물환경중 의약품류의 검출현황 및 관리동향
Ⅳ. 미량오염물질 관리를 위한 제언
하수처리수내에 잔류 의약품 및 화장품 등이 존재하고 있을 가능성이 있으나, 이들의 환경 중으로의 확산 정도나 환경에 미칠 수 있는 리스크 정도에 대한 정보는 많지 않은 상황이다. 따라서, 여전히 세계 각국에서 는 이러한 물질들이 환경 중 분포현황이나 독성영향 등에 대한 연구 및 이를 토대로 한 관리방안 마련에 노력하고 있다. 이러한 노력중의 하나가
물환경중 의약품류의 검출현황 및 관리동향 _ 149
수환경중 의약품 및 화장품의 주요 배출원인 하수처리시설로부터의 의약 품 및 화장품 배출 저감을 실시하는 것이다. 어느 나라를 막론하고, 하수 처리시설은 생물학적 처리를 기반으로 하고 있으나, 앞서 살펴본 바와 같 이 의약품 및 화장품의 성분은 매우 다양하며, 이들은 또한 각각의 다른 물성을 가지고 있기 때문에 생물학적 처리에 의한 제거효과는 대상물질 에 따라 큰 편차를 보이고 있다. 따라서, 다수의 의약품 및 화장품 성분을 일정 수준 이상으로 효율적으로 제거하기 위해서는 오존, 막, UV 등과 같은 다양한 물리화학적 후처리(post‒treatment) 공정들이 단독 또는 병 용될 필요가 있는 것으로 사료된다. 대체로 이러한 후처리 공정들은 하수 처리수 유출수중에 존재하는 대다수의 의약품 및 화장품에 대해 90% 이 상 제거가능하다는 것을 선행연구 결과들로부터 알 수 있다. 의약품 및 화장품 등과 같은 수많은 미량 유기오염물질이 수환경중에서 검출되고 있고, 또한 이들의 인체 및 생태독성이 우려되고 있는 시대에 우리는 살 고 있다. 앞으로는 하수처리시설에 오존처리와 같은 후처리 공정의 도입 에 대한 환경적 benefits을 보다 면밀히 평가해 가야 할 것이다.
투고 2014년 10월 30일, 심사 2014년 11월 10일, 게재확정 2014년 11월 21일
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╷Abstract╷