** KAIST Õᖅၰ⪹ĞŖ⦺ŝ ᕾၶᔍ☖⧊ŝᱶ (gogyu@kaist.ac.kr)
**** ᯙǎᱽŖ⧎Ŗᔍ ᩑǍ}ၽ݉ ᱥྙᩑǍᬱ, Ŗ⦺ၶᔍ (jnh0815@hotmail.com) Received March 26, 2013/ revised June 29, 2013/ accepted September 4, 2013
Copyright ⵑ 2013 by the Korean Society of Civil Engineers
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0)
ǣǣȀȀǤǤȀͳͲǤͳʹͷʹȀ ǤʹͲͳ͵Ǥ͵͵ǤǤʹ͵ͻ͵ Ǥ ǤǤ
⟖⽿↾㦎㯓#⽾⻏#⮲ጎ㰖Ꮾ#㯓㚚⮎#ἶ#⮲㱦⳦#㦇ᆾ
ଗজ ȵճָ෮ ȵଲ ȵْ෮
Yoon, Seok*, Go, Gyu-Hyun**, Lee, Seung-Rae***, Cho, Nam-Hyun****
Evaluation of Heat Exchange Rate of Different Types of Ground Heat Exchangers
ABSTRACT
This research presents an experimental study of heat exchange rate of U, W, 2U and coil type ground heat exchangers (GHEs) measured by thermal performance tests (TPTs). The four types of GHEs were installed in a partially saturated dredged soil deposit of Incheon International Airport area. Thermal response tests (TRTs) were conducted for U, W and 2U type GHEs to deduce the ground thermal conductivity. Besides, TPTs were also conducted for U, W, 2U and coil type GHEs to evaluate heat exchanger rates under 100-hr continuous and 8-hr intermittent operation conditions for five days. Coil shaped GHE showed about twice higher thermal performance than the others GHEs. Furthermore, intermittent operation condition showed 30~40% higher heat exchange rates than continuous operation condition.
Key words : Ground heat exchanger, Thermal performance test, Thermal response test, Heat exchange rate
Ⅹಾ
ᅙםྙᨱᕽ۵ᯝၹᙹḢၡ⠱⩶ᨱᕽ᮹U, W, 2U əญŁ⎵ᯝ┡᯦᮹ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᄥᩕ⬉ᮉᮥ⠪a⦹ʑ᭥⦽ᝅ⨹ᱢᩑǍෝᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ
݅. ๅพḡḡၹᮝಽᯕᨕḥᯙǎᱽŖ⧎ᱽ2ᩍ~░ၙձᯕÕᖅࢁᇡḡᨱᙹḢၡ⠱⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑaᖅ⊹ࡹᨩ݅. ᬑᖁU, W əญŁ2U
⩶┽᮹ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑෝᯕᬊ⦽⩥ᰆᩕ᮲ݖᝅ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩍḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥෝࠥ⇽⦽⬥U, W, 2U əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑෝᯕᬊ⦹
ᩍ100eᩑᗮᬕᱥŝ5ᯝ࠺ᦩ᮹ᇡᇥᬕᬊ༉ऽಽ⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. Ԫႊa࠺᳑Õ⦹ᨱᕽ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊӹ ນḡ┡᯦᮹ᩕƱ⪹ʑॅᅕ݅᧞2႑ᱶࠥᩕƱ⪹ᮉᯕᔢࡹ۵äᮥᙹᯩᨩ݅. ੱ⦽ᇡᇥᬕᱥ༉ऽᩑᗮᬕᱥ༉ऽᅕ݅30~40% ᩕƱ⪹
ᮉᯕᔢࡹ۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅.
áᔪᨕ ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ, ᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹, ᩕ᮲ݖᝅ⨹, ᩕƱ⪹ᮉ
1. ᕽು
↽ɝॅᨕḡǍ᪉ӽ⪵, ⪵ᕾᨱթḡŁiಽᯙ⦹ᩍᝁᰍᔾᨱթḡᯕᬊᨱݡ⦽šᝍŝᙹa۹ᨕӹ໕ᕽḡᩕᬱᩕ⟭⥥ᜅ▽(ground source heat pump systems)᮹ ⦥ᖒᯕ ӹԁᯕ ᷾ݡࡹŁ ᯩ݅. ḡᩕᬱ ᩕ⟭⥥ ᜅ▽ᮡ ᩑᵲ ᯝᱶ⦽ ḡᵲᩕᮥ ᩕ⟭⥥᮹ ᩕᬱ(heat source)ŝ⯩✙ᝒⓍ(heat sink)ಽ⪽ᬊ⦹ᩍÕྜྷ᮹Ԫӽႊŝɪ┶ᮥ࠺ᨱǍ⩥⦹ʑভྙᨱᦩᱥ⦹Ł⬉ᮉᱢᯙℎᱶᝁᰍᔾᨱթḡᯕ݅.
ݓъėॡ
Fig. 1. Diagram of GHE
Fig. 2. Drill Log of the Test Site
ੱ⦽ḡᩕᬱᩕ⟭⥥ᜅ▽ᮡᨱթḡᱩ᧞⩶ʑᚁಽ៉ǎԕᨕॵᕽ ӹ ᯕᬊ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ۵ ᮁእ░ᜅ ᨱթḡಽ ᩍĉḥ݅(Geothermal Energy Education Center, 2011). ᯕ ᜅ▽᮹ Ǎᖒ ᗭ ᵲ
ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ(ground heat exchanger)۵ᱥℕᜅ▽᮹ᖒ܆ŝ
Ⅹʑᖅ⊹እෝđᱶ⦹۵ᵲ⦽ᗭᯕ໑ᯝၹᱢᮝಽʫᯕ150ⴇ 200m᮹ᙹḢၡ⠱⩶┡᯦ᯕaᰆฯᯕᔍᬊࡹŁᯩ݅. ᙹḢၡ⠱⩶
ᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵ᙹḢᮝಽŖࡽᅕᨕ⪡ŝḡᵲŝ᮹ᩕƱ⪹❭ᯕ⥥, əญŁ ᅕᨕ⪡ŝ ❭ᯕ⥥ ᔍᯕ᮹ ኩ Ŗeᮥ ₥ᬑ۵ əᬑ✙ಽ
Ǎᖒࡽ݅.
ᙹḢၡ⠱⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵Ⅹʑ׳ᮡŖእಽᯙ⦹ᩍᅕ݅
׳ᮡᩕ⬉ᮉᮥʑ᭥⦽ᩑǍॅᯕฯᯕḥ⧪ࡹŁᯩ݅. ᩕƱ⪹ʑෝ
☖⧕ᕽᵝᄡḡၹŝᩕᮥƱ⪹⦹۵ᩕᱥݍᮡᅕᨕ⪡ԕ᮹əᬑ✙
᮹ᩕྜྷᖒ, ᩕƱ⪹ʑ┡᯦ၰeĊəญŁᩕƱ⪹ʑ႑ᩕၰᙽ⪹ᙹ
✚ᖒ॒݅᧲⦽ᯙᯱᨱ᮹⧕ᩢ⨆ᮥၼᮝ໑ᯕᨱݡ⦽ฯᮡᩑǍa
ᙹ⧪ࡹŁᯩ݅(Park et al., 2013; Park et al., 2012; Lim et al., 2011; Min and Choi, 2011; Lee et al., 2010; Sohn et al., 2005). ᯝၹᱢᮝಽᙹḢၡ⠱⩶ᨱᕽḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ┡᯦ᮡŖ᮹
⠙ญᖒ॒ᮝಽᯙ⧕Uᯱ⩶ᯕaᰆฯᯕᱢᬊࡹŁᯩᮝӹUᯱ⩶
᮹ ݅᧲⦽ᩕƱ⪹ʑ ┡᯦ᨱ ෙᩕᱥݍ Ñ࠺ᨱ ݡ⦽ᩑǍ۵
ᇡ᳒⦽ ᝅᱶᯕ݅.
ᕽᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵Uᯱ⩶ᅕ݅մᮡᩕƱ⪹ᱲⅪ໕ᱢᮥaḡ ۵Wᯱ⩶ŝ2Uᯱ⩶əญŁᨱթḡ❭ᯝᨱձญᱢᬊࡹŁᯩ۵
⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᨱݡ⦽ᩕ⬉ᮉᮥእƱ⦹Łᯱ⦹ᩡᮝ໑ᯕෝ
᭥⧕ᯙǎᱽŖ⧎ᱽ2ᩍ~░ၙձᯕÕᖅࢁᇡḡᨱᙹḢၡ⠱⩶
┡᯦᮹Uᯱ⩶, Wᯱ⩶, 2Uᯱ⩶əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑෝ
ᖅ⊹⦹ᩡ݅. ᬑᖁ⩥ᰆḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥෝࠥ⇽⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍUᯱ⩶, Wᯱ⩶əญŁ2Uᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ⩥ᰆᩕ᮲ݖ⨹ᮥ
ᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ə⬥ᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᄥᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ⊂ᱶ⦹ʑ᭥⦹ᩍ
⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. ⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮡᬕᱥ᳑Õᄥ
ᩕƱ⪹ᮉ᮹₉ᯕෝᇥᕾ⦹Łᯱ100eᩑᗮᬕᩢ᳑Õŝᇡᇥᬕᩢ
᳑Õ(8eᬕᬊ, 16eݡʑ)ᮝಽ5ᯝeḥ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. ੱ⦽ĥ⊂ࡽ
sᮥ ɝÑಽ ⇵ᖙᖁ ᇥᕾ(regression analysis)ᮥ ☖⦹ᩍ 6}ᬵ
࠺ᦩ᮹ᩕᖒ܆sᮥᩩ⊂⦹ᩡ݅. ⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥ☖⧕ḡᵲ
ᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᄥᩕ⬉ᮉᮥᇥᕾ⦹ᩍᯕ᮹ᱢᬊᖒᨱݡ⧕ם᮹⧕
ᅕᦹ݅.
2. ⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹
2.1 ணવ֗ฅ׆ড౿Ս
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᯙǎᱽŖ⧎ᱽ2ᩍ~░ၙձÕᖅᇡḡᨱUᯱ⩶
ŝWᯱ⩶ၰ2Uᯱ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑෝ15cm ᅕᨕ⪡ḢĞԕᨱ
ᙹḢʫᯕ50m ಽᖅ⊹⦹ᩡ݅. ᯝၹᱢᮝಽUᯱ⩶ၰWᯱ⩶ŝ
zᮡᯙ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹ḢĞᮡ20ⴇ40mm ᱶࠥಽ15cm᮹ᅕᨕ⪡
ḢĞᨱᖅ⊹ࡹʑᨱᅙᩑǍᨱᕽࠥ15cm᮹ᅕᨕ⪡ᮥŖ⦹ᩡ݅.
⦹ḡอ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹Ğᬑ⎵ᯝ᮹Ğᯕ28cm ᯕʑᨱ
ᅕᨕ⪡ḢĞᮡ30cm ᩡᮝ໑⎵ᯝ⦝⊹eĊ5cmᨱᙹḢʫᯕ
30mಽᖅ⊹ࡹᨩ݅. ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵PB(polybutylene) ᗭᰍ᮹
❭ᯕ⥥(Ğ/ԕĞ: 20mm/16mm)aᔍᬊࡹᨩŁᅕᨕ⪡ԕᇡ۵ᄅ
☁ӹᯕ✙əᬑ✙ෝ₥ᬕ⩶┽ಽǍᖒࡹᨕᯩᮝ໑ᩕƱ⪹ʑ႑⊹
ᔢ┽۵ Fig. 1ŝ z݅. ᅕᨕ⪡ e eĊᮡ 6m ᯕ໑ ᝅ⨹ḡᩎᨱ
ݡ⧕ḡၹ᳑ᔍෝᙹ⧪⦽đŝᝅ✙ၰ༉௹ḩ♕ᱢ⊖ŝ⣮⪵ᦵ, ᩑᦵ॒ᮝಽǍᖒࡹᨕᯩ݅(Fig. 2). ๅพ⊖᮹N⊹۵2/30ⴇ38/30 ᱶࠥಽๅᬑ۱ᜉ(very loose) ԕḡ᳑ၡ(dense)⦽ᔢ┽ෝӹ┡ԕŁ
ᯩ݅. ੱ⦽♕ᱢ⊖ᮡǔᮡᱱ☁, ᝅ✙ၰ༉௹ᕿᯙᝅ✙⊖ᮝಽǍᖒࡹ
(a) Drilling of GHE (b) Installation of GHE (C) Bentonite Grouting
(d) Curing of Grout (e) Connection to TPT Equipment Fig. 3. Construction Process of GHE
Table 1. TPT (Thermal Performance Test) Equipment Item Specification
Heater Capacity 5kW Water Tank 20L (SUS 304) Flow meter 220 lpm
Pump 40m head,
100 lpm
Sensor RTD
ᨕᯩᮝ໑9/30ⴇ33/30᮹N sᮥӹ┡ԩ݅. ḡ⦹ᙹ᭥۵ḡ⢽໕ᨱ ᕽGL(-)3.5m ᝍࠥᨱ᭥⊹⧕ᯩᨩᮝ໑GL(-)30m ḡᱱᇡ░⣮⪵
ᦵၰᩑᦵᯕ⇽ᩑ⦹۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ⣮⪵ᦵᮡ༉ᦵᯙ⪵vᦵᯕ
ๅᬑᝍ⦹í⣮⪵ࡽᔢ┽ಽ༉ᦵ᮹᳑Ḣŝ⩶┽۵əݡಽ᳕⦹Ł
ᯩᨩᮝ໑⫊iᔪԕḡݕiᔪᮥӹ┡ԩᮝ໑50/13ⴇ50/2 ᱶࠥ᮹
N sᮥ ᅕᩡ݅. Fig. 3᮹ (a)ⴇ(e)۵ ᝅ⨹ ᱥ ᵝ Ŗŝᱶᮥ
ᅕᩍᵝŁ ᯩ݅.
2.2 વনۇਓࠤ
ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹ᩕᱥݍີ⍅ܩ᷹ᮡᩕᱥݍᮁℕaᅕᨕ⪡ԕ᮹
❭ᯕ⥥ԕෝᯕ࠺⦹໕ᕽəᬑ✙ᰍഭ᪡ᵝᄡ᮹ḡၹᮝಽᩕᮥ
⯂ᙹੱ۵ႊ⇽⦹۵ŝᱶᯕ݅. ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ᪡ᵝᄡḡၹᮝಽ᮹
ᩕᱥݍÑ࠺ᮡᅖᰂ⦹Łᅖ⧊ᱢᯙີ⍅ܩ᷹ᯕ⦥⦹ḡอᯝၹᱢ ᮝಽḡၹᮝಽ᮹ᩕᱥݍᮡᱥࠥᨱ᮹⧕ᯕᨕḥ݅(Brandl, 2006).
ᩕᱥݍႊᱶ᮹⧕ෝǍ⦹۵ႊჶᮡᖁ⩶ᩕᬱ༉ߙ(line source model), ᬱ☖⩶ᩕᬱ༉ߙ(cylindrical source model) əญŁᙹ⊹
⧕ᕾ༉ߙ॒ᯕᯩᮝ໑ᯕᵲྕ⦽ᖁ⩶ᩕᬱ༉ߙ(infinite line source model)ᮡ ⧕ᕾ᮹ e⠙ᖒŝ ⠙ญᖒᮝಽ ᯙ⧕ aᰆ ฯᯕ
ᔍᬊࡹŁᯩ݅. ྕ⦽ᖁ⩶ᩕᬱ༉ߙᮥᯕᬊ⦽ᮁ⬉ᩕᱥࠥࠥࠥ⇽
ŝᱶᮡᩍ్ྙ⨭ᨱᕽᱽࡹŁᯩ݅(Pahud and Matthey, 2001;
Lee et al., 2010). ྕ⦽ᖁ⩶༉ߙᮥ☖⦽ḡᵲᩕᱥࠥࠥ(Ł)۵
Eq. (1)ŝ zᮡ e⠙ᮥ ᔍᬊ⦹ᩍ ᩕ᮲ݖ ⨹ᮥ ☖⧕ eᨱ
ෙᮁℕ᪉ࠥෝ⊂ᱶ⦹ŁəđŝෝƄà ƒ᮹ၹݡᙹšĥಽ
ࠥ⦽ ə௹⥥᮹ ʑᬙʑ()ෝ ☖⧕ ᔑ⇽⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
Ł á ćªî¥Ñņ (1)
(a) Temperature Distribution vs. Time
(b) Temperature Distribution vs. lnt
Fig. 4. Fluid Average Temperature Distribution During the TRT (Thermal Response Test) ᩍʑᕽQ۵݉᭥eݚᵝ᯦ࡽᩕప, Lᮡᅕᨕ⪡᮹ʙᯕ,Ƅ۵
ᮁℕ᮹ ⠪Ɂ ᪉ࠥ, t۵ eᮥ ஜ⦽݅.
ੱ⦽ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥᔑᱶ⦹ʑ᭥⧕ᕽ۵ᩕᱥݍ
ๅ}ℕ᮹ ᩕ ᱡ⧎ᮥ ᔑ⇽⦹ᩍ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ ᔑᱶ⦹ᩍ ⦽݅. ᅙ
ᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᝅ⨹ᮥ☖⦹ᩍᩕƱ⪹ʑಽᮁ᯦ࡹ۵᪉ࠥෝᯝᱶ⦹í
ᱽᨕ⦹໕ᕽᮁ⇽ᙹ᪉ࠥෝ⊂ᱶ⦽⬥Eq. (2)ෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍᩕƱ⪹ᮉ
ᮥ ᔑᱶ⦹ᩡ݅.
ªî¥ á ùƋƁÞƄìƇƌƊƃƒà ƄìƍƓƒƊƃƒßî¥ (2)
ᩍʑᕽ, ùƋᮡᙽ⪹ᙹ᮹ḩప⮱ᗮࠥ(mass flow rate, ƉƅƑàÎ) ᯕŁc۵ᙽ⪹ᙹ᮹እᩕəญŁLᮡᅕᨕ⪡᮹ʫᯕᯕ݅. ᅙᩑǍᨱ ᕽᱽ᯲ࡽᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ʑ۵ḡᵲ᮹ᅕᨕ⪡ᨱๅᖅࡽḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ
ԕᇡෝᙽ⪹ᙹಽŖɪ⦹Łᮁℕ᮹᪉ࠥᄡ⪵ෝqḡ⦹۵ᜅ▽ᮝ ಽ ǍᖒࡹᨕᲙ ᯩ݅. ḡၹ᮹ ᮁ⬉ ᩕᱥࠥࠥෝ ⊂ᱶ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ۵
ᩕ᮲ݖᝅ⨹ᰆ⊹᪡zᯕᙽ⪹ᙹෝŖɪ⦹۵ᙹ᳑ԕᨱ⯩░ෝ
☖⦹ᩍ ᯝᱶ⦽ ᱥಆᮥ Ŗɪ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ݅. ੱ⦽ ⯩░ԕ᮹ ᪉ࠥෝ
ᯝᱶ⦹íᱽᨕ⧁ᙹᯩ۵᪉ࠥᱽᨕʑaᖅ⊹ࡹᨕᯩʑᨱḡᵲ
ᩕƱ⪹ʑಽ⮹్a۵ᮁ᯦ᙹ᪉ࠥෝᯝᱶ⦹íᮁḡ⦹Łᮁ⇽ᙹ
᪉ࠥෝ ĥ⊂⦹໕ ḡၹŝ᮹ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ ⊂ᱶ⧁ ᙹ ᯩ۵ ʑ܆ࠥ
┲ᰍࡹᨕᯩ݅. ᷪᅙᰆእෝᯕᬊ⦹໕ḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥෝ⊂ᱶ⧁
ᙹᯩ۵ᩕ᮲ݖᝅ⨹ᐱอᦥܩᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ⊂ᱶ⧁ᙹᯩ۵ᩕᖒ܆
ᝅ⨹ࠥa܆⦹݅Ł⧁ᙹᯩ݅. Table 1ᮡᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ʑ᮹ᱽᬱᮥ
ӹ┡ԙ݅.
3. ⩥ᰆᩕ᮲ݖᝅ⨹đŝ
Fig. 3ŝzᯕḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᖅ⊹⬥ḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥෝᔑᱶ⦹
ʑ᭥⦹ᩍU, W əญŁ2Uᯱ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᨱݡ⧕⩥ᰆᩕ᮲ݖ
ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ⎵ᯝ⩶Ʊ⪹ʑ᮹Ğᬑᯙ⩶┽aᦥܩʑᨱ
Eq. (1)᮹ྕ⦽ᖁ⩶ᩕᬱ༉ߙᮥᱢᬊ⦹ʑ۵ᨕಅᬕäᮝಽಅᲙ
ᯩ݅(Yoon et al., 2012). ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑaᖅ⊹ࡽᅕᨕ⪡ᨱᰆእෝ
ᩑđ⦹ᩍ48e࠺ᦩ⩥ᰆᩕ᮲ݖ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. ⯩░⚍᯦
ᱥ30ᇥeྕᇡ⦹ᬕᱥᮥ☖⧕ࠥ⇽ࡽḡၹ᮹Ⅹʑ᪉ࠥ۵15.8ⴇ 16.5°C ᩡᮝ໑ ᝅ⨹ ᮁపᮡ ӽඹ ᳑Õ ⩶ᖒᮥ ᭥⦹ᩍ 6ⴇ8 lpm sᮝಽᱽᨕ⦹ᩡŁᙽ⪹ᙹ᪉ࠥᐱอᦥܩᮁపsࠥ10ᇥ
eĊᮝಽᝅeᮝಽĥ⊂ᱡᰆ⦹ᩡ݅. Uᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᨱ⚍᯦ࡹ
۵ᩕపᮡ2000W ᩡᮝ໑Wᯱ⩶ŝ2Uᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᨱ۵3000W ᮹ᱥಆᮥ⚍᯦⦹ᩡ݅. 48e࠺ᦩ᮹ᩕ᮲ݖ⨹⬥Ⅹʑᩕᬊపᯕ
ᯝᱶ⦹ḡᦫᮡäᮥŁಅ⦹ᩍⅩʑ12e᪉ࠥߑᯕ░ෝᱽ⦹Ł
Eq. (1)ᮥᯕᬊ⦹ᩍḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥෝᔑᱶ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 4۵U, W əญŁ 2Uᯱ⩶ ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ ᯕᬊ ᩕ᮲ݖ ᝅ⨹ eᨱ
Fig. 5. Heat Exchange Rate for 100 Hours Under the Continuous Operation
ෙᙽ⪹ᙹ᮹⠪Ɂ᪉ࠥᄡ⪵ෝӹ┡ԙ݅. U, W əญŁ2Uᯱ⩶
ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊᨱෙḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥ۵bb2.13, 2.15, 2.17W/m·K sᮥ ᅕᩡ݅. ᩕƱ⪹ʑ ⩶┽ᄥ ḡၹ᮹ ᩕᱥࠥࠥa
1ⴇ2% ჵ᭥ ԕᨱᕽ ₉ᯕෝ ᅕᩡᮝӹ ᯕ۵ ḡၹ᮹ Ⅹʑ᪉ࠥa
᪥ᱥ⯩ᯝ⊹⦹ḡᦫᦹᮝ໑ᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽₉ᯕᨱʑᯙ⦽äᮝಽ
❱݉ࡽ݅.
4. ⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹đŝ
ᩕ᮲ݖ ᝅ⨹ ⬥ ࠺ᯝ⦽ ḡၹ ᳑Õ⦹ᨱᕽ U, W, 2U əญŁ
⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑaᖅ⊹ࡽᅕᨕ⪡ᨱᕽ⩥ᰆᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥ
ᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. Ԫႊa࠺ෝ༉ᔍ⦹ʑ᭥⧕ḡၹᮝಽ⚍᯦ࡹ۵᪉ࠥ
۵ 31°Cಽ ᯝᱶ⦹í ᱽᨕ⦹ᩡᮝ໑ 100e ᩑᗮ ᬕᩢ ᳑Õŝ
ᇡᇥᬕᩢ᳑Õ(8eᬕᬊ, 16eݡʑ)ᮝಽ5ᯝeḥ⧪⦹ᩍḡᵲ
ᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᨱෙᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥᔑᱶ⦹ᩡ݅. ᩕ᮲ݖᝅ⨹ŝษ₍
aḡಽ ӽඹ ᳑Õᮥ ⩶ᖒ⦹ʑ ᭥⦹ᩍ ᮁపᮡ 6ⴇ8lpm sᮝಽ
ᱽᨕ⦹ᩡᮝ໑᯦⇽Ǎ᪉ࠥ᪡ᮁపᮡ10ᇥeĊᮝಽᝅeᮝಽ
ĥ⊂ ᱡᰆ⦹ᩡ݅.
4.1 100ਏԩ٣ࢺԧܛুୢਓէր
U, W, 2U əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕ⪹ʑʑᖅ⊹ࡽᅕᨕ⪡ᨱ100
e࠺ᦩᩑᗮᮝಽᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦽⬥Eq. (2)ෝᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ
100e ⠪Ɂ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉ sᮥ ᔑᱶ⦹ᩡ݅. እಾ ⎵ᯝ⩶᮹ Ğᬑ
ʫᯕ᪡ᅕᨕ⪡݉໕ᱢ᮹մᯕaӹນḡᩕƱ⪹ʑ᪡݅݅⦹
ࠥ ᩕᖒ܆ ᝅ⨹ᨱ ᮹⧕ ᨕḡ۵ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ ᅕᨕ⪡᮹ ʙᯕಽ
ӹ٩݉᭥ʫᯕݚᩕƱ⪹ᮉಽእƱ⦹ᩡ݅. ᅕᨕ⪡ԕ᮹݅ෙ⩶┽᮹
ᩕƱ⪹ʑ ၰᅕᨕ⪡ ໕ᱢ ॒ᮡᅕᨕ⪡᮹ ᩕᱡ⧎ᨱ ᩢ⨆ᮥᵝᨕ
᯦⇽Ǎ᮹᪉ࠥ₉đŝᨱᩢ⨆ᮥᵝအಽEq. (2)ಽᇡ░ᔑᱶࡽⅾ
ᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᨱᯕၙၹᩢࡹᨩ݅Ł⧁ᙹᯩ݅. Uᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ
ᯕᬊ35.71W/m, Wᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ40.76W/m, 2Uᯱ⩶
ᯕᬊ۵39.03W/m əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ76.8W/m ᮹ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥᅕᩡ݅. Wᯱ⩶ŝ2Uᯱ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ
Uᯱ⩶ᨱእ⧕10ⴇ15% ᱶࠥᩕƱ⪹ᮉᯕᔢࡹ۵äᮥ⪶ᯙ⧁
ᙹᯩᨩ݅. ᯕ۵Wᯱ⩶ŝ2Uᯱ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵Uᯱ⩶ᨱእ⧕
մᮡᩕƱ⪹ᱲⅪ໕ᱢᮥaḡʑྙᯙäᮝಽ❱݉ࡹ໑Wᯱ⩶
ᯕ2Uᯱ⩶ᅕ݅4ⴇ5% ׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥᅕᩡᮝӹᕽಽeᨱ
ᔢݡᱢᯙᬒᖒᮥaḡḡ۵ᦫ۵äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲ
ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊӹນḡ┡᯦ॅᅕ݅ᅕᨕ⪡݉᭥ʙᯕݚᩕƱ⪹ᮉ
ᮡݡఖ2႑ᱶࠥ׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥӹ┡ԕᨩ۵ߑ⎵ᯝ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹
ⅾʙᯕaݡఖ350mᯙäᮥqᦩ⦹໕əอⓝəᬑ✙᪡᮹ᩕᱲⅪ
໕ᱢᯕմʑᨱ׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥaḡ۵äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ʑ᳕᮹
ᩑǍ đŝᨱᕽࠥ ⎵ᯝ⩶ ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵ ᯝၹ ᯙ⩶ᨱ እ⧕
ᩕƱ⪹܆ಆᯕᬑᙹ⦽äᮝಽಅᲙᯩ݅(Cui et al., 2011; Man et al., 2010). ⦹ḡอ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵ᯝၹᯙ⩶ᨱእ⧕
ᅕᨕ⪡໕ᱢᯕⓍíᗭࡹʑᨱᨱթḡ❭ᯝŝzᯕᅕᨕ⪡ʫᯕ᪡
ḢĞᯕᯝᱶ⦹íŁᱶࡽ᳑Õᨱᕽᱢᬊ⧁Ğᬑᅕ݅ᬑᙹ⦽ᖒ܆ᮥ
ӹ┡ԝäᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. Fig. 5۵100eᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᨱෙ
ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ ᅕᩍᵝŁ ᯩ݅. ᩕƱ⪹ᮉ sᯕ ᔢݡᱢᮝಽ ᯲ᮡ U, WəญŁ 2Uᯱ᪡ zᮡᯙ⩶ ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵ᝅ⨹ ᯲ ⬥
ݡఖ1000ᇥᯕḡӽ⬥ᨱᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᯕÑ᮹ᯝᱶ⧕ḡ۵ᱶᔢᔢ┽
ᨱࠥݍ⧩ᮭᮥᙹᯩᨩ݅. ⦹ḡอ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹Ğᬑ
ᝅ⨹⬥ݡఖ3000ᇥᱶࠥḡӽ⬥ᱶᔢᔢ┽ᨱࠥݍ⧉ᮥᅕᩡ۵ߑ
ᯕ۵⎵ᯝ⩶᮹ Ğᬑ ᅕᨕ⪡᮹ḢĞᯕ ⍅ ᅕᨕ⪡ᯱℕa ᅕᮁ⦽
ᩕᬊపᯕⓍʑᨱəอⓝᯙ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᅕ݅ᱶᔢᔢ┽ᨱࠥݍ⦹
۵ eᯕ ᪅௹ Ùฑ݅۵ äᮥ ᙹ ᯩ݅.
4.2 ٣ࢺԧܛऀंୢਓէր
ᝅᱽḡᩕᜅ▽a࠺⩥ᝅᱢᮝಽᩑᗮᬕᱥ᳑Õᅕ݅۵ჶᱶ
ɝಽeᯙ8eᬕᱥ16e⮕ḡෝaᱶ⦽ᇡᇥᬕᱥ᳑Õᮝಽ
5ᯝeᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥᙹ⧪⦹ᩡ݅. ᩑᗮᬕᱥ᳑Õđŝಽᇡ░Wᯱ
⩶ŝ ⎵ᯝ⩶ ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹ ᅕᨕ⪡ ݉᭥ ʙᯕݚ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᯕ
ᬑᙹ⦹íӹ┡ԍʑᨱᇡᇥᬕᱥ᳑Õ᮹ᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᨱᕽ۵Wᯱ⩶
ŝ⎵ᯝ⩶ ᩕƱ⪹ʑᨱ ݡ⧕ᝅ⦹ᩡᮝ໑ ᮁ᯦ᙹ ᪉ࠥၰ ᮁప
॒᮹ ᝅ⨹ ᳑Õᮡ ᩑᗮ ᬕᱥŝ ࠺ᯝ⦹ᩡ݅. Fig. 6ᮡ Wᯱ⩶ŝ
⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ5ᯝeᇡᇥᬕᱥᨱෙᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ
ӹ┡ԙ݅. 5ᯝe᮹ᇡᇥᬕᱥᝅ⨹đŝWᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ
⠪ɁᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮡ54.16W/m, ⎵ᯝ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ۵⠪Ɂ
103W/m᮹ᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥᅕᩡ݅. ᇡᇥᬕᱥ᳑Õᯕᩑᗮᬕᱥ
᳑Õᨱእ⧕30ⴇ40% aప׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹⬉ᮉᮥᮁၽ⦹۵äᮝಽ
ӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕ۵ᩑᗮᬕᱥ᳑Õᮡᇡᇥᬕᱥ᳑Õᨱእ⧕ḡၹᮝಽ
Fig. 6. Heat Exchange Rate for Five Days Under the Intermittent Operation
Fig. 7. Heat Exchange Rate by Regression Analysis
Fig. 8. Heat Exchange Rate for Sixth Months Under the Continuous Operation Condition
Fig. 9. Heat Exchange Rate for Sixth Months Under the Intermittent Operation Condition
ᩕᯕ ĥᗮ⇶ᱢࡹʑᨱ ᩕᱥݍ ⬉ᮉqᗭa Ⓧí ӹ┡ӽäᮝಽ
❱݉ࡽ݅.
4.3 ٣ࢺԧܛ6Թଁୋ׆নۇુ౸էր
100eᩑᗮᬕᱥᝅ⨹đŝ᪡5ᯝᇡᇥᬕᱥᝅ⨹đŝᔑ⇽ࡽ
ᩕƱ⪹ᮉ sᮥ ɝÑಽ Figs. 5 and 7᮹ ⇵ᖙᖁ ᮥ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ
⫭ȡᇥᕾᮥ☖⧕6}ᬵԪႊa࠺ᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥ⇵ᱶ⦹ᩡ݅.
ྜྷುᯝၹᱢᯙᔢᨦᬊÕྜྷᯕ⧁ḡࠥ⩥ᝅᱢᮝಽ6}ᬵ࠺ᦩ
Ԫႊa࠺ᮡᇩa܆⦹ḡอᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ᇡᇥᬕᱥၰᩑᗮᬕᱥ᮹
ᰆʑeእƱᇥᕾᮥ᭥⦹ᩍ6}ᬵ࠺ᦩ᮹Ԫႊa࠺᳑Õ⦹ᨱᩕᖒ܆
ᩩ⊂ᮥᝅ⦹ᩡ݅. ĥ⊂ࡽᝅ⨹sᮥɝÑಽᔑ⇽ࡽ⇵ᖙᖁ᮹
«Ïsᮡ༉ࢱ0.9 ᯕᔢᮝಽᅙ⫭ȡᇥᕾᮥ☖⦽3}ᬵ࠺ᦩ᮹ᩕƱ⪹
ᮉsᮥᩩ⊂⦹۵ߑⓑ᪅₉ᨧᯕᔍᬊࢁᙹᯩ۵äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅.
ᇡᇥa࠺᮹ĞᬑWᯱ⩶ŝ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᨱݡ⧕ᕽอᙹ⧪
⦹ᩡʑᨱࢱaḡ⩶┽ᨱݡ⧕ᕽอ6}ᬵᰆʑᖒ܆ᮥᩩ⊂⦹ᩡ݅.
Fig. 7ᮡ5ᯝe᮹⠪ɁᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥᯕᬊ⦽⇵ᖙᖁᮥᅕᩍᵝŁ
ᯩ݅. Fig. 8ᮡḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹6}ᬵᩑᗮᬕᱥᩩᔢࡹ۵ᩕƱ⪹
ᮉᮥӹ┡ԕŁᯩᮝ໑Fig. 9۵Wᯱ⩶ŝ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹
6}ᬵᇡᇥᬕᱥᩩ⊂ࡽᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥᅕᩍᵝŁᯩ݅. Table 2۵
ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ ⩶┽ᄥ ᝅ⨹đŝ᪡ 6}ᬵ e ᩩ⊂ࡽ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ
᧞⦹ᩍᅕᩍᵝŁᯩ݅. eᯕḡԁᙹಾḡၹᮝಽႊ⇽ࡹ۵ᩕప ᯕ⇶ᱢࡹʑᨱəอⓝᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᯕqᗭࡹ۵äᮥᙹᯩ݅.
6}ᬵᩩ⊂ᨱᕽࠥᇡᇥᬕᱥ᳑Õᯕᩑᗮᬕᱥ᳑Õᨱእ⧕30ⴇ40
%aప׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹⬉ᮉᮥᮁၽ⦹۵äᮝಽӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯝၹᙹḢ
ၡ⠱⩶᮹ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᯕ40ⴇ70W/m ᯙäᮥqᦩ⧁ভ(European Geothermal Energy Council, 2008) ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽĥ⊂ࡽᩕƱ⪹ᮉ
sᮡ⎵ᯝ⩶ᮥᱽ⦹Ł۵݅ᗭԏᮡsᮥӹ┡ԕŁᯩ݅. ᯕ۵
Table 2. Summary of TPT (Thermal Performance Test) Results
GHE
Heat exchange rate under the continuous operation (W/m)
Heat exchange rate under the intermittent operation (W/m) 100hr average 6-month average 1day 2day 3day 4day 5day 5-day
average
6-month average
U 35.74 24.10 - - - - - - -
W 40.76 27.11 58.7 55.6 53.6 52.2 50.7 54.2 40.63
2U 39.03 27.62 - - - - - - -
Coil 76.8 32.84 117.5 107.1 100.6 96.4 94 103.1 65.6
ᖅ⊹ࡽ ᅕᨕ⪡ ᙹḢʫᯕa 30ⴇ50mಽ ᧶Ł ḡᵲ ᩕᱥࠥࠥa
2.15W/m·K ɝಽ݅ᗭԏí⊂ᱶࡹᨩʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ⇵ᱶࡽ݅.
5. đು
ᅙםྙᨱᕽ۵ๅพḡḡၹᮝಽǍᖒࡽᯙǎᱽŖ⧎ᱽ2ᩍ~
░ၙձᯕÕᖅࢁᇡḡᨱU, W, 2U əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑෝ
ᖅ⊹⦹ᩍ⩥ᰆᩕ᮲ݖၰᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥᝅ⦹ᩍḡၹ᮹ᩕᱥࠥࠥ
ၰᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥᔑᱶ⦹ᩡ݅. ᅙᩑǍෝ☖⧕݅ᮭŝzᮡđುᮥ
ࠥ⇽⦹ᩡ݅.
(1) U, W əญŁ 2Uᯱ⩶ ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑ ᯕᬊᨱ ෙ ḡၹ᮹
ᩕᱥࠥࠥ۵bb2.13, 2.15, 2.17W/m·K sᮥᅕᩡ݅. ᩕƱ⪹
ʑ ⩶┽ᄥ ḡၹ᮹ ᩕᱥࠥࠥa 1ⴇ2% ჵ᭥ ԕᨱᕽ ₉ᯕෝ
ᅕᩡᮝӹ ᯕ۵ ḡၹ᮹ Ⅹʑ᪉ࠥa ᪥ᱥ⯩ ᯝ⊹⦹ḡ ᦫᦹŁ
ᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽᮹₉ᯕᨱʑᯙ⦽äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ᕽᩕƱ
⪹ʑ⩶┽᪡šĥᨧᯕྕ⦽ᖁ⩶ᩕᬱ༉ߙᮥᱢᬊ⦹ᩍᩕ᮲ݖ
ᝅ⨹ᮥ ☖⧕ ḡၹ᮹ ᩕᱥࠥࠥ ⇵ᱶᯕ a܆⦹݅.
(2) U, W, 2U əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑaᖅ⊹ࡽᅕᨕ⪡ᨱ
100e࠺ᦩᩑᗮᮝಽԪႊᬕᱥ᳑Õᮝಽᩕᖒ܆ᝅ⨹ᮥ
ᙹ⧪⦽⬥⠪ɁᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥᔑᱶ⦽đŝUᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ
ᯕᬊ35.71W/m, Wᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ40.76W/m, 2Uᯱ
⩶ᯕᬊ۵39.03W/m əญŁ⎵ᯝ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ76.8W/m ᮹ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥᅕᩡ݅. Wᯱ⩶ŝ2Uᯱ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ
Uᯱ⩶ᨱእ⧕10ⴇ15% ᱶࠥᩕƱ⪹ᮉᯕᔢࡹ۵äᮥ⪶ᯙ
⧁ᙹᯩᨩ݅. ᯕ۵Wᯱ⩶ŝ2Uᯱ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵Uᯱ⩶ᨱ
እ⧕մᮡᩕƱ⪹ᱲⅪ໕ᱢᮥaḡʑভྙᯙäᮝಽ❱݉ࡹ
໑Wᯱ⩶ᯕ2Uᯱ⩶ᅕ݅4ⴇ5% ׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥᅕᩡᮝӹ
ᕽಽeᨱᔢݡᱢᯙᬒᖒᮥaḡḡ۵ᦫ۵äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅.
⦹ḡอᯝၹᱢᯙUᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ۵30ⴇ40mm ḢĞ᮹HDPE (high densitypPolyethylene) ❭ᯕ⥥aᔍᬊࡹ໑150mm᮹
ᅕᨕ⪡ḢĞᨱ30mm ᯕᔢ᮹Wᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑෝᖅ⊹⦹ʑᨱ۵
Ŗᔢᨕಅᬡᯕⓕäᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ᕽ20ⴇ25mm ḢĞ ᮹Wᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ᪡30ⴇ40mm ḢĞ᮹Uᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑ
ᱢᬊᔢݡᱢᯙᩕᖒ܆ᮥእƱᇥᕾ⦹۵ᩑǍa⦥⧁äᮝ ಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ੱ⦽⎵ᯝ⩶ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊӹນḡ┡᯦ॅ
ᅕ݅ ݡఖ 2႑ ᱶࠥ ׳ᮡ ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮥ ӹ┡ԕᨩ۵ߑ ⎵ᯝ⩶
ᩕƱ⪹ʑ᮹ⅾʙᯕaݡఖ350m ᯙäᮥqᦩ⦹໕əอⓝ
əᬑ✙᪡᮹ᩕᱲⅪ໕ᱢᯕմʑᨱ׳ᮡᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥaḡ ۵ äᮝಽ ❱݉ࡽ݅.
(3) Wᯱ⩶ŝ ⎵ᯝ⩶ ḡᵲ ᩕƱ⪹ʑෝ ᯕᬊ⦹ᩍ 5ᯝe᮹ ᇡᇥ
ᬕᱥᝅ⨹đŝWᯱ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ⠪ɁᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮡ
54.16W/m, ⎵ᯝ⩶ᩕƱ⪹ʑᯕᬊ۵⠪Ɂ103W/m᮹ᩕƱ
⪹ᮉ sᮥ ᅕᩡ݅. ᷪ ᇡᇥ ᬕᱥ ᳑Õᯕ ᩑᗮ ᬕᱥ ᳑Õᨱ
እ⧕ 30ⴇ40% aప ׳ᮡ ᩕƱ⪹ ⬉ᮉᮥ ᮁၽ⦹۵ äᮝಽ
ӹ┡ԍ݅. ᯕ۵ᩑᗮᬕᱥ᳑Õᮡᇡᇥᬕᱥ᳑Õᨱእ⧕ḡၹᮝ ಽ ᩕᯕ ĥᗮ ⇶ᱢࡹʑᨱ ᩕᱥݍ ⬉ᮉ qᗭa Ⓧí ӹ┡ӽ
äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅. ੱ⦽ĥ⊂ࡽsᮥɝÑಽ⇵ᖙᖁᮥᔑ⇽⦹ᩍ
6}ᬵᩕƱ⪹ᮉsᮥ⇵ᱶ⦽đŝUᯱ⩶ᩑᗮᬕᱥ24.10W/m, Wᯱ⩶᮹Ğᬑᩑᗮᬕᱥ: 29.19W/m, ᇡᇥᬕᱥ: 40.63W/m ᮹ sᮥ ӹ┡ԩ݅. ੱ⦽ ⎵ᯝ⩶᮹ Ğᬑ 6}ᬵ ᩑᗮ ᬕᱥ
32.84W/m, ᇡᇥᬕᱥ۵65.58W/m sᮥӹ┡ԩ݅. eᯕ
ḡԁᙹಾḡၹᮝಽ᮹ႊ⇽ࡹ۵ᩕపᯕ⇶ᱢࡹʑᨱəอⓝᩕƱ
⪹ᮉsᯕqᗭࡹ۵äᮥᙹᯩ݅. 6}ᬵᩩ⊂ᨱᕽࠥᇡᇥ
ᬕᱥ ᳑Õᯕ ᩑᗮ ᬕᱥ ᳑Õᨱ እ⧕ 30ⴇ100% aప ׳ᮡ
ᩕƱ⪹ ⬉ᮉᮥ ᮁၽ⦹۵ äᮝಽ ӹ┡ԍ݅.
(4) ᯕ᪡zᯕḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᄥᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮡⓑ₉ᯕෝᅕᯕ۵
äᮥᙹᯩ݅. ੱ⦽ᬕᱥ᳑Õᨱݡ⧕ᕽࠥḡၹᮝಽ⇶ᱢࡹ۵
ᩕపᮝಽᯙ⧕ᩕƱ⪹ᮉᮡ30ⴇ100% ᱶࠥ₉ᯕaӹ۵äᮥ
ᙹᯩ݅. ᝅᱽḡᩕᜅ▽a࠺ᩑᗮᬕᱥᅕ݅۵ᵝʑᱢᮝ ಽᬕᱥᮥ⦹۵äᯕⓑ⬉ŝෝᅝᙹᯩᮥäᮝಽ❱݉ࡹ໑
ᅙᩑǍᨱᕽ۵ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᄥᩕ⬉ᮉอᇥᕾ⦹ᩡʑᨱ
⨆⬥ᨱ۵ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑ⩶┽ᄥŖእෝᔑᱶ⦹ᩍĞᱽᖒᮥ
Łಅ⦽ḡᵲᩕƱ⪹ʑᖒ܆ᇥᕾᯕ⦥⧁äᮝಽ❱݉ࡽ݅.
qᔍ᮹ɡ
ᅙᩑǍ۵ǎ☁Ʊ☖ᇡǎ☁Ʊ☖ŝ⦺ʑᚁḥ⯆ᬱÕᖅʑᚁ⩢ᝁᔑ ᨦ(11ʑᚁ⩢ᝁE04)ŝၙ௹᳑ŝ⦺ᇡ⦽ǎᩑǍᰍ݉᮹ʑⅩŝ⦺
ᩑǍᔍᨦ(2012-0005074)᮹ḡᬱᔍᨦᮝಽᙹ⧪ࡹᨩᮝ໑, ᯕᨱʫ
ᮡ qᔍෝ ऽพܩ݅.
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