A Study on Ubiquitous Environment and Furniture Design - Focus on Elements of Interior Design Trends -

A Study on Ubiquitous Environment and Furniture Design - Focus on Elements of Interior Design Trends -

Jong Seo Kim

Department of Formative Design, Kongju National University, Kongju 314-701, Korea

Abstract: Increased internet use under a ubiquitous environment may be called as a great hu- man information space revolution followed by Industrial Revolution. This revolution is exerting its significant influence over all the industry as a whole with speed faster than that of any other times. Along with this trend, if furniture design field that leads living culture should fail to jump on this main stream without noticing it, it may be reduced to a unpopular field some day without any sign of recovery. Under this background, this study is intended to recognize a goal aiming at understanding our rapidly changing living environment and leading our way positively. Currently, our surrounding living environment is immersed in computers here and there and Mark Weiser once defined a system that moves in advance before an action as ubiq- uitous computing and in this respect, I am going to observe a detailed transformation process of space. First nature of the space may be defined as atoms, a physical space equivalent to a spa- tial element and Bits space that is untouchable is usually called as 2nd space and a combina- tion of atoms and Bits is an intelligent space - 3rd space - that can be intelligible without touching it and finally, this space is called as a ubiquitous space. This spatial transformation is developed by several changes of living environment and we may call it as living trend or in- terior design trend. Transformation in terms of social perspective, space structural perspective and digital technique perspective may be enumerated. These transformations were surveyed based on its contents being implemented at a future housing exhibition hosted by 5 construction companies along with fusion of information furniture and furniture depending on each housing space. In conclusion, it could be realized that most of the companies were decorating future space by implementing ubiquitous environment as a success factor of future housing market. It may be meaningful to note once again that under an interior environment, a fusion of furniture and information furniture is required considering interior trend elements.

Keywords: convergence, electronic device, residential environment, ubiquitous

1. Introduction

1)

1.1. Background and Aim

Steve Jobs of Apple once said while explaining iCloud, “PC will not be a main computer at

Received for publication: June 18, 2011; Reviewed: June 23, 2011; Received in revised form: July 4, 2011, Accepted: July 10, 2011

†

Corresponding author: Jong Seo Kim (jskdesign@

hanmail.net)

home any more now”(Fig. 1).

iCloud concept is that network server enabling

networking will be provided at all the required

places and stored, operated files will be stored in

a memory space called cloud and required data

will be allowed to be utilized at any time. That is

to day that cloud containing rain element may

shower at any time and place depending on any

circumstances. At WWDC2011 Apple Special

Fig. 1. WWDC2011, Apple Special Event by CEO.

Event, iCloud facility being constructed at North Carolina was disclosed and iCloud activation was driven by having announced free service for one month at this event. This event is considered to be meaningful for activating ubiquitous envi- ronment. In the early 90s, Bill Gates of Microsoft announcing a start of personal PC explained,

“You may search any contents with just one click”, and by this demonstration, a new wave of computer was initiated and this case is similar to a current Apple case. Now is the times of smart phone and smart pad and diversified information search or its use is enabled while moving around without PC. However, as diversified data control including pictures, music and documents is com- plicated and inconvenient, it is demanded that an easy control system is required and Apple has taken this opportunity on a full scale for market preoccupation. This control system requires a fast internet speed.

Nowadays, internet has positioned as an indis- pensible base infra like electricity or gas service and without this, our life may be faced with a lot of inconveniences or any situation beyond that.

In addition, it may be said that internet is playing a role of driving modern culture. In using termi- nology for objective concept of 5 construction companies (One Pass of Hyundai Hill State, XiU Home System of LG Construction, Eco-friendly environment by using U-System of Daewoo Prugio, Experience of Daelim, U Plan of Sam-

sung Remian), it is our actual surrounding envi- ronment, not a simple concept.

Under this stream, it is considered that now is the time for furniture design to pursue a direction of future-oriented furniture design suitable for U environment. Furniture role is considered to be important in order to ensure convenience of liv- ing space including home network, home auto- mation, utilization of intelligence-type sensor or amusement. It is a reality that furniture is being transformed from an independent furniture to built-in type furniture and then to living system tool of integrating furniture and appliances owing to transformation of spatial and digital tech- nology. In this regard, this study is intended to suggest furniture design direction by evaluating trend elements of various interior design of resid- ing space. In particular, fusion of information fur- niture and furniture has diversified range includ- ing independent future, built-in furniture and moving wall. There are a few reasons for this and these reasons include transformation of social en- vironment, transformation to fluid spatial struc- ture by user’s demand and development of digital technology.

This analysis is intended to be observed through case study of residing space by comparing trends of U-environment of each companies and to sug- gest a possibility that furniture industry may be- come a main industry in our society.

1.2. Research Methodology and Scope

This study will survey principle and concept of

digital, application range of ubiquitous living and

trend elements of interior and evaluate con-

vergence case of developed furniture and in-

formation appliances starting from existing mod-

el case and built-in case. A new paradigm of digi-

tal furniture design under the future residing

space where diversified social issues are involved

Classification Physical Space Cyber Space Ubiquitous Space

Space Element atoms bits Atoms+Bits

Perception Tangible Space Intangible Space Knowing Space

Without Touch

Space Type Euclidean Geometry Virtual Reality Intellectually

Augmented Reality

Organization Land + Object Internet + Web Ubiquitous Network+ Intellectual Environment

Development of

Space Structure, Architecture Computer + Mobil +

Radio Convergence IT+NT+BT Convergence

Status of Space Address Fixed IPv4 Mobil IPv6

Possible Form Things Embellished in Space

Things Embellished in Computer

Computer Embellished in Things Fig. 2. Change of Ubiquitous Space Concept.

Fig. 3. Concept of Ubiquitous.

based on practical key techniques is intended to be pursued. As a research method, relevant data will be surveyed and analyzed through thesis, specialized literatures and internet.

First, concept and development process for ubiquitous environment will be understood and future society will be forecasted.

Second, interior trend along with trans- formation of living environment will be surveyed and analyzed in terms of social perspective, space structural perspective and functional perspective

of digital environment.

Third, by comparing design trend of each con- struction companies, characteristics and cases of furniture fusion depending on use of residing space will be surveyed.

2. Theorical Background

2.1. A General Meaning and Principle of Ubiquitous

Dictionary meaning of ubiquitous is a latin word of ‘existing at any time and place and biased.’ It is sometimes called as 3A (anytime, anywhere, any device) industry that is being cur- rently emerged as a topic and it means that inter- net can be used by any device at any time, place (Fig. 3).

According to a definition of Mark Weiser,

ubiquitous computing is a system that moves

ahead of human being by the computer hidden in

any place of environment. That is to say that if

the current computer environment had tried to

provide humans with familiarity by imitating en-

vironment where we are working, computer envi-

ronment of the next generation will form a sys-

Architectural Materials Wall

(Display Board) Floor Ceiling Window Door Stair

Input Sensor

Recognition of Location

Location of

Objects - - - Recognition of

Location

Impact Sensor - Perception to Impact Object

Perception of Earthquake

Perception of Broken Window

Perception of Impact

Perception of Impact

Load Sensor

Perception of Over Load From

Basic Load

Perception of Over Load From Basic

Load

Perception of Over Load From

Basic Load

- Perception of

Touched Load -

Visual Sensor (Multi view)

Perception of Moving Objects

Perception of Moving Residents

Perception of Location Installed Objects

- Perception of Touched Load

Recognition of Height-Location

Visual Sensor (Stereo view)

Perception of Moving Objects

Perception of Moving Residents

Perception of Location Installed Heat

- Perception of Touched Load

Recognition of Height-Location

Humidity Sensor

Recognition of

Humidity - Recognition of

Humidity

Recognition of Outside Humidity

Display of

In/Outside data -

Location Sensor

Recognition of Location in Grid

Recognition of Moving Objects in

Grid

Recognition of Moving Objects

in Grid

-

Recognition of Moving Objects

in Grid

Recognition of Height-Location

in Grid

Fig. 6. Relationship of Sensors and Architectural Materials.

Fig. 4. USIM & U-chip (0.4 mm × 0.4 mm). Fig. 5. RFID Scanning System.

temization almost near to the nature so much as to say that nobody knows presence of computer as it is hidden in the actual working environment.

This system space can be divided into 3 stages and this concept can be defined as; First is a phys- ical real space and second is e-space, a web space of virtual reality and third is 3rd space of in- telligence space under ubiquitous environment (Fig. 2).

Principle of Ubiquitous is Two elements among the elements that enable ubiquitous envi- ronment start from the time of USIM chip and

RFID chip being inserted into all the things.

- RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) tech- nology is to identify information from remote place by radio wave. For this RFID, its tag (hereinafter called tag) and its reader (hereinafter called reader) are required. These chips are made of low-power chip of which size is below 1 cm

.

- USIM (universal subscriber identity module)

is a universal subscriber identification card that

contains several personal information in one

piece of card so that diversified service including

user certification, global roaming, e-trade would

Fig. 7. Home Network System.

Fig. 8. Transportation System of U-City.

be provided. This module comprises small CPU and memory and CPU identifies user by coding function and memory plays a role of storage space for optional service (Figs. 4, 5).

All the things having this chip become a com- puter and we are living with this computer (Fig.

6). For example, all the things including books, clothes, foodstuff as well as home appliances like refrigerator, TV, A/V device, vacuum cleaner have become intelligent and informative and mini computer and mobile phone are being de- veloped to the direction of narrowing temporal, spatial distance by being combined with super

speed wireless internet. This transformation will exert significant influence over our housing and home appliances and furniture is not an exce- ption.

2.2. Ubiquitous Environment in the Future

Ubiquitous environment means a future-ori-

ented home environment where diversified home

digital service is provided to anybody at any

place through information home appliances be-

ing connected with cable/wireless home network

by using super speed wireless internet. Ministry

of Knowledge Economy defines this as future-ori-

ented home environment that can receive diversi-

fied home digital service at any time and b y any-

body (Fig. 7). Furthermore, a future-oriented city

of U-city concept is also under planning stage and

current Ministry of Land, Transport and

Maritime Affairs had enacted ‘A law for con-

struction of ubiquitous city’ in 2008. U-City cur-

rently under promotion is actively applied to

Sejong New Town, Innovation City and Pangyo

New Town as well as existing cities (Fig. 8).

3. Interior Trend thought Change of Living Style

3.1. Social Change

Change of living environment is influenced by transformation of family nature and necessities of life externally and transformation of social sit- uation, development of technology and influx of foreign culture. When observing typical elements of transformation,

- Arrival of digital society - Electronic, in- focomindustry are developed based on internet and mobile and intelligent housing and a space that enables telecommuting are required.

- Advancing into advanced economic system - Under the times of national per capita income of USD 20,000, high quality residing space and dig- italized environment are preferred.

- Implementation of 5 days a week system - Expansion of leisure life and a space of cultural activity are required and high quality housing en- abling entertainment is generally preferred.

- Advancing into aging society - As a result of increase of elderly household, silver and health industry become popular and high quality silver housing considering IT-related industry that sup- ports elderly life is required.

- Expansion of social participation of female - As infant care is emerged as an issue due to dual income household, dependence on IT system is raised in order to reduce time of household chores.

- Increased concern over environment - Health- oriented eco-friendly products and housing are preferred.

- Expansion of economic activity - As industry activity is expanded nationally and globally, a space of single person is expanded.

- Acceleration of high density development - As housing price is raised, high-rise apartment is

generalized and comfortable residing space ac- companied by high class-oriented tendency is required.

3.2. Transformation of Spatial Structure Trend of interior design is considered to be de- termined by residing culture of occupants.

Diversification of housing function related to above mentioned social transformation should al- low convenient transformation of traffic line or furniture rearrangement so that transformation from residing space to office space is enabled for ensuring telecommuting. In addition, as a space of single person is expanded , DIY concept may be required to be considered so that unnecessary space is reduced and spatial transformation de- sired by user is enabled.

Residing space in terms of a social perspective pursues sustainable eco-friendly space as a eco-housing concept. As scientific technology in- duces informationization, high-tech and compo- nent assembly of housing technology, variability and flexibility by convenience of housing space, high efficiency and high functionality are allowed.

This development of architectural technology

shows diversified form of housing along with

transformation of social context. Multi-func-

tional small housing for nuclear family and in-

dependent household, high-tech silver housing

enabling health care, intelligent building that re-

quires a specific personality or high tech func-

tional system, urban high rise building are

preferred. Any point being emphasized partic-

ularly for these diversified space is that demand

for high function-based residing space that max-

imizes safety, comfort, convenience and person-

ality together with high tech system is being

increased. As a way of accommodating diversi-

fied requirements depending on consumer life-

style, variable plan has become generalized.

Division Applied Technology Applied Device

Home Automation Automatic control

Management of energy, remote inspection, inner remote control, voice recognition, outside remote

control. timer control

Home Network

Network Telemedicine, U-Learning, U-Community

Security control

Anti-entry & thief system, Fire & gas detector, emergency, safety during going out, unified key,

entrance & exit system, elevator security, DVR recording system

Smart sensor

Smart-Display Smart wall, smart table, intelligent floor-display, Magic mirror, smart mirror

Environment Adjustment system

Interior temperature, brightness, automatic ventilation

& turn-on & off, water temperature, automatic collecting of trash

Fig. 9. Digital technical conditions for Smart Home (Heejung Cho 2005).

Accordingly, transformation from existing wall type structure to column type, sliding wall and home theater, health room, DIY room as a con- sumer’s option are considered.

3.3. Transformation of Digital Environment and Functional Element

Scientific technology being developed as a ne- cessity induces a new lifestyle reversely. An effect of ubiquitous computing technology over space is connected to housing pattern and living mode.

Since long time ago, world market is exerting ef- forts so that home automation and home net- working would be applied to future housing and technical power of our country is considered to be positioned as a higher level in the world as a IT power as ubiquitous computing environment is being utilized in our surroundings intimately.

Transformation speed of internet environment by using mobile currently being popularized is too fast to be predicted by anybody and it has wide range of application.

Digital environment that confusingly makes virtual space shown in movie as reality and cul- tural revolution are on the point of being un-

folded shortly.

Under this digital times, cultural characteristics invites transformation of residing environment, an existing physical environment. In particular, as hybrid that links virtual reality and amplified reality is newly created, 3 aspects are mixed or coexisted. As its detailed characteristics, first, de- centralization without limitation of time and place, second, smartization of intelligent environ- ment, third, hybridization linking virtual space and physical reality space, fourth, multi-sensori- zation that may satisfies diversified human senses being naturally integrated into wall, ceiling and furniture are implemented as a diversified crea- tive environment without uniformity.

When observing functional elements of digital

home in detail, these elements include home net-

work technology, home automation system and

intelligent sensor that plays a basic role of

U-system. Home network environment is that

home appliances are performing their function

through cable/wireless network and a environ-

ment enabling mutual access through internet ex-

ternally is implemented. Implementation of digi-

tal information appliances, hardware and soft-

Fig. 11. Digital Living Room for Family.

Fig. 12. Moving Sensor of Bed.

Fig. 10. Display Table & Mirror.

ware that can control this is taken place at home networking (Fig. 9).

4. Interior Trend thought Change of Living Style

According to a report called ‘10 future tech- nologies’ prepared by Vatel research institute, a typical US think tank organization, last year, forecasting the future of home appliances, it has forecasted that the times of integrated product where TV, communication device and computer are integrated in a diversified way after passing through the times when TV and mobile phone have been independently functioned. In partic- ular, they have asserted that any other products than the product based on home networking and digital convergence will get nowhere in the future. Fusion-type furniture that makes each sphere obscure and its boundary unclear is in- tended to have user recognize furniture and prod- ucts with more familiarity by a new mutual reaction.

Information media of residing space in the fu-

ture will be transformed depending on user’s re- quirements without having any fixed form.

Therefore, furniture pattern, function and mean- ing will be transformed according to require- ments of multiplicated times (Fig. 10).

4.1. The Convergence of Home Electronic Device and Furniture Depending on Each Use of Residential Space

4.1.1. Living Room

Living room is a common space where family members can watch each member’s personality as a diversified general space including a space of harmony, pleasure and information exchange by meeting together, a space of sensitivity exchange and human relation and enjoying movie or amusement. Detailed digital elements and furni- ture of the living room include digital wall, inter- net TV, teleconference, home a/c system, audio

& video, decoration wardrobe, storage closet, desk, lighting lamp, sofa, large digital table, e-frame, and other hobby-related articles of the family (Fig. 11).

4.1.2. Bedroom

This space is a place where 8 hours a day on

average is spent as a comfortable sleeping space

and various service system is required. Digital el-

ements and furniture include bed, side table,

chair, storage closet including wardrobe, internet

TV, video telephone, temperature, humidity con-

trol for ensuring comfortable sleeping, home

Fig. 15. Animation Wall.

Fig. 14. High Adjustment Sink.

Fig. 13. Fitting Mirror.

A/C system for clean air and monitoring and control system connected with home network camera. In particular, home care system for en- suring health care through network includes 4 units bio sensor for thermometer, blood pressure gauge, electrocardiograph and blood sugar gauge and e-scope enabling telemedicine, even though there may be some difference depending on each users.

4.1.3. Dress Room

a space where cosmetics and clothes are stored in clean condition as a place of hope preparing for a day. Users can look their dressing condition through this fitting mirror without taking out clothes from closet and coordination matching with climate and fashion is suggested (Fig. 13).

4.1.4. Bathroom

As a space where after finishing work, personal health and mental stability are provided, this space requires service system. While health care

system is required in bedroom, health care net- work information device is considered to be pro- vided in this bathroom. Data measured through digital mirror and health checker of bathroom is transmitted to health expert through information terminal and information including diet is pro- vided. Other convenience facilities including wash basin with automatic height adjustable function, (Fig. 14) foot washing stand within shower booth, bathtube TV+speakerphone, auto- matic temperature-adjustable bathtube, shower of which color is changing depending on temper- ature, mirror-type display are available for users.

4.1.5. Study Room

This space shall be composed for acquiring ed- ucational information and creating a new idea and also function of amusement and news shall be provided as well. As a space of reading or do- ing business, service required for network or home office shall be provided. Network learning is to obtain multi-media type textbooks by using video animation through internet and provide two-way learning support system by utilizing animation mail and exchanging answer sheet (Fig. 15).

Home office also shall enable exchange of re-

quired information through internet and digital

environment as an office space is essential.

Fig. 17. Display on Wall & Surface of Furniture.

Fig. 16. Kitchen of Network System.

4.1.6. Kitchen

A basic space for cooking and dining. This space serves as a place of meeting among family members, dialogue and friendship as a complex space. Kitchen space includes refrigerator, oven and other appliances for cooking and storing and various interaction between various utensils for eating food and users is taken place and at the time of cooking, a comprehensive system is re- quired for inducing efficient, convenient, safe and pleasant situation. Detailed kinds of cooking utensils include network gas range, network re- frigerator, network display wall pad equipment supporting cookery (Fig. 16).

4.1.7. Entrance

Convenient access of the residents and safe crime prevention service shall be provided to this space. As a typical service, automatic recording of visitors and transmission when going out are included. This service means a function of being able to communicate in two-ways at home or of- fice through home station equipment that mon- itors image identified by built-in camera at entrance. In addition, in order to ensure safe crime prevention against intrusion, close ex- change of information with security company is required.

4.1.8. Home Display (Fig. 17)

By installing home display at wall, frame or door, spatial efficiency and convenient life are

provided. This display can be installed at diversi- fied space including frontal side of wardrobe, for fashion coordination, wall around shoe rack at door entrance for climate schedule control, large display hung on the wall, digital aquarium, win- dow-type display like nature, window with a function of adjusting.

4.2. Comparison of Design Trend of Each Construction Companies

4.2.1. Hyundai ‘Hill State’

Hyundai Hill State that will implement ‘all the values that are desired to be embraced in the house’ had introduced ‘Hillosophy Design’ of cool eco-environment and modern class sense.

This design means human-oriented design, in one word. This concept has upgraded residing space on step farther by introducing ‘wellbeing, eco-friendly environment and LOHAS’ so that the family would lead their healthy and happy life. By one-pass door system, safety and con- venience of door entrance was ensured and by installing U-medical mirror at the entrance, health data is supported. Through digital table of living room, diversified information is collected and shared and meeting with family is induced.

Advantage of bedroom and dress room is to ex-

change of information through network TV and

implement image information through magic

mirror. Hightech system of bathroom is high-

lighted. This bathroom includes e-sensor toilet,

Fig. 18. One-Pass Door System. Fig. 19. U-Bedroom. Fig. 20. Smart Bathroom.

* Pictures from commany’s hompage.

Fig. 24. Moving Sensor of Bed. Fig. 25. U-Touch pad. Fig. 26. E-Table.

Fig. 21. Health Care System. Fig. 22. Landscape Digital wall. Fig. 23. Robot as A Guide & Helper.

automated bathroom, automatic height-adjust- able wash basin.

Characteristics of kitchen includes U-mom and smart kitchen that supports health condition of family, favorite food, food material analysis and order-made menu.

4.2.2. Daewoo ‘Prugio’

By designing ceiling height higher than normal by 10cm, high space was emphasized and sub- sidiary facilities of theme park including urban water fun, science playground are provided.

Cleaniness, cool feeling, fresh feeling and con- venient and affordable well-being space are em- phasized and this company is leading ubiquitous residing culture by implementing high tech elements. In the living room, 9 units of TV are

connected and each channel is enabled to be functional and brightness of lighting is adjustable.

As e-Memo pad is placed at the side of sofa, users can send memo or letter to their family.

In bathroom, family members can check their health condition including weight, blood pres- sure, blood sugar through weighing scale and health care device provided in this room.

Possibility of robot generalization as household helper is emphasized.

4.2.3. Samsung ‘Remian’

Samsung Remian had suggested well-living of

residing and environment by declaring ‘Perfor-

mance-based housing’ in 2004 and in 2005, they

had announced ‘Remian U Plan’ matching with

high tech ubiquitous technology and house and a

Fig. 27. U-Pad, Home-Automation. Fig. 28. High-Glass Livingroom. Fig. 29. U-Wall Pad.

Fig. 30. Bright Livingroom. Fig. 31. U-Bright Kitchen. Fig. 32. U-Bright Smart Bathroom.

standard for residing culture was proposed. In 2006, ‘Housing Convergence’, a new space con- cept that combines human, house, future and technology in an organic way by developing above two concepts was introduced. From 2009, optimized housing space, ‘E-cubic’ designed based on eco-environment and energy efficiency as key factors of future housing space, was sug- gested in preparation for high energy times. Its characteristics include large home automation screen that allows lighting, telephone and tem- perature control by landscape wall touch screen of living room and this device can be used for the elderly and children in case of emergency. Eco- friendly wall paper made of nap ensures comfort- able home environment by absorbing smell and noise.

Bed - When stepping on a certain space be- tween beds, lighting is on and this lighting pro- vides a role of toilet guide for ensuring safety.

Also echo heating system that adjusts temper- ature that user desires is provided.

Bathroom - This bathroom is characterized by Korean-styled design, high tech facility and foot washing stand. Multi shower allows showering

while listening to music under LED lighting and when taking toothbrush after climbing up the stand where chair and sensor are provided, health care system is operated and bodily fat, pulse, body temperature are measured and its result is shown on mirror and health data is stored.

During toothbrushing, digital mirror provides service of weather forecasting and headline news.

Kitchen - As a kitchen charging energy of the family, this kitchen is characterized by plain-type structure inducing family dialogue and touchpad that allows network attached between kitchen ceiling and refrigerator side wall.

4.2.4. GS ‘Xi’

GS Xi that have achieved a success by high quality strategy of high dignity apartment may be called as a leader of U-system.

U-system that introduced remote control sys- tem that can control house environment through internet and mobile phone can control mail, tele- phone, e-control system, security and manage- ment with ease through home network system.

Gas or lighting is remote controlled. Future-ori-

ented eco-friendly housing space with high en-

Room Contents of U-Service Hyundai Daewoo Samsung GS Daelim Total

Living Room

- Digital Wall(Network TV, Multivision 등) - Built in Cabinet & Home Monitoring System - Auto Blaind & Auto Lighting System - Digital Table(Network, Digital Picture Frame)

● ● ● ● ◎

18/

20

◉ ● ● ● ●

◉ ● ◉ ● ●

● ● ● ● ◎

Bedroom

- Smart Bed(Eco-Heating) - Health care System - Network TV - HVAC System

● ● ● ● ◎

17/

20

● ● ● 〇 〇

● ◉ 〇 ● ●

◎ ● ● ● ●

Dress- Room

- Fitting Mirror - Masic Mirror - Mack-up Table - Wear Management

● ◉ 〇 ● ◉

15/

20

● ● ● ● -

◎ ◎ 〇 ● ◎

● ● ● 〇 ●

Bath Room

- Digital Medical Mirrror - Health care System - Auto ventilation System - Sterilizing Toilet

◎ ● ● ● ●

17/

20

◎ ● ● ● -

● ● 〇 ● ●

● ● ● ● ◎

Study Room - Network Study Support System - Moveable Wall System For User

● ◉ ● ● ● 7/

◎ - 〇 〇 ● 10

Kitchen

- Network Wall Pad(For Cooking) - Auto ventilation System - Smart Table

- Network Refrigerator - Distant Inspection System

● ● ● ● ●

22/

25

● ● ● 〇 ◎

◉ 〇 ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ◉

● ● ● ● ●

Entrance - Intelligent Auto-Key System - Visiter Record & Security System

● ● ● ● ● 9/

● ● ◉ ● ◉ 10

Home Display

- Surface of Furniture

- On The Wall & Built in Furniture

● ● ● - ◎ 6/

10

- ● ● ● -

Fig. 33. Convergence of U-System & Furniture per each companies.

Note: ● > ◉ > ◎ > 〇: Scope of Realization.

(It could be different because of limited data from each companies).

ergy efficiency, called smart house, is empha- sized.

4.2.5. Daelim ‘e-comfortable world’

‘Experience’ that recommends the users to ex- perience eco-friendly low energy, nature-friendly and internet network system is Key word. As a brand of signifying the world floating over the cloud, this brand also emphasizes ubiquitous concept. In particular, effort is being exerted in order to realize convenient housing space, a basic value, rather than apparent glamour. As an eco project, human-oriented, nature-friendly, func- tionality and spatial sense are emphasized. In ad- dition, variable space and space-converged de- sign are emphasized so that the customers could

express their diversified personalities and display by their own will. In particular, bright color and brown color point create fantasy over the cloud.

4.2.6. Converged Arrangement between U-sys- tem as per Each Construction Companies and Furniture (Fig. 33)

Typically converged contents with furniture as per each space was summarized and the cases be- ing applied to each construction companies were compared. In conclusion, most of them had shown similar technology and application range.

It could be confirmed that under the current liv-

ing environment, application range of ubiquitous

is being implemented in the subject that leads

housing culture very rapidly.

5. Conclusion

Ubiquitous environment was observed in terms of furniture design perspective so far. And also smartization of things through principle, struc- ture of ubiquitous, kind of chips and computing technique of ubiquitous was observed. And space, things (object) and human were observed to be developed in a converged form. In the hous- ing space, convergence phenomenon by digital technology comprises a hidden interaction as electronic appliances are converged to wall of things, furniture and product and this phenomen- on shall play an important role of supporting communication among things and human, get- ting out of a simple function of giving user con- venience and pleasure.

Sometimes, excessive exposure of privacy in- formation is concerned but well management will compromise this concern. In particular, in prepa- ration for coming aging society, it is considered to be important to support the elderly by creating ubiquitous environment and in terms of dual in- come household or diversification of housing function, a research will be carried out. It is ex- pected that direction of diversified design for fur- niture type or items would be suggested.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the research grant of the Kongju National University in 2009

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