본 연구에서는 원격탐사기법을 이용하여 자연환경성 우수지역을 평가한 방법을 적용하였 다. 특히 산림 지역을 중심으로 임상도의 영급과 식생보전 등급 1, 2등급 지역을 종속변수 로 지정하여 이와 비슷한 환경의 지역들을 자연환경성 우수지역으로 선정하였기 때문에 습지, 초지, 하천과 같은 환경의 자연환경성 우수지역들은 평가에서 낮은 평가를 받았다.
때문에 향후 연구에서는 습지, 초지, 하천을 포함하여 다양한 환경의 자연환경성 우수지역 을 평가할 수 있도록 평가방안을 고려해야 한다.
북한의 자연환경성 평가와 환경의 현황을 파악하기 위해 북한 지역의 토지피복지도의 구축이 시급하다 판단된다. 기구축된 대분류 토지피복지도는 다양한 분석 및 활용에 제한이 많기 때문에 중분류급 이상의 토지피복지도가 구축된다면 본 연구에서 활용한 각 요소로부 터의 거리 및 산림패치의 분석과 같이 정밀한 분석이 가능할 것이라 판단된다.
본 연구의 방법론을 확장하여 북한 전역으로 평가를 확대할 수 있는 방안 또한 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 Sentinel-2 위성의 영상 3신을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이렇게 도출된 자연환경 우수지역을 종속변수로 지정하고 향후 위 종속변수로 지정한 지역들을 포함한 북한 지역의 영상이 확보된다면 추가적으로 북한 지역의 자연환경성 우수지역 평가가 가능 할 것으로 판단되며, 추후 북한 전역에 대한 평가가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
우리나라에서 구축·운영하고 있는 국토환경성 평가지도와의 연계방안을 고려하여 향후 발전시킬 수 있는 방안을 고려해야 한다. 특히 앞 절에서 비교하였듯이, 본 연구에서 도출한 자연환경성 우수지역 상위 60% 지역에 국토환경성 평가지도 환경생태적 평가 1등급이
84%를 차지하고, 본 연구에서 수행한 자연환경성 평가 결과 상위 20% 지역 중 92.4%가 국토환경성 평가지도 환경생태적 평가 1등급에 해당되었으므로, 충분히 연계가 가능할 것 으로 판단된다.
마지막으로 북한 환경공간정보와 관련하여 협력체계를 유지하고 지속적인 관리가 필요하 다. 특히 북한의 황폐화 현황에 대한 지속적인 모니터링(국립산림과학원), 북한의 논, 밭 등 농경지에 대한 지속적인 모니터링(국립농업과학원)을 수행하고 있는 기관들과의 협력을 통해 지속적인 발전이 필요하다. 통일 대비 산림황폐지 및 우수 산림자원 분포지역과 같은 북한산림기본정보를 구축하고 있는 국립산림과학원은 연구 결과의 협력 및 발전이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.
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검색일: 2016.6.30.Abstract
Construction and Utilization of Environmental Information in Inaccessible Terrain II: Focused on Assessment of Environmentally Valuable Areas
Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Huicheul Jung et al.
Establishment of a comprehensive land development strategy which reflects environmental planning is essential for balanced conservation and management of the nation’s land and preventing the destruction of environmental hotspots in the course of rapid land development anticipated after the Korean reunification. Such national land planning should be preceded by an objective environmental assessment of North Korea’s territory. However, spatial environmental data of North Korea required for national land planning have not been constructed yet. Therefore, research into the construction of North Korea’s spatial environmental data and the assessment of environmentally valuable areas using such data are necessary.
In this study, we suggested the indicators to be used for the assessment of North Korea’s environmentally valuable areas selected using remote sensing techniques and the methodology of assessment. By reviewing previous domestic and overseas studies on environmental assessment, 30 indicators were extracted from the Global DEM and Sentinel-2 images.
Logistic regression analysis were performed to assess environmentally
valuable areas with 30 independent variables and 2 dependent variables
consisted of regions classified as vegetation conservation classes 1 and 2 and
those categorized as age class 5 or above in forest type map. Using the indicators filtered through the independency analysis, the probability map of environmentally valuable areas was constructed with the accuracy of 89.4%
in case of the intersection of the two dependent variables and 79.0% for their union.
For the verification of accuracy, the result of the study was compared with the Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM). It was found that 84% of the Class 1 in ECVAM were included in the top 60% of the environmentally valuable areas evaluation results. Therefore, we concluded that the top 40% from the assessment can be classified as core environmentally valuable areas and top 60% can be classified as environment buffer areas.
The result of the study is expected to be utilized in a wide range of national land and environmental management as a preparation for the reunification, and in enacting environmental conservation policies. Moreover, the assessment result can contribute to the ecologically sustainable evaluation of the demilitarized zone and the construction of the forest spatial data of the Korean Peninsula.
Keywords : North Korea, Assessment of Environmentally Valuable Areas,
Sentinel-2, Logistic Regression Analysis
정휘철 (연구책임)
일본 교토대학교 지구환경학 박사
일본 교토대학교 지구환경학 박사