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Chapter 14. Active Devices

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전체 글

(1)

Active Devices

초고주파공학

조용희

(2)

전자파연구실

2

 LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), PA (Power Amplifier), Mixer, VCO, switch

 Filter, duplexer

(3)

Transmitter and receiver

(4)

전자파연구실

4

 Noise figure: 2 dB

 Amplifier gain: 15 dB

 Return loss: 15 dB

 Reverse isolation: 20 dB

 Impedance matching: power and noise

(5)

HP

ADS (Advanced Design System)

 AC and DC path

(6)

전자파연구실

6

 Common-mode noise

 180° hybrid

(7)

 Insertion of inductor element

 Power and noise matching

(8)

전자파연구실

8

 Input impedance

 Power matching

(9)

Thermal noise Shot noise

 

 Thermal noise: white noise, Nyquist formula

 Shot noise: vacuum tube, semiconductor

 Flicker noise: 1/f noise, semiconductor

GkTB i

RkTB v

R R

kTB v P

n n

n n

4 4

) (

2

2 2

2

 

q V kT

V r I

qB I

i

T

T n

DC diode

DC

2

2

(10)

전자파연구실

10

 SNR: signal to noise ratio

 Noiseless system: NF = 1

 Noisy system: NF > 1

in out out

in out

in

N N S

S SNR

NFSNR

(11)

1 2 1

total

1 G NF F

NF   

 Amplifier and mixer in cascade

 LNA: NF and G

in

in out

in

out

1

1 1

N G N N N

N NF G

 

Noise ratio generated by system

(12)

전자파연구실

12

 Thermal noise

p s s

p s

p p s

R R KTB

R

KTB R

R R

R

NF R    

 

 

 1

4

) //

(

2

4

Voltage attenuation

 

Output noise voltage

(13)

 Thermal noise, shot noise

 Constant noise figure circle

Noise model

 

Equivalent resistor

(14)

전자파연구실

14

2 2 2

11 22

21 12

1 | | | | | |

2 | || |

S S

K S S

   

11 22 12 21

S S S S

  

 Stability circle:

 Unconditionally stable:

K    1, 1

 1

(15)

 Output power (P1dB), power gain

 Linearity (OIP3)

 Efficiency (PAE)

 Temperature

Power amplifier scheme

(16)

전자파연구실

16

 Drain efficiency:

 Power added efficiency:

DC RFout

P P

D

DC

RFin RFout

P P PAEP

(17)

 Beat

 IP3: third intercept point

 IIP3: input IP3

 OIP3: output IP3 = IIP3*G

Corruption of signal

(18)

전자파연구실

18

 Input power vs. IM power

) cos(

where )

(

0 1 2 2 3 3

t A

x

x x

x x

f

참조

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