝႊ⨆+᜽ĥၹ⨆vs ᯝႊ⨆+ၹ᜽ĥ

ႊ⨆, ᧲ႊ⨆+᜽ĥႊ⨆vs ᧲ႊ⨆+ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆, ᯝႊ⨆+᜽ĥႊ⨆

vs ᧲ႊ⨆+᜽ĥႊ⨆, ᯝႊ⨆+ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆vs ᧲ႊ⨆+ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆

॒ ႊ⨆ᄥ ᝮݡእƱ đŝෝ ӹ┡ԙ äᯕ݅.

ℌჩṙ, ᜽ᯙᖒ⊂໕ᨱᕽᯝႊ⨆ŝ᧲ႊ⨆, ᜽ĥႊ⨆ŝၹ᜽ĥ

ႊ⨆ᮥƱ₉ಽእƱ⦹ᩡ݅. ᯝႊ⨆ᯝĞᬑ, ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆᮹᜽ᯙᖒᯕ

ᬑᙹ⦹݅Łݖ⦽ᯙᬱᮡᱥℕᯙᬱ᮹59%, ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᯕ௝Łݖ⦽

ᯙᬱᮡ33%ಽၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᯕ2႑aʭᯕ׳íӹ᪉äᮥ᦭ᙹ

ᯩ݅. ᧲ႊ⨆ᩎ᜽, ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆᮹᜽ᯙᖒᯕᬑᙹ⦹݅Łݖ⦽ᯙᬱᯕ

ᱥℕ᮹50%ಽ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᅕ݅׳íӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕಽᯙ⧕, ᱥℕᱢᮝಽ

ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᯕ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᅕ݅᜽Ñ⪶ᅕ⊂໕ᨱᕽ޵ᬒᬑᙹ⦽äᮝ ಽ ᔍഭࡽ݅.

᧲ႊ⨆ŝ ᯝႊ⨆ᮥ እƱ⧩ᮥ ভ, ᧲ႊ⨆ᯝ Ğᬑa ᯝႊ⨆ᯝ

ভᅕ݅ ᜽ᯙᖒᯕ ׳ᮡ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕ۵ ᧲ႊ⨆ᯝ Ğᬑa

ᯝႊ⨆ᯝ Ğᬑᅕ݅ ఉ⥥᮹ ⡎ᯕ մʑ ভྙᨱ ᬕᱥᯱ ᯦ᰆᨱᕽ

޵ մᮡ ᜽᧝ෝ ⪶ᅕ⧁ ᙹ ᯩʑ ভྙᯙ äᮝಽ ᔍഭࡽ݅.

ࢱჩṙ, ᦩᱥᖒ⊂໕ᨱᕽᖅྙ᳑ᔍ⦽đŝ, ᜽ĥႊ⨆ŝၹ᜽ĥႊ

⨆ᮡᱥℕᯙᬱ᮹ŝၹᙹaᄥ₉ᯕෝ۱ӝḡ༜⦽äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅.

ᯝႊ⨆ŝ ᧲ႊ⨆ᮥ እƱ⦽ đŝ, ᯝႊ⨆᮹ ᦩᱥᖒᯕ ׳݅Ł

(6)

Table 2. Case Summary

N %

Case

Valid 105 100.0

Exclude 0 .0

Total 105 100.0

Table 3. Reliability Analysis Statistic

Cronnach’s alpha Number of Item

.503 8

Type Answer

One-way Two-way

Cockwise Ccunterclockwise Cockwise Ccunterclockwise

Definitely 14 % 22 % 8 % 12 %

Usually 18 % 37 % 21 % 35 %

Probably 9 % 24 %

Total 100 % 100 %

Definitely Probably Usually

One-Way Counterclockwise One-Way Cockwise Definitely Probably Usually

Type Answer

Cockwise Counterclockwise One-way Two-way One-way Two-way

Definitely 12 % 25 % 11 % 23 %

Usually 21 % 27 % 20 % 39 %

Probably 5 % 7 %

Total 100 % 100 %

Fig. 8. Results of Survey Analysis(Visibility) Table 1. Survey Result of the Types at the Curve Section Ramp(Visibility)

Answer

Number

Visibility One-Way

Clockwise One-Way

Counterclockwise Two-Way

Clockwise Two-Way

Counterclockwise One-Way

Clockwise Two-Way

Clockwise One-Way

Counterclockwise Two-Way Counterclockwise Defi-

nitely Usual- ly Pro-

bably Usual- ly Defi-

nitely Defi- nitely Usual-

ly Pro- bably Usual-

ly Defi- nitely Defi-

nitely Usual- ly Pro-

bably Usual- ly Defi-

nitely Defi- nitely Usual-

ly Pro- bably Usual-

ly Defi- nitely

1    

2    

3    

4    

5    

 Omit



114    

115    

116    

117    

118    

ݖ⦽ᯙᬱᯕ᧲ႊ⨆ᯕ௝Łݖ⦽ᯙᬱᅕ݅ฯᮡäᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅.

ᯕ۵ḢᖁǍeŝ۵ݍญłᖁǍeᨱᕽ۵ᔢݡ⠙₉ಽ᪡ᇥญࡹᨕ

ᯩ۵äᯕᬕᱥᯱ⊂໕ᨱᕽ۵޵ᬒᦩᱶqᮥ۱ӝʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ

ᔍഭࡽ݅.

4.2 சෘਓ෠ଡധ෉մটऀ޽ඹ୪଀ॺ୨ 4.2.1 մটऀசෘਓ෠஺୥ট୨ࢫୀ߹৤ு

ᵝ₉ᰆ ఉ⥥᮹ Ğᔍ۵ ࠥಽჶᨱ ᮹Ñ⦹ᩍ ᧞ 6%(5°)ᯕ⦹᮹

Ğᬑ ⠪ḡಽ ᇥඹ⦹ʑ ভྙᨱ, ᅙ ᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ łᖁᇡ᪡ Ḣᖁᇡ

ఉ⥥᮹Ğᔍෝ7% ᯕᔢอ᳑ᔍ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ⡎ᬱ᮹Ğᬑ۵ᯝႊ⨆ᮡ

3.5m, ᧲ႊ⨆ᮡ7.0m ॒ʑᵡᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍ⊂ᱶ⦹ᩡ݅. ੱ⦽, łᖁᇡ

ఉ⥥᮹ĞᬑჶᱶʑᵡᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍ7~14%ಽTable 4᪡zᯕ᳑ᔍ⦹

ᩡ݅.

(7)

Type Answer

One-way Two-way

Cockwise Ccunterclockwise Cockwise Ccunterclockwise

Definitely 6 % 4 % 5 % 6 %

Usually 21 % 19 % 22 % 20 %

Probably 50 % 48 %

Total 100 % 100 %

Type Answer

Cockwise Counterclockwise One-way Two-way One-way Two-way

Definitely 22 % 8 % 12 % 8 %

Usually 39 % 20 % 35 % 12 %

Probably 33 % 32 %

Total 100 % 100 %

Fig. 9. Results of Survey Analysis(Safety)

Table 4. Site Selection and Data Collection(Curve Section Ramp)

Site Incline

(%)

Distance (m)

One/

Two-way 1. Hanil Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 7

15

Two 2. Shindonga Apt., Wolgye-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 8 Two

3. Booyoung 5 Cha Apt.,

Sanwol-dong, Gwangsan-gu 9 Two

4. Jugong 2 Danji Apt.,

Sinchang-dong, Gwangsan-gu 10 One

5. Humansia Apt., Gonguk-dong,

Buk-gu 11 Two

6. Kunyoung Apt., Wolgye-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 12 Two

7. Sunkyung Apt., Wolgye-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 13 Two

8. Jugong 2 Danji Humansia Apt.,

Dongnim-dong, Gwangsan-gu 14 Two

9. Hyundai 3 Cha Apt.,

Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu 7

20

One 10. Ilsin Apt., Wolgye-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 8 Two

11. Ilsin Apt., Samgak-dong, Buk-gu 9 Two 12. Moa Apt., Wolgye-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 10 Two

13. Dongbu Apt., Wolgye-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 11 Two

14. Global Apt., Gakhwa-dong,

Buk-gu 12 One

15. Jugong 1 Danji Apt., Uduk-dong,

Seo-gu 13 Two

16. Namyang Huton Apt.,

Sinchang-dong, Gwangsan-gu 14 Two

4.2.2 մটऀசෘਓ෠ਏيࠤૈ

łᖁᇡ ఉ⥥᮹ ႊ⨆ᨱ ݡ⧕ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ ᝅ᜽⦽ ⬥ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ

đŝෝŁಅ⦹ᩍᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ᜽⦽݅. ᝅ⨹ݡᔢǍeᮥᖁᱶ⦹Ł, ᪅෕สǍeᨱݡ⧕ĞᔍÑญෝŁಅ⦹ᩍĞᔍÑญḡᱱᄥ, Ğᔍᄥ ಽᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅. ᯕভ, ᯱഭᙹḲ᮹⦽ĥಽᯙ⦹ᩍᝅ⨹Ǎ e᮹łᖁၹĞᮡŁಅ⦹ḡᦫᦹᮝ໑, ᯝႊ⨆ᅕ݅۵᧲ႊ⨆ᮥᵲᝍ ᮝಽ 90° łᖁᇡ Ǎeᮥ ᝅ⨹⦹ᩡ݅.

ⴗ ᝅ⨹ ݡᔢǍe : ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ ᵝ₉ᰆ(łᖁᇡ)

ⴘ ⦝⨹ᯱ: ᝅ⨹Ǎeᮥ☖⧪⦹۵༉ु₉పၰᬕᱥ໕⨩≉ाᯱ

ⴙ ₉᳦ : ᜚ᬊ₉

ⴚ ᝅ⨹ႊჶ: ᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡఉ⥥᪅෕สǍeᮥĞᔍÑญḡᱱᄥ, Ğᔍᄥಽᵝ⧪⦹݅ຩ∑ᖁĞᬑෝၹᅖ⦹ᩍᬕᱥᯱᨱíaᰆ

᭥⨹⦹݅Ł ۱͕ḡ۵ ḡᱱᮥ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ ☖⧕ ᖁ┾⦹í ⧉ ⴛ ᝅ⨹ᙽᕽ: bḡᱱᄥಽᵝ⧪ᵲຩ∥݅݅᜽⇽ၽ⧉ᮥၹᅖ

⦹í ⧉

ⴜ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ ᜽ӹญ᪅(Fig. 10)

⦝⨹ᯱ᮹ᵝšᱢᯙ⠪aෝ᦭ᦥᅕʑ᭥⦹ᩍᖅྙ᳑ᔍᯱ1໦ᮥ

ݡᔢᮝಽᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹⬥ݖᄡ⦹۵⩶᜾ᮝಽᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

bĞᔍÑญᄥಽᵝ₉ᰆᮥᯕᬊ⦽Ğ⨹ᯕᯩ۵⦝⨹ᯱෝݡᔢᮝಽ

ⅾ70໦ᨱݡ⧕ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ᜽⦹ᩡḡอ, ᇩపᯱഭၰđ⊂⊹ᯱഭ

ෝᱽ᫙⦽ĞᔍÑญᨱ঑௝⦝⨹ᯱᯱഭᙹ۵Table 5᪡zᯕb

ĞᔍÑญᄥಽ15m۵68}, 20m۵63}᮹ᮁ⬉ᯱഭෝ⪶ᅕ⦹ᩡ݅.

łᖁᇡĞᔍÑญᄥಽᖅྙݡᔢᯱෝᖒᄥ, ᩑಚ, ᬕᱥĞಆ, ᬕᱥ ኩࠥ ॒ᮝಽ ᇥඹ⦹ᩡ݅. ᮲ݖᯱ ᗮᖒᮡ Fig. 11ŝ z݅.

Table 6 ᮡ Table 5ᨱᕽ ӹ┡ӽ ᇥᕾ a܆⦽ ᯱഭෝ ☁ݡಽ

bĞᔍÑญᄥ, Ğᔍᄥ, ḡᱱᄥᨱ঑௝⦝⨹ᯱa᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵

Ǎeᨱ ݡ⦽ đŝ ࠥ⇽ᮥ ӹ┡ԙ äᯕ݅.

ḡᱱᄥᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹đŝ, ⦝⨹ᯱॅᮡᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡఉ⥥ᵝ⧪

ᵲᵲeḡᱱ, ᷪ, 1/4·Lŝ1/2·Lḡᱱᨱຩ∑ᖁĞᬑᯙ15m, 20m ḡᱱŝ7ⴇ14% Ğᔍᨱᕽ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵äᮝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅. Ğᔍ

13% ᯕᔢᇡ░۵1/4·L, 1/2·L ḡᱱᨱᕽᬕᱥᯱॅᯕ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵

(8)

Fig. 10. Survey After Driving Test(Curve Section Ramp)

Table 5. The Number of Data by Inclined Site Selection(Curve Section Ramp)

Inclined Site Data Analyzable Data Missed Data

15m 70 68 2

20m 70 63 7

Contents 15m 20m

Sex ^Male

Female

Male Female

Age

20's 30's 40's 50's

Drive- Experience

Uneder 1yr 1yr~3yr 4yr~6yr

7yr~10yr 10yr and over

Uneder 1yr 1yr~3yr 4yr~6yr

7yr~10yr 10yr and over

Drive- Frequency

A time/week

2~4times/week 2~3times/month

Daily

A time/week

2~4times/week 2~3times/month Daily

Fig. 11. Distribution of Driving Test Respondents(Curve Section Ramp)

Table 6. Result of Driving Test by Inclined Site Selection(Curve Section Ramp)

L Site Incline (%)

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15m

1/4·L 2 2 4 6 7 15 22 26

1/2·L 4 7 12 17 22 27 40 42

3/4·L 0 1 1 1 2 5 8 12

20m

1/4·L 4 3 4 5 8 10 19 22

1/2·L 6 8 11 20 23 26 36 43

3/4·L 0 0 0 2 4 3 8 10

1/4 Point

Inclined Risk

index

1/2 Point

Inclined Risk

index

3/4 Point

Inclined Risk

index

Fig 12. Result of Driving Test by Inclined Site Selection(Curve Section Ramp)

(9)

Table 7. Site Selection and Data Collection(Tangent Section Ramp) -continue-

Site Incline

(%)

Distance (m)

One/

Two-way 1. Gonggan Apt., Munheung, Buk-gu 7

20

One 2. Solmoe Rex Bongseon, Nam-gu 8 One 3. Jungheung Apt., Chipyeong-dong,

Seo-gu 9 One

4. Hyundai 2 Cha Apt., Jinwol-dong,

Nam-gu 10 One

5. Kumho Apt., Songha-dong, Nam-gu 11 One 6. Jeil Apt., Usan-dong, Gwangsan-gu 12 One 7. Samik Apt., Dongnim-dong, Buk-gu 13 One 8. Line Apt., Duam-dong, Buk-gu 14 One 9. Anam Apt., Hakun-dong, Dong-gu 15 One 10. Daewoo Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 16 One 11. Samik Apt., Dongnim-dong,

Buk-gu 17 One

12. Ssangyong Yega Apt.,

Maegok-dong, Buk-gu 7

25

One

13. Cheongsol Apt., Ilgok-dong,

Buk-gu 8 One

Sanwol-dong, Gwangsan-gu 9 One

Sanwol-dong, Gwangsan-gu 10 One

Table 8. Site Selection and Data Collection(Tangent Section Ramp)

Site Incline

(%)

Distance (m)

One/

Two-way 16. Samho Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 11

25

One 17. Samik Apt., Dongnim-dong, Buk-gu 12 One 18. Booyoung 1 Cha Apt., Sanwol-dong,

Gwangsan-gu 13 One

19. Donga Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 14 One 20. Daelim Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 15 One 21. Hyundai Apt., Duam 2-dong, Buk-gu 16 One 22. e-Pyeonhansesang Apt.,

Gwangcheon-dong, Seo-gu 17 One

23. Kumho Apt., Munheung, Buk-gu 7

30

One 24. Lotte Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 8 One 25. Lotte Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 9 One 26. Doosan Apt., Gyerim 2-dong,

Dong-gu 10 One

27. Hoban Vertium Apt.,

Dongnim-dong, Buk-gu 11 One

28. Hankuk Adelium, Dongnim-dong,

Buk-gu 12 One

29. Lotte Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 13 One 30. Ssangyong Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 14 One 31. Daelim Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 15 One 32. Donga Apt., Ilgok-dong, Buk-gu 16 One 33. Line Apt., Duam-dong, Buk-gu 17 One

äᮝಽ ݖ⦹ᩡᮝ໑, 14% ᯕᔢᇡ░ aᰆ Ⓧí ᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӡ݅Ł

ᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅.

ੱ⦽, 3/4·Lḡᱱᨱᕽ۵ᬕᱥᯱॅᯕ᭥⨹ᮥ޽۱ӡ݅Łݖ⦹ᩡ

۵ߑ, ᯕ۵ᬕᱥᯱ᮹ᵝ⧪ᱶᅕෝ⪶ᅕ⧁ᙹᯩᨩʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ

❱݉ࡽ݅. ᯕᨱᅙᩑǍෝ☖⧕ࠥ⇽ࡽđŝෝŁಅ⦹ᩍłᖁᇡ

ఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮡ↽ݡ⦽Ğᔍ12%ෝǭᮁ⦹໑, ࡹࠥಾ13%

ᯕᔢᮡ ḡ᧲⧕᧝ ⧁ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

4.3 சෘਓ෠ଡധ෉஻টऀ୪଀ࢫ෴ਐॺ୨ 4.3.1 ஻টऀசෘਓ෠஺୥ট୨ࢫୀ߹৤ு

Ḣᖁᇡ ఉ⥥᮹ Ğᔍࠥ 7~17%᮹ ᯱഭෝ ༉ࢱ ᙹḲ⦹ᩡḡอ, Ŗeᱢჵ᭥aŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ಽᱽ⦽ࡽၵĞᔍÑญ۵ݡᇡᇥ35m ᯕ⦹ᯙäᮝಽ⪶ᯙࡹᨩ݅. ᯕᨱĞᔍÑญa20~30m ᔍᯕᯙäᮥ

qᦩ⦹ᩍ ĞᔍÑญෝ 5m ݉᭥ಽ Ǎᇥ⦹ᩍ 20m, 25m, 30mಽ

Ǎᇥ⦹ᩍ ᳑ᔍ⦹ᩡ݅.

4.3.2 ஻টऀசෘਓ෠ਏيࠤૈ

ᝅ⨹ǍeݡᔢᮝಽĞᔍÑญෝ5m eĊᮝಽǍᇥ⦹ᩍ, 20m, 25m, 30m ĞᔍÑญᄥಽǍᇥ⦹ᩡ݅. Ğᔍ۵↽ᗭ7%ᨱᕽ↽ݡ

17%ʭḡӹ٥ᨕ, ᜽ᱱ, 1/4·Lḡᱱ, 1/2·Lḡᱱ, 3/4·Lḡᱱ, ᳦ᱱᮝ ಽ Ǎᇥ⦹ᩍ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

ⴗ ᝅ⨹ ݡᔢǍe : ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ ᵝ₉ᰆ(Ḣᖁᇡ)

ⴘ ⦝⨹ᯱ: ᝅ⨹Ǎeᮥ☖⧪⦹۵༉ु₉పၰᬕᱥ໕⨩≉ाᯱ

ⴙ ₉᳦ : ᜚ᬊ₉

ⴚ ᝅ⨹ ႊჶ : łᖁᇡ ఉ⥥ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ŝ ࠺ᯝ

ⴛ ᝅ⨹ ᙽᕽ : b ḡᱱᄥಽ ᵝ⧪ ᵲ ຩ∥݅ ݅᜽ ⇽ၽ⧉ᮥ

ၹᅖ ⦹í ⧉

: 20m ḡᱱ (1/4·L ⳧ 1/2·L ⳧ 3/4·L) : 25m ḡᱱ (1/4·L ⳧ 1/2·L ⳧ 3/4·L) : 30m ḡᱱ (1/4·L ⳧ 1/2·L ⳧ 3/4·L) ⴜ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ ᜽ӹญ᪅(Fig. 13)

⦝⨹ᯱ᮹ᵝšᱢᯙ⠪aෝ᦭ᦥᅕʑ᭥⦹ᩍᖅྙ᳑ᔍᯱ1໦ᮥ

ݡᔢᮝಽ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ ⬥ ݖᄡ⦹۵ ⩶᜾ᮝಽ Fig. 14ᨱᕽ ӹ┡ӽ

ᬕᱥᯱෝ ݡᔢᮝಽ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

(10)

Fig. 13. Survey After Driving Test(Tangent Section Ramp)

Contents 20m 25m 30m

Sex ^Male_Female ^Male_Female ^Male_Female

Age

20's 30's 40's 50's

Drive- Experience

Uneder 1yr 1yr~3yr 4yr~6yr 7yr~10yr 10yr and over

Drive- Frequency

Fig. 14. Distribution of Driving Test Respondents(Tangent Section Ramp)

Table 9. The Number of Data by Inclined Site Selection(Tangent Section Ramp)

Inclined Site Data Analyzable Data Missed Data

20m 100 83 17

25m 100 92 8

30m 100 87 13

Table 10. Result of Driving Test by Inclined Site Selection(Tangent Section Ramp)

L Site Incline (%)

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 20m

1/4·L 0 0 0 3 6 10 26 38 37 39 40 1/2·L 9 12 14 29 21 24 58 60 63 68 73

3/4·L 0 1 2 4 3 3 4 12 33 24 28

25m

1/4·L 1 3 7 4 9 8 20 33 38 46 54

1/2·L 14 9 22 30 17 37 64 71 61 76 83

3/4·L 0 1 4 6 3 0 5 7 25 34 32

30m

1/4·L 0 2 7 4 20 27 28 36 35 45 47 1/2·L 15 16 20 33 34 41 57 64 59 72 72

3/4·L 0 0 5 2 2 3 8 12 28 34 36

1/4 Point

Inclined Risk

index

1/2 Point

Inclined Risk

index

3/4 Point

Inclined Risk

index

Fig. 15. Result of Driving Test by Inclined Site Selection(Tangent Section Ramp)

(11)

bĞᔍÑญᄥಽᵝ₉ᰆᮥᯕᬊ⦽Ğ⨹ᯕᯩ۵⦝⨹ᯱෝݡᔢᮝ ಽⅾ100໦ᮥᝅ᜽⦹ᩡḡอ, ᇩపᯱഭၰđ⊂⊹ᯱഭෝᱽ᫙⦽

bĞᔍÑญᄥಽ᨜ᨕḥᯱഭ۵20m۵83}, 25m۵92}, 30m۵

87}ಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅.

Table 10 ᮡbĞᔍÑญᄥ, Ğᔍᄥ, ḡᱱᄥᨱ঑௝⦝⨹ᯱa

᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӝ۵ Ǎeᨱ ݡ⦽ đŝ ࠥ⇽ᮥ ӹ┡ԙ äᯕ݅.

ḡᱱᄥᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹đŝ, ⦝⨹ᯱॅᮡᵝ₉ᰆḢᖁᇡఉ⥥ᵝ⧪

ᵲᵲeḡᱱ, ᷪ, 1/2·Lḡᱱᨱຩ∑ᖁĞᬑᨱ۵20m, 25m, 30mḡ ᱱŝ7~17% Ğᔍ༉ࢱ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵äᮝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅. ✚⯩, Ğᔍ13% ᯕᔢᇡ░۵ᬕᱥᯱॅᯕ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍŁ, 15% ᯕᔢᇡ░۵1/4·L, 1/2·L, 3/4·L ॒ḡᱱᨱšĥᨧᯕᱥᇡ

᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵äᮝಽđುᯕࠥ⇽ࡹᨩ݅. ᯕᨱᅙᩑǍෝ☖⧕

ࠥ⇽ࡽđŝෝŁಅ⦹ᩍḢᖁᇡఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮡ↽ݡ⦽Ğᔍ

13~14%ෝ ǭᮁ⦹໑, ࡹࠥಾ 15% ᯕᔢᮡ ḡ᧲⧕᧝ ⧁ äᮝಽ

❱݉ࡽ݅.

5. đುၰ⨆⬥ᩑǍŝᱽ

5.1 էߨ

ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ԕ᮹ᵝÑ݉ḡ᪡ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ᮹

ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹ྙᱽᱱᮥ❭ᦦ⦹Ł, ᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡ, Ḣᖁᇡఉ⥥

⩶᜾ ၰ ᱽᬱᮥ ᔑᱶ⦹ᩍ ݅ᮭŝ zᮡ đುᮥ ࠥ⇽⦹ᩡ݅.

(1) ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᨱݡ⦽ྙᱽᱱᇥᕾđŝ, ԕญสᅕ݅۵᪅෕สᯕ

᭥⨹⦽äᮝಽӹ┡ԍᮝ໑, ✚⯩ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵝ⧪ᵲຩ∑ᖁ

Ğᬑᨱ aᰆ ᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӝ۵ äᮝಽ ᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅.

(2) łᖁᇡఉ⥥ᨱݡ⦽ᖅྙ᳑ᔍđŝ, ᜽ᯙᖒ⊂໕ᨱᕽ۵ᯝႊ⨆

ၰ᧲ႊ⨆༉ࢱၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆ᯕ޵ᳬᮡäᮝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩᮝӹ, ᦩᱥᖒ⊂໕ᨱᕽ۵᜽ĥႊ⨆ၰၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆༉ࢱእ᜘⦽äᮝಽ

ӹ┡ԍ݅. ⦹ḡอ, ⦝⨹ᯱॅᮡ⡎ᬱᯕմᮡ᧲ႊ⨆ᅕ݅ᯝႊ⨆ᯕ

޵ᦩᱥ⦹í۱ӡ݅Łݖ⦹ᩡ݅. ᯕ۵ḢᖁǍeŝݍญłᖁᇡ۵

᜽Ñ⪶ᅕaࡹḡᦫᦥၹݡ⠙₉ᖁᨱ₉పᯕᵝ⧪⧁ᙹᯩ݅۵

ᇩᦩ⦽᫵ᗭভྙᯙäᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ੱ⦽, ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᵲłᖁᇡ

1/4·L, 1/2·L ḡᱱᨱᕽ༉ࢱ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵äᮝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩᮝ໑, 3/4·L ḡᱱᨱᕽ۵ᬕᱥᯱॅᯕ᭥⨹ᮥ޽۱ӡ݅Łݖ⦹ᩡ݅. ᯕ ۵ᬕᱥᯱaᵝ⧪ᱶᅕෝ⪶ᅕ⧁ᙹᯩᨩʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ

݅. ᯕᨱłᖁᇡఉ⥥۵ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆, ↽ݡ⦽Ğᔍ12%ෝǭᮁ⦹

໑, aɪᱢ 13% ᯕᔢᮡ ḡ᧲⧕᧝ ⧁ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

(3) Ḣᖁᇡ ఉ⥥᮹ Ğᬑ, ⦝⨹ᯱॅᮡ ᵝ₉ᰆ Ḣᖁᇡ ఉ⥥ ᵝ⧪

ᵲຩ∑ᖁ1/2·L ḡᱱᨱᕽ༉ࢱ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵äᮝಽᇥᕾࡹᨩ

݅. ✚⯩, Ğᔍ13% ᯕᔢᇡ░۵ᬕᱥᯱॅᯕ᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵

äᮝಽӹ┡ԍŁ, 15% ᯕᔢᇡ░۵ḡᱱᨱšĥᨧᯕᱥᇡ᭥⨹

ᮥ ۱ӝ۵ äᮝಽ ᇥᕾࡹᨩ݅. ᯕᨱ Ḣᖁᇡ ఉ⥥۵ Ğᔍ

13~14% ෝǭᮁ⦹໑, ࡹࠥಾ15% ᯕᔢᮡḡ᧲⧕᧝⧁äᮝಽ

ᔍഭࡽ݅.

⨆⬥ ᅙ ᩑǍෝ ☖⧕ }ᖁࡽ ᵝ₉ᰆ ఉ⥥ ၰ ᱽᬱᮥ ᱢᬊ⧁

Ğᬑᵝ₉ᰆ᮹Ǎ᳑ၰᖅ⊹ʑᵡᱶพᮡྜྷು޵ӹᦥaᵝ₉ᰆšಉ ᔍᨦ᮹ ⬉ᮉᖒᮥ ɚݡ⪵ ⧁ ᙹ ᯩᮥ äᮝಽ ʑݡࡽ݅.

5.2 ේบ઴֜ր୪

ᱽ⦽ࡽၵ, ᯕෝᅕ᪥⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍ⨆⬥ᩑǍԕᬊ᮹⪶ᰆᮥ᭥⧕

݅ᮭ᮹ ԕᬊᮥ ᱽᦩ⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.

(1) ᖅྙ᳑ᔍᨱₙᩍ⦽ᬕᱥᯱ᮹ᵝšᱢč⧕ᨱ঑௝݅᧲⦽đŝ aࠥ⇽ࢁᙹᯩᮝအಽ, ᱢᱶʑe࠺ᦩ᜽ჵᬕᩢᮥ☖⧕ᬕᱥᯱ

᮹⦺᜖᜽eᮥ∊ᇥ⯩⪶ᅕ⦽⬥ᰍᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝᝅ᜽⧕᧝⧁

äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

(2) ఉ⥥᮹łᖁၹĞ, ⫭ᱥbࠥ, ႊ⨆ᄥ(᧲ႊ⨆⡍⧉), ₉᳦ᄥ, ᬕᱥ

ᯱ٩׳ᯕ(᜽Ñ⊂໕) ॒ᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍᇥᕾ⦽݅໕޵ᬒ޵⩥ᝅᱢ ᯙ đŝෝ ᨜ᮥ ᙹ ᯩᮥ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

(3) ᩑǍ᮹Ŗeᱢჵ᭥aŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ᵝ₉ᰆอᮥݡᔢᮝಽ⦹ᩡʑ ᨱ, ᱥǎ᮹݅᧲⦽ʑ⦹Ǎ᳑ᨱ঑ෙᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ෝᇥᕾ⦹ḡ

༜⦽äᯕ⩥ᝅᯕ݅. ə్အಽŖeᱢჵ᭥ෝ⪶ᰆ⦹ᩍᩍ్

ḡᩎ᮹݅᧲⦽ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍᩑǍa

ᙹ⧪ࡹᨕᲙ᧝ ⧁ äᯕ݅.

References

Jang, S. J., Choi, A. S. and Choi, S. Y. (2004). “Improvement of underground parking garages lighting in residential areas.”

Journal of The Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference, Vol. 2004, No. 11.

Lim, N. G., Song, H. W. and Lee, Y. D. (2003). “A study on the superstructure system analysis of underground parking lot in apartment.” Journal of The Korea Institute of Building Construction, Vol. 3, No. 2.

Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. (2010). parking lot implementation regulation (in Korea).

Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. (2012). Statistics information (in Korea).

Oh, J. H. and Park, J. S. (2009) “Estimation of parking requirements of an apartment.” Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineers D, Vol. 29 No. 4.

Zhou, S., Yu, D., Yang, Z. and Liu, X. (2007). “Study of method on parking guidance route optimization based on parking lot choice.”

International Conference on Transportation Enginee, Vol. 1, No. 4.

(12)

Determination of Types and Element on Parking Ramp

Ǥ ǤǤ

֫ন۩ ȵ׌ଗࢠ ȵْఢָ ȵ෇೾ஜ

Kwon, Sung-Dae*, Kim, Yoon-Mi**, Nam, Chang-Kyu***, Ha, Tae-Jun****

Determination of Types and Element on Parking Ramp

ABSTRACT

Key words : Parking lot, Parking planning, Traffic safety, Slope of parking ramp section

Ⅹಾ

ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹ᙹ᫵ࠥ⧉̹᷾a⦹Łᯩḡอ, ḡᔢ᮹⦽ᱶࡽŖeᮝಽᯙ⦹ᩍݡᇡᇥ᮹ᵝ₉ᰆᮥḡ⦹ಽᖅ⊹⦹Łᯩ۵ᝅᱶᯕ݅. ✚⯩, ‘ᵝ₉ᰆჶ’ᨱ

᮹⦹໕ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹Ğᔍ۵Ḣᖁᇡ17%, łᖁᇡ14%ෝⅩŝ⦹ḡ༜⦹ࠥಾ᜽⧪⦹Łᯩḡอ, ᬕᱥᯱaᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᵝ⧪ᵲຩ∑ᖁĞᬑᨱ۵ᬕᱥᯱ

ᦩᱥ⊂໕ᨱᕽ⍅݅௡᭥⨹᫵ᯙᮝಽ᯲ᬊ⦹۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕᨱᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥ᨱݡ⧕ᬕᱥᯱᦩᱥᖒ⊂໕᮹ᱢ⧊ᖒᩍᇡෝá

☁⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. ᬑᖁ, ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ᮥłᖁᇡ᪡Ḣᖁᇡಽᇥඹ⦹Ł, Ğᔍᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᄥ, ႊ⨆ᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᨱ঑ෙḡᱱᄥ॒ᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍᵝ⧪

ᝅ⨹⬥ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮥᔑᱶ⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. əđŝ, łᖁᇡ۵ၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆, ↽ݡĞᔍ12%ෝǭᮁ⦹໑, Ḣᖁᇡ᮹Ğᬑ

↽ݡĞᔍ۵13~14%ಽᇥᕾࡹᨕ15% ᯕᔢᮡḡ᧲⧕᧝⧁äᮝಽᔍഭࡽ݅. đುᱢᮝಽ, ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽᱽ᜽⦽ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱ᮹ᱽ᜽

ෝ☖⧕⨆⬥ᵝ₉ᰆšಉʑᵡᱶพᮡྜྷು, ᵝ₉ᰆšಉᔍᨦ⇵ḥ᜽እᬊ읆⬉ᮉᱢᯙƱ☖ᦩᱥ}ᖁݡᦩᮝಽ⪽ᬊࢁᙹᯩᮥäᮝಽʑݡࡽ݅.

áᔪᨕ ᵝ₉ᰆ, ᵝ₉ĥ⫮, Ʊ☖ᦩᱥ, ᵝ₉ఉ⥥ᇡĞᔍ

1. ᕽು

1.1 ઴֜ଭࢼլࢫࡧୡ

ᬑญӹ௝᮹ɪĊ⦽Ğᱽᖒᰆᮝಽǎၝ}}ᯙ᮹ᔗ᮹ḩᯕ׳ᦥ ḡŁ ᯱ࠺₉ᙹ᫵a ɪᗮࠥಽ ᷾a⧉ᨱ঑௝ ᔾᔑ ⪽࠺ᮡྜྷು

ᔾ⪽ǭᩎ᮹ჵᵝaⓍí⪶ݡࡹ۵⇵ᖙᯕ݅. ǎԕᯱ࠺₉॒ಾݡᙹ ۵2012֥12ᬵัᮥʑᵡᮝಽ18,871อݡෝչᨕᖑ݅. ⧪ᱶᦩᱥ ᇡ᮹ᵝၝ॒ಾᯙǍᙹa5,094อ໦ŝእƱ⦹໕, ᯱ࠺₉1ݡݚᵝၝ

॒ಾᯙǍᙹ۵᧞3.70໦ᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯱ࠺₉᮹ᙹ᫵a׳ᦥḡ໕ ᕽᵝ┾݉ḡ, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ॒᮹ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹ᙹ᫵ࠥ⧉̹᷾a⦹Ł

ᯩḡอ, ḡᔢ᮹⦽ᱶࡽŖeᮝಽᯙ⦹ᩍݡᇡᇥ᮹ᵝ₉Ŗeᮥḡ⦹

ಽ ⪶ݡ ᖅ⊹⦹Ł ᯩ۵ ᝅᱶᯕ݅.

ੱ⦽, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ᮹Ğᬑ᳢ᮡᇡḡ᮹⪽ᬊࠥෝ׳ᯕʑ

᭥⧕ḡᔢᅕ݅۵ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆᮥᖁ⪙⦹Łᯩ۵⇵ᖙᯕ݅. ࠥᝍḡ

ᵝᄡ᮹ ᔢa, ᔍ௭ॅ᮹ ⇽᯦ᯕ ᰇᮡ ݡ⩶ ษ✙ ၰ ႒⪵ᱱ ॒ᮡ

ᝍb⦽ ᵝ₉ӽᮝಽ ᯙ⧕ ḡ⦹ᵝ₉ᰆ ᐱอ ᦥܩ௝ ᵝ₉ෝ ᭥⦽

Õྜྷᮥ঑ಽḡᨕᬕᩢ⦹Łᯩ݅. ᯕ⃹ౝי᫙ᵝ₉ᰆᮡ݉ḡĥ⫮

ၰÕྜྷ᮹ᖅĥ᜽Łಅ⧕᧝⦹۵⦥ᙹᱢᯙ᫵ᗭಽ⧕ᕾࡹᨕḥ݅.

‘ᵝ₉ᰆჶ’ᨱ᮹⦹໕ᵝ₉ᰆĞᔍಽ᮹᳦݉Ğᔍࠥ۵Ḣᖁᇡᇥ

17%, łᖁᇡᇥ14%ෝⅩŝ⦹ḡ༜⦹ࠥಾ᜽⧪⦹Łᯩḡอ, ⧕ݚ

ʑᵡ ᩎ᜽ ᬕᱥᯱᨱí ᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӝí ⦹۵ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.

ᯕᨱᅙᩑǍ۵ᬕᱥᯱᦩᱥᖒ⊂໕ᨱᕽᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹Ğᔍࠥa

ᱢ⧊⦽ḡᨱݡ⧕á☁⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. ᬑᖁᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥⩶᜾ᮥłᖁᇡ

᪡Ḣᖁᇡಽᇥඹ⦹Ł, łᖁᇡ᮹Ğᬑ⫭ᱥႊ⨆ᯕᬕᱥᯱ᮹᜽bᱢ

⦽݅. Ḣᖁᇡ᮹ĞᬑbĞᔍᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᨱ঑ෙḡᱱ ᄥಽ ᬕᱥᯱa ᭥⨹ᮥ ۱ӝ۵ Ǎeᮥ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ ⬥ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ

☖⧕ᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥᇥᕾ⦽݅. ↽᳦ᱢᮝಽᵝ₉ᰆłᖁᇡ, Ḣᖁᇡ᮹

⩶᜾ đᱶ ၰ ᱽᬱᮥ ᔑᱶ⦹Łᯱ ⦽݅.

1.2 ઴֜ଭٛ૳ࢫࢺ࣑

ᅙ ᩑǍ۵ ᵝ₉ᰆ ఉ⥥ ⩶᜾ᮥ łᖁᇡ᪡ Ḣᖁᇡಽ ᇥඹ⦹ᩍ

ᱽᬱᮥᔑᱶ⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. ຝᱡ, ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹

ྙᱽᱱᮥ❭ᦦ⦽⬥ᇥᕾࡽྙᱽᱱᮥ☁ݡಽᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ᜽⦽݅.

łᖁᇡఉ⥥۵ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ☖⧕᜽ĥႊ⨆ŝၹ᜽ĥႊ⨆, ᯝႊ⨆

ŝ᧲ႊ⨆॒⩶᜾ᮥđᱶ⦹Ł, ఉ⥥᮹ĞᔍၰĞᔍÑญ, ĞᔍÑญ ᨱ঑௝ḡᱱᄥᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹⬥ᬕᱥᯱa᭥⨹ᮥ۱ӝ۵Ǎeᨱݡ⧕

⇵a ᖅྙ᳑ᔍෝ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩍ ᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥ ᇥᕾ⦽݅.

Ḣᖁᇡᩎ᜽ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥ☖⧕Ğᔍᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᄥ, ĞᔍÑญᨱ

঑ෙḡᱱᄥᵝ⧪ᦩᱥᖒᮥᇥᕾ⦹Ł, ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᮥ

ᱽ᜽⦹Łᯱ⦽݅. Fig. 1ᮡᅙᩑǍ᮹}ఖᱢᯙᩑǍᙹ⧪⮱෥ࠥᯕ݅.

1.3 ઴֜ଭ࣐଍

ᅙᩑǍ᮹Ŗeᱢჵ᭥۵ŲᵝŲᩎ᜽ᵝÑ݉ḡ, ᔑᨦၰᔢᨦ݉ḡ

॒49}᮹ᵝ₉ᰆᮥݡᔢᮝಽ⩥ᰆ᳑ᔍෝᝅ᜽⦹ᩡᮝ໑, ᜽eᱢ

ჵ᭥ಽ۵ᵝ₉ᰆ⩶᜾ၰᱽᬱᯕᄡĞࡹḡᦫᮡ2011֥⩥ᰆ᳑ᔍ

ᯱഭෝ ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍ ᖅྙ᳑ᔍ᪡ ᵝ⧪ᝅ⨹ᮥ ᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅.

2. ʑ᳕ᩑǍྙ⨭Łₑ

2.1 சఙୋ࣑ਏෘָಀࢫசఙୋ઩ւ෉઴֜

2.1.1 ֝ഠැઑऀ“சఙୋ࣑ਏෘָಀ”(2011)

ᵝ₉ᰆᯕ௡ǎ☁⧕᧲ᇡಚᱽ304⪙‘ᵝ₉ᰆჶ’ ᱽ1ᰆ2᳑ᨱ᮹Ñ

⦹ᩍᯱ࠺₉᮹ᵝ₉ෝ᭥⦽᜽ᖅಽᕽⓍíיᔢ, י᫙, ᇡᖅᵝ₉ᰆᮝ ಽ ӹڽ݅.

ⴗיᔢᵝ₉ᰆ(䈣⿦䅛㽌㉻) : ࠥಽ᮹י໕ੱ۵Ʊ☖Ųᰆ᮹ᯝᱶ⦽

Ǎᩎᨱᖅ⊹ࡽᵝ₉ᰆᮝಽᕽᯝၹ(⿠㳥)᮹ᯕᬊᨱᱽŖࡹ۵ä ⴘי᫙ᵝ₉ᰆ(䈣㊲䅛㽌㉻) : ࠥಽ᮹י໕ၰƱ☖Ųᰆ᫙᮹ᰆᗭᨱ

ᖅ⊹ࡽ ᵝ₉ᰆᮝಽᕽ ᯝၹ᮹ ᯕᬊᨱ ᱽŖࡹ۵ ä

ⴙᇡᖅᵝ₉ᰆ(䂛㹤䅛㽌㉻) : Õ⇶ྜྷ, ŉ⥥ᩑ᜖ᰆ, əၷᨱᵝ₉ᙹ

᫵ෝ ᮁၽ⦹۵ ᜽ᖅᨱ ᇡݡ(䂛㏭)⦹ᩍ ᖅ⊹ࡽ ᵝ₉ᰆᮝಽᕽ

⧕ݚÕ⇶ྜྷ·᜽ᖅ᮹ᯕᬊᯱੱ۵ᯝၹ᮹ᯕᬊᨱᱽŖࡹ۵ä

ᵝ₉ᰆఉ⥥᮹᳦݉Ğᔍࠥ۵Ḣᖁᇡ17%, łᖁᇡ14%ෝⅩŝ⧕

ᕽ۵ ᦩࡽ݅.

2.1.2 ઽ֝ଭசఙ୨థ

ᩢǎᮡbḡႊᯱ⊹݉ℕᄥಽᵝ₉ᱶ₦ᯕᱶ⧕Კᯩ݅. ౑޹᮹

Ğᬑ, eᖁࠥಽᨱᕽქᜅ᫙᮹ᵝᱶ₉ෝɩḡ⦹۵‘Red Route’ෝ

᯦ࠥ⦹Łᯩᮝ໑, י᫙ᵝ₉ᰆ᮹⪽ᖒ⪵᪡ࠥᝍḥ᯦ᮥᨖᱽ⦹ʑ

᭥⦽ ᫵ɩᱶ₦ᮥ ⠝ℱ ₉ప☖⧪ᮥ ↽ᗭ⪵⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

2.1.3 ࢠ֝ଭசఙ୨థ

ၙǎ᮹ Ğᬑ, ᅕ☖ ᵝ₉ᰆ ᇡᖅ᮹ྕ ʑᵡᮡ Õྜྷ ᩑᔢ ໕ᱢ

॒᮹ᬱ݉᭥ಽᇡ░↽ᗭ⦽⪶ᅕ⧕᧝⧁ᵝ₉ݡᙹෝȽᱶ⦹Łᯩ݅.

ੱ⦽, ↽ᗭᵝ₉ᰆᇡᖅ᮹ྕʑᵡ᮹ᖅᱶŝŖŖᵝ₉ᰆÕᖅ, ᙹ᫵

⦝Ⓧ᜽eݡa݅ෙÕྜྷᵝ₉ᰆ᮹Ŗ࠺ᯕᬊ॒᮹ᩍ్aḡᱶ₦ᮥ

ᝅ᜽ ੱ۵ á☁⦹Ł ᯩ݅.

2.1.4 ଵ࣭ଭசఙ୨థ

ᯝᅙ᮹ᵝ₉ᱶ₦ᮡ1962֥ᯱ࠺₉ᅕšᰆᗭ॒᮹⪶ᅕ॒ᨱ

š⦽ჶශᱽᱶᮥ☖⦹ᩍ₉Łḡ᷾໦ᱽෝᝅ᜽⦹ᩡ݅. Ğₑℎ☖ᱽ

ǤǤǤ

֫ন۩ȵ׌ଗࢠȵْఢָȵ෇೾ஜ

Kwon, Sung-Dae, Kim, Yoon-Mi, Nam, Chang-Kyu, Ha, Tae-Jun****

áᔪᨕ ᵝ₉ᰆ, ᵝ₉ĥ⫮, Ʊ☖ᦩᱥ, ᵝ₉ఉ⥥ᇡĞᔍ