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Monte Carlo Simulations for Changes in the Cosmic-ray Flux on the Earth’s Surface Due to Heavy-Metal Pollution in the Atmosphere
Jaw Won Shin · Tae-Sun Park · Seung-Woo Hong ∗
Department of Physics and Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746
Oubong Gwun
Department of Computer Information, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756
Chong Yeal Kim
Department of Radiation Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756 (Received 31 March 2011 : revised 29 June 2011 : accepted 25 July 2011)
We have studied how much heavy metals in the air may affect the environmental radiation dose on the surface of the earth when they are bombarded by high-energy protons from outer space.
The cosmic-ray protons are assumed to enter the atmosphere at 10 kilometers above the ground with energy of 1 ∼ 10 GeV at various incident angles. We have simulated the dose deposition in a one-meter high water phantom placed on the surface of the earth by using the simulation tool GEANT4. We then compare the resulting dose with the case without heavy-metal pollution in the
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atmosphere. The effect of the presence of the heavy metals turns out to be extremely small for all the cases considered. This shows that the presence of heavy metals in the atmosphere does not affect the radiation dose at the surface of the earth.
PACS numbers: 25.30.Bf, 25.30.Dh, 24.10.Lx, 96.50.Vg, 91.10.Vr, 92.60.Vb Keywords: Heavy metals, Atmosphere, Cosmic-ray, GEANT4, Dose
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