IEG 환경지질연구정보센터

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(1)]æ~>Æ·~ã²æ. òY. Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004. ~>Òæ~ Æ·BïÒ Ï F8ê ³£~ WO ËKö \. ªfêÁÒ. BÞã&v ~ã¦ A Study on the Adsorption of Organophosphorus Pesticides Applying Sewage Sludge to Soil Amendment. Á. Eun Jin Lim Jai-Young Lee Dept. of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul. ABSTRACT This study has been assessed the influence of applying sewage sludge to soil amendments on the sorption properties, and leaching potential of three commonly used organophosphorus pesticides, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, and Chlorpyrifos. A sandy soil with a low content of organic carbon was treated with sewage sludge with a ratio sandy soil : sludge ratio of 30:1. The sorption was determined with the batch equilibrium technique. The sorption isotherms could be described by Freundlich equation. The Freundlich constant, K value which measures sorption capacity, were 3.97, 9.94, 22.48 for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos in non-amended soil. But in amended soil, K value was 12.58, 28.47, and 61.21 for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, and Chlorpyrifos. The overall effect of sewage sludge addition to soil was to increase pesticides adsorption, due to the high sorption capacity of the organic matter. The effect of sludge on the leaching of pesticides in the soil was studied using packed soil columns. Total recoveries of pesticides in soil and leachate with leaching in soil column, were in the range of about 73~84%, was reduced with the passage of time. Diazinon moved more rapidly than Chlorpyrifos in the unamended soil due to greater sorption and lower water solubility of Chlorpyrifos. Total amounts of pesticides leached from the sewage sludge amended soils were significantly reduced when compared with unamended soils. This reduction may be mainly due to and increase in sorption in amended soils, as a consequence of the increase in the organic matter content. Key words : Pesticides, Sorption, Leaching, Soil amendments, Sewage sludge. º £ ^. º ~>Òæ¢ Æ·BïÒ 'Ïö 8 ^ &æ F8ê ³£ Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos~ W OßWö &~ ªC~& . F8ê ³£ WOþ Ö", ³£ WO Nf Freundlich ¾ ~ . Freundlich ç> 7 ~¾ Nf Î ³£öB 1ö &HÚ >~¢ &b¾, F8> ï Ã&> Freundlich ç>8 N 8f 6²~& . $ FreundlichöB WOËj ¾æÚº K8f ³£~ >ö & Ïê& 6²> Ã&~& b, Æ·ö Òæ¢ Î& òöBº(Soil-Sludge) Æ·Ú F8> ï~ Ã& ³£ WOïf Òæ& Î&> æ pf ò(A-Soil)ö j 2~48 ;ê Ã&~& . Æ·[j ÎÒ Æ·

(2) "öB ³£~ ÏÂ ßWf >ö & Ïê& ³£¢> ÏÂ jNf Ã&~& . $ Æ·ö Òæ& Î&Nö 8¢ Æ·Ú F8> ï Ã&~ Æ·öB ³£ WOï Ã&>Ú ³£ Æ·~[b R& ÛB, ³£~ Ïî ;ê& 6²~& . *Ú : F8ê ³£, WO, Ïî, Æ·BïÒ, ~>Òæ *Corresponding author : [email protected] : 2004. 2. 2 : 2004. 3. 15 : 2004. 6. 30. ö%>¢ î~ # Æ~. ²Òß¢ Hæ. 95.

(3) ªfêÁÒ. 96. 1.. * . j ~>Òæ Bïf 5,216Ê/¢ 2003j 7ú ¦V ~>Òæ ã .æNb ~>Òæ '; ¾Ò On ;> ® . ~> Òæ~ ÒÏ O» bº ² ZVbj Ï~º VF" FVbj Ï~ º VF ª > ® . ZVbj Ï~º VFº ~Þz, ãò, Ï[Ò¾ ®b, FVbj Ï ~º VFº ª, z, Æ·BïÒ Ï~º VF ® . 7 F#¾ öBº ~>Òæ¢ FVW Æ·BïÒ~ Ï Ã&~ ®º º^ . *Ò ÖÒ¾¢öB B>º Òæ~ ãÖ &¦ª ~Þò Ï> ®b, FVW Æ·BïÒ ~>Òæ Ïf ÒæÚ FVbî Æ· Ëç, Æ· 6 ², ·b Öïj Ã&¢º 6 ®röê ®~, ~>Òæö B 7.³ b Æ· J"j Ö J~, FVW Æ·BïÒ ~>Òæ~ Ïf j ; . Òæ¢ Ï Æ·Bïf Æ·Ú Ã&, Æ· & ê(Bulk Density) 6², >ª FK Ã& ~ Æ· ¢ æzÎ . $ Òæ¢ Û ÆæBïf Æ·Ú öB ³£~ ªVö &~ ³£~ O ßWöê 'Ë j ~² B . ¢>'b ³£ Æ·ö F«>, bö ~ ª, >B, 7ª, Æ·Ú O b ² >Vê ~¾, ;Ö& F«F ãÖ FÂ" Ï îö ~ ¦Æ·" æ~> ÿ~ Æ·ê öò j . ³£~ î¢ >ê~ J"j ¢bÒ > ®. Of ³£~ bö & Ïê, W, ª¶ï 5 Æ·~ ·N ~~Ïïö 'Ëj Ab¾, " Æ· 7 FVb ïö ~ . º FVb ï ¸f Æ·¢> Æ ·Ú FVb ³£~ >Ò j ~V r^ö ³£~ ÿj æÊV r^ . ¾ ÖÒ¾¢ Æ·f F Vb ï 'f ÒîÆ· ôj ³£j OÊº Ë K 'fê ®~, " *Ë 5 ãæ~ Ã& *Ë º: ^¢ * ³£ Úïf Ã&~ ® Ú ³£b æ~> 5 ~Â>~ J" ÖJ> ® . ^B¢ &6ÊV * ~> Òæ¢ F Vb Æ·BïÒ 'ÏÚb, Æ· Bïf b æ 7öB ³£~ Oj Ãê* ³£b æ~> 5 ~Â>~ J"j OæÊº êæ >Ò¢ ÒòB . V¢B öBº J~> ¾ÒËöB j ~> Òæ¢ 7b ~>Òæ~ bÒ'Áz' ßW 2 k 5 7.³ ÏÂþj Û~ FVW Æ·BïÒ ~> 2002. 13). 3,5,17). 2,6,11,22,27). Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004. Òæ~ 'Ï &ËWj V~, Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos 3&æ FVê ³£b ~>Òæ~ Æ· BïÒ 'Ïö V ³£~~ OËj ï&~¶ . 2.. Òò 5 O». þÒò ~>Òæº J~>¾ÒË~ ~>Òæ(>j: 9%)¢ Ï~&b, Æ·ò(~, A-Soil)º Æ 30 cm öB j~ ³~& . Òæ 5 A-Soilf 2 mm (No. 10 sieve)Ú¢ Û"B ò¢ Ï~ þj >¯~ & . A-Soil 5 Òæ~ z' ßWj 2k~V * pH (H O)º 1:5», ·N ~~Ïï(CEC)f 1M CH COONH »ö V¢ G;~&b, A-soil 5 Òæ~ bÒz' Wîf Table 1, 2f ? . FVbï(Organic Matter, O.M) f Walkey-Black»j Ï~ FVê²(Organic Carbon, O.C.)ïj ê, Eq. 1j Ï~ FVb ïj Ö ;~& . O.M. (%) = 0.35 + 1.8Ü%O.C. (1) ~>Òæ~ 7.³ ïf öVb ;þ»ö &~ G;~&b, Òæ bö V Æ·~ R>ê> æ z¢ G;~V * ASTM D-5887»j Ï~& .. þö ÒÏB FVê ³£f Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chloropyrifos . 2.1.. 2. 3. 4. Diazinon(O,O-diethyl-O-2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-. f ÚëW II~ ÚÏBB bö & Ïêº 40 mg/l(20 C), Fenitrothion(O,O-dimethylO-4-nitro-m-tolyl-phosphorothioate)f Ïê(20 C)º 21 mg/l ÚëW IV ëW Ôf ³£ . $ Chlorpyrifos yl-phosphorothioate). o. o. (O,O-diethyl-O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)-phosphorothioate). º bö & Ïê(20 C)º 2 mg/l, ÚëW Ib ; ëWj º bî . ³£~ £Bº Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH~ Fenitrothion(Purity 98.5%)f Sigma Aldrich~ Diazinon(Purity 99%), Chlorpyrfos (Purity 99.2%) j Acetoneö 1,000 µg/ml Standard Solutions¢ o. Table 1. Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soils Type. Texture. pH. A-Soil SW-SC − Sand. 5.26 5.7. Organic Matter (%) 1.65 0.42. Organic Carbon (%) 0.72 0.04. CEC (meq/100g) 10.5 1.9.

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(5) æ~ Æ·BïÒ Ï F8ê ³£~ WO ËKö R \. 97. Table 2. Chemical Properties of the Sludge (mg/kg) Chemical Properties. pH. As. Cd. Cr. Cu. Pb. Hg. J Sludge. 6.5. N.D.. N.D.. 0.023. 0.035. N.D.. N.D.. Organic Matter (%) 43.2%. Organic Carbon (%) 23.81%. C/N Ratio. CEC (meq/100g). 8.0. 51.5. Table 3. Properties of Pesticides. Diazinon Fenitrothion Chlorpyrifos. Chemical Composition C12H21N2O3PS C9H12NO5PS C9H11Cl3NO3PS. Water Solubility (20oC) 40 mg/l 21 mg/l 2 mg/l. Ü Ü Ü. 304.35 277.24 350.59. B~&b, >î~ z' ßWf ? . 2.2.. Vapor Pressure (mmHg) 1.4 10−4 (20oC) 6 10−6 (20oC) 1.87 10−5 (25oC). M.W.. Half Life (Day) 32 10 20. ". Table 3. þO». 2.2.1 Batch Test. WO þf Æ·(A-Soil) 5 Æ·:Òæ=30:1(~ Soil-Sludge) b> 3 g" 30 ml~ ³£ Ïj 40 ml Polypropylene öªÒ&ö I 20Û1 CöB 180 rpm b 24* N êû~& . "«B ³£~ ³êº 0.1~15 mg/l N;ê¢ ¢;~² ~V* Standard Solutionsj 0.01 M CaCl \C~& . ÒÏ ³£ 7 >ö & Ïê& ·f Chlorpyrifosº >ö & Ï ê¢ ¸V * Ïê(2 mg/L) º*& ½Ú¾º ³ê öBº 1%~ Methanol F>ê ~& . >w Â êöº 5,000 rpmöB 20ª* öªÒ~ çj ~ ªCò ÒÏ~& . V þ j ~ r ÒÏ ³£~ ·" ç 7~ ³£~ ·~N¢ WOB ·b êÖ~& . Òæ FV> ïö & ³£~ WO Î"¢ V * R&Ò(~ Sand)f R&Ò-Òæ(~ SandSludge)& 30:1 B b>j *~ O»" ÿ¢~² W Oþj ~& . r Soil-Sludge, Sand-Sludge~ FV> ï(O.M.)f '' 3.03%, 1.85%& . o. 2. 2.2.2 Column Test(Reaching Test). º Fig. 1" ? Úã 2.5 cm, ^ 35 cm jÚ

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(7) B Columnf Column ç¦º 10 cmº Batch Test~ jf ? Sludge:A-Soil~ j& 1:30 >ê .~&b, ~¦ 20 cmº A-Soil Ïê~& . ' Column Test. Fig. 1. The schematic diagram of the column tester. Table 4. Experimental Conditions of the Leaching Experiment Soil Column Length, L (cm) Cross-sectional area (cm2) Pore volume (cm3) Porocity, n Bulk density ρb (g/cm3) Microsopic Velocity, v (cm/hr) Macrosopic Velocity, vs (cm/hr). Conditions 30.0 4.9 80.0 0.54 1.1 4.1 7.5. Æ·

(8) "f 0.01 M CaCl

(9) zÎ r, '' ³£ 2.5 mg F bÏj Æ·~ ç¦Rö &~ 0.01 M CaCl Ïb 1, 3, 5, 7 5 10 Pore Volume (PV) Peristaltic Pump¢ Ï~ ÏÂ8 . FÂ³ê 2. 2. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004.

(10) ªfêÁÒ'. 98. º 25 ml/hr Fæ~&b, ÏÂ ê, ÏÂ ",

(11) " 5 p ê Æ·ò¢ j~ Æ· 7 º~³£ ³ ê¢ G;~& . Column~ ^¦Òf Table 4f ? .. cm. ³£~ ªC 5 ²>N öB Ï 7 ³£~ ºÂf ò 25 mlö Dechloromethane 50ml,

(12) z NaCl Ï 25 ml &~ 2ª* êû ê ;~Î ê Dechloromethane[j j~ ²* ÃB ³»V Ï & 5 ml ;ê Îj r ræ ³»~& . Column Test~ Æ·òº U.S EPA Method 3545~ PFE(Pressurized Fluid Extraction)ö V¢ Úç ò¢ ºÂ~& . ºÂö ÒÏ Ëjº DIONEXÒ ASE200j Ï~&b ºÂ · f Table 5f ? . ê ³»j WzB Florisil Columnj Û"* ;B~&b, ;B ";f *Ë ³£ º~ï þO» (ã~ãö, 2001)j Ï~& . ³£ º~ïf GC/ MS(Agilent 6890 GC-5973N MSD) ªC~& . GC

(13) "f Capillary HP-5MS(Length : 30 m, Thickness : 0.25 µm, Diameter : 0.25 mm, Agilent Technologies)j ÒÏ ~&b, "« Nêº 230 C, J6Nêº ßNªCj ~V *, 180 CöB 2ª* Fæ ê 180 CöB 220 C 10 C/minb ßN ê 2ªFæ ~& . Carrier Gasº He (99.999%)b Column Flow Rateº 1.0 ml/min ~& . ³£~ ²>Nþf Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos ¢ Æ· ò 5 > òöB öB Ï Methods¢ Ï~ ~& . Æ·ö & ³£~ ²>Nþf þöB ÒÏ Æ·ò ' 10 gö çV ³£~ ³ê& 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg >ê ³£j "«~ ò¢ B~&b, > òº 0.01 M CaCl ö çV ³£ 1 mg/lf 10 mg/l& >ê "« ê þj >¯~ ²>Nj ~& . ³£~ ²>Nf Æ· òöBº 89%~92% º*&, 2.2.3. Batch Test. o. o. o. o. o. 2. Table 5. ASE 200 Conditions Items Oven temp. Pressure Oven heat-up time Static time Flush volume Nitrogen purge Solvent. Conditions 100oC 14 MPa 5 min 5 min 60% of Extraction cell volume 1MPa for 60s Dichloromethane:Acetone=1:1. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004. > òöBº 91%~95% º* ³£~ «~ö V¢ Nº æ p~b, jv' ·^ ²>Nj & . 3.. Ö # 8. ~>Ò

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(15) B 7 .³ïf Table 2f ?b öV>Ò»öB ; FV W Jî j ÆæBïÒ 5 ãJ ÆÏê~ Ò Ï O»ö ¦?Æ V&~ & / 5 ¾/ jL~&j H, V&~ 'f >~& . º J~> Ò æË~ ãÖ ~>ò ~>¾ÒËb F«>Ú ~ >ÒæÚö 7.³ ï Ö '² Ò~º ©b . 8¢B J~> ¾ÒË Òæ~ ãÖ Òæ Ú~ 7.³b Æ·J"f 'j ©b ÒòB . Òæ~ pHº 6.5 7Wö &rb, FV> ï f 43.2% öV> Ò» V&~~ 25%ç 1.5 V ç ² G;>îb 7ö FÛ>º FVW jò ~ FV> ï(30~50%) jL®j H, FÒ >~¢ ® . Æ· 5 Òæ b jNj Ò Òæ b Æ· öB~ 4>ê>~ G; Öº Table 6 ? . Òæ b jNf Òæ 5 Æ·~ j& '' 1: 30, 5 1: 20 >ê .~& . A-Soil~ 4>ê>º 4.9Ü10 cm/s ¾æÒb¾ Sludge Î&ï £ 3.3%(Soil:Sludge = 1:30)¢ Hº 6.2Ü10 cm/s&b, 5%(Soil:Sludge = 1:20)Î&~&j Hº 8.8Ü10 cm/s Òæ Î&ï Ã &ö 8¢ 4>ê>& Ã&~& . Òæ Î&ö 8 4 >ê> Ã&º Òæ~ «êªC ¾*, Fig. 2 J« > ® . Òæ~ «êª

(16) ªC Ö Òæº Sandy Soil ª~>îb 8¢B «¶ V& B 4 >ê>& Ã& ©b . $ Òæö

(17) B F V>f Æ· «¶¢ b~ Æ·«¶ Ò¢ ^"º j ~æ Æ·~ «z¢ /ê > ®Ú * ã F> Òæ& "«B Æ·~ 4>Wf Ëç>Ò ¢ ÒòB . 3.1.. −5. −5. −5. Ö \öB ³£ WOËf ³£ WO\öB %º*~ ² ÒÏ>º Freundlich WO N(Eq. 2)j 'Ï~& . 3.2. Batch Test. log q = log K + N logC. (2).

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(19) æ~ Æ·BïÒ Ï F8ê ³£~ WO ËKö R \. 99. Table 6. Hydraulic Conductivity of A-Soil and Soil-Sludge Samples A-Soil Soil:Sludge=1:30 Soil:Sludge=1:20. Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/sec) 4.9 10−5 6.2 10−5 8.8 10−5. Ü Ü Ü. Fig. 2. The grain size distribution curves of the sludge.. VB qº * Æ· Z² WOB ³£~ ·(mg/kg), C º WOï; ê~ ³£~ ³ê(mg/l), Kf Nf Freundlich ç> . Kº ' Æ·ö & ³£~ WO Ïïj ¾æÚº æ R K8 > ³£~ WOïê Ã&j r > ®. . Nf Ï 7 ï;³êf WOï Ò~ çFW ;ê ¢ ¾æÞ . ' Æ·öB ³£~ Freundlich WON j Fig. 3ö ê~&, WO Nb¦V \ WO ç>º Table 7? . ³£ «~ê K8j jL , Pesticides 1.0~15 mg/l ³ê º*öBº Diazinon~ ãÖ Æ· ê 0.40~ 12.58, Fenitrothion 0.53~28.47, Chlorpyrifos 0.69~61.21. b Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos Bb WOK Ã&~& . Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos~ >ö & Ï ê(20 C)º 40 mg/l, 21 mg/l, 2 mg/l, >ö & Ï ê& 'j>, K8f Ã& ~& . º Æ·öB Kim " Feagley ~ ³£ WOKf >ö & Ïê& 'f ³£¢> K 8f Ã& º f ¢~~& . ÆW ê K8j jv FV> ï Ã&> ³£~ o. 18). Fig. 3. Adsorption Isotherms for Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos.. 8 Ã&~&º, ß® FV> ï 0.4% Sandö B~ Diazinon 0.4, Fenitrothion 0.53, Chlorpyrifos 0.69 ® ·f 8j &b¾, Sandö Sludge¢ "« Sand-SludgeÆ·öBº FV> ï £ 1.8% Ã &ö V¢ ³£~ K8f Diazinon 7.85, Fenitrothion 16.37, Chlorpyrifos 35.17b ² Ã&j " > ®î K. Table 7. Freundlich Equation Parameters of the Pesticides Pesticide Contents. A-Soil. 1/n K R2. 1.16 3.97 0.98. Diazinon SoilSand Sludge 1.04 1.30 12.58 0.4 0.99 0.98. SandSludge 1.06 7.85 0.95. A-Soil 1.03 9.94 0.99. Fenitrothion SoilSand Sludge 0.90 1.24 28.47 0.53 0.98 0.97. SandSludge 0.99 16.37 0.99. A-Soil 0.98 22.48 0.94. Chlorpyrifos SoilSand Sludge 0.80 1.10 61.21 0.97 0.98 0.86. SandSludge 0.97 35.17 0.98. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004.

(20) ªfêÁÒ. 100. . $ A-SoilöB~ FV> ïf 1.6% ÖÒ¾¢ ¢>' Æ·~ FV> ï 1.5%~2.0% >&b A-Soilö Sludge¢ 30:1 "«b 3%;ê FV> ï Ã&~&b, ³£~ K8 $ Diazinon~ ãÖ 3.97öB 12.58, Fenitrothionf 9.94öB 28.47b, Chlorpyrifos º 22.48öB 61.21b Ã&j { > ®î . º Æ· 7 FV> ï Ã&> Oï Ã&. º Graber ~ f ¢~~& . Freundlich ç> N 8f Æ· 7ö OB ³£~ ·" >7 ï; ³£ ³ ê Ò~ F; ¾æÞ ©b Wauchope ö ~ ~ FV> ï Æ·¢> 1 ·, FV> ï ·f Æ·¢> 1 >~¢ . þöBº FV> ï ç&'b ¸f SoilSludgeöB~ ³£~ Nf 0.80~1.04~ 8j, FV> ï 'f SandöBº 1.10~1.30~ 8j &b ³£~ >ö & Ïê& 6²> N 8f 6²~& . 12). 27). Ö Æ·

(21) " pê FÂöB~ Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos~ ³ê ª

(22) º Fig. 4, 5, 6" ? . b& A-Soil ColumnöB Æ· º~~º ³£~ ·" Âb FÂB ·j Soil ColumnöB *Ú ² >Nj ÚÚ Diazinon~ ãÖ 1PV, 3PV, 5PV, 7PV, 10PVöB '' £ 84%, 82%, 79%,78%, 74%b Ïî ê¯Nö V¢ ²>Nf ² 6²~& . º ³£ «~ 5 Æ· Sample V¢B Nº æ p~ . 10PV¢ r, "«B ³£~ ·ö & Æ·

(23) " ç¦ 10cm pö º~~º ³£·f Diazinon~ ãÖ A-Soil 5 Soil-SludgeöB '' 20.6%, 34%, Fenitrothionf 33.3%, 49.8%, Chlorpyrifosº 47.9%, 64.3%& . ³ £ «~ê Ïî ;ê¢ ÚÚ Diazinon, Fenitrothion, ChlorpyrifosBb Ïî ;ê& 6²~&º, Freundlich Isotherm öB K8 > Ïî ;ê& ·~ . ³£ê Ïî ;êº ³£~ >Òz' ßW¾ ª¶ïö ~ B Ö;>º >BW, ÏW " &ê& ® . þj >¯~º ";öBº ³£~ >Bj Oæ~V * &/ ~ þj >¯~&bæ, öB ³£ «~ê Ï î ;ê~ Nº ³£~ bö & ÏW NöB B ~º ©¢ ÒòB . V¢B bö & Ïê& jv' Diazinon(Water Solubility, 40 mg/l) Fenitrothion (Water Solubility, 20 mg/l) 5 Chlorpyrifos(Water Solubility, 2 mg/l)ö j Ïî ;ê& ©b ÒòB . Æ· Sampleê ÚÚ Òæ&

(24) B Column 3.3. Column Test. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004. Fig. 4. Conc. of Diazinon through the A-Soil and Soil-Sludge.. Fig. 5. Conc. of Fenitrothion through the A-Soil and Soil-Sludge.. Òæ&

(25) >æ pº Column(A-Soil) Ïî ;ê& '² ¾æÒ . º Æ· ¯ F Vb ï ôf öB ³£ Æ·ö O>º ·. (Soil-Sludge).

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(27) æ~ Æ·BïÒ Ï F8ê ³£~ WO ËKö R \. 101. Table 8. Retardation Factor, R, for the Percolation of Pesticides Pesticides Diazinon Fenitrothion Chlorpyrifos. Samples A-Soil Soil-Sludge A-Soil Soil-Sludge A-Soil Soil-Sludge. Distribution Doefficient, K 3.97 12.58 9.94 28.48 22.48 61.21. Retardation Factors, R 9.0 26.2 20.9 58.1 46.1 123.8. Rò¢ æ>Ú ÿ º aj ¾æÞ . ³£ê A-Soil 5 Soil-Sludge~ æê>º Diazinon öB 9.0, 26.2, Fenitrothion 20.9, 58.1, Ò Chlorpyrifos 46.1, 123.8 Òæ&

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(29) >æ pº òö j 2~2.5V ;ê Ã&j " > ®î . 7). 4. Fig. 6. Conc. of Chlorpyrifos through the A-Soil and Soil-Sludge. ôbæ Æ·~[b R& ÛB>Ú Sludge&

(30) B öB ³£~ Ïî ;ê& 6²B ©b . . Ö"ºArienzo(1994), Sanchez(1997) ö Bê " > ®º, Diazinonj FVê ³£~ Æ ·öB~ Of Æ·Ú FVb ïö " ~ ~&b, ß® Chlorpyrifos, Fenitrothion, Diazinon" ?f Hydrophobic bîf " Hydrophobic Bond¢ Û~ Æ· 5 Òæ~ Humic acid 5 Fulvic acid~ OH, COOHf ?f "º ·ÏVö O Ú^ Ïî ;ê& 6² J«~ ® . ~ Soil Column öB~ ³£ 5 Æ· « ~ê æê>(Retardation Factor)º Eq. 3 Ï~ ~&b, Table 8öB Retardation Factor¢ ¾æÚî . Soil-Sludge. 8,16). ρb R=1 + -----K n. (3). VB, K : Freundlich Isotherm Parameter b : BÚ~ ¯V &ê(ML ) n : BÚ~ ρ -----K f Æ·[~ OËj ÏÊº jº Ïî ~ nÚ'j ~ . Vö 1j z~ : æê>& B . æê>~ ~º Æ·[ ÚöB ÿ~º J "bî~ ³ê& j>w Ïî¾ æ~>~ F³ −3. b. Ö V. öBº ~>Òæ~ ¶özNj ¸V * Onb J~> ¾ÒËöB j ~>Òæ¢ 7 b ~>Òæ~ bÒ'Áz' ßW 2k 5 7. ³ ÏÂþj Û~ FVW Æ·BïÒ ~>Òæ~ 'Ï &ËWj V ~& . $ ~>Òæ¢ Æ·Bï Ò 'Ïf Æ·öB ³£~ ªVö 'Ëj > ® bæ *Ò ãæ 5 *ËöB ÒÏ>º Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Chlorpyrifos 3&æ FVê ³£b ~> Òæ~ Æ·BïÒ 'Ïö V ³£~~ OË j ï&~& . Ö"º r" ? . 1) J~>¾ÒË Òæ~ ãÖ &¦ª ê~>& F« Nb ~>ÒæÚ 7.³ ïf V&~ ~ ¾ æ¾, ~>Òæ Æ· 7.³ J"f 'j ©b ÒòB . $ Òæ~ FVb ïf £ 43% 7ö FÛ>º FVW jò 30~50%f jv~&j r F Ò >&¢ ® . $ ~>Òæ¢ Æ·BïÒ 'Ï Æ· ~ R>Wj Ëç*, Æ·[~ V > Î"¢ ÃêÒ > ®bÒ¢ ÒòB . 2) ³£~ Oþö ÏB Æ·~ FVb ïf 1.65% ;ê FVb ï 'f ÒîÆ&b, ~>Ò æ¢ Æ·ö 1:30 jN Î&~&j r, 3% ;ê~ FVb ïj & . FVê ³£ Oþ Ö" ³ £ O Nf Freundlich ¾ ~ . Freundlich ç> 7 ~¾ Nf Î ³£öB 1ö &rÚ >~¢ Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004.

(31) ªfêÁÒ. 102. &b¾, FV> ï ç&'b ¸f Soil-Sludgeö B~ ³£~ Nf 0.80~1.04~ 8j, FV> ï 'f SandöBº 1.10~1.30~ 8j &b ³£~ >ö & Ïê& 6²> N 8f 6²~& . $ Freundlich öB WOËj ¾æÚº K8f ³£~ >ö & Ï ê& 6²> Ã&~&b, Æ·ö Òæ¢ Î& òöBº(Soil-Sludge) Æ· Ú FV> ï~ Ã& ³£ WOïf Òæ& Î&>æ pf ò(A-Soil)ö j 2~4V ;ê Ã&~& . 3) Æ·[j ÎÒ Æ· "öB ³£~ ÏÂ ßWf >ö & Ïê& ³£¢> ÏÂ jNf Ã&~&. . º >ö & Ïê& ³£¢> Æ·ÚöB ÿW Ã&>Ú ³£ ¦~ãb FÂF &ËW. î > ®Ú æ~> 5 æ>¢ J"Ò > ®bæ Ïê& ³£ ÒÏ Höº "~& jº~Ò¢ . $ Æ·ö Òæ& Î&Nö 8¢ Æ·Ú FVb ï çßb Æ·öB ³£ WOï Ã&>Ú ³£ Æ· ~[b R& ÛB, ³£~ Ïî ;ê& 6²~& . 8¢B " ³ãæ, *Ë 5 ãæ~ ³£ ÒÏ Ã& æ~> 5 ~Â>~ ³£ J" ^B¢ ~>Ò æ¢ Æ·BïÒ Ïb Æ·Ú FVb ïj Ã&Úb Æ·~ ³£ WOï Ã& æ~> 5 æ >~ ³£ J" &ËWf 6²~Ò¢ ÒòB . öB ÒÏ ~> Òæº ²z Òæ¢ î> ê ~ ÒÏ ÒæB ~> Òæ¢ ¦?z ";¾ jz ";j ö ÒÏ ãÖ ¦ z ®î ±f FVW Æ·BïÒ ÒÏ &Ë~Ò¢ ÒòB . 8¢B ³â¦ jò&Ò»ö ~~ ³ãæöB ~>Ò æ~ FVî jò~ ÒÏf ®&Ë~æò, 7Öæ" ? FVb ï 'f ¿; Æ·¾, Ò .B¦, ãæ 5 *ËöB ~>Òæ¢ ÒÏ b b Ú~ ·ª /f b, Æ·Ú Ã&, Æ· &ê (Bulk Density) 6², >ª FK Ã&f ? :²ç Æ· ¢ ;W~º êæj * > ®bÒ¢ ÒòB .. Ò Ò º 2003jê BÞã&v FWjö ~~ >îb, ~ æöö 6Òãî .. ^^ò 1.. ]ã~ã\ö, îRÚ Æ·J">î 8&J; 5 þO. Journal of KoSSGE Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 95~103, 2004. »ö \UNIER No. 2001-31-623 (2001). B, BÏz, B;, ;?, “³£~ Æ· RFÂö & -

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(33) æ¢ Ï~ Ö Æ·~ ßW”, ~ã³²æ, pp. 200-204 (1998). 6. ;'^, fËÛ, f;, ', ª~~, îË*, ³£ , î*

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