Study on the Effect of Magnetized Water in the Precipitation Reaction of Salts and in the Hydration Hardening Speed of Gympsum Plaster
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전체 글
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(4) (2001. 10. 18 ). †. †. Study on the Effect of Magnetized Water in the Precipitation Reaction of Salts and in the Hydration Hardening Speed of Gympsum Plaster Sang Il Jeon*, Dong Ryul Kim, Sung Hyun Lee, Dong Suk Kim†, and Suk Keun Lee† Department of chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210-702, Korea † Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210-702, Korea (Received October 18, 2001). . ! "# $ %&'
(5) () * +,, -./ 01$2 30(4 5$ + 67. 8
(6) #9+ :;" <=>? @ A B >?# C + DE 7 F GH$I7. 25 C JKL MN#9 O salt filter assay PQRS <=>? LT$IRU, 20 C K#9 A B >? OV Gillmore needle PQRS W6XRSY A B Z/[ LT$I7. 0.1 M : K" >?O \ :; <= >? ], BaSO , BaCO , CaCO <= ^ _ L` a;# b$ #9 cc d 3.6%, 3.8%, 4.4% e a(fRU, A gh B OV L` a;# b$ #9 ij$2 kl(fRmS A B Z/[ noOp+ qRS rst7. + L ` a;# b$ + u v$2
(7) L ()9 w cluster" xXRS9 u T ]y @ >?z a(U, Ba {+ Ca F :;"# $ |RS >?} <=>? Z /~ B >? Z/ a qRS W7. : , <=>?, B Z/, u
(8) L o. o. 4. 3. 2+. 3. 2+. ABSTRACT. Although it has been known that the magnetized water shows different physicochemical properties, the exact nature of the magnetized water is not clearly elucidated yet. We have explored the effect of magnetized water in the precipitation of salts, i.e., BaSO 4, BaCO3, and CaCO3, and in the hydration hardening of gypsum plaster. The amount of salt precipitation was measured by salt filter assay in water bath, 25 oC and also the hydration hardening speed of gypsum plaster was measured by the Gillmore needle method at room temperature. When the salt ions were interacted with each other in 0.1 M concentration, the precipitation reactions of BaSO4, BaCO3, and CaCO3 increased more in the magnetized water, about 3.6%, 3.8%, and 4.4%, respectively, than in the control water. And the hydration hardening speed of gypsum plaster increased more in the magnetized water than in the control water. These data suggest that the magnetized water, which is supposed to be organized by forming numerous nano/micro clusters, induces the increase of salt precipitation and also accelerates the hydration hardening speed of gypsum plaster. Keywords: magnetized water, precipitation reaction, hydration hardening speed, water structure. 7.
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(10) . 8. . 2. ()i# $ + C =N w
(11) "# $
(12) $ *7. 1977 # D Lielmezs~ Alleman K/ # # C + d DE , 1978# Simola~ Virtamo Landau orbital# } X[ 1Op+ PQ $ M#9 l #4 &[ $ I7. 1980# ¡¢Sp- Vacek 25 C # )9 £ l }/# ¤N DE# G}
(13) $IRU, g¥#+ ¦#9 § Aa(urolithiasis) ¨ ©# [ T}9 ª «][ ¬ $I+,, oxalate, uric acid phosphate urolith }/[ W6 ], # } L`® a;# b$ 7l ¯°RU, [ T$ T± #9 ² M calcium crystalr L. M calcium ³/ ´µ #9 T ± #9 ¬7 ij$2 ¶°7. (magnetized water)+ u () 9 +7+ C -·¸, # $ u¹º »)9 ¬+ ¼[ C7. ½¾ u" $+ , ¿[ "À Á ,# $ >? +, + l à # $ Ä/(+ magnetic resonance~
(14) Å(+ iRS à l £VRS PERS spin ¹º Æ# S Ç
(15) ( )44È ZRS l spin ¹º 4Z(+ BÉ#+ l u ÊË ® H # D E Ã)9 u ¹º# DE Ã2 (+ q7. ! i NMR GH#9 T relaxation time a()4+ qRS Ì +,, ! u ͹º i [ ´ ¼S P. $I BÉ#/ Îi )9 Ï 12OV 6 / B$ Ð T relaxation time ai Ñ ¼S ¨(+ q 1®$I7(8 ÒÓ#9+ ©[ ÔO$4 Õ° ). Salt column assay[ Ö : ;" }/ W6] Z/ ×# ¸ : ;" Ø h;S rÙ f+,, ÚÛ h;S+ # } }Z/ kl(+ :;", NaCl, sodiumcitrate, urea, (NH ) SO , ÜÛ h;S+ # } 1. 2. o. 3. 4. 5. +. 5. 2. 2. 4 2. 4. }Z/ $4 Õ+ :;, KH PO , ÝÛ h;S + # } }Z/ a$+ :;", KCl, glycine, Tris-base, MgSO , boric acidS
(16) u f7. + Þ> a;# b$ NaCl KCl c c# c 7 PßRS DE Cà9, " :; }Z/~ ]6 # rsr2 7. { , Þ> a;# b$ + A >? noOp+ i GH(f7. ! ]" ½á Þ> a;# b$ â u cluster ¹º ãÓ#, cc :; {+ A ~ >?# ) ×[ ¬®7  7. ¸9 8
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(18) ][ äS :; ¨>?# C + DE Ì-¬ $ , salt filter assay[ å$ æ ] L` a;# b$ #9 çÉ |RS :; <=>? Z/ ×[ ¬IRU, { A B >? Þ> a; L` æ`RS GH ] B >? Z/ × ij$2 rst# [ ¬ $+ 7. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. +, =#
(19) ]#9 èéê L` a;~
(20) Å(+ +7. ¸9 8
(21) #9+ K <=>?# C + DE Ì-¬ $ 7 F æ $I7. + 3× a; ÔL (Aqua 312N, Young-Lin Co. Korea, Mille Q, U.S.A)[ T$ ¦ RS d 600~800 Gauss(Gauss/Telsa meter; 4048 F.W. Bell, Orlando, U.S.A), 3 Hertz Á ^Op+ (Decal, Hanil, Co. Korea) å #9 24OVå ë-ìRSY ÔL$I7. BaSO , BaCO , CaCO <= ^ >? }, BaCl (Sigma, 5. 4. 3. 3. 2. U.S.A), Na2SO4(Sigma, U.S.A), Na2CO3(Aldrich Chemical. 1 M í" &b$I7. <= ^ >? 2î 50 mL ïð cc # Þ6 K/(25 C)S Ä4 a;~ [ c c 20 mLe ñ-ë , ò#9 &b 1 M BaCl 1 M Na SO [ c 2 mLe ó) <= >? Oô$I7. > ? õ= mixer(2-80 rpm, Ken Rotator, ?ÃßõT, Korea)[ $ 10öV ÷") $IRU, ^ø <= greenfilter A25B (0.2 µm, ùú © Co, U.S.A), CaCl2(Showa, Japan) o. 2. 2. 4. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
(22) . ûü, Korea) ýþ ÃTS ÿO $I7. <= _ 61' W6$ $ , <= [ O\ Æ oû L (up to 1×10 cmHg, OV-01, Jeiotech, Korea)#9 24OV LO <= W6$I7. ã L L r L OV# ¸ × +4[ Ì-¬ $ 48OV, 72OVRS LO\ Æ# W6 +, f7. 8
(23) #9 T :;" <=>?ß 7 F7. Ba (aq)+SO (aq)
(24) BaSO (s) Ba (aq)+CO (aq)
(25) BaCO (s) Ca (aq)+CO (aq)
(26) CaCO (s) <= ÞRp+ >?ß A+B
(27) AB ¸À, > ?Z/+ v = ∆[AB]/∆t 7. L`® a;#9 > ?Z/[, v = ∆[AB] /∆t ¸ $ , #9 >? Z/[, v = ∆[AB] /∆t ¸ 7. OV V >? ö³/ F >?O\ í N F7 67À, # a; >?Z/ b+ ~ a;#9 ^ <= (mol)b~ F2 7. v ∆[ AB ] [ AB ] – [AB ] ---- = ----------------- = ----------------------------------------- v ∆[ AB ] [ AB ] – [ AB] −2. 2+. 2− 4. 2+. 2−. 2+. 2−. 4. 3. 3. 3. 3. 1. 1. 2. 9. 9 B o  7. {, B o # ¸ A y ½) <(Gillmore neddle) # jJ 6/ u /[ + O V W6$ B 6/[ 7. A B >? 50 mL# A (Dental plaster, Mungyo Industrial Co. Korea) 100 g )9 1u å spatulation Æ# W6$I7. À l OV(loss of surface glistening time) W6 À )4+ OVRS y$ Oô OVRSN B () + A À#9 ) ã!4 OV7. öB OV "# Oæ $ y Oô#9 2 1/4 $(113.4 g), < .B 1/12 inch(2.13 mm) ½) < A y À# ë- < "÷ %4 Õ ã!4U, ghB OV(finial setting time) u& y OVRSN 2 1 $ (453.62 g), < .B 1/24 inch(1.06 mm) ½) <RS "÷ ^4 Õ ã OV7. 7. 7. . 2. 2. 2. 2, f. 2, i. 1. 1. 1, f. 1, i. ¸9 ( AB ) ⁄ AB M.W. ( AB ) . -------------------------------------------------------- = -------------------------- 7. ( AB ) ⁄ AB M.W. ( AB ) . 9 AB+ <= >? ^ rsM+, [AB] + ^ ³/, (AB)+ 4 ^« O$ q7. { - 1 2+ cc a;~ #9 ][ rsMU, - i~ f+ cc > ? >? t ã BÉ[ rs q7. ]RS <=>?Z/ b+ #9 <= :; _(g)# a;#9 <= :; _(g) b~ F7. ¸9 a;#9 <= :; #9 <= :; bXRSY a;~ # 9 :; <=>? Z/ ×[ b 27. , A B Z/+ A B OV W 6$ Å +,, A B >?O À#9 l(loss of glistening) (+ iRS v 2 ( AB )2 ⁄ ---- = --------------------------------------------------------------------- = v 1 ( AB )1 ⁄. 2. 2. 1. 1. 2002, Vol. 46, No. 1. (salt precipitation) ~ a;#9 BaSO , BaCO , CaCO " <=>? GH ], a;# b$ #9 :; <=>? Z/ a(fRU, GH ] + Table 1 F7. ÿ, BaSO <=>?#9+ L` ® a;¬7 #9 3.6% 6/ <= w ^(f GH$I , BaCO <=>?#9+ L`® a;¬7 3.8% 6/ <= w ^$I , CaCO <=>?#9+ L`® a;¬7 4.4% 6/ <= w ^$I7. ~ a;#9 A B >? GH ] + Table 2~ F7. A B >? OV W6 ], À OV(surface glistening time) L` a ;#9+ d 5u 38ö(STD, ±30ö)f , # 9+ d 5u 55ö(STD, ±10ö)f7. {, ö B OV(initial hardening time) L` a;#9+ + d 11u 18ö(STD, ±20ö)f #9+ d 11u 11ö(STD, ±27ö) fRU, gh B OV(final hardening time) L` a;#9+ d 19u 34 ö(STD, ±35ö) fRr #9+ d 17u 45ö (STD, ±49ö)f7(Fig. 1). ]RS L 4. 3. 4. 3. 3. 3.
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(29) . 10. Table 1. Comparisons of salt precipitation rate between the control and magnetized water BaCO3. BaSO4. Fraction. CaCO3. control. Mg. control. Mg. control. Mg. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15. 249.6 240.3 246.1 246.2 246.1 241.5 246.7 240.9 242.6 249.2 246.2 240.5 243.9 247.7 249.3. 257.2 258.9 252.8 250.4 250.4 255.0 251.9 250.5 247.5 257.1 244.7 258.4 257.3 258.5 258.2. 188.7 184.3 186.6 185.5 189.0 187.1 187.7 188.0 184.8 188.3 189.5 187.2 188.4 187.2 187.9. 191.3 193.2 202.0 188.1 198.8 188.3 194.7 194.0 197.4 195.9 193.3 194.5 194.1 195.5 192.9. 154.4 155.7 153.3 153.4 156.4 159.6 150.3 156.1 156.7 155.8 157.8 154.8 156.9 158.8 156.1. 161.4 162.0 154.7 156.5 156.8 167.2 168.9 162.8 160.9 160.2 171.3 160.0 166.5 163.7 164.1. total average STD. 3676.80 245.1 000 3.28. 3808.80 253.9 00 4.52. 2810.20 187.3 0001.51. 2914.00 194.3 0003.60. 2336.10 155.7 0002.32. 2437.00 162.5 0004.67. unit: mg, control: distilled water, Mg: magnetized water. Table 2. Comparison of hardening time of dental gypsum between the control and magnetized water Fraction. Control water Surface glistening Initial hardening. Magnetized water Final hardening. Surface glistening Initial hardening. Final hardening. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10. 04 : 35 05 : 20 05 : 45 05 : 40 05 : 55 05 : 30 06 : 00 05 : 20 05 : 50 06 : 25. 10 : 55 11 : 15 11 : 20 11 : 10 10 : 55 11 : 05 11 : 30 11 : 20 11 : 35 12 : 00. 18 : 35 19 : 20 20 : 00 19 : 55 19 : 40 20 : 05 19 : 50 19 : 00 18 : 55 20 : 20. 05 : 40 05 : 55 05 : 50 06 : 05 05 : 40 05 : 50 05 : 55 06 : 00 06 : 10 06 : 05. 10 : 15 10 : 35 11 : 25 11 : 35 11 : 20 11 : 40 11 : 15 11 : 05 11 : 25 11 : 15. 16 : 55 17 : 35 18 : 0 19 : 05 17 : 40 17 : 00 16 : 50 19 : 00 17 : 10 18 : 15. average STD. 05 : 38 00 : 30. 11 : 18 00 : 20. 19 : 34 00 : 35. 05 : 55 00 : 10. 11 : 11 00 : 27. 17 : 45 00 : 49. unit: min: sec. ` a;# b$ gh B OV ij$2 kl (f Ì 7.. ch ß no7+ i ® ¬ + ' Ì( + >À# . ® RS uA
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(32) $+ Þ) 6#9 :;" <=>?# C + D E GHXRSY ÞN[ $ $I7. + CaCl } aO9 Ca ³/ #9 a 7 "# } ¬ (fRU, ¬Þ! *+ OpÀ . 8-11. 2+. 2. 12. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
(33) . 11. + Na r K "+ ý u
(34) L # b D E 7 C SO r CO ~ ÈrÀ RS < =>? ÞRp+ _KRS9 <=>? b$ # y$7. 8
(35) #9 L`® a;# b$ #9 BaSO , BaCO , CaCO <=>? a (f+,, + u
(36) L (À9 ' w cluster" xXRS9 u T ]y @ >?z a(4È u~ 7 K V ]y @ >?z RS kl()9 Ba ~ Ca F b d :;" L` a;#9 ¬7 #9 <=>? Z/ a q¸ ^c7. ] + L` a;~ b} <=Z/# ][ ¬+,, + í Z# ù- + K" u~ 8>? ×[ V RS rs qRS, L` Þ> a; ~+ 7 u ¹º rs q7. 8
(37) #9+ Îi(memory effect) $ 24OV å 800 Gauss Á RSN 3 [ T}, BaSO , BaCO , CaCO < = >? Z/[ W6} d 3.6~4.4% 6/ a ] [ 3fRr, Èd ¬7 ¯ RS (+ ¨B#9 :; <=>? GH$À 9: ¯ <= >?Z/ a[ Â q¸ ^c7. , A B >?# v$2 G)(+,, A B + >? ] CaSO ;<H O + 1< H O→CaSO ;2H O + 3900 cal/g molS rs7. >? º >?U, ^
(38) L CaSO ;2H O Aõ]6 [ x7. ~ F A >?$+ BÉ#+ r sM+ u ¹º ¼ ¦= DE C 2 (+ ,, ]RS L` a;# b$ A B >? noOp+ qRS rst7. A B >?#9, + À OV(surface glistening time) a;# b$ dV a() rs tRU, ö B OV(initial hardening time) 9S b>$I4È gh B OV(final hardening time) a;# b$ #9 9: kl() rst7. A B >?# [ T =
(39) #9, ¬7 ?Ø$ v
(40) L A ]6 È")4 + q GH$I+,, 8
(41) #9+ A B >?#9 L` a;~ [ T$I ã A ]6 ® CaSO B >? Z/ ×[ +. +. 2−. 2−. 4. 3. 4. 3. 3. 2+. Fig. 1. Comparison of hardening time of dental gypsum plaster between the control and magnetized water. : control : magnetized water. water. . . $2 Aõ ? ^4 Õ slough () ,2 ÔÑ(+ <= ^+ q ¬ (f7. + :; K >? Z/[ aO-RSY Ca } aOp K ,2 >?$ ²Z <=>? ÞRp2 XRSY Þ>RS ¬ Þ! M CaCO Aõ <=>? 99' Þ )%RSY ^+ .7 ]6 [ / ô ]6 <= a(), ¬Þ! M# ^(+ Aõ <= slough <= ¼S 0 q7. { Higashitani # 1O\ CaCl ~ Na CO íRSN ÔÑ Æ, á í ) ^+ <=® CaCO crystal GH $I4 È, )2 + ][ 34+ 5$I7. :; K <=>?#9 L`® a; # b$ :; }/[ aO4 5È -·¸ 8
(42) #9 GH ~ F K :; <=>? Z/[ aO :; <= a ÂÈ $7. + =
(43) #9 GH ¦# 9 KCl, glycine, Tris-base, MgSO , @ boric acid #9+ }/ a(fRr NaCl, sodiumcitrate, urea, (NH ) SO #9+ '( }/ k l(+ i/ v G) qRS W(+ ,, + ½¾ :;# $ K [ a Op+ q -·¸
(44) L u ¹º# ¸ 6RS :; K # ô7 ^c 7. 8
(45) #9+ OæG M#9 b ,2 Þ )rU, º <=>? ÞRp+ BaSO , BaCO , CaCO <= >? GH$I7. Ba ~ Ca 13. 2+. 3. 2. 2. 3. 3. 14. 5. 4. 4 2. 4. 4. 2+. 3. 3. 2002, Vol. 46, No. 1. 2+. 4. 3. 4. 2. 4. 4. 2. 2. 15,16. 5. 4. 2+. 3. 2.
(46)
(47) . 12. GH$I7. A B >? Þh u~ ¨>?RS9 BaSO r BaCO <=>? ÄT,, CaSO ;H O A u& >?# $ gh B <=>? ÞRp+ q7. ¸9 8
(48) #9+ CaCO ~ CaSO ¸+ á î 9S 7 @A <=# ´[  7. A B >?# C + DE S á (biphasic)S rsr+,, ö À OVr ö B OV#+ B Ñ )9 L` a;~ Ñ ÄT >?Z/[ ¬IRr, gh B OV W6#9+ [ T BÉ#9 i j$2 ²Z B no i GH(f7. ]R S L` a;#9¬7 #9 A gh B Z/ ij$2 a(fRmS, + u ¹º + | A >?# DE CC qRS ^c(U, u cluster gh B 6#9 CaSO ;<H O® A u~ ²Z ]6 [ D qRS W7. ! A ]6 no i# ]+ =#
(49) # A ]6 _#9 Þ> a;# b$ A ]6 [ aOpU, ¬7 v
(50) L A ]6 È+ i Þ 7. i ÞN <= @ >?# (+ q -·¸ µ ^i # ½á rsE RmS w " # ' g¥#+ nano/micro GF 7. clustered water¸+ GS$ îH ^ # ¦= DE C + q
(51) ()4 RU òRS ® ; )(I }]$ $ 9+ # JK
(52) ()Ð Â q7. 8
(53) [ Ö$ 8
(54) " <=, ¨ @ >?#9 Þ> a;~ ×r+ >? ¬ + q GH$IRU ! i ®;^L# $ }9+ òRS u @ u ^
(55) F/ 2 ()Ð 7 T ©7. 4. 4. 3. 2. 3. 4. 4. 1. " <=>? Z/ GH] Þ> L` a;#9 ¬7 #9 :; <=>? BaSO + 3.6%, BaCO + 3.8%, CaCO + 4.4%e cc a $I7. 2. A B >?#9 À OV(surface glistening time) a;#9+ ´M 5u 38ö(STD, ±30ö)I #9+ ´M 5u 55ö(STD, ±10ö)S # 9 dV a$IRr, ö B OV(initial hardening time) a;#9+ ´M 11u 18ö(STD, ±20ö) #9+ ´M 11u 11ö(STD, ±27ö)fR U, gh B OV(Final hardening time) a;# 9+ ´M 19u 34ö(STD, ±35ö)4È #9 + ´M 17u 45ö(STD, ±49ö)S #9 gh B OV a;¬7 ij$2 ¶°7. 4. 3. 3. . 2. 5. 4-6,8,17,18. 19,20. 8
(56) #9 Þ> L` a;~ #9 :; <=>? @ A B >? GH ] + 7 F7.. 1. Lielmezs, J.; Alleman, H. Thermochim Acta. 1977, 21(2), 225. 2. Simola, J.; Virtamo, J. J. Phys. 1978, 11(19), 3309. 3. Vacek, V. Thermochim. Acta. 1980, 35(2) 181. 4. Zhang, Y. S.; Wu, H. W. Z. Urol. Nephrol. 1987, 80(9), 517. 5. Jeon, S. I.; Kim, D-R.; Lee, S. K. J. Korean Chemical Soc. 2001, 45(2), 116. 6. Colic, M; morse, D. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 1998, 200, 265. 7. O’brien, W. J.; Ryge, G. An Outline of Dental Materials and Their Selection: W. B. Saunders Co., London, 1978. 8. Schimmelpfeng, J.; Dertinger, H. Bioelectromagnetics 1997, 18(2), 177. 9. Hazlewood, C. F.; Nichols, B. L.; Chang, D. C.; Brown, B. Johns Hopkins Med. J. 1971, 128(3), 117. 10. Akber, S. F. Med. Hypotheses 1997, 48(1), 71. 11. Akver. S. F. Eur. J. Radiol. 1989, 9(4), 198. 12. Mohiaddin, R. H.; Firmin, D. N.; Underwood, S. R. Br. Heart J. 1989, 62(2), 81. 13. Caines, G. H.; Schleich. T.; Morgan, C. F.; Farnsworth, P. N. Biochemistry 1990, 29(33), 7547. 14. Higashitani, K.; Kage, A.; Katamura, S.; Imai, K.; Hatade, S. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1993, 156, 90. 15. Ingram, G. S.; Horay, C. P.; Stead, W. J. Caries Res. 1992, 26(4), 248. 16. Tziafas, D.; Econnomides, N. J. Endod. 1999, 25(8), 539. 17. Coey, J. M. D.; Cass, S. J. Magnetism and Magnetic Journal of the Korean Chemical Society.
(57) Materials 2000, 209, 71. 18. Higashitani, K.; Oshitani, J. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1998, 204(2), 363. 19. Murphy, D.; Pinho, M. N. D. J. Membrane Sci. 1995,. 2002, Vol. 46, No. 1. 13. 106, 245. 20. Kawagoe, M.; Takeshima, M.; Nomiya, M.; Qiu, J.; Morita, M.; Mizuno, W.; Kitano, H. Polymer 1999, 40, 1373..
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