POINT 12-1 일치와 화법의 종류 POINTCHECK1
1 are 2 work 3 was 4 is 5 Do 6 could 7 had to 8 were 9 was 10 cost
POINT 12-2 수의 일치 1 단수 취급 주어 POINTCOKCOK
1 have risen 2 are
POINTCHECK1
1 is 2 is 3 is 4 is 5 are 6 has 7 gathers 8 makes 9 eat 10 is
POINTCHECK2
1 doesn’t have 2 is 3 are 4 is
5 is 6 goes
7 is
POINT 12-3 수의 일치 2 복수 취급 주어 POINTCHECK1
1 are 2 are 3 come 4 are
5 are 6 them, them 7 were 8 don’t 9 have 10 are, them 11 make 12 enjoy
13 is 14 is
15 are
POINT 12-4 수의 일치 3 주의해야 할 주어 POINTCOKCOK
1 is 2 were 3 are
POINTCHECK1
1 pass 2 is 3 am 4 loves 5 are 6 are 7 needs 8 was 9 are 10 were 11 is 12 has 13 are 14 wear 15 is 16 is 17 are 18 have 5 설명을 받을 명사 the girl에 해당하는 her을 설명할 절에서
지우고 소유격이므로 whose를 쓴 후 두 문장을 연결한다.
6 ‘그녀는 학생이다 + (그녀는) 달리기를 잘한다.’ 두 문장은 주 격관계대명사 who(that)를 사용하여 연결한다. run의 주어 가 student이고 현재시제이므로 -s를 붙이는 것에 유의한다.
7 ‘그 음식은 맛있다 + 그 식당이 (그 음식을) 제공한다.’ 두 문
장은 목적격관계대명사 which(that)를 사용하여 연결한다.
8 관계부사의 계속적용법은 콤마(,)를 쓰고 관계사절에 수식을 받는 부사를 빼고 두 문장을 연결한다.
9 This house를 설명할 문장에서 부사구 in the house를 빼 고 관계부사 where를 콤마(,)와 함께 쓴다.
Chapter 12 일치와 화법 61
POINTCHECK1
1 played 2 had played 3 will 4 would 5 saw 6 had seen 7 could 8 would be 9 didn’t 10 would
POINTCHECK2
1 will 2 missed 3 had missed 4 can not 5 couldn’t 6 would 7 was 8 called
9 was 10 O
11 O 12 would
13 O 14 O
15 had bought
POINT 12-6 시제일치의 예외 POINTCHECK1
1 Korean War was over in 1953 2 he runs every morning
3 everything would turn out to be false 4 the eight planets go around the sun 5 a friend in need is a friend indeed
CHECK UP+ (2) A
1 was 2 lived 3 could 4 could
5 is 6 had bought
7 had stolen 8 travels
9 broke 10 was
B
1 would 2 was studying 19 were 20 is
CHECK UP+ (1) A
1 makes 2 were 3 likes 4 is 5 is 6 has
7 is 8 is 9 is
10 is, it
B
1 are 2 O 3 O
4 are 5 is 6 am
7 is 8 O 9 use
10 are
C
1 attend 2 is 3 are 4 are 5 makes 6 live
7 is 8 wants 9 increases
10 is
D
1 Two thirds of my books are about science.
2 The number of foreign cars is increasing.
3 The United States was ready for the war against Iraq.
4 Economics is popular among the stu-dents.
5 Three quarters of the area is desert.
POINT 12-5 시제의 일치 POINTCOKCOK
1 were 2 had been 3 would go
2 Erica told me (that) she was satisfied with her job then.
3 My brother told her (that) he had broken her glasses.
4 My teacher told me (that) Rome was not built in a day.
POINT 12-8 의문문의 화법 전환 POINTCOKCOK
1 Who are you 2 who you are 3 I want
POINTCHECK1
1 He asked me where I was.
2 Ron asked me if(whether) I was tired.
3 Tom asked me how I went to school.
4 My mother always asks me how my school is.
5 Clara asked her brother if(whether) he loved the singer.
POINTCHECK2
1 Mr. Yoon asked me what I was doing then.
2 I asked her what she was going to buy.
3 Brian asked me how I had solved the question.
4 He asked me if(whether) I really wanted to go for a walk.
5 Rick asked me if(whether) he could give me a few questions.
POINT 12-9 명령문의 화법 전환 POINTCHECK1
1 He asked me to close the door.
2 He asked me not to drive so fast.
3 They told me not to make a noise.
3 had left 4 goes 5 ended 6 is writing 7 was feeling 8 couldn’t 9 always goes 10 is
C
1 would succeed 2 wouldn’t tell 3 is good for 4 had found 5 discovered
D
1 We learned that Lee Seongye founded the Chosun Dynasty.
2 She used the pencil case that I had bought for her.
3 Kelly said that she had lived in Beijing for 5 years.
4 He told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
5 She believed that they would come out of the cave when they were hungry.
POINT 12-7 평서문의 화법 전환 POINTCOKCOK
1 boils 2 is 3 invented
POINTCHECK1
1 tells, he will, me tomorrow
2 told, would, me the next(following) day 3 told, she was, him there
4 told, he would, her the next(following) day 5 told, she would, that, her
POINTCHECK2
1 Dr. Johnson said (that) it is important to take vitamin C.
Chapter 12 일치와 화법 63
중간 기말고사 예상문제
1 ⑤ 2 ② 3 ① 4 ③ 5 ① 6 ① 7 ① 8 ① 9 are 10 ③ 11 ⑤ 12 ④ 13 ③ 14 ② 15 ② 16 ② 17 ③ 18. ①, ② 19 ④ 20 ⑤ 21 ⑤ 22 ⑤ 23 ⑤ 24 ② 25 ①, ② 26 ② 27 ③ 28 ① 29 ④ 30 ③ 31 ② 32 ② 33 ④
서술형 평가
1 told 2 makes 3 not to 4 asked 5 Have, you, had, lunch 6 lend, me, some, money 7 asked me who I liked to go shopping with 8 asked him if he could play the traditional instrument 9 to find something that they want to do in their lives 10 he would try his best 11 me where I had been 12 I as well as you am busy. 13 Neither you nor he is lazy. 14 Either you or she has to do it. 15 Each of you is going to 16 She asked the boy where he came from.
해설
1 ① Everything: 단수취급
② pants 쌍을 이루는 명사 → 복수취급 ③ Physics -s로 끝나는 학문명 → 단수취급 ④ Curry and rice 하나의 품목 → 단수취급
⑤ 부분명사는 뒤의 전체명사에 따름 students → 복수취급 2 not only A but(also) B: B에 일치
3 five years: 하나의 단위로 단수취급
4 ① Mathematics: -s로 끝나는 학문명 → 단수취급 ② A as well as B: A에 일치
③ Most of them: 부분명사 뒤의 전체명사가 복수 → 복수 취급
④ Twenty miles: 하나의 단위로 단수취급 ⑤ 동명사 주어: 단수취급
5 ① glasses: 쌍을 이루는 명사 → 복수취급 ② A number of = many → 복수취급
③ The old= 「the + 형용사」: ‘~한 사람들’ → 복수취급 ④ Neither A nor B: B에 일치
⑤ bread and butter: ‘버터 바른 빵’(하나의 품목) → 단수 4 A man told us not to swim there again.
5 I asked mom to make some apple juice.
CHECK UP+ (3) A
1 said, had not done 2 told, that day
3 to move those boxes 4 not to touch
5 to come
6 to use a navigator in that town
7 to hand the report in by the next(following) day
8 ordered her to send those letters that day 9 she didn’t understand what I was saying 10 what I was looking for then
B
1 was 2 said
3 it was 4 my sister was 5 that 삭제 6 that day 7 to speak 8 to stand 9 not to
10 the next(following) day
C
1 if(whether) he could go to the science museum with her
2 if(whether) he had found his wallet
3 there is no right or wrong way to see the world
4 to find the differences between the two pictures
일반적 사실: 현재시제 ④ 년도 등 과거부사와는 과거시제
⑤ 주절이 과거일때 will → would
22 의문사가 없는 의문문의 화법전환: 전달동사 ask, 접속사는 if(whether), 간접의문문의 어순인 「주어 + 동사」 순으로 바 꾸고 시제일치를 시킨다.
23 의문사가 없는 의문문의 화법전환: 전달동사 ask, 접속사는 if(whether), 간접의문문의 어순인 「주어 + 동사」 순으로 바 꾸고 시제일치를 시킨다.
24 Ⓐ want → wanted Ⓑ was Tom → Tom was Ⓓ that → if(whether)
25 ‘There is / are~’는 뒤에 나오는 명사의 수에 따라 다르게 쓴다. a lot of different cultures가 복수이기 때문에 ‘There are~’여야 한다. ②는 ‘~인지 아닌지’의 뜻이 되어야 하므 로 if(whether)가 적절하다.
26 의문사가 없는 의문문의 화법전환: 전달동사 ask, 접속사는 if(whether), 간접의문문의 어순인 「주어 + 동사」 순으로 바 꾸고 시제일치를 시킨다.
27 명령문의 화법전환: to부정사로 연결 28 과학적 사실은 현재시제
29 명령문 화법전환: to부정사로 연결, 시제일치
30 간접화법을 직접화법으로 전환할 때 명령문의 「not to + 동 사원형」은 「don’t + 동사원형」이 된다.
31 부정명령문의 간접화법은 「not(never) to + 동사원형」이 된다.
32 명령문의 화법전환 시 목적어가 있을 경우, 「ask(tell, advise, order) + 목적어 + to부정사」가 된다.
33 간접화법의 had p.p.는 직접화법에서 과거시제가 된다.
서술형 평가
1 said는 목적어 me를 갖지 못한다.
2 일반적, 과학적 사실은 현재시제를 쓴다.
3 부정명령문은 「not + to부정사」이다.
4 if(whether)의 의문문의 직접화법은 전달동사를 ask로 한다.
5 ask ~ if 의문문의 간접화법이므로 의문문의 형태인 「동사 + 주어」 순으로 하고 had p.p.는 have p.p.로 쓰는 것이 알맞다.
6 「ask + 목적어 + to 부정사」는 명령문의 간접화법형태이므 로 동사원형으로 시작하는 명령문이 알맞다. 이때 빈칸이 하 나 남으므로 ask(부탁하다)에 의해 부탁의 명령형인 please 를 문장의 앞이나 뒤에 쓴다.
7 의문사가 있는 의문문의 화법전환: 전달동사 ask, 접속사는 취급
6 1000 grams: 하나의 단위 → 단수취급, the Netherlands:
국가명 → 단수취급, news: 단수취급, the number of: ‘~
의 수’ → 단수취급
7 not A but B: ‘A가 아니라 B’ → B에 일치, 「percent(부 분명사) + 전체명사」 → 전체명사에 일치, population(인 구): 단수취급, 「the + 형용사」: ‘~한 사람들’ → 복수취급, scissors: 쌍을 이루는 명사 → 복수취급, 관사가 하나인 A and B → 단수취급
8 a lot of time: 셀 수 없는 명사 → 단수취급
9 「half(부분명사) + 전체명사」 → 전체명사에 일치, A and B:
항상 복수취급, 「the + 형용사」: ‘~한 사람들’ → 복수취급 10 a number of = many: 복수취급, was done → were
done
11 ① 동명사 주어: 단수취급 ② A as well as B: A에 일치 ③ Either A or B: B에 일치
④ 「Half(부분명사)」 + 전체명사」: 전체명사에 일치 ⑤ A and B: 단일 품목이 아니므로 복수취급
12 「all + 복수 사람」 → 복수취급, 「rest(부분명사) + 전체명사」:
전체명사에 일치
13 「some(부분명사) + 전체명사」: 전체명사에 일치
14 neither A nor B: B에 일치, A and B: 각각 관사가 있으므 로 동일인이 아님→ 복수취급
15 역사적 사실은 항상 과거
16 주절이 과거일 때 will → would, 주절과 동시에 일어나는 일 은 과거시제
17 의문사가 있는 의문문의 화법전환: 전달동사 ask, 접속사는 의문사로, 의문문은 간접의문문인 「주어 + 동사」의 어순으 로 바꾸고 시제일치를 시킨다.
18 ① will → would ② 과학적, 일반적 사실은 과거시제 ③ 과학적 사실은 현재시제 ④ 일반적 사실은 현재시제 ⑤ arrived 과거보다 더 과거에 일어난 일 → had p.p.
19 의문사가 있는 의문문의 화법전환: 전달동사 ask, 접속사는 의문사로, 의문문은 간접의문문인 「주어 + 동사」의 어순으 로 바꾼다.
20 직접화법을 간접화법으로 전환할 때 주어 일치시키고 전달 동사에 맞춰 종속절의 시제를 일치시키면 된다.
21 ① Every 단수취급 ② 현재의 습관: 현재시제 ③ 과학적,