≫고1 18학년도 9월 변형 모의고사 Kwang’s 막판역전 모의고사
1.1 다음 밑줄 친 것 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?
[18]
Dear Mr. Stevens, This is a reply to your inquiry about the shipment status of the desk you purchased at our store ①on September 26. Unfortunately, the delivery of your desk will take longer than ②expected due to the damage that ③occurred during the shipment from the furniture manufacturer to our warehouse. We have ordered an exact replacement from the manufacturer, and we expect ④that delivery will take place within two weeks. As soon as the desk arrives, we will telephone you immediately and ⑤arranging a convenient delivery time. We regret the inconvenience this delay has caused you.
Sincerely, Justin Upton
1.2 밑줄 친 due to의 의미가 다른 것을 고르세 요.
Dear Mr. Stevens, This is a reply to your inquiry about the shipment status of the desk you purchased at our store on September 26.
Unfortunately, the delivery of your desk will take longer than expected due to the damage that occurred during the shipment from the furniture manufacturer to our warehouse. We have ordered an exact replacement from the manufacturer, and we expect that delivery will take place within two weeks. As soon as the desk arrives, we will telephone you immediately and arrange a convenient delivery time. We regret the inconvenience this delay has caused you. Sincerely, Justin Upton
① The court of inquiry ruled that the crash was due to pilot error.
② The improvement was due to a higher level of gold ore treated during the period.
③ She has been absent from work due to
illness.
④ Attendance at the meeting was small, due in part to the absence of teachers.
⑤ His new book is due to be published next year.
2.1 다음 주어진 글의 이어질 글의 순서로 알맞은 것은? [19]
Garnet blew out the candles and lay down. It was too hot even for a sheet.
(A) Garnet held her breath hopefully. The sound paused. “Don’t stop! Please!” she whispered. Then the rain burst strong and loud upon the world. Garnet leaped out of bed and ran to the window. She shouted with joy, “It’s raining hard!” She felt as though the thunderstorm was a present.
(B) She lay there, sweating, listening to the empty thunder that brought no rain, and whispered, “I wish the drought would end.”
Late in the night, Garnet had a feeling that something she had been waiting for was about to happen.
(C) She lay quite still, listening. The thunder rumbled again, sounding much louder. And then slowly, one by one, as if someone were dropping pennies on the roof, came the raindrops.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
2.2 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
And then slowly, one by one, as if someone were dropping pennies on the roof,
Garnet blew out the candles and lay down. It
was too hot even for a sheet. She lay there, sweating, listening to the empty thunder that brought no rain, and whispered, “I wish the drought would end.” ① Late in the night, Garnet had a feeling that something she had been waiting for was about to happen. ② She lay quite still, listening. The thunder rumbled again, sounding much louder. ③ came the raindrops. Garnet held her breath hopefully.
The sound paused. ④ “Don’t stop! Please!”
she whispered. Then the rain burst strong and loud upon the world. ⑤ Garnet leaped out of bed and ran to the window. She shouted with joy, “It’s raining hard!” She felt as though the thunderstorm was a present.
3.1 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어가기에 가장 적절 한 것은? [20]
How do you encourage other people when they are changing their behavior? Suppose you see a friend who is on a diet and has been losing a lot of weight. It’s tempting to tell her that she looks great and she must feel wonderful.
It feels good for someone to hear positive comments, and this feedback will often be encouraging. (A) , if you end the discussion there, then the only feedback your friend is getting is about her progress toward an outcome. (B) , continue the discussion. Ask about what she is doing that has allowed her to be successful. What is she eating? Where is she working out? What are the lifestyle changes she has made? When the conversation focuses on the process of change rather than the outcome, it reinforces the value of creating a sustainable process.
① However …… Instead
② However …… Therefore
③ Moreover …… Instead
④ Thus …… In fact
⑤ For instance …… To sum up
3.2 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
Ask about what she is doing that has allowed her to be successful.
How do you encourage other people when they are changing their behavior? Suppose you see a friend who is on a diet and has been losing a lot of weight. It’s tempting to tell her that she looks great and she must feel wonderful.
It feels good for someone to hear positive comments, and this feedback will often be encouraging. However, if you end the discussion there, then the only feedback your friend is getting is about her progress toward an outcome. Instead, continue the discussion.
④ What is she eating? Where is she working out? What are the lifestyle changes she has made? When the conversation focuses on the process of change rather than the outcome, it reinforces the value of creating a sustainable process.
3.3 서술형: 밑줄 친 문장을 that절을 이용하여 같은 의미의 문장으로 바꾸세요.
How do you encourage other people when they are changing their behavior? Suppose you see a friend who is on a diet and has been losing a lot of weight. It’s tempting to tell her that she looks great and she must feel wonderful.
It feels good for someone to hear positive comments, and this feedback will often be encouraging. However, if you end the discussion there, then the only feedback your friend is getting is about her progress toward an outcome. Instead, continue the discussion.
Ask about what she is doing that has allowed her to be successful. What is she eating?
Where is she working out? What are the lifestyle changes she has made? When the conversation focuses on the process of change rather than the outcome, it reinforces the
value of creating a sustainable process.
→
3.4. 다음 글의 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
How do you encourage other people when they are changing their behavior?
(A) However, if you end the discussion there, then the only feedback your friend is getting is about her progress toward an outcome.
Instead, continue the discussion. Ask about what she is doing that has allowed her to be successful.
(B) Suppose you see a friend who is on a diet and has been losing a lot of weight. It’s tempting to tell her that she looks great and she must feel wonderful. It feels good for someone to hear positive comments, and this feedback will often be encouraging.
(C) What is she eating? Where is she working out? What are the lifestyle changes she has made? When the conversation focuses on the process of change rather than the outcome, it reinforces the value of creating a sustainable process.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
3.5 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
It feels good for someone to hear positive comments, and this feedback will often be encouraging.
How do you encourage other people when they are changing their behavior? Suppose you see a friend who is on a diet and has been losing
a lot of weight. It’s tempting to tell her that she looks great and she must feel wonderful.
① However, if you end the discussion there, then the only feedback your friend is getting is about her progress toward an outcome. ② Instead, continue the discussion. ③ Ask about what she is doing that has allowed her to be successful. ④ What is she eating? Where is she working out? What are the lifestyle changes she has made? ⑤ When the conversation focuses on the process of change rather than the outcome, it reinforces the value of creating a sustainable process.
4.1 다음 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 알맞은 것은?
[21]
It might seem that praising your child’s intelligence or talent would boost his selfesteem and motivate him.
(A) It’s as if they are afraid to do anything that might make them fail and lose your high appraisal. Kids might also get the message that intelligence or talent is something that people either have or don’t have.
(B) This leaves kids feeling helpless when they make mistakes. What’s the point of trying to improve if your mistakes indicate that you lack intelligence?
(C) But it turns out that this sort of praise backfires. Carol Dweck and her colleagues have demonstrated the effect in a series of experimental studies: “When we praise kids for their ability, kids become more cautious. They avoid challenges.”
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
4.2 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 알맞은 것은?
It’s as if they are afraid to do anything that might make them fail and lose your high appraisal.
It might seem that praising your child’s intelligence or talent would boost his selfesteem and motivate him. But it turns out that this sort of praise backfires. ① Carol Dweck and her colleagues have demonstrated the effect in a series of experimental studies:
“When we praise kids for their ability, kids become more cautious. ② They avoid challenges.” ③ Kids might also get the message that intelligence or talent is something that people either have or don’t have. ④ This leaves kids feeling helpless when they make mistakes. ⑤ What’s the point of trying to improve if your mistakes indicate that you lack intelligence?
4.3 다음 빈칸에 들어가기 가장 적절한 것은?
It might seem that praising your child’s intelligence or talent would boost his selfesteem and motivate him. But it turns out that this sort of praise backfires. Carol Dweck and her colleagues have demonstrated the effect in a series of experimental studies:
“When we praise kids for their ability, kids become more cautious. They avoid challenges.”
It’s as if they are afraid to do anything that might make them fail and lose your high appraisal. Kids might also get the message that intelligence or talent is something that people either have or don’t have. This leaves kids feeling helpless when they make mistakes. What’s the point of trying to improve if your mistakes indicate that you lack intelligence?
① counts
② lasts
③ backfires
④ works
⑤ goes
4.4 다음 밑줄 친 것 중 문맥상 적절하지 않은 것 은?
It might seem that praising your child’s intelligence or talent would ①boost his selfesteem and motivate him. But it turns out that this sort of praise ②backfires. Carol Dweck and her colleagues have demonstrated the effect in a series of experimental studies:
“When we praise kids for their ability, kids become more cautious. They ③risk challenges.” It’s as if they are afraid to do anything that might make them fail and lose your high appraisal. Kids might also get the message that intelligence or talent is something that people either have or don’t have. This leaves kids feeling ④helpless when they make mistakes. What’s the point of trying to improve if your mistakes indicate that you
⑤lack intelligence?
5.1 다음 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
[22]
Fast fashion also hurts the environment.
Fast fashion refers to trendy clothes designed, created, and sold to consumers as quickly as possible at extremely low prices. ① Fast fashion items may not cost you much at the cash register, but they come with a serious price: tens of millions of people in developing countries, some just children, work long hours in dangerous conditions to make them, in the kinds of factories often labeled sweatshops. ② Most garment workers are paid barely enough to survive. ③ Garments are manufactured using toxic chemicals and then transported around the globe, making the fashion industry the world’s secondlargest polluter, after the oil industry. ④ And millions of tons of discarded clothing piles up in landfills each
year. ⑤ *sweatshop: 노동착취공장
5.2 (서술형) 밑줄 친 부분을 순서에 맞게 작문하 세요.
Fast fashion refers to trendy clothes designed, created, and sold to consumers as quickly as possible at extremely low prices. Fast fashion items may not cost you much at the cash register, but they come with a serious price:
tens of millions of people in developing countries, some just children, work long hours in dangerous conditions to make them, in the kinds of factories often labeled sweatshops.
most/workers/paid/barely/are/enough/survive/to/g arment Fast fashion also hurts the environment. Garments are manufactured using toxic chemicals and then transported around the globe, making the fashion industry the world’s secondlargest polluter, after the oil industry. And millions of tons of discarded clothing piles up in landfills each year.
*sweatshop: 노동착취공장
6.1 다음 글의 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
[23]
If you want to protect yourself from colds and flu, regular exercise may be the ultimate immunitybooster.
(A) Studies have shown that moderate aerobic exercise can more than halve your risk for respiratory infections and other common winter diseases.
(B) If you have the flu or other forms of fevercausing systemic infections, exercise can slow recovery and, therefore, is a bad idea.
Your immune system is working overtime to fight off the infection, and exercise, a form of physical stress, makes that task harder.
(C) But when you feel sick, the story changes. “Exercise is great for prevention, but
it can be lousy for therapy,” says David Nieman, the director of the Human Performance Lab. Research shows that moderate exercise has no effect on the duration or severity of the common cold.
*respiratory: 호흡기의 **lousy: 나쁜
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
6.2 어법상 옳은 것만을 고른 것은?
If you want to protect yourself from colds and flu, regular exercise may be the ultimate immunitybooster. Studies have shown (A) that/what moderate aerobic exercise can more than halve your risk for respiratory infections and other common winter diseases. But when you feel sick, the story changes. “Exercise is great for prevention, but it can be lousy for therapy,” says David Nieman, the director of the Human Performance Lab. Research shows (B) that/how moderate exercise has no effect on the duration or severity of the common cold. If you have the flu or other forms of fevercausing systemic infections, exercise can slow recovery and, therefore, is a bad idea.
Your immune system is working overtime to fight off the infection, and exercise, a form of physical stress, makes that task (C) harder/more hardly. *respiratory: 호흡기의
**lousy: 나쁜
① that … that … harder
② that … that … more hardly
③ what … that … harder
④ that … how … harder
⑤ what … how … harder
7. 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 알맞은 것은? [25]
Eddie Adams was born in New Kensington,
Pennsylvania.
(A) He developed his passion for photography in his teens, when he became a staff photographer for his high school paper. After graduating, he joined the United States Marine Corps, where he captured scenes from the Korean War as a combat photographer.
(B) In 1958, he became staff at the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, a daily evening newspaper published in Philadelphia. In 1962, he joined the Associated Press (AP), and after 10 years, he left the AP to work as a freelancer for Time magazine.
(C) The Saigon Execution photo that he took in Vietnam earned him the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography in 1969. He shot more than 350 covers of magazines with portraits of political leaders such as Deng Xiaoping, Richard Nixon, and George Bush.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
8. (서술형) 다음 밑줄 친 문장을 조건에 맞게 바 꿔 쓰세요. [28]
My dad worked very late hours as a musician
―until about three in the morning―so he slept late on weekends. As a result, we didn’t have much of a relationship when I was young other than him constantly nagging me to take care of chores like mowing the lawn and cutting the hedges, which I hated. He was a responsible man dealing with an irresponsible kid.
Memories of how we interacted seem funny to me today. For example, one time he told me to cut the grass and I decided to do just the front yard and postpone doing the back, but then it rained for a couple days and the backyard grass became so high I had to cut it with a sickle. That took so long that by the
time I was finished, the front yard was too high to mow, and so on.*sickle: 낫
*that절을 활용합니다. **조동사를 활용합니다.
→
8.2 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
My dad worked very late hours as a musician
―until about three in the morning―so he slept late on weekends.
(A) That took so long that by the time I was finished, the front yard was too high to mow, and so on.
(B) He was a responsible man dealing with an irresponsible kid. Memories of how we interacted seem funny to me today. For example, one time he told me to cut the grass and I decided to do just the front yard and postpone doing the back, but then it rained for a couple days and the backyard grass became so high I had to cut it with a sickle.
(C) As a result, we didn’t have much of a relationship when I was young other than him constantly nagging me to take care of chores like mowing the lawn and cutting the hedges, which I hated.
*sickle: 낫
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (C) … (A) … (B)
⑤ (C) … (B) … (A)
9.1 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
[29]
Sometimes they implicate the wrong causes, and for some things that happen, there is no single cause.
People are innately inclined to look for causes
of events, to form explanations and stories.
That is one reason storytelling is such a persuasive medium. Stories resonate with our experiences and provide examples of new instances. ① From our experiences and the stories of others we tend to form generalizations about the way people behave and things work. ② We attribute causes to events, and as long as these causeandeffect pairings make sense, we use them for understanding future events. ③Yet these causal attributions are often mistaken. ④ Rather, there is a complex chain of events that all contribute to the result; if any one of the events would not have occurred, the result would be different. ⑤ But even when there is no single causal act, that doesn’t stop people from assigning one. *resonate: 떠올리게 하다
**implicate: 연관시키다
9.2 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
People are innately inclined to look for causes of events, to form explanations and stories.
That is one reason storytelling is such a persuasive medium. Stories resonate with our experiences and provide examples of new instances. From our experiences and the stories of others we tend to form generalizations about the way people behave and things work. We attribute causes to events, and as long as these causeandeffect pairings make sense, we use them for understanding future events. Yet these causal attributions are often mistaken. Sometimes they implicate the wrong causes, and for some things that happen, there is no single cause.
Rather, there is a complex chain of events that all contribute to the result; if any one of the events would not have occurred, the result would be different. But even when there is no single causal act, that doesn’t stop people from assigning one. *resonate: 떠올리게 하다
**implicate: 연관시키다
① specification
② generalizations
③ commonization
④ rehabilitation
⑤ standardization
9.3 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적 절한 것은?
People are innately inclined to look for causes of events, to form explanations and stories.
That is one reason storytelling is such a persuasive medium. Stories resonate with our experiences and provide examples of new instances. From our experiences and the stories of others we tend to form generalizations about the way people behave and things work. We attribute causes to events, and as long as these causeandeffect pairings make sense, we use them for understanding future events. (A) these causal attributions are often mistaken.
Sometimes they implicate the wrong causes, and for some things that happen, there is no single cause. (B) , there is a complex chain of events that all contribute to the result; if any one of the events would not have occurred, the result would be different.
But even when there is no single causal act, that doesn’t stop people from assigning one.
*resonate: 떠올리게 하다**implicate: 연관시키다
① However …… Thus
② For example …… Instead
③ Yet …… Rather
④ Moreover …… To sum up
⑤ Conversely …… Similarly
9.4 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
People are innately inclined to look for causes of events, to form explanations and stories.
That is one reason storytelling is such a persuasive medium. Stories resonate with our experiences and provide examples of new
instances.
(A) Rather, there is a complex chain of events that all contribute to the result; if any one of the events would not have occurred, the result would be different. But even when there is no single causal act, that doesn’t stop people from assigning one.
(B) Yet these causal attributions are often mistaken. Sometimes they implicate the wrong causes, and for some things that happen, there is no single cause.
(C) From our experiences and the stories of others we tend to form generalizations about the way people behave and things work. We attribute causes to events, and as long as these causeandeffect pairings make sense, we use them for understanding future events.
*resonate: 떠올리게 하다**implicate: 연관시키 다
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (C) … (A) … (B)
⑤ (C) … (B) … (A)
10.1 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 알맞은 것을 고르 세요. [30]
Leaving a store, I returned to my car only to find that I’d locked my car key and cell phone inside the vehicle.
(A) The thoughtful boy said, “Call your husband and tell him I’m coming to get his key.” “Are you sure? That’s four miles round trip.” “Don’t worry about it.” An hour later, he returned with the key.
(B) A teenager riding his bike saw me kick a tire in frustration. “What’s wrong?” he asked. I explained my situation. “But even if I could call my husband,” I said, “he can’t bring me his car key, since this is our only car.” He
handed me his cell phone.
(C) I offered him some money, but he refused. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,”
he said. Then, like a cowboy in the movies, he rode off into the sunset.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
10.2 (서술형) 밑줄 친 내용을 어순에 맞게 배열 하세요.
Leaving a store, I returned to my car only to find that I’d locked my car key and cell phone
inside the vehicle.
a/his/a/me/tire/in/frustration/teenager/riding/bike/
saw/kick “What’s wrong?” he asked. I explained my situation. “But even if I could call my husband,” I said, “he can’t bring me his car key, since this is our only car.” He handed me his cell phone. The thoughtful boy said, “Call your husband and tell him I’m coming to get his key.” “Are you sure? That’s four miles round trip.” “Don’t worry about it.” An hour later, he returned with the key. I offered him some money, but he refused. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said. Then, like a cowboy in the movies, he rode off into the sunset.
→
11.1 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 알맞은 것은?[31]
One CEO in one of Silicon Valley’s most innovative companies has what would seem like a boring, creativitykilling routine.
(A) Because the CEO has eliminated the mental cost involved in planning the meeting or thinking about who will or won’t be there, people can focus on creative problem solving
(B) At first glance there is nothing particularly unique about this. But what is unique is the quality of ideas that come out of the regular meetings.
(C) He holds a threehour meeting that starts at 9:00 A.M. one day a week. It is never missed or rescheduled at a different time. It is mandatory―so much so that even in this global firm all the executives know never to schedule any travel that will conflict with the meeting.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
12.1 다음 중 흐름상 맞지 않는 문장은?[32]
When meeting someone in person, body language experts say that smiling can portray confidence and warmth. Online, however, smiley faces could be doing some serious damage to your career. ①In a new study, researchers found that using smiley faces makes you look incompetent. ②The study says, “contrary to actual smiles, smileys do not increase perceptions of warmth and actually decrease perceptions of competence.”
③The report also explains, “Perceptions of low competence, in turn, lessened information sharing.” ④ Information sharing has made present human being what they are now as the key factor to surviving, which is collective intelligence. ⑤Chances are, if you are including a smiley face in an email for work, the last thing you want is for your coworkers to think that you are so inadequate that they chose not to share information with you.
12.2 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
The report also explains, “Perceptions of low competence, in turn, lessened information
sharing.”
When meeting someone in person, body language experts say that smiling can portray confidence and warmth. ① Online, however, smiley faces could be doing some serious damage to your career. ② In a new study, researchers found that using smiley faces makes you look incompetent. ③ The study says, “contrary to actual smiles, smileys do not increase perceptions of warmth and actually decrease perceptions of competence.”
④ Chances are, if you are including a smiley face in an email for work, the last thing you want is for your coworkers to think that you are so inadequate that they chose not to share information with you. ⑤
12.3 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 적절하지 않 은 것은?
When meeting someone in person, body language experts say that smiling can portray confidence and warmth. Online, however, smiley faces could be doing some ①serious damage to your career. In a new study, researchers found that using smiley faces makes you look ②competent. The study says,
“contrary to actual smiles, smileys do not ③ increase perceptions of warmth and actually decrease perceptions of competence.” The report also explains, “Perceptions of low competence, in turn, ④lessened information sharing.” Chances are, if you are including a smiley face in an email for work, the last thing you want is for your coworkers to think that you are so ⑤inadequate that they chose not to share information with you.
13.1 다음 중 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?[33]
How funny are you? While some people are natural humorists, being funny is a set of skills that can be learned. ①Exceptionally funny people don’t depend upon their memory
②to keep track of everything they find funny.
In the olden days, great comedians carried notebooks to write down funny thoughts or observations and scrapbooks for news clippings that struck them as funny. Today, you can do that ③easily with your smartphone. If you have a funny thought, record it as an audio note. If you read a funny article, save the link in your bookmarks. The world is a funny place and your existence within it is probably funnier. ④Accept that fact is a blessing that gives you everything you need to see humor and craft stories on a daily basis. All you have to do is ⑤document them and then tell someone.
13.2 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?
Every one has their own humor skills naturally but it is not enough to be humorists, which means most have to learn how to make funny jokes; in old times, people write down or scrap funny article or sentences and nowadays, people using their mobiles, save them in bookmarks, which means not only past but also present times people document funny stories and become humorists in nurture.
① naturally …… nurture
② programmatically …… the present
③ freely …… the society
④ genetically …… person
⑤ socially …… their time
14.1 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 것은?[34]
If you ask a physicist how long it would take a marble to fall from the top of a tenstory building, he will likely answer the question by assuming that the marble falls in a vacuum.
In reality, the building is surrounded by air, which applies friction to the falling marble and slows it down. (A) the physicist will point out that the friction on the marble is so small that its effect is negligible. Assuming
the marble falls in a vacuum simplifies the problem without substantially affecting the answer. Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand. (B) To study the effects of international trade, we might assume that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. By doing so, we can focus our thinking on the essence of the problem. Thus, we are in a better position to understand international trade in the complex world. *negligible: 무시할 수 있는
① Yet …… For example
② However …… In contrast
③ In fact …… Moreover
④ For instance …… Thus
⑤ Moreover …… Likewise
14.2 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 은?
If you ask a physicist how long it would take a marble to fall from the top of a tenstory building, he will likely answer the question by assuming that the marble falls in a vacuum.
(A) To study the effects of international trade, for example, we might assume that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. By doing so, we can focus our thinking on the essence of the problem. Thus, we are in a better position to understand international trade in the complex world.
(B) In reality, the building is surrounded by air, which applies friction to the falling marble and slows it down. Yet the physicist will point out that the friction on the marble is so small that its effect is negligible. Assuming the marble falls in a vacuum simplifies the problem without substantially affecting the answer.
(C) Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand.
*negligible: 무시할 수 있는
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
14.3 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand.
If you ask a physicist how long it would take a marble to fall from the top of a tenstory building, he will likely answer the question by assuming that the marble falls in a vacuum.
In reality, the building is surrounded by air, which applies friction to the falling marble and slows it down. ① Yet the physicist will point out that the friction on the marble is so small that its effect is negligible. ② Assuming the marble falls in a vacuum simplifies the problem without substantially affecting the answer. ③ To study the effects of international trade, for example, we might assume that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. ④ By doing so, we can focus our thinking on the essence of the problem. ⑤ Thus, we are in a better position to understand international trade in the complex world. *negligible: 무시할 수 있는
14.4 다음 밑줄친 부분중 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?
If you ask a physicist how long it would take a marble to fall from the top of a tenstory building, he will likely answer the question by
assuming that the marble falls in a vacuum.
In reality, the building is ①surrounded by air, which applies friction to the falling marble and slows it down. Yet the physicist will point out that the friction on the marble is so small that its effect is negligible. ②Assume the marble falls in a vacuum simplifies the problem without substantially affecting the answer.
Economists make assumptions for the same reason: Assumptions can simplify the complex world and make ③them easier to understand.
To study the effects of international trade, for example, we might assume ④that the world consists of only two countries and that each country produces only two goods. By doing so, we can focus our thinking on the essence of the problem. Thus, we are in a better position
⑤to understand international trade in the complex world. *negligible: 무시할 수 있는
15.1 다음 빈칸에 들어가기에 가장 적절한 것은?
[35]
Water is the ultimate commons. Once, watercourses seemed boundless and the idea of protecting water was considered silly. But rules change. Time and again, communities have studied water systems and redefined wise use. Now Ecuador has become the first nation on Earth to put the rights of nature in its constitution. This move has proclaimed that rivers and forests are not simply property but maintain their own right to flourish. According to the constitution, a citizen might file suit on behalf of an injured watershed, recognizing that its health is crucial to the common good. More countries are acknowledging nature’s rights and are expected to follow Ecuador’s lead.
*commons: 공유 자원 **watershed: (강) 유역
① doom to death
② right to flourish
③ specific preference
④ characteristic to be distinctive
⑤ genetic code
15.2 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?
Water is the ultimate commons. Once, watercourses seemed boundless and the idea of protecting water was considered silly. But rules change. Time and again, communities have studied water systems and redefined wise use. Now Ecuador has become the first nation on Earth to put the rights of nature in its constitution. This move has proclaimed that rivers and forests are not simply property but maintain their own right to flourish. According to the constitution, a citizen might file suit on behalf of an injured watershed, recognizing that its health is crucial to the common good. More countries are acknowledging nature’s rights and are expected to follow Ecuador’s lead.
*commons: 공유 자원 **watershed: (강) 유역
① Water is the ultimate commons
② Water resources is the key factor to ecology.
③ Human being’s necessity is water
④ Everyone reaches water in easy.
⑤ Water is for the wealth
16.1 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?[36]
No one likes to think they’re average, least of all below average. When asked by psychologists, most people rate themselves above average on all manner of measures including intelligence, looks, health, and so on.
Selfcontrol is no different: people consistently overestimate their ability to control themselves. This overconfidence in selfcontrol can lead people to assume they’ll be able to control themselves in situations in which, it turns out, they can’t. This is why trying to stop an unwanted habit can be an extremely frustrating task. Over the days and weeks from our resolution to change, we start to notice it popping up again and again. The
old habit’s wellpracticed performance is beating our conscious desire for change into submission.
① Self-control
② Self-esteem
③ Self-discrimination
④ Self-distortion
⑤ Self-identity
16.2 (서술형) 다음 밑줄친 they can’t 의 의미를 쓰세요.
No one likes to think they’re average, least of all below average. When asked by psychologists, most people rate themselves above average on all manner of measures including intelligence, looks, health, and so on.
Selfcontrol is no different: people consistently overestimate their ability to control themselves. This overconfidence in selfcontrol can lead people to assume they’ll be able to control themselves in situations in which, it turns out, they can’t. This is why trying to stop an unwanted habit can be an extremely frustrating task. Over the days and weeks from our resolution to change, we start to notice it popping up again and again. The old habit’s wellpracticed performance is beating our conscious desire for change into submission.
→
17.1 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것 은?[37]
Trade will not ①occur unless both parties want what the other party has to offer. This
②is referred as the double coincidence of wants. Suppose a farmer wants ③to trade eggs with a baker for a loaf of bread. If the baker has no need or desire for eggs, then the farmer is out of luck and does not get any bread. However, if the farmer is enterprising and utilizes his network of village friends, he
might discover ④that the baker is in need of some new castiron trivets for cooling his bread, and it just so happens that the blacksmith needs a new lamb’s wool sweater.
Upon further investigation, the farmer discovers that the weaver ⑤has been wanting an omelet for the past week. The farmer will then trade the eggs for the sweater, the sweater for the trivets, and the trivets for his freshbaked loaf of bread. *trivet: 삼각 거치대
17.2 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?
Trade will not occur unless both parties want what the other party has to offer. This is referred to as the double coincidence of wants.
Suppose a farmer wants to trade eggs with a baker for a loaf of bread. If the baker has no need or desire for eggs, then the farmer is out of luck and does not get any bread.
However, if the farmer is enterprising and utilizes his network of village friends, he might discover that the baker is in need of some new castiron trivets for cooling his bread, and it just so happens that the blacksmith needs a new lamb’s wool sweater. Upon further investigation, the farmer discovers that the weaver has been wanting an omelet for the past week. The farmer will then trade the eggs for the sweater, the sweater for the trivets, and the trivets for his freshbaked loaf of bread. *trivet: 삼각 거치대
① the double coincidence of wants
② the collapse of demands
③ the disagreement between supply and demand
④ the programmed agreement in trade
⑤ the golden rule of supplies
18.1 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 은?[38]
Have you heard someone say, “He has no one to blame but himself” for some problem? In
everyday life we often blame people for
“creating” their own problems.
(A) If a person sinks into debt because of overspending or credit card abuse, other people often consider the problem to be the result of the individual’s personal failings. However, thinking about it this way overlooks debt among people in lowincome brackets who have no other way than debt to acquire basic necessities of life.
(B) By contrast, at middle and upperincome levels, overspending takes on a variety of meanings typically influenced by what people think of as essential for their wellbeing and associated with the socalled “good life” that is so heavily marketed. But across income and wealth levels, largerscale economic and social problems may affect the person’s ability to pay for consumer goods and services.
(C) Although individual behavior can contribute to social problems, our individual experiences are often largely beyond our own control.
They are determined by society as a whole―
by its historical development and its organization.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
18.2 밑줄 친 것 중 문맥상 적절하지 않은 것은?
Have you heard someone say, “He has no one to blame but himself” for some problem? In everyday life we often blame people for “① creating” their own problems. Although individual behavior can contribute to social problems, our individual experiences are often largely ②beyond our own control. They are determined by society as a whole― by its historical development and its organization. If a person sinks into debt because of overspending
or credit card abuse, other people often consider the problem to be the result of the individual’s personal failings. However, thinking about it this way ③overlooks debt among people in lowincome brackets who have no other way than debt to acquire basic necessities of life. By contrast, at middle and upperincome levels, overspending takes on ④ the sole meaning typically influenced by what people think of as essential for their wellbeing and associated with the socalled
“good life” that is so heavily marketed. But across income and wealth levels, ⑤largerscale economic and social problems may affect the person’s ability to pay for consumer goods and services.
18.3 다음 글을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 다 음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어가기에 가장 알맞은 것 은?
Have you heard someone say, “He has no one to blame but himself” for some problem? In everyday life we often blame people for
“creating” their own problems. Although individual behavior can contribute to social problems, our individual experiences are often largely beyond our own control. They are determined by society as a whole― by its historical development and its organization. If a person sinks into debt because of overspending or credit card abuse, other people often consider the problem to be the result of the individual’s personal failings. However, thinking about it this way overlooks debt among people in lowincome brackets who have no other way than debt to acquire basic necessities of life.
By contrast, at middle and upperincome levels, overspending takes on a variety of meanings typically influenced by what people think of as essential for their wellbeing and associated with the socalled “good life” that is so heavily marketed. But across income and wealth levels, largerscale economic and social
problems may affect the person’s ability to pay for consumer goods and services.
Many of us is complaining the poor or helpless for their (A) but it is largely generated by (B) .
① personal incompetence …… social economic effects
② family running …… individual causes
③ gene code …… social structure
④ characteristics …… individual’s mind
⑤ social defects …… conventional norm
19.1 밑줄 친 것들 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것 은?[39]
Traditionally, people were declared ①dead when their hearts stopped beating, their blood stopped circulating and they stopped breathing.
So doctors would listen for a heartbeat, or occasionally conduct the famous mirror test to see ②if there were any signs of moisture from the potential deceased’s breath. It is commonly known ③that when people’s hearts stop and they breathe their last, they are dead. But in the last halfcentury, doctors have proved time and time again that they can revive many patients ④whose hearts have stopped beating by various techniques such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation. So a patient whose heart has stopped can no longer be regarded as ⑤death. Instead, the patient is said to be ‘clinically dead’. Someone who is only clinically dead can often be brought back to life. *cardiopulmonary resuscitation: 심폐소 생술(CPR)
19.2 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 은?
Traditionally, people were declared dead when their hearts stopped beating, their blood stopped circulating and they stopped breathing.
(A) It is commonly known that when people’s hearts stop and they breathe their last, they are dead. But in the last halfcentury, doctors have proved time and time again that they can revive many patients whose hearts have stopped beating by various techniques such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
(B) So doctors would listen for a heartbeat, or occasionally conduct the famous mirror test to see if there were any signs of moisture from the potential deceased’s breath.
(C) So a patient whose heart has stopped can no longer be regarded as dead. Instead, the patient is said to be ‘clinically dead’. Someone who is only clinically dead can often be brought back to life. *cardiopulmonary resuscitation: 심폐소생술(CPR)
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
20.1 다음 중 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?[40]
At the Leipzig Zoo in Germany, 34 zoo chimpanzees and orangutans ①participating in a study were each individually tested in a room, where they were put in front of two boxes.
An experimenter would place an object inside one box and leave the room. Another experimenter would enter the room, move the object into the other box and exit. When the first experimenter returned and tried ② retrieving the object from the first box, the great ape would help the experimenter ③open the second box, which it knew the object had been transferred to. However, most apes in the study did not help the first experimenter open the second box if the first experimenter was still in the room to see the second experimenter ④to move the item. The findings show the great apes understood when the first experimenter still thought the item was ⑤
where he or she last left it.
20.2 다음 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
At the Leipzig Zoo in Germany, 34 zoo chimpanzees and orangutans participating in a study were each individually tested in a room, where they were put in front of two boxes.
(A) However, most apes in the study did not help the first experimenter open the second box if the first experimenter was still in the room to see the second experimenter move the item.
(B) An experimenter would place an object inside one box and leave the room. Another experimenter would enter the room, move the object into the other box and exit. When the first experimenter returned and tried retrieving the object from the first box, the great ape would help the experimenter open the second box, which it knew the object had been transferred to.
(C) The findings show the great apes understood when the first experimenter still thought the item was where he or she last left it.
① (A) … (B) … (C)
② (A) … (C) … (B)
③ (B) … (A) … (C)
④ (B) … (C) … (A)
⑤ (C) … (A) … (B)
≫해답
1.1. 5 1.2. 5 2.1. 4 2.2. 3 3.1. 1 3.2. 4
3.3. It feels good that someone hears positive cooments and this feedback will often be encouraging.
3.4 3 3.5 1 4.1 5 4.2 3 4.3 3 4.4 3 5.1 3
5.2 Most garment workers are paid barely enough to survive.
6.1 2 6.2 1 7.1 1
8.1 the front yard was so high that I could not mow, and so on.
8.2 5 9.1 4 9.2 2 9.3 3 9.4 5 10.1 3
10.2 A teenager riding his bike saw me kick a tire in frustration.
11.1 1 12.1 4 12.2 4 12.3 2 13.1 4 13.2 1 14.1 1 14.2 4 14.3 3 14.4 2
15.1 2 15.2 1 16.1 1
16.2 they cannot control themselves 17.1 2
17.2 1 18.1 5 18.2 4 18.3 1 19.1 5 19.2 3 20.1 4 20.2 4
