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The Age and Growth of Marbled Flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae in the Coastal Waters of East Sea off Pohang

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한수지 50(3), 278-286, 2017

278

Copyright © 2017 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science pISSN:0374-8111, eISSN:2287-8815 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 50(3),278-286,2017

Original Article

서 론

문치가자미(Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae) 가자미목 (Pleuronectiformes) 가자미과 (Pleuronectidae)속하는어종 으로우리나라해역, 일본북해도이남동중국해에분포하 , 주로연안에서식하는것으로알려져있다(Kim and Youn, 1994; Kim et al., 2005). 우리나라서해안의문치가자미는 북위 37이북해역에서분포하지만수온이낮아지는겨울

철에는남하하여분포하는것으로알려져있고(NFRDI, 2004),

남해안의문치가자미는겨울철에연안에서산란을하고수온

상승하면외해로이동하는것으로알려져있다(Seo et al.,

2010). 또한 문치가자미는 연안에서 주로 갯지렁이류, 새우

, 게류, 이매패류등을섭식한다(Choi et al., 2002; NFRDI,

2014). 최근까지의 문치가자미에 대한 연구동향을 보면,

본에서난과자어의초기발달에관한연구(Yusa, 1960), 연령 성장재생산에관한연구(Suzuki, 1967; Solomon et al., 1987; Shafieipour et al., 1999; Kooka et al., 2000; Kume et al., 2006; Tanda et al., 2008; Lee et al., 2009; Hoshio et al., 2012) 해역별로많은생태연구가진행되었다. 국내에서도난발생 부화자어에관한연구(Kim et al., 1983), 생식특성개체 군의동태연구(Kang et al., 1985; Lee et al., 1985), 식성과 숙산란에대한연구(Huh et al., 2012), 연령과성장에관한 (Kim et al., 1991; Park, 1997; Moon and Lee, 1999; Kim et al., 2015) 많은연구가이루어졌다. 하지만우리나라의대부 연구가남해안과서해안에서식하는문치가자미에대한 구이다. 최근동해안에는어족자원이감소함에따라문치가자 미의어획의존도가증가하고있어, 문치가자미의지속적인 원이용을위한자원관리의필요성이증가하고있다. 하지만

동해 포항 연안 문치가자미(Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)의 연령과 성장

양재형·이해원1·이재봉2·차형기3·김성태4·윤병선*

동해수산연구소 자원환경과, 1국립수산과학원 연구협력과, 2국립수산과학원 원양자원과, 3국립수산과학원 연근해자원과, 4독도수산연구센터

The Age and Growth of Marbled Flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokoha- mae in the Coastal Waters of East Sea off Pohang

Jae Hyeong Yang, Hae won Lee1,Jae Bong Lee2, Hyung Kee Cha3, Sung Tae Kim4 and Byoung Sun Yoon*

East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gangneung 25435, Korea

1Research Cooperation Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea

2Distant Water Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea

3Fisheries Resources Management Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea

4Dokdo Fisheries Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang 37709, Korea

The age and growth of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae in coastal waters of the East Sea of Korea off Pohang were determined, by evaluating monthly samples of commercial catches, caught by gill nets and longlines from February 2013 to January 2014. New annuli from annually in P. yokohamae otoliths, and the boundary between the opaque and translucent zones forms from March to May. The relationships between total length (TL) and total weight (TW) were TW=0.009TL3.128 (R2=0.969) for females and TW=0.008TL3.150 (R2=0.964) for males. The TLs at the time of annulus formation, back-calculated from the otolith-length relationship by reference to the von Ber- talanffy growth curves, were Lt=52.63 (1 – exp(-0.231(t+0.033))) for females and Lt=36.22 (1 – exp(-0.400(t+0.117))) for males.

Commencing at the age of 3 years, females grew faster than males (P<0.05).

Key words: Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae, Marbled flounder, Age, Growth

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2017.0278 Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 50(3) 278-286, June 2017

Received 3 February 2017; Revised 21 March 2017; Accepted 1 June 2017

*Corresponding author: Tel: +82. 33. 660. 8565 Fax: +82. 33. 661. 8513 E-mail address: [email protected]

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문치가자미의 연령과 성장 279

해역에서는성숙과산란에대한연구(Kim et al., 2016)수행 되었을효율적자원관리에필요한성장등의생태연구자료 부족하다. 연구는우리나라동해의포항연안에서자망과 연승어업에의해어획된문치가자미의이석을연령형질로사용 하여연령성장패턴을파악하고, 문치가자미의자원을효율 적으로이용·관리할있는방안을모색하고자자원생태학적 특성치자료를제공하는것에목적을두고있다.

재료 및 방법

연구에서사용한문치가자미시료는 2013 2월부터 2014 1월까지포항연안의연안자망연안연승어업에의해어획

것이다(Fig. 1). 연령분석을위해이석을추출하고분석한

치가자미는 975개체로암컷 577개체와수컷 398개체였다

(Table 1). 포항수협위판현장에서직접채집한시료는실험실

운반·수를구분하여전장(TL, 0.1 cm)전중(TW, 0.1 g)측정하였다. 문치가자미의연령분석을위하여연령형질 이석을이용하였고, 이석은두개골을절개하여· 추출하였다. 추출한이석은표면의유기물을제거하고, 50%

알코올에세척하여보존하였다. 이석은연령사정이용이하도

사포(sandpaper)핵이관찰되는부분까지표면을연마

하여관찰하였다(Solomon et al., 1987). 연령사정에는윤문 독의통일성을위해우측이석만을이용하였으며, 투명대에서 불투명대로이행하는경계를윤문으로 간주하였고, 이석반경 (R)윤문까지의거리는실체현미경(DE/MZ-125, LEICA, German)영상분석시스템(Leopard, Zootoz, Korea)이용 하여측정하였다.

이석반경은이석중심(focus)으로부터후단부끝까지의직선 거리로장축반경을측정하였고, 윤경(rn)이석중심으로부터 윤문까지의직선거리로 mm단위까지측정하였다(Fig. 2).

Table 1. Number of samples and range of total length of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and Longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea from February 2013 to January 2014

Year Month Female Male

No. of inds. Avg. TL (cm) Range of TL (cm) No. of inds. Avg. TL (cm) Range of TL (cm)

2013 Feb. 50 24.7 17.8-35.5 57 24.2 17.6-29.0

Mar. 36 27.1 21.9-36.5 15 26.6 20.8-33.0

Apr. 22 23.5 17.0-28.8 24 22.9 13.9-30.2

May 42 23.7 16.3-31.7 38 22.4 15.4-34.0

Jun. 51 25.8 15.0-36.5 50 25.7 17.2-35.5

Jul. 31 23.4 17.9-36.1 26 20.6 15.4-31.8

Aug. 52 28.2 21.7-35.5 39 26.7 20.1-35.5

Sep. 75 25.6 17.8-37.5 42 22.8 17.1-31.5

Oct. 55 26.0 17.8-36.5 37 22.5 17.4-30.6

Nov. 60 23.9 17.5-45.2 33 23.4 16.7-32.3

Dec. 60 25.6 17.2-46.6 27 23.6 17.5-35.2

2014 Jan. 43 27.3 20.5-33.5 10 23.9 21.8-25.2

Total 577 25.6 15.0-46.6 398 23.8 13.9-35.5

TL, total length.

Fig. 1. Sampling area of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yo- kohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea.

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양재형이해원이재봉차형기김성태윤병선 280

이석에대한윤문의정확성을높이기위하여명의판독 자가판독하였고(Robillard et al., 2009), 판독자가 2 령사정을수행하였다. 동일판독자의판독횟수간의일관성과 명의판독자간의재현성은 Chang (1982)평균변동계수 (average coefficient of variation, CV)사용하였고다음 같다(Campana and Jones, 1992; Hoenig et al., 1995; Cam- pana, 2014).

Ri=1 (Xij-( ̅Xj)2

CV=100%× 1 N R-1

N ∑

Xj

j=1

식에서 Xij j어류를 i번째판독한연령, ̅Xj j어류 평균연령, R판독횟수를의미한다. 문치가자미이석의 형성시기와계절적주기성에의한연간윤문형성횟수를 알아보기위해연변부에나타나는투명대의비율을월별로 석하여윤문이형성되는시점을검토하였고, 1윤문의형성 기간을추정하기위해산란기는 Kim et al. (2016)연구결과 참고하여비교분석하였다. 윤문대응성을검토한문치가 자미이석에나타나는윤문을연륜으로인정하여체장과윤경 관계식을구하였고, 관계식은연륜(R)체장(L)관계를 이용하여연령별역계산체장을구하였다. 그리고연륜과역계 체장의평균은다음식으로가중치를주어계산하였다.

̅x weighted = ∑ni=1wi xi

ni=1wi xi

문치가자미의성장은역계산된연령별평균체장을사용하여

von Bertalanffy (1938) 성장식으로구하였고, 성장식의파라 미터는 Walford 정차도법(Walford, 1946)으로추정한추정치 초기값으로 EXCEL (Microsoft, Redmond, Wa, USA) Solver사용하여비선형회귀분석방법(nonlinear regression) 의해추정하였다.

Lt=L (1-e-k(t-t0 ) )

여기서, Lt연령 t시의체장, L이론적최대체장, K 장계수, t0체장이 0때의이론적연령이다. 선행된많은 구들과비교를위해 Munro and Pauly (1983)개발한 Growth performance index (Ф)이용하였고, 식은다음과같다.

Ф=logK+2logLinf

여기서, K성장계수, Linf이론적최대체장이다.

그리고연구들과연구의체장을통일하기위해표준체 (SL) Park and Simizu (1990)전장(TL)표준체장(SL) 관계식으로모두전장(TL)전환하여비교하였다.

문치가자미의암수간전장과체중의상대성장비교는공분산

분석(ANCOVA)이용하였으며, 연령에따른성장차이와

·수간의연령별성장차이는 paired t-test, 체장차이는 t-test 통해차이유무를검정하였고, SPSS 12.0 통계패키지를 용하여분석하였다.

결 과

연령사정에사용된문치가자미는 975 개체로암컷은 577 개체, 수컷은 398개체였다. 암컷의전장범위는 15.0-46.6 cm 평균 25.6 cm였고, 수컷은 13.9-35.5 cm평균 23.8 cm Fig. 2. Photograph of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yoko-

hamae otolith. Count of annual mark (reflected light; N, nucleus;

R, radius).

Fig. 3. Length frequency distribution of marbled flounder Pseudo- pleuronectes yokohamae in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea from February 2013 to January 2014. TL, total length; N, num- ber of individual.

15 10 5 0 5 10 15

15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Frequency (%)

Total length (cm)

Female Avg. TL: 25.6cm N : 577

MaleAvg. TL: 23.8cm N : 398

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.

2013 2014

Frequency (%)

Opaque zones Translucent zones

TL = 12.946R - 5.679 R2 = 0.850

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Female

TL = 10.547R - 0.786 R2 = 0.830

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Male

TW = 0.009TL3.128 R2 = 0.969

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Female

TW = 0.008TL3.150 R2 = 0.964

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Male

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total length (cm)

Age (year) Female : Lt= 52.63(1-e-0.231(t+0.033))

Male : Lt= 36.22(1-e-0.400(t+0.117))

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문치가자미의 연령과 성장 281

(Table 1, Fig. 3). 문치가자미의암컷과수컷의체장의차이를 분석한결과암컷이수컷에비하여평균체장이것으로나타 났다(t-test, p<0.05). 문치가자미이석의윤문판독에대한정확 성을높이기위하여명의판독자가 2회씩연령사정을수행하 였고, 판독자에따른 2연령판독일치율은판독자 1 93.4%, 판독자 2 92.5 %나타났다. 판독자의윤문판독결과의 재현성을분석하기위한판독자간일치율을보면, 판독자1 번째결과와판독자 2번째결과가가장일치율이높게 타났고, 판독자1번째결과와판독자 2번째결과의 일치율이가장낮았다. 일치율이높은판독자 1 째와판독자 2번째판독결과를사용하였고, 판독결과가 일치하지않는나머지이석의판독은판독자간협의를통해 령사정을수행하였다. 최종적으로연구에사용된이석은 907개로암컷 517, 수컷 390개였다. 윤문의형성시기 형성횟수를파악하기위해월별연변부의투명대비율을 석한결과(Fig. 4), 1월부터투명대의비율이점차감소하여 3-5

월에는 10% 이하로낮게나타났고, 6이후부는투명대의

율이높아지는경향을나타냈다. Kim et al. (2016)동해안 치가자미의산란기가 12-2월로보고하여, 문치가자미의 문은산란기가끝나는 3-5사이에 1형성되는것을

있었으며, 1윤문까지의형성시기기간은 1.25(15 월내외)추정된다. 문치가자미의연륜은 1주기성을 지고형성되며, 이석중심부터윤문까지의평균윤경은 Table

Fig. 4. Monthly changes in percentage occurrences of opaque and translucent zones at otolith edges of marbled flounder Pseudopleu- ronectes yokohamae in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea.

15 10 5 0 5 10 15

15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Frequency (%)

Total length (cm)

Female Avg. TL: 25.6cm N : 577

MaleAvg. TL: 23.8cm N : 398

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.

2013 2014

Frequency (%)

Opaque zones Translucent zones

TL = 12.946R - 5.679 R2 = 0.850

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Female

TL = 10.547R - 0.786 R2 = 0.830

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Male

TW = 0.009TL3.128 R2 = 0.969

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Female

TW = 0.008TL3.150 R2 = 0.964

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Male

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total length (cm)

Age (year) Female : Lt= 52.63(1-e-0.231(t+0.033))

Male : Lt= 36.22(1-e-0.400(t+0.117))

Table 2. Mean ring radius on the otolith of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea

(A) Female

Estimated age No. of samples Mean otolith ring radius (mm)

R r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7

1 182 2.142 1.365

2 221 2.383 1.252 1.998

3 82 2.749 1.251 1.990 2.510

4 17 3.067 1.218 2.014 2.532 2.892

5 10 3.337 1.183 1.845 2.348 2.839 3.208

6 3 3.558 1.153 1.808 2.413 2.924 3.297 3.475

7 2 3.843 1.167 1.890 2.483 2.961 3.261 3.509 3.720

Total 517 Weighted mean 1.289 1.990 2.496 2.883 3.233 3.489 3.720

Weighted S.D. 0.151 0.174 0.170 0.147 0.106 0.061 0.078 (B) Male

Estimated age No. of samples Mean otolith ring radius (mm)

R r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7

1 149 2.054 1.338

2 182 2.393 1.279 2.046

3 48 2.705 1.236 2.006 2.516

4 6 2.963 1.152 1.857 2.377 2.843

5 5 3.239 1.074 1.750 2.341 2.797 3.106

Total 390 Weighted mean 1.292 2.027 2.487 2.822 3.106

Weighted S.D. 0.159 0.206 0.224 0.186 0.274 R, otholith radius; S.D., standard deviation.

(5)

양재형이해원이재봉차형기김성태윤병선 282

2같다. 암컷의윤문별평균윤경은 r1=1.289±0.151 mm r7=3.720±0.078 mm이었고, 수컷은 r1=1.292±0.159 mm 에서 r5=3.106±0.274 mm나타났다. 그리고윤문형성시의 전장을역계산하기위해이석반경(R)전장(TL)간의관계식 추정한결과, 암컷은 TL=12.946R-5.679 (R2=0.850), 수컷 TL=10.547R-0.786 (R2=0.830)나타났다(Fig. 5). 문치가 자미의전장에대한중량증가의경향을보기위해전장과 량간의상대성장식을나타내었다(Fig. 6). 암컷의상대성장식 TW=0.009TL3.128 (R2=0.969)으로나타났고, 수컷의상대성 장식은 TW=0.008TL3.150 (R2=0.964)으로나타났다. 암컷과 컷의성장식을비교한결과암컷이중량과체장모두에서 컷보다빠르게성장하는것으로나타났다(ANCOVA, p<0.05).

연령별 평균윤경을 이석반경과 전장간의 관계식으로부 역계산하여연령별평균전장을분석한결과암컷은 L1.25= 11.00±1.95 cm에서 L7.25=42.47±1.02 cm나타났고, 수컷 L1.25=12.84±1.68 cm에서 L5.25=31.97±2.89 cm나타났 (Table 3). 역계산된연령별전장으로부터 Walford정차도법 으로구한성장매개변수값을이용하여추정된문치가자미의 ·각각에대한 von Bertalanffy 성장식은 Fig. 7같다. 치가자미암컷의성장매개변수중에서이론적최대체장(L) 52.63 cm, 성장계수(K) 0.231/, 체장이 0때의이론

연령(t0) -0.033세로추정되었고, 수컷은이론적최대체장 (L) 36.22 cm, 성장계수(K) 0.400/, 체장이 0때의 론적연령(t0) -0.117세로추정되었다. 추정된문치가자미의 성장식을이용하여선행연구와의성장율을비교해보면(Table 4), 암컷은동해안문치가자미가가장높은값을나타내었고, Fig. 5. Relationship between otolith radius and total length of mar-

bled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea. TL, total length; R, otholith radius; R2, R square.

15 10 5 0 5 10 15

15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Frequency (%)

Total length (cm)

Female Avg. TL: 25.6cm N : 577

MaleAvg. TL: 23.8cm N : 398

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.

2013 2014

Frequency (%)

Opaque zones Translucent zones

TL = 12.946R - 5.679 R2 = 0.850

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Female

TL = 10.547R - 0.786 R2 = 0.830

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Male

TW = 0.009TL3.128 R2 = 0.969

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Female

TW = 0.008TL3.150 R2 = 0.964

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Male

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total length (cm)

Age (year) Female : Lt= 52.63(1-e-0.231(t+0.033))

Male : Lt= 36.22(1-e-0.400(t+0.117))

Fig. 6. Relationship between total length and total weight of mar- bled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea. TL, total length; TW, total weight; R2, R square.

15 10 5 0 5 10 15

15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Frequency (%)

Total length (cm)

Female Avg. TL: 25.6cm N : 577

MaleAvg. TL: 23.8cm N : 398

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.

2013 2014

Frequency (%)

Opaque zones Translucent zones

TL = 12.946R - 5.679 R2 = 0.850

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Female

TL = 10.547R - 0.786 R2 = 0.830

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Male

TW = 0.009TL3.128 R2 = 0.969

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Female

TW = 0.008TL3.150 R2 = 0.964

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Male

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total length (cm)

Age (year) Female : Lt= 52.63(1-e-0.231(t+0.033))

Male : Lt= 36.22(1-e-0.400(t+0.117))

Fig. 7. The von Bertalanffy growth curves in total length estimated by a non-linear regression method of marbled flounder Pseudo- pleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea. Lt, total length at age t; e, exponential.

15 10 5 0 5 10 15

15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Frequency (%)

Total length (cm)

Female Avg. TL: 25.6cm N : 577

MaleAvg. TL: 23.8cm N : 398

0 20 40 60 80 100

Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.

2013 2014

Frequency (%)

Opaque zones Translucent zones

TL = 12.946R - 5.679 R2 = 0.850

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Female

TL = 10.547R - 0.786 R2 = 0.830

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

0 1 2 3 4 5

Total length (cm)

Otholith radius (mm) Male

TW = 0.009TL3.128 R2 = 0.969

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Female

TW = 0.008TL3.150 R2 = 0.964

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Total weight (cm)

Total length (cm) Male

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total length (cm)

Age (year) Female : Lt= 52.63(1-e-0.231(t+0.033))

Male : Lt= 36.22(1-e-0.400(t+0.117))

(6)

문치가자미의 연령과 성장 283

리나라남해안의문치가자미가가장낮은값을보였다. 수컷은 일본동경만산의문치가자미가가장높은값을나타내었고, 해안의문치가자미가가장낮은값을보였다.

고 찰

연구에서는문치가자미의연령을분석하기위하여연령형 질로이석을이용하였고, 이석의시상단, 횡단면, 전두단 상단을연마하여연령사정을수행하였다. 문치가자미는많은 선행연구에서이석을연령형질로사용하여연령과성장관련 구를수행하였고, 표면연마방법과절단방법을이용하여 연령 사정이이루어져왔다(Solomon et al., 1987; Kim et al., 1991;

Park, 1997; Moon and Lee, 1999; Kooka et al., 2000; Lee et al., 2009; Kim et al., 2015). 문치가자미이석을절단하여연령 분석을하는방법은고령어에서보다정확한연령추정이 능하여, 연령의개체에서는절단하는방법을추천하고있다 (Lee et al., 2009; Hoshino et al., 2012). 또한이석을절단하는 방법은대구(Gadus macrocephalus) 연마를통해연령사정 어려운어종에서많이사용하고있다. 그러나절단방법은

석의중심(Nucleus)절단하지않거나절단방향이다르면

오히려연령사정에오차가발생하고, 장시간에노력에도많은 양의이석을판독하기가힘든단점도있다. 연구는남해에 채집된대부분의문치가자미최대연령이암컷 6, 수컷은 4이하라는선행연구결과(Kim et al., 1991; 2015)바탕으 문치가자미는연령의어류가아닌것으로판단하고이석 표면을연마하여윤문을판독하는방법을사용하였다. 문치 가자미연령분석의정확성을높이기위해많은양의이석을 판독하는데중점을두었고, 결과암컷은최대 7, 수컷은 5 세로나타나표면연마를통한윤문판독의어려움이없었다. 동경만문치가자미의성장연구에서는암수모두를연령분 경우 5이하의개체들은표면을판독하는방법과 석을절단하는방법사이에유사한판독결과를보여성장식 정이가능하다고하였고(Lee et al., 2009), 연구에서도유사 경향을보였다.

연구에서이석의윤문판독은투명대에서불투명대로이행 해가는경계를윤문으로간주하여연령을판독하는방법을 용하였는데, 일본의동경만, 아오모리현연안과우리나라남해 안의문치가자미연령과성장연구에서도같은방법을사용하였 Table 3. Back-calculated total length at the formation of annuli in otolith of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea

(A) Female

Mean total length (cm)

Ring group L1.25 L2.25 L3.25 L4.25 L5.25 L6.25 L7.25

Total length (TL, cm)

1 12.00

2 10.53 20.19

3 10.52 20.09 26.82

4 10.10 20.39 27.10 31.76

5 9.63 18.20 24.72 31.08 35.85

6 9.25 17.73 25.56 32.17 37.01 39.31

7 9.43 18.78 26.47 32.65 36.53 39.74 42.47

Weighted mean 11.00 20.09 26.64 31.64 36.17 39.48 42.47

Weighted S.D. 1.95 2.25 2.20 1.91 1.37 0.79 1.02

(B) Male

Mean total length (cm)

Ring group L1.25 L2.25 L3.25 L4.25 L5.25 L6.25 L7.25

Total length (TL, cm)

1 13.32

2 12.71 20.80

3 12.24 20.37 25.75

4 11.36 18.80 24.28 29.19

5 10.55 17.67 23.90 28.71 31.97

Weighted mean 12.84 20.60 25.44 28.98 31.97

Weighted S.D. 1.68 2.17 2.36 1.96 2.89

S.D., standard deviation.

수치

Fig. 1. Sampling area of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yo- yo-kohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal waters off  Pohang of East Sea
Fig. 3. Length frequency distribution of marbled flounder Pseudo- Pseudo-pleuronectes yokohamae in the coastal waters off Pohang of East  Sea from February 2013 to January 2014
Table 2. Mean ring radius on the otolith of marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets and longlines in the coastal  waters off Pohang of East Sea
Fig. 6. Relationship between total length and total weight of mar- mar-bled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae caught by gill nets  and longlines in the coastal waters off Pohang of East Sea

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